Control of Botrytis cinerea in strawberries with
Gliocladium catenulatum vectored by
bumblebees
IOBC VIII Workshop on Integrated Soft Fruit Production
8th Meeting in Vigalzano, Pergine Valsugana, Trento
26-28 May 2014
Research Centre HoogstratenMeerle, Belgium
Tom Van Delm
Introduction
• Grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) in strawberry
• Control:
~ Covered crops
~ Substrate
~ Fungicides
• Aim of research:
~ Reduces residues: non-chemical alternatives
Botrytis trial 2011
François-Xavier Boulanger (Biobest)
Tom Van Delm (Reseach coordinator strawberry, Proefcentrum Hoogstraten )
Katrijn Stoffels (Strawberry researcher, Proefcentrum Hoogstraten )
Peter Melis (Strawberry researcher, Proefcentrum Hoogstraten )
Yann Jacques (Researcher, Biobest)
Felix Wackers (R&D manager, Biobest)
• Can bumblebees contribute to biological
control of Botrytis cinerea in strawberry?
Botrytis trial 2011
• Inoculation and natural disease pressure
• Chemical control: scheme with different products▪ Frupica® (mepanipyrim)
▪ Captan® (captan)
▪ Teldor® (fenhexamid)
▪ Signum ® (boscalid + pyraclostrobin)
• 3 different BCA’s in dispensers:~ BCA 1: good uptake by the bumblebees
~ BCA 2: became compact => reduced uptake
~ BCA 3: became sticky => no uptake
Botrytis trial 2011
• Conclusions 2011:~ Possibilities with Flying Doctor® system in strawberry
~ At low to moderate pressure: similar control
~ At high pressure: Chemical control was better
=> Integrated system: spray application (biological orchemical) with Flying Doctors®
Control of Botrytis: trial 2013
• Aim:~ Control of Botrytis: Efficacy of Gliocladium catenulatum vectored
by bumblebees
~ Value of additional sprayings:▪ Chemical treatments
▪ Biological treatments
• Trial setup~ Plastic greenhouse autumn
~ Natural infection
~ 3 inoculations (labeled)
Objectnr
Object Bumblebee hive Product in dispenserRegistratie of yield/grading
1 Untreated control Dispenser / No
2Gliocladium catenulatum: spraying (3x Prestop)
Dispenser / No
3Fenhexamid spraying (1x Teldor)
Dispenser / No
4 FD Verdera B4 Dispenser Verdera B4 Yes
5 Prestop 1x + FD Verdera B4 Dispenser Verdera B4 No
6 Teldor 1x + FD Verdera B4 Dispenser Verdera B4 No
7 Chemische Controle Dispenser / Yes
Control of Botrytis: trial 2013////////////
1 2 /7 7 /
////
4 5 / 6 4///
3 1 /7 7 /
////////
2 3 /7 /
////
6 4 / 5 6///
3 1 /7 7 /
////////
2 3 /7 /
////
5 6 / 4 5///
1 2 ///
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Plant date 86- Control of Botrytis cinerea in strawberryPlant type by Flying Doctors System
Variety 1 Untreated control 4 FD Verdera B4 = no inoculation = Flying doctors hive
= 2 Prestop spraying (3x) 5 Prestop 1x + FD Verdera B4 = Inoculation B. cinerea (without VerderaB4)
3 Teldor spraying (1x) 6 Teldor 1x + FD Verdera B4 = Flying doctors hive
7 Chemical control // = Mesh to divide greenhouse in two seperate filled with VerderaB4
compartments
Section 37 (PS 3)
Section 36 - PS 2
kap 1 kap 2 kap 3 kap 4
Trayplanten
Elsanta
Plant density 12 pl/lm 9,6 pl/m²
Section 35 (PS 1) betonpad
kap 4
