Transcript

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INternationalobservationalstudyToUnderstandtheimpactandBEstpracticesofairwaymanagementincriticallyillpatientsStudyacronymidentifier:INTUBE

CASEREPORTFORM(v1.2–30.09.18)SITEINFORMATION(tobecompletedonlywithscreeningofthe1stpatient) CentreIDnumber:______________LocalPrincipalInvestigator'sfirstname____________________________________________LocalPrincipalInvestigator'slastname_____________________________________________Local(2nd)Investigator'sfirstname________________________________________________Local(2nd)Investigator'slastname_________________________________________________Typeofhospital☐ Academic/University ☐ Non academicIsyourhospitalatraumacentre(i.e.referralcentrefortraumainyourgeographicalarea)?☐ YES ☐ NO IsaMedicalEmergencyTeam(MET)presentinyourhospital?(Ateamalertedincaseofdeteriorationofoneormorevitalsign)☐ YES ☐ NO Isaprotocolforairwaymanagementincriticallyillpatientspresentinyourhospital? ☐ YES ☐ NO

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Isanemergencyairwaymanagementchecklistpresentinyourhospital?☐ YES ☐ NO Isadifficultairwaytrolleyroutinelypresentinyourhospital(attheintubationsite)?☐ YES ☐ NO Howmanyintensivecareunits(ICUs)doyouhaveinyourhospital?__________________________Howmany(total)ICUbedsdoyouhaveinyourhospital?______________________________________Howmanyendotrachealintubationsincriticallyillpatientsareapproximatelyperformedinyourhospital(ICU,ED,wardareas)inaweek?___________________________SCREENINGInclusioncriteriaIspatient'sageequalorhigherthan18years?☐ YES ☐ NO Isthepatientcriticallyill?(i.e.withalife-threateningconditionrequiringendotrachealintubationforcardio-respiratoryfailureand/orairwayprotection)☐ YES ☐ NO Wasthepatientintubatedinhospital?☐ YES ☐ NO ExclusioncriteriaWasthepatientintubatedONLYforreceivinggeneralanethesia?(e.g.generalanesthesiaforscheduledmajorsurgery)

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☐ YES ☐ NO Wasintubationperformedforcardiacarrest?☐ YES ☐ NO Ifallthecriteriaweremet,isthepatientfinallyenrolledinthestudy? ☐ YES ☐ NO IfNO,reasonsfornotenrolment:☐ Local investigator not present during the event ☐ Treating physician’s decision ☐ Lack of any form of required informed consent ☐ Other, specify ___________________________________________

1.ENROLLMENT Patient’s ID number: ________________ Date of hospital admission: ______(DD)/_______(MM)/_______(YY) Date of intubation: ______(DD)/______(MM)/______(YY) Time of intubation: (HH:MM) _____: _____ am ☐ pm ☐ Informed consent required? YES ☐ NO ☐ (Choose no if waived by local EC) If required, was consent obtained? YES � NO � If yes, date of informed consent: _______/_______/_______

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2.DEMOGRAPHICANDCLINICALCHARACTERISTICS Sex: M☐ F☐ Birth year:________________ Age: ______________ Height: _________________ inch ☐ cm ☐ Weight: _________________ lbs ☐ Kg ☐ Comorbidities (check all that apply): ☐ Asthma ☐ COPD ☐ Diabetes Mellitus ☐ Solid neoplasm ☐ Metastatic ☐ Non-metastatic ☐ Unknown ☐ Hematologic malignancy ☐ Heart failure (NYHA III-IV) ☐ Ischemic heart disease ☐ Arterial hypertension ☐ Renal failure ☐ Chronic liver failure ☐ Neuromuscular disease ☐ OSAS (with use of nocturnal CPAP ☐; without use of nocturnal CPAP ☐) ☐ Interstitial lung disease ☐ Respiratory infection < 30 days ago ☐ Other, please specify___________________________ ☐ None 3.INTUBATIONSETTING Placeofintubation ☐IntensiveCareUnit(ICU)☐EmergencyDepartment(ED)☐Wardareas☐Other,specify________________________________________ Didyoutransferthepatientfromanotherplacetoperformintubation?YES☐NO☐For intubation performed in the ICU: Admission source:

