Download - Artificial Intelligence
N. VIJAYALAKSHMI
Department of MCA
C. Abdul Hakeem College of Engeering & Technology
INTRODUCTION OF AI: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
Computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain
INTELLIGENT BEHAVIOUR
Learn from experience
Apply knowledge acquired
from experience
Handle complex situations
Solve problems when important
information is missing
Determine what is important
React quickly and correctly to a new situation
Understand visual images
Process and manipulate symbols
Be creative and imaginative
Use heuristics
DEFINITION:
☻“Artificial Intelligence is a branch of science which
deals with helping machines find solutions to complex
problems in a more human-like fashion”.
☻It generally involves Borrowing characteristics from
human intelligence, and applying them as algorithms in a
Computer friendly way
☻AI is generally associated with Computer Science, but it
has many important links with other fields such a Maths,
Psychology, Cognition, Biology and Philosophy, among
many others.
Contd…Four possible definitions of AI
SYSTEMS THAT THINK LIKE HUMANS
Turing (1950) \Computing machinery and intelligence
SYSTEMS THAT ACT LIKE HUMANS
1960s \cognitive revolution": information-processing psychology replaced prevailing orthodoxy of behaviorism
SYSTEMS THAT THINK RATIONALLY
Normative (or prescriptive) rather than descriptive
SYSTEMS THAT ACT RATIONALLY
Rational behavior: doing the right thing
The right thing: that which is expected to maximize goal achievement, given the available information
The History of Artificial Intelligence
Timeline of major AI events
GOALS OF AI:Two main goals of AI:
To understand human intelligence better. We test theories of human intelligence by writing programs which emulate it.
To create useful “smart” programs able to do tasks that would normally require a human expert.
BRANCHES OF AI :
Artificialintelligence
Robotics
Visionsystems
Learningsystems
Natural languageprocessing
Neural networks
Expert systems
PARENT DISCIPLINES & APPLICATION AREAS OF AI
The Use Of Artificial Intelligence In
The Computer Game Industry
Board games (Chess, Go)
Strategy games (Civilization / Age of Empires)
Camera control in 3D games
Simulation games (The Sims, Sim City)
Racing games
COMPONENTS
Animation
Responsible for controlling NPC
body
Movement
Responsible for controlling NPC
navigation
Behavior
Responsible for controlling NPC decision making
ADVANTAGESFrequent work. Artificial intelligence would not need any sleep. This
would be an advantage because it would not be interrupted from its tasks for sleep, as well as other issues that plague biological minds like restroom breaks and eating.
Unemotional consideration of problems. While an artificial mind could theoretically have emotions, it would be better for performance if it were programmed for unemotional reasoning. When people make decisions, sometimes those decisions are based on emotion rather than logic. This is not always the best way to make decisions.
Easier copying. Once an artificial mind is trained in a task, that mind can then be copied very easily, compared to the training of multiple people for the same task.
DISADVANTAGES Self-modifying, when combined with self-replicating,
can lead to dangerous, unexpected results, such as a new and frequently mutating computer virus.
As computers get faster and more numerous, the possibility of randomly creating an artificial intelligence becomes real.
Military robots may make it possible for a country to indiscriminately attack less-advanced countries with few, if any, human casualties.
Rapid advances in AI could mean massive structural unemployment
AI utilizing non-transparent learning (i.e. neural networks) is never completely predictable
PRESENT ASPECTS OF AI
Hospitals
Economy
Education
Heavy Industries and Space
Finance
Computer Science
Aviation
Weather Forecast
Swarm Intelligence
FUTURE ASPECTS OF AI
►In the year 2010, AI applications emerged. It is believed that AI computers will be prominently used in the field of education.
►Many experts say that AI will be seen in every home in the future.
►AI ignited a lot of experiments and research in other scientific areas, and most commonly used in logic and neurology.
►A lot of experts say that there is a need for man to create new robots.
►Development of AI, is important to keep an eye on the science of AI because of its future effects on our economy and our society, including man’s very own existence.
Ethics And Risks Of AI- People might lose their jobs to automation.
+ So far automation (via AI technology) has created more jobs and wealth than it has eliminated.
- People might have too much (or too little) leisure time
+ AI frees us from boring routine jobs and leaves more time for
pretentious and creative things.
- People might lose their sense of being unique.
+ We mastered similar degradations in the past
(Galileo, Darwin, physical strength)
+ We will not feel so lonely anymore (cf. SETI)
- People might lose some of their privacy rights.
- The use of AI systems might result in a loss of accountability.
CONCLUSION:
“FOOLS GOLD SEEMS TO BE GOLD, BUT IT ISN’T”
Is artificial Intelligence really possible? Can an intelligence like a human mind surpass itself and create its own image? The depth and the powers of the human mind are just being tapped. Who knows, it might be possible, only time can tell! Even if such an intelligence is created, will it share our sense of morals and justice, will it share our idiosyncrasies? This will be the next step in the evolution of intelligence.
Your questions are welcome!