buiten betonpad Section36 (PS 2)
Section 35 - PS 110/07/2013
kap 1 kap 2 kap 3Compartment 1 Compartment 2 Compartment 3
Control of Botrytis: trial 2013
• Crop protection and ‘Flying Doctors’:
~ Fungicides, insecticides, acaricides:
▪ Compatibility with G. catenulatum
▪ Avoid products that need to lock the bumblebees
Control of Botrytis: trial 2013
• Harvest: August, 12 – October, 9 2013
~ Shelf-life tests:
▪ Inoculated fruits harvested each picking date
▪ 5 sampling dates for fruits under natural disease
pressure
56%60%
42%38%
0,00
0,50
1,00
1,50
2,00
2,50
3,00
3,50
4,00
Flying Doctors with Verdera B4 Flying Doctors (empty dispenser)
kg
/m²
Groot Klein Misvormd Rot
Control of Botrytis: trial 2013
• Inoculated fruits: Botrytisinfection post
harvestThe occurrence of Botrytis cinerea (%) on strawberry fruit after 14 days in cold storage for
inoculated fruits
Object Inoculation 31/7 Inoculation 7/08 Inoculation 13/08 All data
Control 65,6 ab 68,9 ab 54,9 ns 63,1 a
Prestop 3x 73,8 a 75,4 ab 48,8 ns 66,0 a
Teldor 47,6 ab 76,9 a 65,4 ns 63,3 a
FD 38,4 b 57,1 b 51,0 ns 48,9 ab
FD + Prestop 1x 45,2 ab 57,3 b 57,8 ns 53,4 ab
FD + Teldor 1X 33,7 b 64,9 ab 39,0 ns 45,9 b
Chem control 44,0 ab 69,0 ab 54,2 ns 55,7 ab
Significance p<0.05 according to Duncan
0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
70,0
80,0
90,0
100,0
Control Prestop 3x Teldor FD FD +
Prestop 1x
FD +
Teldor 1X
Chem
control
% B
otry
tis
po
st h
arv
estInoculation on 31/7 - 7/8 - 13/8 14d post harvest
Control of Botrytis: trial 2013
• Natural disease pressure: Botrytis infection
post harvest
The occurrence of Botrytis cinerea (%) on strawberry fruit after 14 days in cold storage under
natural disease pressure
Object 21/08/13 26/08/13 2/09/13 5/09/13 16/09/13 All data
Control 58,0 a 54,0 a 62,0 ns 40,0 ns 58,7 ab 53,5 a
Prestop 3x 50,0 ab 47,0 ab 76,0 ns 35,0 ns 54,0 ab 52,0 ab
Teldor 44,0 ab 54,0 a 64,0 ns 29,0 ns 56,0 ab 47,8 ab
FD 37,0 ab 27,0 b 53,0 ns 28,0 ns 45,0 ab 36,3 b
FD + Prestop 1x 41,0 ab 32,0 ab 55,0 ns 38,0 ns 49,0 ab 41,5 ab
FD + Teldor 1X 27,0 b 36,0 ab 55,0 ns 38,7 ns 66,0 a 39,2 ab
Chem control 35,0 ab 26,0 b 66,0 ns 34,0 ns 38,0 b 40,3 b
Significance p<0.05 according to Duncan
Control of Botrytis: trial 2013
• Conclusions~ Flying Doctors® system with VerderaB4:
no negative effect on pollination
~ Efficacy?▪ Finding:
− Generally: FD-objects and chemical control < untreated
− Not always statistic significant reduction:
* Relatively low disease pressure (53% Botrytis 14days PH)
* Inoculation partly successful (53 -> 63%)
▪ Statistical differences:− All assessed fruits together (inoculated+natural disease pressure):
more fruits per object
~ Flying Doctors® + VerderaB4 : ▪ Reduction of Botrytis, comparable with chemical control at low
disease pressure
▪ In this trial: no additional value of spraying applications
~ What at high disease pressure?▪ Development of a good and reliable strategy for growers
Thank you.
Tom Van DelmProefcentrum Hoogstraten
Voort 71, B-2328 MeerleBelgium
Tel: +32 (0) 3 315 70 [email protected]
www.proefcentrum.be