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☐EmergencyDepartment(ED)☐Medicalward☐SurgicalWard☐Operatingroom/recoveryroom☐OtherICUfromthesamehospital☐Otherhospital☐Other,pleasespecify:___________________ For intubation performed in the ED: Admission source: ☐ Emergency Medical Service/Helicopter Emergency Medical Service ☐ Home (with private vehicle transport) ☐ Long-term care facility ☐ Other hospital ☐ Other, please specify: ___________________ For intubation performed in a ward: Please specify if ☐ medical ward ☐ surgical ward Admission source: ☐ Emergency Department ☐ Other ward ☐ Operating room ☐ ICU ☐ Other, please specify______________________ HasthepatientbeenpreviouslyintubatedduringTHIShospitaladmission? ☐ YES ☐ NO MAINReasonfornewintubation(checkthemainreason): ☐Respiratoryfailure☐Airwayobstruction☐Cardiovascularinstability☐Neurologicalimpairment☐Other,specify_______________________________________ Incaseofreintubation:

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Specify the date of extubation: _____/_____/_____ Extubationperformedinoperatingroom?☐YES☐NO MAINreasonforreitubation(checkthemainreason):☐Respiratoryfailure☐Airwayobstruction☐Cardiovascularinstability☐Self–extubation☐Neurologicalimpairment☐Inadequatereversalofneuromuscularblock☐Other,specify____________________________________Degreeofemergencyofendotrachealintubation(ETI)☐Intubationrequiredwithoutanydelay☐Intubationrequiredin<1hour☐Intubationrequiredin≥1hourAnticipated("anatomical")difficultairwaymanagement?☐ YES ☐ NO ☐ EvaluationnotperformedPredictorsofdifficultairwaymanagement☐ Mallampati score III-IV ☐ Reduced mouth opening (< 3 cm) ☐ Short neck ☐ Neck stiffness ☐ Facial trauma ☐ Need of cervical spine immobilization ☐ High-risk of full stomach ☐ Prograthism (abnormal anterior position of the mandible) ☐ Retrognathia (abnormal posterior position of the mandible) ☐ Large tongue ☐ Beard ☐ Obesity ☐ Other, specify ________________________________________________

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4.PATIENT’SPARAMETERSBEFOREINTUBATIONSystolicbloodpressure(lastavailablebeforepreoxygenationstart):______________________mmHgDiastolicbloodpressure(lastavailablebeforepreoxygenationstart):_____________________mmHgHeartrate(lastavailablebeforepreoxygenationstart):_______________________________/minRespiratoryrate(lastavailablebeforepreoxygenationstart:________________________/minSpO2%(lastavailablebeforepreoxygenationstart):__________________________%Bodytemperatureavailable(lastavailablebeforepreoxygenationstart)☐ YES ☐ NO Bodytemperature:_______________________________☐ °C ☐ °F Needofvasopressor/inotropesupport?(beforepreoxygenationstart) ☐ YES ☐ NO Specifyallinotropes/vasopressorsthatapply: ☐ Norepinephrine;rateofinfusion: ________________________________mcg/Kg/min☐ Epinephrine;rateofinfusion: __________________________________mcg/Kg/min ☐ Dopamine;rateofinfusion: ____________________________________mcg/Kg/min ☐ Dobutamine;rateofinfusion: __________________________________mcg/Kg/min ☐ Other;pleasespecify:___________________rateofinfusion:________________________mcg/Kg/min Fluidloadadministeredinthelast30minutesbeforeintubation? YES ☐ NO ☐ Specifytotalvolume______________________ml Arterialbloodgasanalysisavailable?(lastavailablebeforepreoxygenationstart)?YES ☐ NO ☐ SpecifyFiO2%_____________________%PaO2_____________________________☐ mmHg☐ kPa

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PaCO2_____________________________☐ mmHg☐ kPaPH______________________________HCO3-(mEq/L-mmol/L)__________________________Baseexcess(BE)__________________________________Lactate(mmol/L)________________________________Ongoingrespiratorysupport(e.g.O2,CPAP,NIVBEFOREstartofpreoxygenation)?YES ☐ NO ☐ Typeofrespiratorysupport ☐ Standardoxygen☐ Highflownasalcannula(HFNC)☐ Continiuospositiveairwaypressure(CPAP)☐Noninvasivepositivepressureventilation(NPPV) Isthepatientreceivingoxygenbeforeintubation?YES☐NO☐ Ifyes,pleasespecifytheoxygenflow:___________L/minAndthedeliverysystem:☐Nasalcannula☐High-flownasalcannula(Specifytotalflow_______L/min;SpecifyFiO2:_________%)☐Facemask ☐withO2reservoir☐withoutO2reservoir☐Venturisystem(SpecifyO2flow___________L/min;SpecifyFiO2:_____________%)☐Other,pleasespecify___________________________IsthepatientreceivingCPAP?YES☐NO☐Ifyes,specifytheCPAPlevel:________________cmH2OSpecifytheFiO2:____________%Specifytheinterface:☐Helmet

