Beginning of the chapterOxidative stress, substances and genetics

(Toxo Sensor)

30

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Free radicals damage the cells

OXIDATIVE OXIDATIVE STRESSSTRESS

Free radicalsFree radicals

AGEINGAGEINGCANCERCANCER

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Free radicals damage the cells

CYTOPLASM OF A CELL

Superoxide

Hydrogen peroxide

SOD2SOD2

SOD1SOD1

SOD3SOD3

5% oxygen5% oxygen

MITOCHONDRIA

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Free radicals

OXIDATIVE STRESS

GPX1 – a selenoprotein

GPX1GPX1

GPX1GPX1Selenium

Free Free radicalsradicals

OXIDATIVE STRESS

GPX1 – a selenoprotein

GPX1GPX1

GPX1GPX1

SeleniumFree Free radicalsradicals

OXIDATIVE STRESS

GPX1 – a selenoprotein

GPX1GPX1

GPX1GPX1

Selenium

OXIDATIVE STRESS

GPX1 – a selenoprotein

GPX1GPX1

GPX1GPX1

NeutralisedNeutralised

Selenium

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Selenium deficiency and GPX1

Selenium deficiency30% Activity

More selenium70% Activity

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Polymorphism in the GPX1 gene

GPX1GPX1

GPX1GPX1

Free Free radicalsradicals

OXIDATIVE STRESS

GPX1GPX1

GPX1GPX1

Free Free radicalsradicals

Selenium

Polymorphism in the GPX1 gene

OXIDATIVE STRESS

GPX1GPX1

GPX1GPX1

Poorer binding Poorer binding (for example, 50% worse)(for example, 50% worse)Selenium

Polymorphism in the GPX1 gene

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Normal levels of Selenium

35% Activity

More selenium60% Activity

Polymorphism in the GPX1 gene

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Free radicals

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Coenzyme Q10

Q10Q10

NQO1 NQO1

Q10Q10

UBIUBIUBIUBI Free Free radicalsradicals

Q10 – No effectQ10 – No effect

UbiquinolUbiquinolantioxidant effectantioxidant effect UBIUBIUBIUBI

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Free radicals

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Coenzyme Q10

Q10Q10

NQO1 NQO1

Free Free radicalsradicals

Q10 – No effectQ10 – No effect

Q10Q10

UBIUBIUBIUBI

UBIUBIUBIUBI

UBIUBIUBIUBI

UBIUBIUBIUBI UBIUBIUBIUBI

UBIUBIUBIUBIUBIUBIUBIUBI

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Coenzyme Q10

Q10Q10

NQO1 NQO1

Free Free radicalsradicals

Q10 – No effectQ10 – No effect

Q10Q10

CC

EE

ALAALA

CCEE

EE ALAALACC

ALAALA

EE

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Oxidative stress, what to do now?

RECOMMENDATIONSRECOMMENDATIONS

1)1)Antioxidant-rich dietAntioxidant-rich diet2)2)Additional intake of free-radical scavengersAdditional intake of free-radical scavengers

1)1) Vitamin CVitamin C2)2) Vitamin EVitamin E3)3) ß-caroteneß-carotene4)4) Alpha lipoic acid Alpha lipoic acid 5)5) Coenzyme Q10? Coenzyme Q10? Ubiquinol?Ubiquinol?6)6) Selenium – how much? GPX1-geneSelenium – how much? GPX1-gene

3)3)2 2 Cups of coffee/day for 7 delay of the breast cancer Cups of coffee/day for 7 delay of the breast cancer occurrence?occurrence?

OXIDATIVE STRESS

Oxidative stress, what to do now?

SUBSTANCES

The effect of various substances on our body

SUBSTANCES

The effect of various substances on our body

End of the chapterOxidative stress, substances and genetics

(Toxo Sensor)

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