Agricultural Production and Input Supply Status in the State of Maharashtra
H.R. Shinde Deptt. of Agril. Economics,
MPKV,Rahuri- (MS)
Table 1 Dynamics of land utilization in Maharashtra ( Lakh ha.)
16.8610.196.0% of NIA to NCA9
17.1712.36.48% of GIA to GCA8
127.29109.07105.28Cropping Intensity (%)7
38.12(212.45)
24.15(97.95)
12.2(100)Gross Irrigated Area6
8.72(489.18)
5.8(291.89)
1.48(100)Area irrigated more than once5
29.4(174.25)
18.35(71.18)
10.72(100)Net Irrigated Area4
221.9(17.9)
196.4(4.35)
188.2(100)Gross Cropped Area3
47.58(404.02)
16.34(73.09)
9.44(100)Double Cropped Area2
174.32(-2.50)
180.1(0.72)
178.8(100)Net Cropped Area 1
2003-041980-811960-61ParticularsSr. No.
(Figures in the parentheses indicate the percentage change over the base year, 1960-61)
Table 2. Shift in cropping pattern of Maharashtra
(% to Gross Cropped Area)
4.731.410.78Fruits & vegetables12.4512.9813.28Cotton1.991.620.82Sugarcane12.448.79.92Total oilseeds54.0969.768.82Total foodgrains15.4813.8212.48Total pulses38.6155.8856.34Total cereals
2003-041980-811960-61Particulars
Table 3. Productivity of principal crops in World, India and Maharashtra
( Qtls/ha)
780.7**706.17652.04Sugarcane8
11.47*7.5613.74Groundnut (shell)
75.555.908.01Total pulses65.968.537.91Gram5
7.58**6.746.90Pigeon pea417.9918.0644.27Maize313.8827.4227.25Wheat217.5129.6439.12Paddy1
MaharashtraIndiaWorldCrop(s)Sr. No.
(* More than India,** More than World & India)
Area and Production and yield of principal crops in India and Maharashtra, 2007-08(Area :million ha., Prodn : million tonnes, Yield : kg/ha)
7800066.280.8567531340.565.04Sugarcane12
123577.160.58Onion13
253
547
1147891
726707
1982
729
819
1520
1680
Yield
466
694
11241460
824780
2337
1030
981
2785
2203
Yield
MaharashtraIndia
4.623.1025.819.43Cotton11
0.190.361.441.88Sunflower10
2.892.529.998.88Soybean90.390.449.366.41Groundnut8
0.811.123.093.79Tur70.921.316.917.58Gram6
1.150.5819.308.26Maize5
1.051.459.799.50Bajara4
3.784.617.787.93Jowar3
1.871.2378.4028.15Wheat2
2561.5296.4343.77Paddy1
Prodn.AreaProdn.Area
Name of the cropSr. No.
Source: Agricultural Statastics at a Glance, 2008Chief Statastician office , Maharashtra, Pune
Low productivity of various crops mainly due to less percent of irrigated area
Coverage of Irrigated Area under Principal Crops in Maharashtra and India, 2005-06 (%)
34.34.3Cotton174.21.9Tur8
12.5
30.9
49.8
88.1
22.4
8.0
7.9
53.60
India
7.5
34.9
17.4
87.1
18.4
4.9
9.5
28.50
M.S.
Total pulses
Gram
Total cereals
Wheat
Maize
Bajara
Jowar
Rice
Name of crop(s)
9
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Sr. No.
18
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
Sr. No.
92.1100Sugarcane
42.214.8Total foodgrains
40.2017.4Total area under all crops
23.09.0Total oilseeds
27.622.9Sunflower
1.41.0Soybean
66.13.8Rapeseed & mustard
17.627.5Groundnut
IndiaM.S.Name of crop (s)
Source : Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2006, Directorate of Economics & Statistics Government of India, New Delhi.
Table 4. Seeds distribution in Maharashtra state (‘00’Quintals)
202298810341720813907Total (A+B)
559288271553301252Sub Total B
161331147Others (3crops)4
534211402812Jowar3
79196041437Gram2
411214197461265196Wheat1
RabiB
14637007631167512655Sub Total A
1231002314811632Others (7 crops)
42142825169Udid8
26131319109Mung7
362115311912Tur6
3029136333Hy. Bajara5
3734341365Hy. Cotton4
1453511013529106Paddy3
907614907515Hy. Jowar2
934378556642178464Soybean1
KharifA
TotalPrivatePublicTotalPrivatePublic
2007* (* Tentative)2006Season/CropSr. No.