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☐Oronasal☐Fullface☐Nasal☐Other,pleasespecify_______________IsthepatientreceivingNPPV?YES☐NO☐IfYES,Pleasespecifythepressuresupportadministered:PS___________cmH20SpecifythePEEPlevel:_____________cmH2OSpecifytheFiO2:____________%Specifytheinterface:☐Helmet☐Oronasal☐Fullface☐Nasal☐Other,pleasespecify___________________Glasgow Coma Scale Eye opening response: _________ (1-4) Best verbal response: __________(1-5) Best motor response: ___________(1-6) Laboratory data (last available before preoxygenation start) White blood cell available? YES ☐ NO ☐ If YES, specify ___________________(×103/µl) Platelet count available? YES ☐ NO ☐ If YES, specify ___________________(×103/µl)

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Bilirubin level available? YES ☐ NO ☐ If YES, specify ___________________ μmol/L☐ mg/dL☐ Creatinine level available? YES ☐ NO ☐ If YES, specify ___________________μmol/L☐ mg/dL☐ BUN level available? YES ☐ NO ☐ If YES, specify ___________________ μmol/L☐ mg/dL☐ Sodium level available? YES ☐ NO ☐ If YES, specify ____________mEq/L - mmol/L Potassium level available? YES ☐ NO ☐ If YES, specify ____________mEq/L – mmol/L Chest X-ray or CT scan available? YES ☐ NO ☐ If YES, Chest X-ray or CT scan findings (check all that apply): ☐ Normal lung fields ☐ Pleural effusion ☐ Monolateral lung opacity ☐ Bilateral lung opacities ☐ Pulmonary contunsion ☐ Rib fracture(s) ☐ Pneumothorax ☐ Hemothorax

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☐ Other, please specify: ___________________ 5.INTUBATIONPROCEDUREPreparationDidyouapplytheprotocolforairwaymanagementofcriticallyillpatientsofyourhospital?☐ YES☐NO☐NotavailableDidyouperformtheemergencyairwaychecklistofyourinstitution?☐ YES☐NO☐NotavailableWasadifficultairwaytrolleypresentinyourinstitution(attheintubationsite)?☐ YES☐NO☐Notavailable Monitoringselectedduringtheintubationprocedure(checkallthatapply): ☐ ECG(3or5leads)☐ SpO2☐ Noninvasivebloodpressure☐ Invasivebloodpressure☐ Waveformcapnography☐Capnometry☐ Other__________________________________ Preoxygenation PreoxygenationSTARTtime(specifytheprecisetimeintermsofhoursandminute,i.e.10:32)________:_______(HH:MM)

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Patientpositionduringpreoxygenation ☐ Supineposition☐ Beachchairposition☐ 20°head-upposition☐ 30–45°head-upposition ☐ Rampposition☐ Trendelemburgposition☐ ReverseTrendelemburgposition☐ Other,pleasespecify:____________________________ Elective method of preoxygenation Deviceusedforpreoxygenation:☐ Bag valve mask. O2 flow ________ L/min. O2 reservoir available YES ☐ NO ☐ ☐ Standard facemask O2 flow ________ L/min. O2 reservoir available YES ☐ NO ☐ ☐ Venturi mask O2 flow ________ L/min. FiO2 ________% ☐ Nasal cannula (standard)

O2 flow ________ L/min ☐ High-flow oxygen nasal cannula Total flow ________L/min. FiO2 ________% ☐ CPAP CPAP level _________cmH2O. FiO2 ________% Specify the interface:

☐ Helmet ☐ Oronasal ☐ Full face ☐ Nasal ☐ Other, please specify_______________

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☐ NPPV PS __________cmH2O. PEEP_______cmH2O. FiO2 ________%

Specify the interface:

☐ Helmet ☐ Oronasal ☐ Full face ☐ Nasal ☐ Other, please specify_______________

☐ Other, please specify_____________________ O2 _________L/min SpecifySpO2attheendofpreoxygenationforthefirstattempt:__________________% Oxygenadministrationduringlaryngoscopy/fiberoscopy(apneicoxygenation)?☐ YES☐NO O2administrationduringlaryngoscopy/fiberoscopy(apneicoxygenation)? YES ☐ NO ☐ IfYES,pleasespecifythemethod: ☐ Standardnasalcannula☐ Highflownasalcannula(HFNC)☐ Facemask(withfiberopticport)☐Helmet(withfiberopticport)☐ Other__________________________________ Drugs Rapidsequenceinductionapplied?(avoidanceofpositivepressureventilation,rapidonsetmusclerelaxantuse,cricoidpressure)YES ☐ NO ☐ Drugsused(checkallthatapply): ☐ Awakeintubation

