Cardiovascular Emergencies

When to call a Doctor…

Angina

• How do you say it?

• What is it?

Stable Angina

• Chronic condition due to fixed blockage

• Tends to not change in pattern over time

• Change in pattern may be a warning sign

Unstable Angina

• Acute process due to progressive blockage, often due to blood clot

• Pain at rest with minimal activity

• Good reason for an ER visit!

New Onset Angina

• Stable versus Unstable

• Another good reason to call the Doctor or visit the ER

Nitroglycerin

• May be used to relieve Anginal attacks

• Directions for use may vary

Heart Attack

• Totally blocked vessel• Discomfort at rest• Associated symptoms• Uncertainty is normal• EMS transport

Heart Attack Diagnosis

• History

• EKG

• Blood Tests

Cardiac Arrest

• Sudden loss of consciousness

• Summon EMS

• AED

Stroke

• Brain Attack

• Causes may vary:– Atherosclerosis– Blood clot– Bleeding

Symptoms of Stroke

• Sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm or leg

• Confusion/difficulty of speech• Vision loss in one or both eyes• Loss of balance or coordination• Sudden severe headache

Stroke

• If symptoms- contact EMS immediately

• Treatment is dependent upon a strict time frame

Peripheral Vascular Disease

• Much like Angina can be acute or chronic

Peripheral Vascular Disease

• Chronic Stable PVD can cause claudication

• Cramping (usually of legs) with activity

• Various treatments are available

Peripheral Vascular Disease

• Acute occlusion can occur

• The three P’s– Pain– Pallor– Pulselessness

• Summon EMS