Building a Theme Pavilion for the Continent AfricaGroup III Soumodip Paul
12AR10046Harshil Pansare 12AR10033
Kartik Verma 12AR10022
Major Contents of the Project• Initial Data Analysis
I) Site Analysis II) Climate Study
III) Wind IV) Site Zoning
• Study and Concept
I) Proximity Analysis II) Flow Chart
III) Case Study IV) Area Programming
• Concept in Brief
I) Spatial Concept II) Structural Concept
III) Circulation Concept IV) Climatic Concept
V) Energy Conscious Concept VI) User Behavior Concept
• Final Sheets and Descriptions
I) Plans II) Elevation
III) Section IV) 3-Dimensional Views
Site Analysis
• The Site Location is Kolkata
• Total Site Area= 100m * 70m = 7000 sq. m
• Floor Area Ratio = 2.5
• Maximum Ground Coverage = 40%
• Setback for the Site Front :6m Sides:3.5m
SiteLake
Road
Site Analysis
• The Presence of Road on the South-Eastern Side of the Site acts a main source of noise. Thus ,the area facing in front of it must have a buffer zone like parking and landscaping to reduce the effect of noise to the main Pavilion.
• Presence of Lake on the South Western side adds to the beauty of the Site . Placement of Cafeteria with a possible view of the lake can define the space well as it also helps to check the humidity from entering directly to the Pavilion.
SiteLake
Road
Noise Noise
Hum
idity
Hum
idity
Climatic Study
• Kolkata has a Tropical wet-and-dry climate.
• Humidity is the most determining factor which affects most of the things in design.
• Because of it , any Structure in this region needs good ventilation to overcome the side-effects of humidity.
• The annual mean temperature is 24.8 °C (80 °F); monthly mean temperatures range from 15 °C to 30 °C (59 °F to 86 °F).
• Summers are hot and humid with temperatures in the low 30's and during dry spells the maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) during May and June.
Climatic Study
• As seen in the figure , the sun-path along the East and West Region has posed maximum sunlight over there.
• The region needs to be protected/shaded from sunlight in order to reduce the maximum heat gain in the Structure.
• Use of solar panels along the region can also be proved effective.
Sun-path Diagram
Winds
• As seen in the figure , the sun-path along the East South and South West Region is the main direction of wind flow.
• This Region needs to have more opening in order to allow cross ventilation to reduce the effects of humid climate.
Road
Site
Lake
Planning & Design Recommendations:
• Minimize or reduce West faced glazing in order to reduce summer and fall afternoon heat gain.
• Window overhangs (designed for this latitude) or operable sunshades (extend in summer, retract in winter) can reduce or eliminate air conditioning.
• In this climate air conditioning will always be required, but can be greatly reduced if building design minimizes overheating.
• Orient most of the glass to the north, shaded by vertical fins, in very hot climates, if there are essentially no passive solar needs.
Planning & Design Recommendations:
• A whole-house fan or natural ventilation can store nighttime ‘ coolth ' in high mass interior surfaces, thus reducing or eliminating air conditioning .
• Good natural ventilation can reduce or eliminate air conditioning in warm weather, if windows are well shaded and oriented to prevailing breezes.
• Traditional homes in hot humid climates used light weight construction with open able walls and shaded outdoor porches, raised above ground .
• Use plant materials (ivy, bushes, trees) especially on the west to shade the structure (if summer rains support native plant growth).
Planning & Design Recommendations:• Use light colored building materials and cool roofs (with high
emissivity) to minimize conducted heat gain.
• Screened porches and patios can provide comfort cooling by ventilation and prevent insect problems.
• High mass interior surfaces like stone, brick, tile, or slate, feel naturally cool on hot days and can reduce day-to-night temperature swings.
• A radiant barrier (shiny foil) will help reduce radiated heat gain through the roof in hot climates.
Zoning
The Site which is 100m X 70m is divided into 4 main zone-each has a defined characteristics based on the environment nearby . They are as follows:
• Zone A
• Zone B
• Zone C
• Zone D
Zoning
Zone A
• Noise Pollution is prevalent in the area . So it can act as a buffer zone between the main pavilion and roadside noise.
• Immediate access to site
Zone A consists of Parking , Shops etc
Zoning
Zone B
• Pleasant View of the Lake.
• Cool Breeze Coming from the lake side.
• Humidity High due to Lake .There is a need to check it.
Zone B consists of Cafeteria , Sitting Area , Outdoors etc
Zoning
Zone C
• Contains Services and Administrative Zone
• Needs good Connectivity /Access to outside and other environments.
Zone C consists of Office Spaces, Server Rooms, Electrical Services, Security services, Parking etc
Zoning
Zone D
• Noise Pollution is very less as compared to other zone , thus main activity can be concentrated here.
• View to Lake from Higher Levels.
Zone D consists of Exhibition Areas,Main Building Area.
Study and ConceptsProximity Analysis
The whole site contains 4 zones – Zone A , Zone B , Zone C and Zone D. • Zone A- Parking Spaces(Including public parking only).
