Chapter 11.4 War of 1812, Day 2

• The USS Constitution’s triumph over the HMS Guerriere shocked many observers • Everyone expected the

British to sweep the U.S. Navy from the seas…

• Then, Britain sent the rest of their Navy…– Let Round 2 begin.

Early Naval Battles America responds the only way we could

• Although the U.S. Navy had only 6 ships, – We can hire privateers of

our own!

– 1812-1813• America keeps British

Navy away from the east coast– Force them up towards

Canada

» Is there away into America through Canada?

Battle for the Great Lakes

• Pres. Madison wanted to keep control of the Great Lakes– Easiest Way?

• Invade Canada!! – Make it part of America.

– How does that go? • Horrible!

– Battle of Queenston Heights» We lose to

Canadians and the British!!!

Battle of Lake Erie

• Though we lost in Niagara– We do manage to burn

down the capital of Canada • City called York

– This really makes England mad!

• England chases us into Lake Erie– Let the next battle begin…

Battle of Lake Erie

• USS Lawrence led by Oliver Hazard Perry

Vs. HMS Queen Charlotte

• September 10,1813– 3 hours later

• We win! – Take control of the

Great Lakes!

The war moves into the Frontier• William Henry Harrison is

going to go on the offensive– Chases Indians into

Canada• Finds the British waiting to

help the Indians

• Battle of the Thames River (October 1813)– Harrison leads cavalry

charge into British lines» Attack works» Kills hundreds

including Tecumseh

We finish the Removal of the Indians

• 1813– General Andrew Jackson

wants to eliminate the Indians from the South• Battle of Horseshoe Bend

– Modern day Alabama» Jackson murders

most of the Indians he finds

» Eventually Chief Red Eagle surrenders.

Meanwhile, the British are on the move

• April 1814– France surrenders to

England

• They move the 20,000 troops into USA– First stop…Washington,

DC• Why?

– To burn down our capital!

– Next, Baltimore, MD and Fort McHenry

“Oh Say Can you See”• For 25 hours

– The British Navy bombs Ft. McHenry relentlesly

– Why? • To get us to give up.

• Instead, – We refuse to surrender

• British run out of ammunition and leave the city.

• Francis Scott Key wrote about seeing the flag the next morning…– Star Spangled Banner

Britain gives up on America

• December 24, 1814– Treaty of Ghent

• England agrees to end the war.– England gets nothing.– USA gets rid of England.

• Meanwhile….in New Orleans.

Battle of New Orleans• Gen. Andrew Jackson did not

hear there was a peace treaty signed– Neither did British army in New

Orleans• So they attacked us!

– UK = 5,300 men– USA = 4,500 men

• We destroy them in the open field– Kill 2,000 British troops– We lose only 70!

• Andrew Jackson becomes a national hero!!

Review Questions

• How did the US even the numbers against the British Navy?

• Who was the captain of the ship that won the Battle of Lake Erie?

• Why did Britain burn down the White House?

• What battle took place after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent?