CS 3630 Database Design and Implementation
Your Oracle Account• UserName is the same as your UWP username• Followed by @EDDB• Not case sensitive
• Initial Password: UWPUserName1 (all lower case)
Example: yangq1• Password is case sensitive
• Reset password• Email to HelpDesk at [email protected] from
your UWP email account if you forget your new password
2
Oracle Client SQL*Plus
• SQL*Plus
• Oracle 11.2.0.1.0
• All labs in Ullrich Hall
• Not available from home or any other lab on campus
3
Structured Query Language (SQL)
• One language for Relational Databases
• ANSI Standard
• Oracle: SQL*Plus
• MS SQL Server: Transact-SQL
• IBM DB2
• MySQL
• Sybase
...4
Structured Query Language (SQL)
• Case insensitive (like VB)• Free style (like C++ and Java)• Statement terminator – semicolon (like C++ and Java)• Programming Rule: Style
Each clause of a query on a separate line• When creating tables
Each field on a separate line
Each table constraint on a separate line
5
Structured Query Language (SQL)
• DDL (Data Definition Language)
Create Table (user) ...
Drop Table (user) ...
Alter Table (user) ...
• DML (Data Manipulation language)
Select * From Branch …
Insert into Branch ...
Update branch ...
Delete from BRANCH ... 6
Change Your Oracle Passwordinside Oracle
-- Oracle Command Prompt
SQL>
-- Change your password
-- Remember your new password!
SQL> Alter User yourUserName identified by newPassword;
-- Every ANSI SQL standard command ends with ;
7
Oracle Data Types
• Char(size)
fixed length string
up to 2000 bytes
default is 1 byte
blanks are padded on right when fewer chars entered
• Varchar2(size)
variable size string
up to 2000 bytes
must specify the limit (size)
• Varchar(size)
same as Varchar2(size)
better to use Varchar2
8
Oracle Data Types
• Integer, int, smallint
• Float
• Date
Valid dates from 1-Jan-4712 B.C. to 31-Dec-4712 A.D.
Default format: DD-MON-YY
23-Mar-09
Including time
9
Oracle Data Types
• Number(l, d) l: length (total) d: decimal digits number (5, 2): largest value is 999.99 • Decimal(l, d), Numeric(l, d) same as number(l, d) SQL standard • blob: binary large object, up to 4 GB• clob: character large object, up to 4 GB• raw(size): raw binary data, up to 2000 bytes • ...
10
Create a Table
SQL> Create Table Test1 (
C1 char(5) Primary Key,
C2 Varchar2(50),
C3 Integer,
C4 Date);
11
Show Table Schema
SQL> Describe Test1
Or
SQL> Desc Test1
Describe is a SQL*Plus command and no semicolon is required.
12
Insert Records
Insert into Test1
Values (‘cs363', ‘s1', 44, ‘28-feb-12’);
Insert into Test1
Values (‘cs334', ‘s2', 45, ‘29-feb-12’);
One record at a time!
Single quotes for string
Date is entered as string
in the default format
13
Retrieve Records
Select * From test1;
-- Each clause on a separate line
Select *
From Test1;
-- to start a comment line
14
Entity Integrity
Insert into Test1
Values (‘cs363', ‘q2', 17, ‘2-Mar-12’);
PK must be Unique!
15
Null Values
Insert into Test1
Values (‘cs387', ‘q2', 17, null);
Null is a key word, not a string!
NULL, null and Null are the same
SQL is not case sensitive
16
Entity Integrity
Insert into Test1
Values (null, ‘q2', 17, ‘2-Mar-12’);
PK cannot be null!
17
Command Commit
• DDL commands are sent back to server and executed there
• DML commands are executed at client site
• Use commit to send results back to server
18
Update Records
Update test1
Set c3 = 50
Where c1 = ‘cs363’;
-- Each clause on a separate line
19
Delete Records
Delete from test1
Where c1 = ‘cs363’;
-- select to check
Delete from test1;
-- select to check
-- desc to check
20
Drop Table
Drop table test1;
Desc test1
-- to check
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object test1 does not exist
21
Log out
SQL> exit
22
Remember Your Password!
23
Quiz2
Any Questions?
24
Assignment62
Any Questions?
25