Cardiovascular Emergencies
When to call a Doctor…
Angina
• How do you say it?
• What is it?
Stable Angina
• Chronic condition due to fixed blockage
• Tends to not change in pattern over time
• Change in pattern may be a warning sign
Unstable Angina
• Acute process due to progressive blockage, often due to blood clot
• Pain at rest with minimal activity
• Good reason for an ER visit!
New Onset Angina
• Stable versus Unstable
• Another good reason to call the Doctor or visit the ER
Nitroglycerin
• May be used to relieve Anginal attacks
• Directions for use may vary
Heart Attack
• Totally blocked vessel• Discomfort at rest• Associated symptoms• Uncertainty is normal• EMS transport
Heart Attack Diagnosis
• History
• EKG
• Blood Tests
Cardiac Arrest
• Sudden loss of consciousness
• Summon EMS
• AED
Stroke
• Brain Attack
• Causes may vary:– Atherosclerosis– Blood clot– Bleeding
Symptoms of Stroke
• Sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm or leg
• Confusion/difficulty of speech• Vision loss in one or both eyes• Loss of balance or coordination• Sudden severe headache
Stroke
• If symptoms- contact EMS immediately
• Treatment is dependent upon a strict time frame
Peripheral Vascular Disease
• Much like Angina can be acute or chronic
Peripheral Vascular Disease
• Chronic Stable PVD can cause claudication
• Cramping (usually of legs) with activity
• Various treatments are available
Peripheral Vascular Disease
• Acute occlusion can occur
• The three P’s– Pain– Pallor– Pulselessness
• Summon EMS