chapter 22: descent with modification: a darwinian view of life

Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

-Absent last Friday?-Get 3 handouts + hand written letter-Get book

-Place Lab notebooks on shelf

-Completed Student info & Honor Code sheets?-Place in your period’s box (by door)

-Phone in the bin…muted or off….please & thank you

-I will scream sometime during this chapter

Educational Service Trip to the Dominican Republic – July 2017 Information Meeting – Thursday, September 8th @ 6:30PM

Only 25 students can participate – all students eligible.See Mr. Bennett for more details.

Essential Questions

LO 1.2 The student is able to evaluate evidence provided by data to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the role of natural selection in evolution.LO 1.5 The student is able to connect evolutionary changes in a population over time to a change in the environment. LO 1.9 The student is able to evaluate evidence provided by data from many scientific disciplines that support biological evolution. LO 1.10 The student is able to refine evidence based on data from many scientific disciplines that support biological evolution. LO 1.11 The student is able to design a plan to answer scientific questions regarding how organisms have changed over time using information from morphology, biochemistry and geology. LO 1.12 The student is able to connect scientific evidence from many scientific disciplines to support the modern concept of evolution. LO 1.22 The student is able to use data from a real or simulated population(s), based on graphs or models of types of selection, to predict what will happen to the population in the future.


1. What do you know about evolution? 2. What is evolution?

- Gradual heritable change over time3. What is paleontology?

- Study of fossils- Allows for relative dating – older or younger – layer found in

Grant video on beaks

http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/origin-species-beak-finch


1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?

- Inheritance of acquired characteristics- Evolution within an organism’s lifetime – use & disuse- Examples – Blacksmith, giraffe- A twist…..epigenetic inheritance supports Lamarck

- Changes in expression w/o changes in alleles5. What was Darwin’s view?

- Descent with modification – tree of life- REPRODUCTION of the fittest - not SOTF- Story time…

EnglandEUROPE

NORTHAMERICA

GalápagosIslands

Darwin in 1840,after his return

SOUTHAMERICA

Cape ofGood Hope

Cape Horn

Tierra del Fuego

AFRICA HMS Beagle in port

AUSTRALIA

TasmaniaNewZealand

PACIFICOCEAN

And

esATLANTICOCEAN

Figure 22.5 The voyage of HMS Beagle



- Inheritance of acquired characteristics- Evolution within an organism’s lifetime – use & disuse- Examples – Blacksmith, giraffe- A twist…..epigenetic inheritance supports Lamarck

- Changes in expression w/o changes in alleles 5. What was Darwin’s view?

- Descent with modification – tree of life- REPRODUCTION of the fittest - not SOTF- Story time…..- Studied Galapagos finches

Figure 22.6 Beak variation in Galápagos finches

(a) Cactus eater. The long,sharp beak of the cactusground finch (Geospizascandens) helps it tearand eat cactus flowersand pulp.

(c) Seed eater. The large groundfinch (Geospiza magnirostris)has a large beak adapted forcracking seeds that fall fromplants to the ground.

(b) Insect eater. The green warbler finch (Certhidea olivacea) uses itsnarrow, pointed beak to grasp insects.



- Inheritance of acquired characteristics- Evolution within an organism’s lifetime – use & disuse- Examples – Blacksmith, giraffe

5. What was Darwin’s view?- Descent with modification – tree of life- REPRODUCTION of the fittest - not SOTF- Story time…..- Studied Galapagos finches- 1859 – The Origin of Species – 2 main points

- Descent with Modification (evolution) f/ common ancestor- Natural selection is the mechanism of evolution

Figure 22.7 Descent with modification

Hyracoidea(Hyraxes)

Sirenia(Manatees

and relatives)

Yea

rs a

goM

illio

ns o

f yea

rs a

go

Dei

noth

eriu

m

Mam

mut

Steg

odon

Mam

mut

hus

Plat

ybel

odon

Bary

ther

ium

Moe

rithe

rium

Elephasmaximus

(Asia)

Loxodontaafricana(Africa)

Loxodontacyclotis(Africa)


1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?5. What was Darwin’s view?6. Summarizing Darwin’s view

- Natural selection is differential reproductive success- Natural selection occurs through interactions between

the environment and the variability among individual organisms in a population

Figure 22.9 Variation in a population

Figure 22.11 Camouflage as an example of evolutionary adaptation

(a) A flower mantidin Malaysia

(b) A stick mantidin Africa


1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?5. What was Darwin’s view?6. Summarizing Darwin’s view

- Natural selection is differential reproductive success- Natural selection occurs through interactions between

the environment and the variability among individual organisms in a population

- The product of natural selection is the adaptation of a population of organisms to their environment

7. What is artificial selection?- Selective breeding to encourage the occurrence of

desirable traits

Figure 22.10 Artificial selection

Terminalbud

Lateralbuds

Brussels sproutsCabbage

Flowercluster Leaves

Cauliflower

Flowerandstems

Broccoli Wild mustard Kohlrabi

Stem

Kale

Students-Student info & Honor code – place in box

-Bozeman Science videos – 1 & 2

-Crash Course Biology – 14

-Start Learning Log….cues are mandatory & they should guide you

-124 people interested in Galapagos-(48 Bennett, 45 Mercer & 31 from Reagan)-Zach Moore

-Allie Bagley

-Phones in box…muted or off…please & thank you


1. What do you know about evolution?2. What is evolution?3. What is paleontology?4. What was Lamarck’s view?5. What was Darwin’s view?6. Summarizing Darwin’s view7. What is artificial selection?8. What is the evidence for evolution?

- Homologous structures – similar structures with different functions show signs of evolution from a common ancestor, may be vestigial organs

Figure 22.14 Mammalian forelimbs: Homologous structures

Human Cat Whale Bat




- Comparative embryology - Pharyngeal gill slits- Post-anal tail

Figure 22.15 Anatomical similarities in vertebrate embryos

Pharyngealpouches

Post-analtail

Chick embryo Human embryo





- Molecular biology (e.g. DNA, protein, glycolysis)

Figure 22.16 Comparison of a protein found in diverse vertebrates

Species

Human

Rhesus monkey

Mouse

Chicken

Frog

Lamprey14%

54%

69%

87%

95%

100%

Percent of Amino Acids That AreIdentical to the Amino Acids in aHuman Hemoglobin Polypeptide





- Molecular biology (e.g. DNA, protein, glycolysis)- Biogeography – geographical distribution of species

Fig. 22.17 Different geographic regions, different mammalian “brands”

Sugarglider

AUSTRALIA

NORTHAMERICA

Flyingsquirrel



- Homologous structures- Comparative embryology - Molecular biology- Biogeography – geographical distribution of species- Fossils

Figure 22.18 A transitional fossil linking past and present

chapter 22: descent with modification: a darwinian view of life

Documents

lamarcks view

darwinian view of lifewhat

biological evolution

darwins view

darwinian view of lifeabsent

chapter chapter

modern concept of evolution

scientific evidence