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Reference List
APA Style
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•Only include what you cited in the work.Reference
List
• Includes everything you read about the topic, whether you cited it or not.
Bibliography
Reference List vs Bibliography
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Reference Components
Component Punctuation Includes
Author ,
. The person that created the material. It
can be an author or editor.
Publication Date ( ) The date the information was published
Article
.
The title of the chapter or article. The first
letter goes in capital letter, everything else
in lower case, unless it is a proper noun.
Other Contributors , Include editor or translator if it’s a book.
Title of the source
.
Title of book, journal, website, ext.
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Reference Components
Component Punctuation Includes
Edition / Vol. / No. ( )
.
This information goes inside a parenthesis.
Edition is for books while vol. and no. are
for journals.
Pages . The pages where the information is found.
Version [ ]
. This is for electronic sources that have
printed version or are multimedia.
Publishing Place : This is the place where the publishing
house is located. This only applies to books
(paper and ebook).
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Reference Components
Component Punctuation Includes
Publishing house . This follows the place of publication and it
is the company that published the
material.
Locator . url (is not followed by a punctuation)
Doi (is followed by a period)
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Reference Rules
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Alphabetize the entries by the first word (author’s last name or the title of the source).
If you have different sources by the same author:
One-Author sources
Organize them in order of publication, the oldest article first
If you have one source by one-author and then another source with multiple-authors that starts with the same author, put the single author first and then the one with the multiple authors.
Multiple-Authors sources
If the only author in common is the first one, organize the entries by the second author.
Order of references
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When the sources are by the same author(s) and were published the same year, put them in alphabetical order. If the articles are a series, but them in order of series. Next to the date include a lower case letter.
Example: (2001a)
If the source has different authors with the same last name, organize them in alphabetical order using the initial of the first name.
If the source has different authors with the same last name and same first name initials, then write the full first name in brackets next to the initial.
Example: Thorne, J. [Jack].
Order of references
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When you have two or more authors, use the & symbol after the comma to introduce the last author.
Example: Gilbert, S., & Guban, E.
If the first name of the author is hyphenated, write the hyphen between both initials.
When the author is an organization or institution, write the full name.
If the resources us authored by a subdivision of an institution, you need to write first the parent institution then the subdivision.
Example: Gobierno de Puerto Rico, Departamento de Vivienda
Author Component: Rules
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When the resources has seven authors or more, write the first six authors and then use the ellipse and then include the name of the last author.
Example: Surname, N., Surname, N., Surname, N., Surname, N., Surname, N.,
Surname, N., . . . Surname, N. (year)
When making the reference of a chapter from a book that has different authors and an editor, write the author first and after the article’s title write the name of the editor following the example.
Example: Last name, N. (xxxx). In Name Last Name (Ed.), Title. . .
When making the reference of a book that has editor, use the editor’s name as author and include the Ed. Abbreviation.
Example: Last Name, N. (Ed.)
Author Component: Rules
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The data of publications goes inside a parenthesis.
For books write the year of publication.
For magazines, newsletters and newspapers provide the complete date.
Example: (Year, Month Day)
If the journal indicates the season, substitute the date for the season.
Example: (Year, Season)
When no date is available write: n.d.
Publication Date Component: Rules
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Titles of book chapters and articles are written with the first word capitalized and the rest of the words in lower case.
Titles of books are written with the first word capitalized and the rest in lower case. The title goes in italics
Titles of journals, newspapers and magazines are capitalized and they go in italics.
When writing the reference for a chapter of a book that has no editor, write the title of the article, then write In before the title of the book.
Example: Surname, N. (xxxx). Chapter. In Title of book. . .
Title Component: Rules
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The volume and issue of a journal, magazine or newsletter goes right after the title of the journal and it goes in italics.
Example: Title of journal, xx(x), xxx-xxx. [pages]
Include the location and name of the publishing house for books and reports.
When the publisher is also the author, write Author after the location.
Example: London, England: Author
Publication Component: Rules
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Include the DOI when articles have it.
If the article doesn’t have a DOI, look for the homepage of the journal where the article was publish and include that url.
Electronic Locator Component: Rules
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Application of the Rules
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Journal Article with DOI
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Book
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eBook with a print version
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Reference structure:
Surname, N. (year). Article. In Book Title (pages) [PDF
version]. Place: Publisher. Retrieved from
http://web.com
Note: If the book has a DOI, substitute de url for the DOI.
If the book only has an electronic version, eliminate [version].
Vacca, J., & Vacca M. E. (2012). Detecting, Reporting, and
Recovering from Identity Theft. Identity Theft (pp. 55-
65) [PDF version].New York: Chelsea House. Retrieved
from http://ebooks.infobaselearning.com/
View.aspx?ISBN=9781438139210
eBook with a print version (cont.)
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Article from database
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Reference structure
Surname, N. (year, month day). Article. Title of the source.
Retrieved from http://www.website.com
Klotz, I. (2016, September 9). NASA probe blasts off on quest
to collect asteroid sample. Reuters. Retrieved from
http://www.reuters.com/article/us-space-asteroid-
launch-idUSKCN11E33J
Reference
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American Psychological Association. Publications Manual
of the American Psychological Association, (6th ed.). Washington: American Psychological Association.
Reference
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Prepared by: Vilmarie Torrres Lamboy, Librarian
October 2016