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☐Lidocainespray ☐ Propofol___________mg ☐ Thiopental__________mg ☐ Midazolam_________mg☐ Ketamine__________mg ☐ Etomidate_________mg ☐ Succinilcoline_________mg ☐ Rocuronium___________mg☐ Vecuronium___________mg☐ Cisatracurium__________mg ☐ Fentanyl___________ ☐ mg ☐ µg ☐ Remifentanil ___________ ☐mg ☐ µg ☐ Sufentanil___________ ☐mg ☐ µg ☐ Alfentanil ___________☐ mg ☐ µg ☐ Morphine _____________mg ☐ Others,pleasespecify: __________________________ Laryngoscopyandendotrachealintubation 1stlaryngoscopySTARTtime(specifytheprecisetimeintermsofhoursandminute,i.e.10:32)_______:________(HH:MM)Cricoidpressureapplied?☐ YES ☐ NO

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Electivemethod/deviceforlaryngoscopy ☐ DirectlaryngoscopywithMacintoshblade☐ DirectlaryngoscopywithMillerblade☐ Videolaryngoscopy ☐ Macintosh–typeblade ☐ Hyperangulatedblade☐ Fiberoptic ☐ standard ☐ throughtheCPAP/NIVinterface ☐ throughasupraglotticairway☐Other,specify _________________________________________ Useofanyintubationadjuct(e.g.bougie,stylet)forthefirstattempt ☐ YES ☐ NO If yes: ☐ Bougie☐ Stylet☐ Other,specify___________________________Totalnumberoflaryngoscopicattempts_____________________________________(laryngoscopein-laryngoscopeoutfrompatient'smonth)Endotrachealintubationfinallyobtained?☐ YES ☐ NOTypeofintubation☐Orotracheal ☐ NasotrachealOesophagealintubationduringatleast1attempt?☐ YES ☐ NOPreoxygenationperformedbetweenmultiplelarygoscopicattempts?☐ YES ☐ NOSuccessfulmethod/deviceforlaryngoscopy ☐ DirectlaryngoscopywithMacintoshblade☐ DirectlaryngoscopywithMillerblade☐ Videolaryngoscopy ☐ Macintosh–typeblade ☐ Hyperangulatedblade☐ Fiberoptic ☐ standard ☐ throughtheCPAP/NIVinterface ☐ throughasupraglotticairway☐Other,specify _________________________________________ Useofanyintubationadjuct(e.g.bougie,stylet)forthesuccessfulattempt

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☐ YES ☐ NO If yes: ☐ Bougie☐ Stylet☐ Other,specify___________________________ ENDoflastlaryngoscopytime(i.econfirmedendotrachealintubation)(specifytheprecisetimeintermsofhoursandminute,i.e.10:32)__________:___________(HH:MM)Laryngoscopicview(Cormack-Lehane)☐ I☐ II☐ III☐ IVLowestSpO2%valueregisteredduringthewholeprocedure(1storfollowingattempts)___________%Firstmethodusedtoconfirmendotrachealintubation:☐ Waveformcapnography☐Capnometry☐ ColorimetricCO2detection ☐ Auscultation ☐ ChestX-ray ☐ Fiberoscopy☐ None☐ Other,pleasespecify___________________Whatdidhappenafterthefailedintubation?(Specifythelastevent/intervention)☐ Supraglotticairwayinsertion☐ Cricothyroidotomy☐ Percutaneustracheostomy☐ Surgicaltracheostomy☐ Cannotintubatecannotoxygenatescenario☐ Other____________________________________

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Operator’strainingSpecifytotalnumberofoperatorsinvolvedintheprocedureofendotrachealintubation_________________________Operatorperformingthe1stattempt☐ Medicalstudent☐ Resident☐ Fellow☐ Staffphysician/consultant☐ Other______________________________Specifythefieldoftrainingoftheoperatorperformingthe1stattempt:☐ AnesthesiaandIntensiveCare☐ CriticalCare/IntensiveCare☐ EmergencyMedicine☐ InternalMedicine☐ PulmonaryMedicine☐ PulmonaryandCriticalCareMedicine☐ Surgery☐ Other_________________________________N°intubation(s)/weekoftheoperatorperformingthe1stattempt:☐ ≤1intubation/week☐ 2-5intubations/week☐6–10intubations/week☐ 11–20intubations/week ☐ >20intubations/weekIstheoperatorperformingthesuccessfulattemptthesameastheoperatorperformingthe1stattempt? ☐ YES ☐ NOOperatorperformingthesuccessfulattempt: ☐ Medicalstudent☐ Resident☐ Fellow

