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ANEMIA
By: Adrian Curiel
AFT-Mrs.k
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What is Anemia?
Anemia is a condition in which the body does
not have enough healthy red blood cells. Redblood cells provide oxygen to body tissues.
Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying pigment
found in red blood cells. Anemia can be life-
threatening.
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Anemia Continued
Although there are over 400 different forms
of anemia, this health profile will only addressthe three most common: iron-deficiency
anemia, vitamin B12 anemia and folic acid
deficiency.
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Vitamin B12 anemia
Pernicious anemia requires lifelong vitamin B12 replacement,most often using injections. Some patients can get enoughsupplementation with high-dose tablets of oral vitamin B12.
People with anemia due to a lack of dietary vitamin B12 may betold to take vitamin supplements and follow a more balanceddiet. Treatment may start with vitamin B12 injections.
Anemia caused by poor digestion and absorption is treated withvitamin B12 injections until the condition improves. These shotsare given every day and then every week at first, and then
every month. Many people may need these shots once a month for the rest
of their life. The shots may no longer be needed after Crohn'sdisease, celiac disease, or alcoholism is properly treated.
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Vitamin B12
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Symptoms
1)Possible symptoms include: Chest pain Dizziness or light-headedness (especially when standing up or with
exertion) Fatigue or lack of energy Headaches Problems concentrating Shortness of breath (especially during exercise)
2)Some types of anemia may have other symptoms, such as: Constipation Problems thinking Tingling
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Treatment1)Treatment should be directed at the cause of theanemia, and may include:
Blood transfusions
Corticosteroids or other medicines that suppressthe immune system
Erythropoietin, a medicine that helps your bone
marrow make more blood cells Supplements of iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, or
other vitamins and minerals
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Anemia with iron deficiency
For adults and children with iron deficiency anemia, doctorsmay recommend a daily multivitamin containing iron. But
typically, doctors recommend iron tablets such as prescriptionferrous sulfate tablets or an over the counter supplement.These oral iron supplements are usually best absorbed from anotherwise empty stomach. However, because iron can irritateyour stomach, you may need to take the supplements withfood. Your doctor may recommend that you take iron
supplements with orange juice or with a vitamin C tablet.Vitamin C helps increase iron absorption. Additionally, take ironsupplements two hours before or four hours after taking anantacid, as these medications can interfere with ironabsorption.
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Causes
The cause depends on the type of anemia. Possible
causes include:
Certain medications
Diseases such as cancer or rheumatoid arthritis
Genes -- some forms of anemia can be inherited
Kidney failure Blood loss (for example, from heavy menstrual
periods)
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Causes continued Poor diet Pregnancy
Problems with bone marrow (where blood cells
are made)
Problems with the immune system that cause the
destruction of blood cells
Surgery to the stomach or intestines that reducesthe absorption of iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid
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Tests & diagnosis
1) Doctors will perform a physical examination,
and may find: Pale skin
Rapid heart rate