Agricultural Production and Input Supply Status in the State of Maharashtra

H.R. Shinde Deptt. of Agril. Economics,

MPKV,Rahuri- (MS)

Table 1 Dynamics of land utilization in Maharashtra ( Lakh ha.)

16.8610.196.0% of NIA to NCA9

17.1712.36.48% of GIA to GCA8

127.29109.07105.28Cropping Intensity (%)7

38.12(212.45)

24.15(97.95)

12.2(100)Gross Irrigated Area6

8.72(489.18)

5.8(291.89)

1.48(100)Area irrigated more than once5

29.4(174.25)

18.35(71.18)

10.72(100)Net Irrigated Area4

221.9(17.9)

196.4(4.35)

188.2(100)Gross Cropped Area3

47.58(404.02)

16.34(73.09)

9.44(100)Double Cropped Area2

174.32(-2.50)

180.1(0.72)

178.8(100)Net Cropped Area 1

2003-041980-811960-61ParticularsSr. No.

(Figures in the parentheses indicate the percentage change over the base year, 1960-61)

Table 2. Shift in cropping pattern of Maharashtra

(% to Gross Cropped Area)

4.731.410.78Fruits & vegetables12.4512.9813.28Cotton1.991.620.82Sugarcane12.448.79.92Total oilseeds54.0969.768.82Total foodgrains15.4813.8212.48Total pulses38.6155.8856.34Total cereals

2003-041980-811960-61Particulars

Table 3. Productivity of principal crops in World, India and Maharashtra

( Qtls/ha)

780.7**706.17652.04Sugarcane8

11.47*7.5613.74Groundnut (shell)

75.555.908.01Total pulses65.968.537.91Gram5

7.58**6.746.90Pigeon pea417.9918.0644.27Maize313.8827.4227.25Wheat217.5129.6439.12Paddy1

MaharashtraIndiaWorldCrop(s)Sr. No.

(* More than India,** More than World & India)

Area and Production and yield of principal crops in India and Maharashtra, 2007-08(Area :million ha., Prodn : million tonnes, Yield : kg/ha)

7800066.280.8567531340.565.04Sugarcane12

123577.160.58Onion13

253

547

1147891

726707

1982

729

819

1520

1680

Yield

466

694

11241460

824780

2337

1030

981

2785

2203

Yield

MaharashtraIndia

4.623.1025.819.43Cotton11

0.190.361.441.88Sunflower10

2.892.529.998.88Soybean90.390.449.366.41Groundnut8

0.811.123.093.79Tur70.921.316.917.58Gram6

1.150.5819.308.26Maize5

1.051.459.799.50Bajara4

3.784.617.787.93Jowar3

1.871.2378.4028.15Wheat2

2561.5296.4343.77Paddy1

Prodn.AreaProdn.Area

Name of the cropSr. No.

Source: Agricultural Statastics at a Glance, 2008Chief Statastician office , Maharashtra, Pune

Low productivity of various crops mainly due to less percent of irrigated area

Coverage of Irrigated Area under Principal Crops in Maharashtra and India, 2005-06 (%)

34.34.3Cotton174.21.9Tur8

12.5

30.9

49.8

88.1

22.4

8.0

7.9

53.60

India

7.5

34.9

17.4

87.1

18.4

4.9

9.5

28.50

M.S.

Total pulses

Gram

Total cereals

Wheat

Maize

Bajara

Jowar

Rice

Name of crop(s)

9

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Sr. No.

18

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

Sr. No.

92.1100Sugarcane

42.214.8Total foodgrains

40.2017.4Total area under all crops

23.09.0Total oilseeds

27.622.9Sunflower

1.41.0Soybean

66.13.8Rapeseed & mustard

17.627.5Groundnut

IndiaM.S.Name of crop (s)

Source : Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2006, Directorate of Economics & Statistics Government of India, New Delhi.

Table 4. Seeds distribution in Maharashtra state (‘00’Quintals)

202298810341720813907Total (A+B)

559288271553301252Sub Total B

161331147Others (3crops)4

534211402812Jowar3

79196041437Gram2

411214197461265196Wheat1

RabiB

14637007631167512655Sub Total A

1231002314811632Others (7 crops)

42142825169Udid8

26131319109Mung7

362115311912Tur6

3029136333Hy. Bajara5

3734341365Hy. Cotton4

1453511013529106Paddy3

907614907515Hy. Jowar2

934378556642178464Soybean1

KharifA

TotalPrivatePublicTotalPrivatePublic

2007* (* Tentative)2006Season/CropSr. No.

