Reference List

APA Style

•Only include what you cited in the work.Reference

List

• Includes everything you read about the topic, whether you cited it or not.

Bibliography

Reference List vs Bibliography

Reference Components

Component Punctuation Includes

Author ,

. The person that created the material. It

can be an author or editor.

Publication Date ( ) The date the information was published

Article

.

The title of the chapter or article. The first

letter goes in capital letter, everything else

in lower case, unless it is a proper noun.

Other Contributors , Include editor or translator if it’s a book.

Title of the source

.

Title of book, journal, website, ext.

Reference Components

Component Punctuation Includes

Edition / Vol. / No. ( )

.

This information goes inside a parenthesis.

Edition is for books while vol. and no. are

for journals.

Pages . The pages where the information is found.

Version [ ]

. This is for electronic sources that have

printed version or are multimedia.

Publishing Place : This is the place where the publishing

house is located. This only applies to books

(paper and ebook).

Reference Components

Component Punctuation Includes

Publishing house . This follows the place of publication and it

is the company that published the

material.

Locator . url (is not followed by a punctuation)

Doi (is followed by a period)

Reference Rules

Alphabetize the entries by the first word (author’s last name or the title of the source).

If you have different sources by the same author:

One-Author sources

Organize them in order of publication, the oldest article first

If you have one source by one-author and then another source with multiple-authors that starts with the same author, put the single author first and then the one with the multiple authors.

Multiple-Authors sources

If the only author in common is the first one, organize the entries by the second author.

Order of references

When the sources are by the same author(s) and were published the same year, put them in alphabetical order. If the articles are a series, but them in order of series. Next to the date include a lower case letter.

Example: (2001a)

If the source has different authors with the same last name, organize them in alphabetical order using the initial of the first name.

If the source has different authors with the same last name and same first name initials, then write the full first name in brackets next to the initial.

Example: Thorne, J. [Jack].

Order of references

When you have two or more authors, use the & symbol after the comma to introduce the last author.

Example: Gilbert, S., & Guban, E.

If the first name of the author is hyphenated, write the hyphen between both initials.

When the author is an organization or institution, write the full name.

If the resources us authored by a subdivision of an institution, you need to write first the parent institution then the subdivision.

Example: Gobierno de Puerto Rico, Departamento de Vivienda

Author Component: Rules

When the resources has seven authors or more, write the first six authors and then use the ellipse and then include the name of the last author.

Example: Surname, N., Surname, N., Surname, N., Surname, N., Surname, N.,

Surname, N., . . . Surname, N. (year)

When making the reference of a chapter from a book that has different authors and an editor, write the author first and after the article’s title write the name of the editor following the example.

Example: Last name, N. (xxxx). In Name Last Name (Ed.), Title. . .

When making the reference of a book that has editor, use the editor’s name as author and include the Ed. Abbreviation.

Example: Last Name, N. (Ed.)

Author Component: Rules

The data of publications goes inside a parenthesis.

For books write the year of publication.

For magazines, newsletters and newspapers provide the complete date.

Example: (Year, Month Day)

If the journal indicates the season, substitute the date for the season.

Example: (Year, Season)

When no date is available write: n.d.

Publication Date Component: Rules

Titles of book chapters and articles are written with the first word capitalized and the rest of the words in lower case.

Titles of books are written with the first word capitalized and the rest in lower case. The title goes in italics

Titles of journals, newspapers and magazines are capitalized and they go in italics.

When writing the reference for a chapter of a book that has no editor, write the title of the article, then write In before the title of the book.

Example: Surname, N. (xxxx). Chapter. In Title of book. . .

Title Component: Rules

The volume and issue of a journal, magazine or newsletter goes right after the title of the journal and it goes in italics.

Example: Title of journal, xx(x), xxx-xxx. [pages]

Include the location and name of the publishing house for books and reports.

When the publisher is also the author, write Author after the location.

Example: London, England: Author

Publication Component: Rules

Include the DOI when articles have it.

If the article doesn’t have a DOI, look for the homepage of the journal where the article was publish and include that url.

Electronic Locator Component: Rules

Application of the Rules

Journal Article with DOI

Journal Article without DOI

Book

eBook with a print version

Reference structure:

Surname, N. (year). Article. In Book Title (pages) [PDF

version]. Place: Publisher. Retrieved from

http://web.com

Note: If the book has a DOI, substitute de url for the DOI.

If the book only has an electronic version, eliminate [version].

Vacca, J., & Vacca M. E. (2012). Detecting, Reporting, and

Recovering from Identity Theft. Identity Theft (pp. 55-

65) [PDF version].New York: Chelsea House. Retrieved

from http://ebooks.infobaselearning.com/

View.aspx?ISBN=9781438139210

eBook with a print version (cont.)

Online reference work (no author or editor)

Article from database

Reference structure

Surname, N. (year, month day). Article. Title of the source.

Retrieved from http://www.website.com

Klotz, I. (2016, September 9). NASA probe blasts off on quest

to collect asteroid sample. Reuters. Retrieved from

http://www.reuters.com/article/us-space-asteroid-

launch-idUSKCN11E33J

Reference

Online government report

Podcast

Photo / Images

Blog post

Video blog post

American Psychological Association. Publications Manual

of the American Psychological Association, (6th ed.). Washington: American Psychological Association.

Reference

Prepared by: Vilmarie Torrres Lamboy, Librarian

October 2016