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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
-Absent last Friday?-Get 3 handouts + hand written letter-Get book
-Place Lab notebooks on shelf
-Completed Student info & Honor Code sheets?-Place in your period’s box (by door)
-Phone in the bin…muted or off….please & thank you
-I will scream sometime during this chapter
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Educational Service Trip to the Dominican Republic – July 2017 Information Meeting – Thursday, September 8th @ 6:30PM
Only 25 students can participate – all students eligible.See Mr. Bennett for more details.
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Essential Questions
LO 1.2 The student is able to evaluate evidence provided by data to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the role of natural selection in evolution.LO 1.5 The student is able to connect evolutionary changes in a population over time to a change in the environment. LO 1.9 The student is able to evaluate evidence provided by data from many scientific disciplines that support biological evolution. LO 1.10 The student is able to refine evidence based on data from many scientific disciplines that support biological evolution. LO 1.11 The student is able to design a plan to answer scientific questions regarding how organisms have changed over time using information from morphology, biochemistry and geology. LO 1.12 The student is able to connect scientific evidence from many scientific disciplines to support the modern concept of evolution. LO 1.22 The student is able to use data from a real or simulated population(s), based on graphs or models of types of selection, to predict what will happen to the population in the future.
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution? 2. What is evolution?
- Gradual heritable change over time3. What is paleontology?
- Study of fossils- Allows for relative dating – older or younger – layer found in
Grant video on beaks
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?
- Inheritance of acquired characteristics- Evolution within an organism’s lifetime – use & disuse- Examples – Blacksmith, giraffe- A twist…..epigenetic inheritance supports Lamarck
- Changes in expression w/o changes in alleles5. What was Darwin’s view?
- Descent with modification – tree of life- REPRODUCTION of the fittest - not SOTF- Story time…
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EnglandEUROPE
NORTHAMERICA
GalápagosIslands
Darwin in 1840,after his return
SOUTHAMERICA
Cape ofGood Hope
Cape Horn
Tierra del Fuego
AFRICA HMS Beagle in port
AUSTRALIA
TasmaniaNewZealand
PACIFICOCEAN
And
esATLANTICOCEAN
Figure 22.5 The voyage of HMS Beagle
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?
- Inheritance of acquired characteristics- Evolution within an organism’s lifetime – use & disuse- Examples – Blacksmith, giraffe- A twist…..epigenetic inheritance supports Lamarck
- Changes in expression w/o changes in alleles 5. What was Darwin’s view?
- Descent with modification – tree of life- REPRODUCTION of the fittest - not SOTF- Story time…..- Studied Galapagos finches
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Figure 22.6 Beak variation in Galápagos finches
(a) Cactus eater. The long,sharp beak of the cactusground finch (Geospizascandens) helps it tearand eat cactus flowersand pulp.
(c) Seed eater. The large groundfinch (Geospiza magnirostris)has a large beak adapted forcracking seeds that fall fromplants to the ground.
(b) Insect eater. The green warbler finch (Certhidea olivacea) uses itsnarrow, pointed beak to grasp insects.
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?
- Inheritance of acquired characteristics- Evolution within an organism’s lifetime – use & disuse- Examples – Blacksmith, giraffe
5. What was Darwin’s view?- Descent with modification – tree of life- REPRODUCTION of the fittest - not SOTF- Story time…..- Studied Galapagos finches- 1859 – The Origin of Species – 2 main points
- Descent with Modification (evolution) f/ common ancestor- Natural selection is the mechanism of evolution
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Figure 22.7 Descent with modification
Hyracoidea(Hyraxes)
Sirenia(Manatees
and relatives)
Yea
rs a
goM
illio
ns o
f yea
rs a
go
Dei
noth
eriu
m
Mam
mut
Steg
odon
Mam
mut
hus
Plat
ybel
odon
Bary
ther
ium
Moe
rithe
rium
Elephasmaximus
(Asia)
Loxodontaafricana(Africa)
Loxodontacyclotis(Africa)
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?5. What was Darwin’s view?6. Summarizing Darwin’s view
- Natural selection is differential reproductive success- Natural selection occurs through interactions between
the environment and the variability among individual organisms in a population
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Figure 22.9 Variation in a population
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Figure 22.11 Camouflage as an example of evolutionary adaptation
(a) A flower mantidin Malaysia
(b) A stick mantidin Africa
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?5. What was Darwin’s view?6. Summarizing Darwin’s view
- Natural selection is differential reproductive success- Natural selection occurs through interactions between
the environment and the variability among individual organisms in a population
- The product of natural selection is the adaptation of a population of organisms to their environment
7. What is artificial selection?- Selective breeding to encourage the occurrence of
desirable traits
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Figure 22.10 Artificial selection
Terminalbud
Lateralbuds
Brussels sproutsCabbage
Flowercluster Leaves
Cauliflower
Flowerandstems
Broccoli Wild mustard Kohlrabi
Stem
Kale
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Students-Student info & Honor code – place in box
-Bozeman Science videos – 1 & 2
-Crash Course Biology – 14
-Start Learning Log….cues are mandatory & they should guide you
-124 people interested in Galapagos-(48 Bennett, 45 Mercer & 31 from Reagan)-Zach Moore
-Allie Bagley
-Phones in box…muted or off…please & thank you
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?5. What was Darwin’s view?6. Summarizing Darwin’s view7. What is artificial selection?8. What is the evidence for evolution?
- Homologous structures – similar structures with different functions show signs of evolution from a common ancestor, may be vestigial organs
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Figure 22.14 Mammalian forelimbs: Homologous structures
Human Cat Whale Bat
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?5. What was Darwin’s view?6. Summarizing Darwin’s view7. What is artificial selection?8. What is the evidence for evolution?
- Homologous structures – similar structures with different functions show signs of evolution from a common ancestor, may be vestigial organs
- Comparative embryology - Pharyngeal gill slits- Post-anal tail
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Figure 22.15 Anatomical similarities in vertebrate embryos
Pharyngealpouches
Post-analtail
Chick embryo Human embryo
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?5. What was Darwin’s view?6. Summarizing Darwin’s view7. What is artificial selection?8. What is the evidence for evolution?
- Homologous structures – similar structures with different functions show signs of evolution from a common ancestor, may be vestigial organs
- Comparative embryology - Pharyngeal gill slits- Post-anal tail
- Molecular biology (e.g. DNA, protein, glycolysis)
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Figure 22.16 Comparison of a protein found in diverse vertebrates
Species
Human
Rhesus monkey
Mouse
Chicken
Frog
Lamprey14%
54%
69%
87%
95%
100%
Percent of Amino Acids That AreIdentical to the Amino Acids in aHuman Hemoglobin Polypeptide
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?5. What was Darwin’s view?6. Summarizing Darwin’s view7. What is artificial selection?8. What is the evidence for evolution?
- Homologous structures – similar structures with different functions show signs of evolution from a common ancestor, may be vestigial organs
- Comparative embryology - Pharyngeal gill slits- Post-anal tail
- Molecular biology (e.g. DNA, protein, glycolysis)- Biogeography – geographical distribution of species
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Fig. 22.17 Different geographic regions, different mammalian “brands”
Sugarglider
AUSTRALIA
NORTHAMERICA
Flyingsquirrel
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Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?5. What was Darwin’s view?6. Summarizing Darwin’s view7. What is artificial selection?8. What is the evidence for evolution?
- Homologous structures- Comparative embryology - Molecular biology- Biogeography – geographical distribution of species- Fossils
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Figure 22.18 A transitional fossil linking past and present