Chapter 14 Periodic Table

Classification of Elements

Periodic Trends

Classification of Elements

Dmitri Mendeleev (1871) first to organize the Periodic table well.

Electron configurations are very important in organizing the Periodic Table

All elements in the same group have the same valence electron configuration

Mendeleev Periodic Table 1871

Electron Configuration of Groups

Noble Gases – outermost s and p orbitals filledAkali Metals – outermost s has one electronAlkaline Earth Metals - outermost s has two electron (filled)Halogens – Outermost s filled, outer most p has 5 electrons

Electron Configuration of Groups

Transition Metals – Outermost s filled, d ranges from one to ten electrons

Electron Configuration of Groups

Describe each of the following in terms of valence electrons:Group 13Group 14Group 15Group 16

Periodic Trends

Periodic Trends

Atomic Radius Increases as you move down a groupDecreases as you move from left to right

across a period

Periodic Trends

Ionization Energy Generally increases across a periodGenerally decreases down a group

Periodic Trends

ElectronegativityDecreases as you move down a group Increases as you move from left to right

across a period

Periodic Trends

Ionic Size Increases as you move down a groupCations decrease as you move from left to

right across a periodAnions increase as you move from left to

right across a period