Table 5. Consumption of Chemical fertilizers
111.425.12007-08*100.122.62006-07887.319.72005-06777.817.42004-05664.914.42003-04573.716.52002-03475.416.92001-02374.116.52000-01290.319.31999-001
Per hectare use(Kg.)
Consumption(in lakh MT)
YearSr. No.
Table 6. Consumption of pesticides in Maharashtra and India
(Metric tonnes)
4067230302005(P)44102033852004346195361420002710794645019931
IndiaMaharashtraYearSr. No.
Table 7 Farm implements and machineries in Maharashtra
1631Seed dressing drums17
75746-Sprayers & dusters16
6017-Chaff cutters15
5720-Threshers14
8171Tractors13
1955216Persian wheel12
8521706Electric pumps11
11217464Oil engines10
13916Sugarcane crushers9
326Ghanies8
4106158Mot7
349294178Keni/Levelers6
16017941208Harrows5
954974687Seed drills4
125015211343Bullock carts3
607527398Iron plough2
157617791673Wooden plough1
2000-011970-711960-61Farm implements & farm machineries (Number ‘000’)
Source: Season and Crop Report, Maharashtra State, 2000-01
Table 8. Important markets of major agricultural commodities in Maharashtra and Ind
23719Masur5
22319Urad4
25420Moong3
220-Arhar2
26420Gram1
119878 (6.51)PulsesII
25520Jowar5
239-Bajara4
30519Maize3
69336Paddy2
44420Wheat1
193695 (4.90)CerealsI
IndiaMaharashtraAgril. Commodity
(Figures in brackets are percent to the respective market)Source: Important Markets of Major Agril. Commodities in India, 2000. Govt. of India, Ministry of
Agriculture, New Delhi.
Table 8. Important markets of major …….
IndiaMaharashtraAgril. Commodity
19218Sesamum5
15216Linseed4
30819Sunflower3
1874Jute2
19620Cotton1
38324FiberIV
15020Soybean2
35820Groundnut1
1403109 (7.76)OilseedsIII
659Pomegranate6
12820Grapes5
25913Mango4
33615Orange3
35516Banana2
2389Apple1
155886 (5.51)FruitsV
(Figures in brackets are percent to the respective market)Source: Important Markets of Major Agril. Commodities in India, 2000. Govt. of India, Ministry of
Agriculture, New Delhi.
Table 8. Important markets of major …….
5113Fenugreek5
10418Coriander seed4
2765Ginger (dry)3
36118Chillies (dry)2
12019Turmeric1
51373 (14.23)Spices & condi.VII
32810Chillies (green)6
2069Cabbage5
18411Brinjal4
33314Tomato3
31620Potato2
35319Onion1
188689 (4.71)VegetablesVI
IndiaMaharashtraAgril. Commodity
(Figures in brackets are percent to the respective market)Source: Important Markets of Major Agril. Commodities in India, 2000. Govt. of India, Ministry of
Agriculture, New Delhi.
Table 9. Regionwise livestock markets in Maharashtra
210Total12Vidarbha479Marathwada3103Western Maharashtra2
6Konkan1
No. of Markets
RegionSr. No.
ConclusionsThe net cropped area (NCA) declined from 178.8 lakh hectare to 174.32 lakh hectare over a period of 44 years)The gross cropped area (GCA) increased by 17.90 per cent over the year 1960-61 GCA. The cropping intensity increased from 105.28 per cent in 1960-61 to 127.29 per cent in 2003-04.The shares of pulses, oilseeds, sugarcane and fruits and vegetables increased in the state GCA with varying magnitudes. The productivity of majority crops is low in comparison with thecountry and the world productivities. These low productivities of these crops ultimately result into less production because of less use or no use of the crucial inputs viz’, HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, etc.
The distribution of seeds of the major crops grown in the state
is low and it also affects the productivities and production of these crops.
The per hectare use of chemical fertilizers declined to 87.30 kg
in 2005-06 from 90.3 kg in 1999-2000.The pesticides use also declined from 6450 tonnes in 1995 to
3030 tonnes in 2005. In the case of improved/new farm implements and machineries,
the farmers are becoming aware, but these are not becoming easily available in the villages and the small farmers still use thewooden or old designed available tools/ implements which require too much draft labour/ energy and this also cause the reduction in production of crops.
The number of major agricultural commodity markets in comparison with the area under crops and production of these
Conclusions…
Conclusions…
These facts and figures in the case of seed distribution, fertilizers and pesticide use, availability of new/ or improved farm tools, etc and agricultural markets for the state of Maharashtra point out for the improvement in the supply chain and also there is too much scope for the strengthening of existing system in this regard.