• Zone B-Cafeteria , Sitting Area ,Outdoor including landscaping . It is also adjacent to Zone B , as it comes at the exit of it and also well connected to Zone A.
• Zone C-Administrative Offices(Includes Director’s Room and Office),Services Room like Electrical Room , Maintenance Workshop, Toilet for Public and Parking for Office Staff . This zone is well adjacent to Zone D, as it is needed not only for convenience for Office staff but also will be a great help in case of Fire/Emergency.
• Zone D-It contains the main Exhibition Area and Main Building Area . It is adjacent to Zone B and Zone C ,and connected to Zone A . But Its gallery has been divided into 3 Groups:
I. Geography Section II. Arts and Culture Section III. History Section Apart from these three components , this Zone also incorporates Outdoor Exhibits , Library and some Shops.
Study and Concepts Proximity AnalysisGeneral Lobby
Ticket Counter
Exhibition-Geography
Exhibition History
Exhibition-Arts and Culture
Library
Repair Workshop
Stores Cafeteria Electrical Room
Generator’s Room
OutdoorExhibits
Sit-outs
ParkingServices
ParkingPublic
Toilet
General Lobby
Ticket Counter 4Exhibition-Geography 4 4Exhibition-History 3 2 2Exhibition-Arts and Culture
1 1 4 2
Library 1 1 2 3 2Repair Workshop 2 2 4 2 2 1Stores 3 3 1 2 2 4 1Cafeteria 2 3 1 3 2 3 1 4Electrical Room 2 2 3 1 2 1 4 1 1Generator’s Room 2 2 3 1 2 1 4 1 1 4OutdoorExhibits 1 2 1 3 2 3 1 3 3 1 1
Sit-outs 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 3 4 1 1 1ParkingServices 2 3 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 3 1 1ParkingPublic 2 3 3 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 3 1Toilet 4 3 4 2 2 2 2 3 4 2 2 2 2 1 1
1-Very Less Connected2-Partially Connected3-Well Connected4-Adjacent
Study and ConceptsArea Programming
Zone A
Unit Area Quantity Total Area
Public Parking
Net Area
Zone B
Unit Area Quantity Total Area
Cafeteria
Sitting Area
Net Area
Zone C
Unit Area Quantity Total Area
Director's Room
Director’s Office
Electrical Room
Maintenance Workshop
Office Toilet
Services Parking
Public Toilet
Net Area
Study and ConceptsArea Programming
Zone D
Unit Area Quantity Total Area
Geography Section
Arts and Culture Section
History Section
Outdoor Exhibits
Library
Shops
Cloak Room
Ticket Counter
Lobby
Net Area
Total area= value sq. m
Built Up area= value sq. m
Ground Coverage= value %
Floor area Ratio= value
Study and Concepts Flow Chart
Site EntranceParking
Entrance Lobby
Administration
Service Entrance
General Store
Mini Workshop
Display AreasSecurity & Monitoring
Toilets
Server/Generator/Electrical
Room
Mini Library
Continue
The Connectivity between the different spaces is shown here:
Study and Concepts Flow ChartThe Connectivity between the different spaces is shown here:
Continue
Cafeteria and Food Court
Sales Counter
Sales Counter
Study and Concepts Case Study
Seed Cathedral : Shanghai World Expo 2010
The UK pavilion at Expo 2010, colloquially known as the Seed Cathedral, was a sculpture structure built by a nine member conglomeration of British business and government resources directed by designer Thomas Heather wick. It referenced the race to save seeds from round the world in banks, and housed 250,000 plant seeds at the end of 60,000 acrylic rods, held in place by geometrically-cut holes with the rods inserted therein.The structure stood where it was built, at a cost of £25 million, in Shanghai for the 2010 World Expo and won the BIE gold award for best pavilion design.The cathedral's architecture was an elaboration of Heather wick's 2003 work of the Sitooterie II in Essex, United Kingdom.The UK Pavilion catered to over 100 public and private sector events, hundreds of VIP and dignitary visits and over seven million general public visitors during the 6 months of Expo.
• Location : Shanghai
• Host Country : China
• Concerned Country : United Kingdom
Study and Concepts Case StudySeed Cathedral : Shanghai World Expo 2010: Theme
“Better City , Better Life”This was the theme that was set for Shanghai World Expo 2010,and the UK Pavilion was better known as “The Seed’s Cathedral”. It aims to showcase Shanghai as a major world financial and cultural Centre.The UK's contribution to the Expo is a Pavilion designed by Thomas Heather wick, whose centerpiece "Seed Cathedral" is a six- storey cube-like structure, pierced by some 60,000 transparent acrylic rods which quiver in the breeze.
The pavilion is sitting on a landscape that is crumpled and folded like a sheet of paper, which suggests that the pavilion is a gift
from the UK to China, still partly enclosed in wrapping paper. With inclined surfaces and lifted edges forming a gentle amphitheater, the landscape is entirely carpeted in silvery-grey Astroturf, which translates the softness of the Seed Cathedral into a more tactile softness underfoot and invites you to sit anywhere, lie down or even play, rolling down the slopes. Its atmosphere of intimacy
and ambiguity of purpose allows people to treat the space like a village green, invoking the UK’s record as a pioneer of the
modern public park.
