N. VIJAYALAKSHMI

Department of MCA

C. Abdul Hakeem College of Engeering & Technology

INTRODUCTION OF AI: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)

Computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain

INTELLIGENT BEHAVIOUR

Learn from experience

Apply knowledge acquired

from experience

Handle complex situations

Solve problems when important

information is missing

Determine what is important

React quickly and correctly to a new situation

Understand visual images

Process and manipulate symbols

Be creative and imaginative

Use heuristics

DEFINITION:

☻“Artificial Intelligence is a branch of science which

deals with helping machines find solutions to complex

problems in a more human-like fashion”.

☻It generally involves Borrowing characteristics from

human intelligence, and applying them as algorithms in a

Computer friendly way

☻AI is generally associated with Computer Science, but it

has many important links with other fields such a Maths,

Psychology, Cognition, Biology and Philosophy, among

many others.

Contd…Four possible definitions of AI

SYSTEMS THAT THINK LIKE HUMANS

Turing (1950) \Computing machinery and intelligence

SYSTEMS THAT ACT LIKE HUMANS

1960s \cognitive revolution": information-processing psychology replaced prevailing orthodoxy of behaviorism

SYSTEMS THAT THINK RATIONALLY

Normative (or prescriptive) rather than descriptive

SYSTEMS THAT ACT RATIONALLY

Rational behavior: doing the right thing

The right thing: that which is expected to maximize goal achievement, given the available information

The History of Artificial Intelligence

Timeline of major AI events

GOALS OF AI:Two main goals of AI:

To understand human intelligence better. We test theories of human intelligence by writing programs which emulate it.

To create useful “smart” programs able to do tasks that would normally require a human expert.

BRANCHES OF AI :

Artificialintelligence

Robotics

Visionsystems

Learningsystems

Natural languageprocessing

Neural networks

Expert systems

PARENT DISCIPLINES & APPLICATION AREAS OF AI

The Use Of Artificial Intelligence In

The Computer Game Industry

Board games (Chess, Go)

Strategy games (Civilization / Age of Empires)

Camera control in 3D games

Simulation games (The Sims, Sim City)

Racing games

COMPONENTS

Animation

Responsible for controlling NPC

body

Movement

Responsible for controlling NPC

navigation

Behavior

Responsible for controlling NPC decision making

ADVANTAGESFrequent work. Artificial intelligence would not need any sleep. This

would be an advantage because it would not be interrupted from its tasks for sleep, as well as other issues that plague biological minds like restroom breaks and eating.

Unemotional consideration of problems. While an artificial mind could theoretically have emotions, it would be better for performance if it were programmed for unemotional reasoning. When people make decisions, sometimes those decisions are based on emotion rather than logic. This is not always the best way to make decisions.

Easier copying. Once an artificial mind is trained in a task, that mind can then be copied very easily, compared to the training of multiple people for the same task.

DISADVANTAGES Self-modifying, when combined with self-replicating,

can lead to dangerous, unexpected results, such as a new and frequently mutating computer virus.

As computers get faster and more numerous, the possibility of randomly creating an artificial intelligence becomes real.

Military robots may make it possible for a country to indiscriminately attack less-advanced countries with few, if any, human casualties.

Rapid advances in AI could mean massive structural unemployment

AI utilizing non-transparent learning (i.e. neural networks) is never completely predictable

PRESENT ASPECTS OF AI

Hospitals

Economy

Education

Heavy Industries and Space

Finance

Computer Science

Aviation

Weather Forecast

Swarm Intelligence

FUTURE ASPECTS OF AI

►In the year 2010, AI applications emerged. It is believed that AI computers will be prominently used in the field of education.

►Many experts say that AI will be seen in every home in the future.

►AI ignited a lot of experiments and research in other scientific areas, and most commonly used in logic and neurology.

►A lot of experts say that there is a need for man to create new robots.

►Development of AI, is important to keep an eye on the science of AI because of its future effects on our economy and our society, including man’s very own existence.

Ethics And Risks Of AI- People might lose their jobs to automation.

+ So far automation (via AI technology) has created more jobs and wealth than it has eliminated.

- People might have too much (or too little) leisure time

+ AI frees us from boring routine jobs and leaves more time for

pretentious and creative things.

- People might lose their sense of being unique.

+ We mastered similar degradations in the past

(Galileo, Darwin, physical strength)

+ We will not feel so lonely anymore (cf. SETI)

- People might lose some of their privacy rights.

- The use of AI systems might result in a loss of accountability.

CONCLUSION:

“FOOLS GOLD SEEMS TO BE GOLD, BUT IT ISN’T”

Is artificial Intelligence really possible? Can an intelligence like a human mind surpass itself and create its own image? The depth and the powers of the human mind are just being tapped. Who knows, it might be possible, only time can tell! Even if such an intelligence is created, will it share our sense of morals and justice, will it share our idiosyncrasies? This will be the next step in the evolution of intelligence.

Your questions are welcome!