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☐ Staffphysician/consultant☐ Other______________________________Specifythefieldoftrainingoftheoperatorperformingthesuccessfulattempt:☐ AnesthesiaandIntensiveCare☐ CriticalCare/IntensiveCare☐ EmergencyMedicine☐ InternalMedicine☐ PulmonaryMedicine☐ PulmonaryandCriticalCareMedicine☐ Surgery☐ Other_________________________________ N°intubation(s)/weekoftheoperatorperformingthesuccessfulattempt:☐ ≤1intubation/week☐ 2-5intubations/week☐6–10intubations/week☐ 11–20intubations/week ☐ >20intubations/week 6.OUTCOMEOFINTUBATION Lowestsystolicbloodpressureafterintubation(within30minutesfromtheprocedure)available? ☐ YES ☐ NO IfYes______________mmHg Systolicbloodpressure<90mmHgwaspresentformorethan30minutes? ☐ YES ☐ NO Lowestdiastolicbloodpressureafterintubation(within30minutesfromtheprocedure)available? ☐ YES ☐ NO IfYes______________mmHg

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Heartrateafterintubation(within30minutesfromtheprocedure)available? ☐ YES ☐ NO IfYes______________/minNeedofnew/increaseofvasopressors/inotropesafterintubation? ☐ YES ☐ NO Specifyallinotropes/vasopressorsthatapply: ☐ Norepinephrine;rateofinfusion: ________________________________mcg/Kg/min☐ Epinephrine;rateofinfusion: __________________________________mcg/Kg/min ☐ Dopamine;rateofinfusion: ____________________________________mcg/Kg/min ☐ Dobutamine;rateofinfusion: __________________________________mcg/Kg/min ☐ Other;pleasespecify:___________________rateofinfusion:________________________mcg/Kg/min Fluidloadadministeredafterintubation(within30minutesfromtheprocedure)? YES ☐ NO ☐ Totalvolumeofadministeredfluidafterintubation(within30minutesfromtheprocedure)__________________ml Arterialbloodgasanalysisavailableaftertheprocedure?(within1hour) YES ☐ NO ☐ SpecifyFiO2%_____________________%PEEP(cmH2O)__________________________PaO2_____________________________☐ mmHg☐ kPaPaCO2_____________________________☐ mmHg☐ kPaPH______________________________

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HCO3-(mEq/L-mmol/L)__________________________Baseexcess(BE)__________________________________Lactate(mmol/L)________________________________AdverseeventsNewonsetcardiacarrhythmia(within30minutesfromintubation)?YES ☐ NO ☐ Ifyes: ☐ Atrialfibrillation☐ Ventriculartachycardia☐ Other_________________________________ Cardiacarrest(within30minutesfromintubation) YES ☐ NO ☐ If YES, ☐ withreturnofspontaneouscirculation(ROSC) ☐ withdeath Specifythesupposedmainreasonforcardiacarrestdevelopment:☐ Hypoxia☐ Hypovolemia/Hemodynamiccollapse☐ Hypo/-hyperkalemia☐ Tensionpneumothorax☐ Cardiactamponade☐ Thromosis(coronaryorpulmonary)☐ Toxins☐ Other_____________________________Aspirationofgastriccontents(detectedwithin24hrsfromintubation)?(Inhalationofgastriccontentsintothelarynxandtherespiratorytract)YES ☐ NO ☐ Dentalinjuryduetoairwaymanagement?(Anynotablechangetothepatient'sdentitionattributabletotheprocedureofendotrachealintubation)YES ☐ NO ☐

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Airwaysinjuryduetoairwaymanagement(detectedwithin24hrsfromintubation)?(Anydetectable/clinicallyrelevantairwaysinjuryattributabletotheendotrachealintubationprocedure,e.g.bleeding,trachealtear/laceration)YES ☐ NO ☐ Specifythetypeofairwaysinjury:☐ Tracheallaceration☐ Bronchiallaceration☐ Laryngeallaceration☐ Other________________________________ Detectionofpneumothoraxwithin24hrsfromintubation? YES ☐ NO ☐ Detectionofpneumo-mediastinumwithin24hrsfromintubation? YES ☐ NO ☐ 7.STATUSATICUDISCHARGEDateofICUdischarge__________:_________(HH:MM) StatusatICUdischarge ☐ Dead☐ Alive☐ Other___________________________


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