1
COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY &&
SANITATION PROJECTSANITATION PROJECT
SRI LANKASRI LANKA
2
Sri Lanka
3
PROFILE OF SRI LANKA
• Sri Lanka : An island nation• Land Area : 64,740 sq km• Total population : 20.9 million• Rural population : 16.4 million (78.5%)
– 24% classified as poor.• Life expectancy : Male 70.1 years
: Female 74.8 years• Literacy Rate : Urban 94.6%, Rural 92.5%
4
PROFILE OF SRI LANKA (contd.)
• Per capita income $1,540 • Mean Rainfall 2,000 mm• Average Temperature 60o – 90o F• 27% lacks access to safe drinking
water and basic sanitation• MDG target - 100% WSS coverage by
2025
5
• 54% of rural population with no access to WSS
• Vulnerability to waterborne diseases• Heavy expenditure by Government on free
medical care• No involvement of beneficiaries - no
mechanism for O&M in previous attempts
PRE-CWSSP SITUATION
This situation led the government to search for an alternative approach
6
COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY & COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROJECT SANITATION PROJECT
(CWSSP)(CWSSP)
SRI LANKASRI LANKA
7
PROJECT CONCEPTS
– People centered
– Demand responsive
– Community plan, construct, own and manage
8
PROJECT OBJECTIVES• Provide Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation
Facilities• Improve Health Conditions through Hygiene
Education and Practices
• Enhance Home and Village Environment
• Develop Human Resources and Capacity of Communities • Alleviate Poverty and Improve the quality of life of
rural and estate communities
9
APPROACH & STRATEGIES• Participatory Community Development Approach• Beneficiaries play the lead role in the entire process
of implementation• Beneficiaries share minimum 20% of the capital
cost• Communities plan, construct, own, operate and
manage • Entrust heavy responsibilities to Community Based
Organization (CBO) on trust• Encourage economic, social and cultural activities
apart from WSS
10
PROJECT COMPONENTS• Village Water Supply • School Water Supply • Sanitation (Village & School)• Hygiene Awareness• Environmental Conservation • Stakeholder Capacity Building• Estate Sector Program• Diversification of CBO activities
11
PROJECT FUNDING
CWSSP I (Pilot) (US$)
2nd CWSSP (US$)
World Bank (IDA) 12.5 32.8 Government of Sri Lanka 3.4 6.5 Beneficiary Communities 7.4 9.2 Total 23.3 48.5
12
13
GOVERNING PRINCIPLES• Act of Parliament for the provision of
infrastructure facilities including WSS• Direction & Regulation by Rural Water
Supply & Sanitation Division• Rural Water Supply & Sanitation Policy• Supervision by Provincial Councils• MoUs and Agreements• Auditing
14
GOVERNANCE AND POLICY REFORMS Impact on scaling up RWSS• Government commitment to MDGs• Impact of RWSS Policy on other donor agencies and
implementing agencies• Transparency • Equity • Political Will
Sustainable Sanitation• Rural Sanitation Policy• Sanitation Revolving Loan Fund (SRLF) instead of subsidy
culture• Health & Hygiene Education• Home Based Environment • Collaboration with Health & Education Authorities
15
INTEGRATED APPROACH - KEY FACTORS
• Awareness creation through mobilization on the inter-linkages among hygiene education, sanitation and water
• Source protection and household level environment programs
• Participatory health monitoring• Involvement of local health staff • Effective coordination at all levels
16
SUSTAINABILITY – Factors Contributed
• Effective / innovative community mobilization • Establishment of CBOs by beneficiaries • Creation of sense of ownership from the inception • Implementation activities backed by Training • Community at the center of decision making• Involvement of experienced NGOs as Partners • CBO capacity building • Women playing lead role• Diversification of CBO activities• CBO – prominent partner of local institution network• Insuring CBO assets
17
OWNERSHIP ESTABLISHED• Opportunity provided to the Community for:
Water source selectionDecision making on option & service level selectionCost sharing – minimum 20% of capital cost Procurement & Construction Scheme O&M including tariff settingSelection & training care-takers
• Formal vesting of ownership of facilities• Recognition by the Govt:& other organizations• Registration with Govt:
18
ACHIEVEMENTS (TANGIBLE)ACHIEVEMENTS (TANGIBLE)
• Construction of 3,497 water schemes• Providing drinking water to over 3 million• Construction of 160,000 toilets• Construction of 16,800Rain WaterHarvesting Tanks
• WSS for 805 schools
19
ACHIEVEMENTS (INTANGIBLE)ACHIEVEMENTS (INTANGIBLE)
• Built:Self – relianceSelf confidenceCohesiveness
• Skills development• Improved managerial expertise• Village leadership built up• Strengthened CBO capacity
20
CWSSP CWSSP -- OVERALL OUTCOMEOVERALL OUTCOME• Improved health condition• Reduced expenditure on medical bills• Enhanced labour productivity• Increased family income• Improved health condition relieved the Government
from a heavy burden of providing free medical care• Rural communities join the mainstream of
development • Transformation of CBOs as “Village Development
Centers”• Rural Water Supply & Sanitation Policy• National Policy for Rural Sanitation
21
The First Community Water Supply and Sanitation Project (1993-98) has been rated as the “Best Practice” and
“Well Managed” Project by the World Bank among 200 similar
projects around the World
22
Women in Action
23
Village Water Supply
24
Rain Water Harvesting
25
Plantation Sector Water Supply
26
Hygiene Education
27
School WSS
28
Sanitation under SRLF
29
Environmental Conservation
Prize Giving Tree Planting in Catchments
30
Diversification of CBO ActivitiesHousehold Garment products
31
Diversification of CBO ActivitiesSeed Packeting
32
Diversification of CBO Activities
Eco Eco –– friendly Bagsfriendly BagsShoe Making
33
Cultural / Religious ActivitiesChildren's Drama Cultural Show
Childrens’ Club Religious Procession
34
Opening Ceremony at a Multi-Village Water Supply Scheme
35
Dimbula Pathana Water Scheme - Hatton Opening Ceremony organized by CBO
36
THANK YOU