"Animal breeding and national animal products from a genomic point of view"
Anagnostis ArgiriouResearcherInstitute of Applied Biosciences – CERTH
http://inab.certh.gr
Innovation drivers
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Environmental•
Economic
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Social•
Technology
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Policy
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Genetics-
Genomics
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Cost of Sequencing
2/4/2015 http://inab.certh.gr
Sequenced Genomes
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ΚΑΛΟΣ
ΚΑΚΟΣΩΡΑΙΑ
ΠΑΝΩΡΑΙΑ
Καλος
M M M
M M M
Καλoς
METAGENOMICS
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Gut Microbiome
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Animal Breeding and Genomics Centers
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Can I genetically select dairy cows based on their emission of methane?
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Is it possible by measuring gene activity to find out whether chicken have good gut health?
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How do we store genetic material for future generations best?
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) Microarrays
Bovine and Ovine Genotyping BeadChip•The BovineLD BeadChip enables accurate genotyping to understand the impact of genetics on milk production, reproduction, health•80,000 custom markers for bovine•42,000 custom markers for ovine
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Agri-Food Chain
Agri-SuppliesAgri-Supplies Primary production
Primary production TransformationTransformation TradeTrade ConsumptionConsumption
SeedsFertilizersPesticidesBreedsGenetic improvement
SeedsFertilizersPesticidesBreedsGenetic improvement
Agriculture methods
TechnologiesPrecise agriculture
Agriculture methodsTechnologiesPrecise agriculture
HarvestingTransformatio
n
ConservationPackagingEnergy consumption
WasteQuality controlTraceabilty
HarvestingTransformatio
nConservationPackagingEnergy consumptionWasteQuality controlTraceabilty
Marketing services
BrandingLogisticsTraceability
Marketing servicesBrandingLogisticsTraceability
Consumer needs
TourismRestaurationQuality controlTraceability
Consumer needsTourismRestaurationQuality controlTraceability
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Domestication of Animals
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Domestication was done in different areas in different periods
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First time in Mesopotamia (11.000 b.p.)
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First domesticated species: sheep and goats (9.000 -11.000 b.p.)
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Followed pigs (8.500 – 10.500 b.p.) and cattle
(8.000 -10.000 b.p.).
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Expansion of Animal domestication
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Animals in the Neolithic period in Greece
Τaurus primegenius ή
Bos primigenius
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The Animal Husbandry in Bronze and Iron Age
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Autochthonous Animals in GreeceAutochthonous Animals in Greece
Autochthonous Animals
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Species Registered/referred racesCattle 36Buffalo 1Chicken 13Donkeys 4Goats 39Horses 20Pigs 6Sheep 46
What happened the last 60 year in Greece
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The Example of Greek Black Pig
Michailidou et al Genet. Mol. Res. 13 (2): 2752-2765 (2014)
Greek Black Pig
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Promotion
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MC1R (melanocortin receptor type 1) -
1
deg.89.5 90.0 90.5 91.0 91.5 92.0 92.5 93.0 93.5 94.0 94.5 95.0
Nor
mal
ised
Flu
ores
cenc
e
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
deg.89.5 90.0 90.5 91.0 91.5 92.0 92.5 93.0 93.5 94.0 94.5 95.0
Nor
mal
ised
Flu
ores
cenc
e
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
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White Pigs
Black PigsHybrid Pigs
Pata Negra Bellota
150 Euros/Kg
San Daniele
30 Euros/Kg
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DNA Traceability
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DNA certified products of animal and plant origin –
Unique «DNA signature»
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Protection form adulteration and fraudulent actions
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Could protect the added valued of PDO and PGI products –
Protection of the investment made from the stakeholders
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Some Examples: Mozzarela di buffala, Feta Cheese, Greek Black Pig, Fava Santorinis etc.
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Greek Feta Cheese
+
Only Sheep and Goat milk
+ Max goat milk to 30%
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It is prohibited to manufacture Feta Cheese
from other type of milk.
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high-throughput sequencing technologies
to certify cheeses
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Microbial diversity of traditional cheeses
68 genera237 species
79%10 genera35 species
13%
14 genera21 species
8%
BacteriaYeast
Fungi
Livarot, Munster… (Surface)
Ref: MC Montel, ANR GRAMME 2008‐2010
St-NectaireAcinetobacter johnsoniiAlcaligenes Brevundimonas diminutaCitrobacterEnterobacter hormaecheiEscherichia coliHafnia alvei
Halomonas
Klebsiella oxytoca
Kluyvera intermediaMarinomonas sp. nov.
Morganella Proteus Providencia
Pseudoalteromonas
Pseudomonas.
Psychrobacter
Raoultella planticolaSerratiaTetrathiobacter kashmirensisVibrio litoralis
23%
17%
Acinetobacter
Chryseobacterium
Citrobacter freundii
Enterobacter
Klebsiella
Ochrobacterum sp.Pantoea agglomerans
Pseudomonas
Serratia rubideae
Sphingobacterium
Stenotrophomonas
Raoultella planticola
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Greek PDO Cheeses
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Σας Ευχαριστώ
Δρ. Αργυρίου
ΑναγνώστηςΕρευνητής
Ινστιτούτου
Εφαρμοσμένων
Βιοεπιστημών
–
ΕΚΕΤΑΤηλ. 2310 498475Email: [email protected]
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