Table 5. Consumption of Chemical fertilizers

111.425.12007-08*100.122.62006-07887.319.72005-06777.817.42004-05664.914.42003-04573.716.52002-03475.416.92001-02374.116.52000-01290.319.31999-001

Per hectare use(Kg.)

Consumption(in lakh MT)

YearSr. No.

Table 6. Consumption of pesticides in Maharashtra and India

(Metric tonnes)

4067230302005(P)44102033852004346195361420002710794645019931

IndiaMaharashtraYearSr. No.

Table 7 Farm implements and machineries in Maharashtra

1631Seed dressing drums17

75746-Sprayers & dusters16

6017-Chaff cutters15

5720-Threshers14

8171Tractors13

1955216Persian wheel12

8521706Electric pumps11

11217464Oil engines10

13916Sugarcane crushers9

326Ghanies8

4106158Mot7

349294178Keni/Levelers6

16017941208Harrows5

954974687Seed drills4

125015211343Bullock carts3

607527398Iron plough2

157617791673Wooden plough1

2000-011970-711960-61Farm implements & farm machineries (Number ‘000’)

Source: Season and Crop Report, Maharashtra State, 2000-01

Table 8. Important markets of major agricultural commodities in Maharashtra and Ind

23719Masur5

22319Urad4

25420Moong3

220-Arhar2

26420Gram1

119878 (6.51)PulsesII

25520Jowar5

239-Bajara4

30519Maize3

69336Paddy2

44420Wheat1

193695 (4.90)CerealsI

IndiaMaharashtraAgril. Commodity

(Figures in brackets are percent to the respective market)Source: Important Markets of Major Agril. Commodities in India, 2000. Govt. of India, Ministry of

Agriculture, New Delhi.

Table 8. Important markets of major …….

IndiaMaharashtraAgril. Commodity

19218Sesamum5

15216Linseed4

30819Sunflower3

1874Jute2

19620Cotton1

38324FiberIV

15020Soybean2

35820Groundnut1

1403109 (7.76)OilseedsIII

659Pomegranate6

12820Grapes5

25913Mango4

33615Orange3

35516Banana2

2389Apple1

155886 (5.51)FruitsV

(Figures in brackets are percent to the respective market)Source: Important Markets of Major Agril. Commodities in India, 2000. Govt. of India, Ministry of

Agriculture, New Delhi.

Table 8. Important markets of major …….

5113Fenugreek5

10418Coriander seed4

2765Ginger (dry)3

36118Chillies (dry)2

12019Turmeric1

51373 (14.23)Spices & condi.VII

32810Chillies (green)6

2069Cabbage5

18411Brinjal4

33314Tomato3

31620Potato2

35319Onion1

188689 (4.71)VegetablesVI

IndiaMaharashtraAgril. Commodity

(Figures in brackets are percent to the respective market)Source: Important Markets of Major Agril. Commodities in India, 2000. Govt. of India, Ministry of

Agriculture, New Delhi.

Table 9. Regionwise livestock markets in Maharashtra

210Total12Vidarbha479Marathwada3103Western Maharashtra2

6Konkan1

No. of Markets

RegionSr. No.

ConclusionsThe net cropped area (NCA) declined from 178.8 lakh hectare to 174.32 lakh hectare over a period of 44 years)The gross cropped area (GCA) increased by 17.90 per cent over the year 1960-61 GCA. The cropping intensity increased from 105.28 per cent in 1960-61 to 127.29 per cent in 2003-04.The shares of pulses, oilseeds, sugarcane and fruits and vegetables increased in the state GCA with varying magnitudes. The productivity of majority crops is low in comparison with thecountry and the world productivities. These low productivities of these crops ultimately result into less production because of less use or no use of the crucial inputs viz’, HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, etc.

The distribution of seeds of the major crops grown in the state

is low and it also affects the productivities and production of these crops.

The per hectare use of chemical fertilizers declined to 87.30 kg

in 2005-06 from 90.3 kg in 1999-2000.The pesticides use also declined from 6450 tonnes in 1995 to

3030 tonnes in 2005. In the case of improved/new farm implements and machineries,

the farmers are becoming aware, but these are not becoming easily available in the villages and the small farmers still use thewooden or old designed available tools/ implements which require too much draft labour/ energy and this also cause the reduction in production of crops.

The number of major agricultural commodity markets in comparison with the area under crops and production of these

Conclusions…

Conclusions…

These facts and figures in the case of seed distribution, fertilizers and pesticide use, availability of new/ or improved farm tools, etc and agricultural markets for the state of Maharashtra point out for the improvement in the supply chain and also there is too much scope for the strengthening of existing system in this regard.