Study and Concepts Case StudySeed Cathedral : Shanghai World Expo 2010: Features
• The whole structure is made on the basic idea of “Seed” . The pavilion will house the largest collection of wild plant seeds in the world - Kew’s Millennium Seed Bank partnership - displayed in the end of the transparent rods. Furthermore , the idea of introducing seed was because it was the basic starting point of growth.
• The six-storey pavilion is pierced by 60,000 transparent rods. These 7.5 meter rods are unique and provide a transparent look.
Study and Concepts Case StudySeed Cathedral : Shanghai World Expo 2010: Features
• These rods have a unique characteristic i.e. it act as fiber optic filaments during the day, illuminating the interior of the pavilion with natural light. At night the rods transport the light from the inside to the exterior, allowing the structure to glow . Hence , one of the feature of green building in its kind.
• The surrounding faceted landscape provides space for public events and also offers shelter for visitors.
Concepts in Brief Spatial Concept
The structure has always have a special attachment to its spaces, and vice versa. In order to make a building fully accomplished both the outer and inner environment’s interrelation must be justified. So ,in our case the inner and outer spaces have a association with African art ,culture , history as well as its Geography.
• The inner circulation pattern has been inspired by some of the ancient Africa adinkran symbols, which are also symbolic to the spaces.
• The spaces have been placed from the basic known notion “Known to Unknown". So, the Geography section which is the most known space has been placed first , after that, come the art and culture which is a bit common and at last comes the History and Culture Section.
Concepts in Brief Structural Concept
Structural Systems always form a important element in Building Design, as they not only determine the strength of the structure but also can play a very important role in the aesthetics of the building form. Various Structural Form are available that can help to reduce artificial lighting, make the building more greener etc.
• A Replica of Egyptian Pyramid has been incorporated into the very center of our Pavilion. The Pyramid is made from combination of steel frames and trusses put together to hold the structure up.
• The Pavilion has been given Flying Bird like form which symbolizes that African development will take a quantum leap from what it is now.
Concepts in Brief Circulation Concept
Designing circulation areas is about making building components and spaces accessible in the horizontal and vertical direction while taking into account a wide variety of requirements. When architects make it into the pivotal element of their concepts, they often create compelling yet surprising room constellations: Spectacular lifts and escalators, unusual floor plan arrangements or stairway sculptures that define the space provide staging for the required pathways. Circulation areas take on the characteristics of an amenity and become an exciting spatial experience as well as a crucial criterion of a successful design.
• The inner circulation pattern has been inspired by some of the ancient Africa adinkran symbols, which are also symbolic to the spaces.
• The Exhibits are kept at changing levels so that its creates a curiosity amongst the users.
• The Pattern of Circulation is kept meandering type just like the flow of river Nile that meanders while it flows from Egypt.
Concepts in Brief Climatic Concept
The integration of climate data is a driving factor in the design of new buildings, as well as in the renovation of existing buildings. Practicing climate responsive design will result in an integrated and efficient approach to designing resilient structures. Just as flora and fauna adapt to their surroundings and create sustaining ecosystems, we too are learning how to design buildings that respond to their climate and are living rather than consuming.
• Because of the Humidity Factor associated with the environment ,Ventilators are provided with an increased number at south and south-west to increase suction and release.
• Rooftop even have openings for light to come in, thus, reducing artificial light during daytime.
Concepts in Brief Energy-Conscious Concept
The Buildings that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space will always prove to be a more greener and energy conscious in todays field of Architecture and will always be preferred. Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
• Proper use of energy and environmental components: Firstly, the environmental components like air, water and natural resources are used in the most efficient way. Mainly renewable energy is used in such constructions. Energy sources, which can result to be harmful for the environment will be avoided. Heat recovery ventilators and geothermal heat pumps are used to save energy.
Concepts in Brief Energy-Conscious Concept
• Maintenance of the indoor of the buildings: Green buildings assure to be naturally ventilated and ventilating system is such that it does not harm the other neighboring buildings. Smoking areas are tried and constructed outside the building or are build in such a way that the smoke does not affect the environment of any other parts of the building. The use of the daylight is maximized. Biodegradable and natural friendly cleaning machineries are used.
• Eco-Friendly materials used for construction: The engineers of these buildings try to ensure that the materials and resources used are environmental-friendly. From building materials to the interior furniture, everything is mostly made through recycling of products. 'Waste reduction plans' are carried out by the engineers and team.
Concepts in Brief User Behavior Concept
Behavior analysis is rooted in the behaviorist tradition and utilizes learning principles to bring about behavior change. Behavior analysis has robust practical applications in mental health treatment and organizational psychology, particularly when focused on helping children and adults learn new behaviors or reduce problem behaviors. Even it helps Researchers/Developers/Architects to carry out their research and get the condition of suitable adaptability that user can cope up with.
• Meandering the circulation path and allowing the user to interact with the spaces by changing the common direction.
• Keeping the Exhibits at varying levels generates curiosity amongst user.
• Changing the color of the walls with respect to interval/events.
• Allowing user to interact with some artificial exhibits using technology
