TINA-C style architectures are emerging in many places in the next generation network
“Open”
“Closed”
Network Dependent Services
Service Control
User Services Service ProviderServices
“Open” “Closed”
Hosted Services onOpen Networks
PSTN
Wireless
Intelligent Network
PSTN Wireless Intelligent Network Internet
Internet
There is a disaggregation of services, switching, transport, and access
Services interwork across multiple network types
Open and flexible interfaces - API’s & protocols, allow ISVs to create new services
Standard API’s
Softswitch follows a TINA-C style architecture
Softswitch Model
PSTNIP
ATM
IP
ATM
Packet Data Backbone
Media Gateway Media Gateway
Management System
Billing System
SignalingNew Services
control
PSTN
control
3G-wireless networks are following the TINA-C style architecture
Internet
PSTN
CommonBase Stations
Radio Network Control
MediaGateways
Softswitch-basedSoft MobileSwitching
Center
Service optical networks are following TINA-C style architectures - though with very different API’s and “call models”
SoftWaveSoftWave
Optical Network Topology View
New Style Optical Services•Bandwidth Trading•Optical VPN’s•Selectable QoSCustomer Programmability
SCP ONLY SCP + Adjunct Advanced Toll-Free Automatic Callback Area Number Calling IN Unified Messaging Authentication Center Network Announcements E911 Incoming Call Screenin Internet Call Diversion Short Message Service Center LIDB services Voice Activated Dialing Local Toll Free (800 portability) Personal/Single Number Servic Network ACD/Contact Center E-mail reader Number Portability Instant Messaging (e.g. "Teen talk") Over-the-Air Service Provisioning Internet Call Waiting/Management PrePaid Service Personal Assistants Standalone Home Location Register Talking Call Waiting Televoting Outgoing Call Screening/ Calling Party Pays Calling Party Verification Location Based Services Flexible Alerting/simultaneous ringing Virtual Private Network Calling Card Calling Name display
Open network case study - what happened withAIN services?
VendorISV, Telco, & Vendor
There was not an explosion in network services with AIN - Why Not?
Operations & Tariffing Complexities?
Disparate, Partially Deployed Switch Triggers?
Voice Services Running Dry?
Feature Interaction?
Limited Functionality End User Device?
Feature interaction is a complex network services attribute that can prohibit an open programming environment for network services
Feature interaction occurs when a feature’s behavior changes - intentionally or unintentionally - in the presence of another feature – Circular Call Forwarding– Unlisted Number, Caller ID, E911 & “Hang up”– Call gapping & emergency calls– Internet Call Waiting & Call Forwarding On No Answer– Denial of service, distributed attack?– Emergency virus shield download?
When the subscriber is busy, an incoming call triggers a cw tone at the subscriber and a normal dial tone at the caller. The cw tone can be repeated at most once. After a 10 sec interval (9..30sec)…… (Telcordia LSSGR)
Time neededto solve problem oncontemporary machines
New tools and faster processors reduce verification time by 10,000
10000
1000
100
10
11980 1987 1995 2000
100000
Se
co
nd
sNew tool for Automatic Verification of new services ensures correctness & non-interference, and speeds time to market
Properties
Source Code
Abstractions
Extractmodel fromsource code
Generateerror
traces insource
languageSchedule
andexecute checks
Compileexecutable
model check-- one perproperty
Convertformulae
to testautomata
Web-based travel service is a simple application that ..
is not as simple as it looks
IMT
RAS
Class 4Switch
IPATM
IPATM
TrunkingGateway
Access
IP LAN
ACD
IPATM
AccessGateway
Web Server Web/Push Server
VideoWeb Server
SCP
SS7
DistributedNetwork
Controllere- Tailer
CTIServer
Call Center
e-Shopper
DB
JavaApplet
GK
Several major challenges remain To achieve TINA-C objectives
Feature Interaction (and the degree of access to core network)
Next Generation Networks “Stitching” Integration– PINT– SIP
Widely-Supported Standard “Service” API’s For Application Domains– Progress with JAIN, Parlay, OSA– Business integration with the WEB world is needed
Open Telecommunications & Information Software Component Marketplace in Network Management– Group of Seven– ITU
Final