A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 1
Compiled by
Directorate of Strategic Information
August 2003
CONTENTSGLOSSARY 2
LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES 3-4
TECHNICAL NOTES 4
INTRODUCTION 5
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS 6Population Size 72001 Census vs. Projected Population size 8Population Distribution by population group 9Sex Distribution 10Age Distribution 11Population Pyramid 12Index of Aging 13Incidence of Disability 14Religious Affiliation 15Home Language 16Citizenship/Country of Birth 17
EDUCATIONAL LEVELS 18Educational Levels of Adults (Aged 20 +) 19% Adults with Less than Matric by population group and Gender 20% Adults with Less than Matric: 1996 vs.2001 21% Adults with Post-matric qualification: 1996 vs. 2001 22
EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS 23Employment by Economic Sector 24Employment by Occupational Sector 25% Elementary Occupations by population group and Gender 26% Elementary Occupations: 1996 vs. 2001 27
EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS (cont.)% Managerial/Professional/Technical Occupations by population group and Gender 28% Managerial/Professional/Technical 1996 vs.2001 29Unemployment Rate 30Unemployment by population group and Gender 31Unemployment Rate: 1996 vs. 2001 32
HOUSING AND HOUSEHOLD PATTERNS 33Housing Type 34% Informal Dwelling 1996 vs. 2001 35Household Size 36
ACCESS TO BASIC SERVICES 37Access to Water 38% access to Piped Water: 1996 vs. 2001 39Sanitation 40% Flush or Chemical Toilets: 1996 vs. 2001 41Energy/Fuel used for Lighting and Cooking 42% access to Electricity for Lighting: 1996 vs. 2001 43Refuse Removal 44% Refuse Removal by Local Authority: 1996 vs. 2001 45Access to Telephone 46% access to Telephone by population group 47Access to Household Goods 48
TRANSPORT 49Mode of Transport to School and Work 50% Using Public Transport to School and Work 51
REFERENCES 52
Definitions used by Statistics SA (2003:vii)):
Disability
A physical or mental handicap which has lasted for 6 months or more, or is expected to last at least 6 months, which prevents the person from carrying out daily activities independently or from participating fully in educational, economic or social activities.
Economically Active person
A person aged 15 years or more who is either employed or unemployed but who is looking for work. In other words someone who is working or who wants to work and is seeking work is defined as economically active.
Household
A household is a group of persons who live together, and provide themselves jointly with food and/or other essential for living, or a single person who lives alone.
Population Group
Statistics SA continues to classify people by population grouip in order to monitor progress in moving away from the apartheid-based discrimination of the past. However membership of a population group is now based on self-perception and self-classification, not on a legal definition. Five options were provided on the questionnaire, Black African, Coloured, Indians or Asian, White and Other. Responses in the categor “other” were very few and were therefore imputed to one of the other categories.
Unemployed Person
An unemployed person is defined as an economically active person who
-did not work during the seven days prior to census night
-wanted to work and was available to start work within a week of census night, and- had taken active steps to look for work or to start some form of self-employment in the four weeks prior to census night.
Unemployment Rate
The number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the economically active.
GLOSSARY
List of Tables and Figures
Table 1: Comparison of 1996 and 2001 Census Figures 7
Table 2: Comparison of 2001 Census Figure and 2001 Projection 8
Figure 1: Distribution of population by population group 9
Figure 2: Sex distribution of population 10
Figure 3: Age Distribution of population11
Figure 4: Population Pyramid 12
Figure 5: Index of aging 13
Figure 6: Incidence of disability by type of disability 14
Figure 7: Religious affiliation 15
Figure 8: Home language of population 16
Figure 9: Citizenship Status and Country of Birth of population 17
Figure 10: Highest Educational Level of Adults (aged 20+) 19
Figure 11: % of adults with highest qualification less than matric by population group and gender 20
Figure 12: % adults with highest qualification less than matric - 1996 vs 2001 census by population group 21
Figure 13: % of adults with Post Matric by population group 22
Figure 14: Distribution of workers by economic sector 24
Figure 15: Distribution of workforce by occupational sector 25
Figure 16: % elementary occupations by population group and gender 26
Figure 17: % elementary occupations – 1996 vs 2001 census by population group 27
Figure 18: % managerial/professional/technical by population group and gender 28
Figure 19: % managerial/professional/technical – 1996 vs 2001 census by population group 29
Figure 20: Distribution of employment/unemployment of the economically active population 30
Figure 21: Unemployment rate by population group and gender 31
Figure 22: Unemployment rate by population group:1996 vs. 2001 32
Figure 23: Distribution of households by dwelling type 34
List of Tables and Figures (continued)
Figure 24: Distribution of informal dwellings by population group 1996 vs. 2001 35
Figure 25: Distribution of household size 36
Figure 26: Distribution of households by type of access to water 38
Figure 27: % households with access to piped water in dwelling or on-site – 1996 vs. 2001 census 39
Figure 28: Distribution of households by type of sanitation 40
Figure 29: % households with flush or chemical toilets - 1996 vs 2001 Census by population group 41
Figure 30: Energy/Fuel used by households for lighting 42
Figure 31: Energy/Fuel used by households for cooking 42
Figure 32: % households with access to electricity for lighting - 1996 vs 2001 Census by population group 43
Figure 33: Distribution of households by type of refuse disposal 44
Figure 34: % households with refuse removal by local authority - 1996 vs 2001 Census by population group 45
Figure 35: Distribution of households by access to telephone 46
Figure 36: % households with access to telephone in dwelling by population group 47Figure 37: % households having access to refrigerator, radio, television and computer by population group 48
Figure 38: Mode of Transport to School and Work 50
Figure 39: % using public transport to school and work 51
TECHNICAL NOTES : All percentages are shown to one decimal place in the graphs and tables, but are reported as whole numbers
in the text, for ease of reading.
Totals in some figures vary between 99 and 101 due to rounding off
The ‘unspecified’ category was excluded in the calculation of indicators.
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 6
INTRODUCTION
This report describes the main demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the people living in the City of Cape Town metropolitan area.
The 2001 Census data, which was released by Statistics South Africa (Statistics SA) in July 2003, is used as the key data source. The census data is the outcome of the national census conducted in October 2001 as well as a post-enumeration survey conducted in November 2001 to estimate the number of persons who were missed in the census. The census undercount was found to have been 17%. Statistics SA adjusted the enumerated census data to compensate for the undercount.
The census information is also presented by gender and population group (Black African, Coloured, Indian and White) in order to measure inequalities between social groups. The population categories and terms used follow those used by Statistics SA.
Population size 2001 Census vs Projected population size Population distribution by population group Sex Distribution Age distribution Population pyramid Index of aging Incidence of Disability Religious Affiliation Language Citizenship/Country of Birth
DEMOGRAPHICCHARACTERISTICS
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 8
Population Size
The 2001 Census recorded the size of the metropolitan population at2 893 251 people living in 759 765 households. This compares to the 1996 figure of 2 563 095 implying a growth rate of 2,6% per annum between 1996 and 2001.
Table 1: Comparison of 1996 and 2001 Census Figures
1996 CENSUS 2001 CENSUS Average growth
No. of People 2563095 2893251 2,6% per annum
According to the Statistics Council Census sub-committee, preliminary independent demographic analyses of the census results suggest that the final census figures probably reflect:
•an underestimate of children under the age of five •an overestimate of children aged between 10 and 19 •an underestimate of men relative to women •an underestimate of the white population(Statistics SA, 2003)
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 9
2001 Census Vs Projected Population Size
The population that had been projected for the Cape Metropolitan Area for 2001 was 3 154 238 (Dorrington, 1999) . The actual census figure is therefore 9.02% lower than the projected population.
The difference in figures could be due to:- the census figure being too low, i.e.undercounting the actual population,
and/or - the projection being too high i.e. assumptions about population growth
and/or migration rates used in the projection are higher than the actual rates
Further analysis is needed to reconcile the actual census figure with the projected figure.
Table 2: Comparison of 2001 Census Figure and 2001 projection
2001 CENSUS
(Statistics SA, 2003)
2001 PROJECTION
(Dorrington, 1999)
No. of People 2 893 251 3 154 238
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 10
Distribution by Population Group
White 18.8%
Indian1.4%
Coloured48.1%
Black African31.7%
Just under half (48%) of the population indicated their population group as coloured. The next largest grouping was African/black (32%). A further 19% indicated their population group as white and 1% as Indian.
Figure 1: Distribution of population by population group
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 11
Figure 2 :Sex distribution of population
Sex Distribution
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
%
% of population 48.0 52.0
Male Female
The 2001 Census showed a higher percentage of females (52%) relative to males (48%).
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 12
Figure 3: Age distribution of population
Age Distribution
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
% of population 26.6 38.3 24.4 5.6 4.9
0-14 15-34 35-54 55-64 65 +
The age distribution reflects a young population with 27% of people aged 14 years or younger. 65% of the population was younger than 35.
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 13
Population PyramidAge-sex Distribution Of Population
The population pyramid reflects the characteristics of a developing population with the distribution skewed towards the younger age groups.
Figure 4:
Age – Sex Distribution of Population
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 14
Figure 5 : Index of aging
Index Of Aging
19
6
1418
73
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Total Black African Coloured Asian White
The index of ageing expresses the relationship of the young to the old in a given population. The index shows that overall for every 100 people aged 14 and below there are 19 people aged 65+. Among the white population for every 100 young (0-14) people there are 73 aged (65+) people. For Black Africans there are only 18 aged people for every 100 young people.The white population is therefore an aging population resembling that of developed regions while the other groups are younger, reflective of developing regions.
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 15
Incidence Of Disability
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
% Disabled 0.7 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.1
Visual Disability
Hearing Disability
Physical Disability
Mental Disability
Multiple Disabilities
EmotionalSpeech
Impairment
Approximately 1 in 25 people (3.8%) were reported to have a serious disability. The most common form of disability was physical disability, affecting 1,1% of the total population.
Figure 6: Incidence of disability by type of disability
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 16
Religious Affiliation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
% population 76.6 9.7 0.5 0.2 10.7 2.3
Christian Islam Judaism Hinduism No ReligionOther/not
stated
77% of the population indicated a Christian denomination as their religious affiliation. The next most common religious affiliation was Islam (10%).
Figure 7: Religious affiliation
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 17
Home Language
Afrikaans was the most common home language (41% of households) followed by isiXhosa (29%) and English (28%)
Figure 8 : Home language of population
Other2.0%
isiXhosa28.7%
English27.9%
Afrikaans41.4%
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 18
Figure 9: Citizenship Status and Country of Birth of population
Citizenship/Country Of Birth
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Citizenship 98.8 0.6 0.4 0.2
Country of Birth 97 1.4 1.2 0.4
South Africa Europe Rest of Africa Other
A very small % of the population of the City of Cape Town were either not born in South Africa or did not have South African citizenship
EDUCATIONAL LEVELS
Educational levels of adults (aged 20+)
% adults (aged 20+) with less than matric by population group and gender
% adults with less than matric: 1996 vs 2001
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 20
Figure 10: Highest educational level of adults (aged 20+).
Educational Levels Of Adults (Aged 20+)
The highest educational qualification of adults was relatively low. For as much as 62% of adults (aged 20+), the highest educational level was below matric. Only 13% of adults (aged 20+) had a postmatric diploma or degree.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
% of adults aged 20+ 62 25.4 12.6
Below Matric MatricPost-Matric Qualification
No. of Adults aged 20+ = 1834872
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
MALE 61.7 76.2 72 39.3 21.4
FEMALE 62.2 71.7 74.5 47.2 25.3
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
Figure 11: % of adults with highest qualification less than matric by population group and gender
% Adults (aged 20+) With Less Than Matric By Population Group And Gender
A high proportion of Black African and Coloured adults have a highest education level less than matric. Overall, there is little difference along gender with the percentage adults with an educational level below matric being the same (62%) for men and women.
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 22
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1996 Census 67.1 82.2 79.8 53.1 28.7
2001 Census 62 73.9 73.2 43.4 23.5
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
Figure 12: % adults with highest qualification less than matric - 1996 vs 2001 census by population group
% Adults (aged 20+) With Less Than Matric 1996 Vs 2001 Census
The % adults (aged 20+) with a highest educational qualification less than matric dropped from 67% in 1996 to 62% in 2001. The trends suggest rising education levels throughout the population of the City of Cape Town.
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 23
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1996 Census 11.4 3.6 5.4 17 30
2001 Census 12.6 5.9 5.6 22.3 35.5
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
Figure 13: % adults with Post Matric by population group
% Adults (aged 20+) With Post Matric1996 Vs 2001 Census
There was a slight increase in the % of adults (20+) with a postmatric qualification, from 11% (1996 Census) to 13% (2001 Census).
EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS
Unemployment rate
Unemployment by population group and gender
Employment by economic sector
Employment by occupational sector
% elementary occupations by population group and gender
% managerial, professional and technical by population group and gender
% elementary occupations: 1996 vs 2001
% managerial, professional and technical: 1996 vs 2001
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 25
Employment By Economic Sector
The census recorded 939 444 workers in the municipal area, employed in a wide range of economic sectors.
Key sectors of employment are community, social and personal services (21%), wholesale and retail trade (20%) and manufacturing (19%).
The financial and business services sector (15%), construction (8%) and private households (7%) are also significant sectors of employment
Other3.6%
Manufacturing18.5%
Private Households
7.0%
Community Social and Personal21.6%
Financial and Business
15.1%
Transport/Communication
6%Construction
8.1%
Trade20.2%
Figure 14: Distribution of workers by economic sector * excluding those who did not indicate their sector of employment
No. of Workers =
843 304 *
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 26
Figure 15: Distribution of workforce by occupational sector * Excludes occupation unspecified.
Employment By Occupational Sector
Strong service sector reflected in high proportion (27%) employed in sales, service and clerical posts.
A relatively high % of the workforce (22%) is in elementary (relatively
unskilled) occupations.
Elementary21.7%
Skilled blue collar-
Craft/trade workers13.6%
Sales, service & clerical27.3%
Professional & Technical
21.4%
Managerial7.5%
Semi-skilled operators and assemblers
8.6%
No. of Workers = 872 418 *
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 27
% Elementary Occupations
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
MALE 18.6 33.5 19.6 6.5 3
FEMALE 25.4 55.8 24.5 6.5 2.4
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
Figure 16: % elementary occupations by population group and gender
There are significant differences by population group and gender in the distribution of occupational status. As much as 56% of Black African females are employed in elementary occupations compared to 3% of White males.
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 28
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1996 Census 23.1 48 24.6 8.1 2.5
2001 Census 21.7 42.9 21.9 6.5 2.7
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
Figure 17: % elementary occupations – 1996 vs 2001 census by population group
Overall the % of the workforce employed in elementary occupations declined slightly from 23% in 1996 to 22% in 2001.
% Elementary Occupations1996 Vs 2001 Census
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 29
% Managerial/professional/technical
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
MALE 28.8 9.8 19.8 51.8 62.3
FEMALE 28.9 13.9 22.3 45.4 53.2
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
Figure 18: % managerial/professional/technical by population group and gender
62% of White males are employed in managerial, professional or technical positions, compared to 10% of Black African males.
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1996 Census 28.7 10.6 19.7 45.5 57.1
2001 Census 28.9 11.5 21 49.3 58.1
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
There was no significant increase in the number of the workers employed in managerial, professional and technical posts, as a % of the total workforce.
Figure 19: % managerial/professional/technical – 1996 vs 2001 census by population group
% Managerial/ Professional/ Technical1996 Vs 2001 Census
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 31
Unemployment Rate
In terms of the expanded definition of unemployment, 29% of the metropolitan population was unemployed at the time of the census.
This is higher than the 23% unemployment rate measured by the Labour Force Survey (LSF) which is the official source of labour market statistics.
The higher rate reflected in the Census is probably due to those who are employed in the informal sector being more likely to classify themselves as unemployed during census enumeration whereas the labour force survey questionnaire includes more prompts to identify such workers. (Statistics SA, 2003)
Employed71%
Unemployed29%
Figure 20: Distribution of employment/unemployment of the economically active population
No. of Economically Active = 1326221
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 32
Unemployment By Population Group And Gender
Figure 21: Unemployment rate by population group and gender
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
MALE 27.2 44.2 24.6 11 5.2
FEMALE 31.4 55.8 24.4 13.5 4.1
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
Overall, the unemployment rate, as reflected in the Census, was higher for females (31%) than for males (27%). However, the difference in unemployment rates for male and female was mainly evident among Black Africans. Among whites, the unemployment rate was slightly higher for males (5%) than for females (4%).
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 33
Unemployment By Population Group 1996 Vs 2001 Census
Figure 22: Unemployment rate by population group:1996 vs. 2001
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1996 Census 19.5 37.7 17.6 10.6 4.1
2001 Census 29.2 49.8 24.5 12 4.7
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
The unemployment rate as measured in the census increased significantly from 1996 (20%) to 2001 (29%). For Black Africans half of the economically active population were classified as unemployed.
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 35
Figure 23: Distribution of households by dwelling type
Housing Type
The majority of households (59%) lived in freestanding houses on separate stands
A further 17% lived in flats or townhouses.
19% of households lived in informal housing - backyard shacks or shacks in informal settlements.
Room/Flat on shared
property/backyard
3.3%
Tow n/cluster housing
7.0%
Flat9.9%
Backyard Shack4.3%
Shack in informal
settlement14.5%
House on separate stand
58.7%
Other2.2%
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 36
Figure 24: Distribution of informal dwellings by population group 1996 vs. 2001
% Informal Dwellings 1996 Vs 2001 Census
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1996 Census 19.9 66 5.9 1.1 0.1
2001 Census 18.8 51.6 5.6 1 0.5
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
Although the % of Black African households living in informal dwellings declined from 66% in the 1996 census to 52% in the 2001 census, the % of households living in informal dwellings for the city as a whole dropped by only 1%.
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 37
Figure 25: Distribution of household size
Household Size
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Household Size
% households 16 20.2 35.1 19.5 6.2 3
1 2 3 to 4 5 to 6 7 to 8 9+
Most households are relatively small with 71% of households consisting of 4 people or fewer.
Access To Basic Services
Access to water
% households with piped water in dwelling or on-site: 1996 vs 2001
Sanitation
% households with flush or chemical toilet: 1996 vs 2001
Energy/Fuel used for lighting and cooking
% households using electricity for lighting : 1996 vs 2001
Refuse removal
% households with refuse removal by local authority: 1996 vs 2001
Access to telephone
% households with access to telephone by population group
Access to Household Goods (radio, television, computer, refrigerator)
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 39
Figure 26: Distribution of households by type of access to water
Access To Water
69% of households indicated that they had piped water in their dwellings.
A further 15% had piped water on site.
14% of households indicated that they made use of communal taps.
Other1.2%
Communal Tap
14.3%
Piped Water on Site15.1%
Piped Water in Dwelling
69.4%
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 40
Figure 27: % households with access to piped water in dwelling or on-site – 1996 vs 2001 census by population group
% Households With Access To Piped Water 1996 Vs 2001 Census
Overall, the % of households that had access to piped water either in their dwelling or on site decreased from 90% recorded in the 1996 census to 84% recorded in the 2001 census.
0
20
40
60
80
100
1996 Census 89.6 65.4 97.4 99.6 99.6
2001 Census 84.4 61.7 93.9 95.3 96.7
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 41
Figure 28: Distribution of households by type of sanitation
Sanitation
Most households (87%) have a flush or chemical toilet.
5% make use of pit or bucket latrines.
None 7.3%
Bucket Latrine4.5%
Pit Latrine0.9%
Flush/chemical
Toilet87.3%
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 42
Figure 29: % households with flush or chemical toilets - 1996 vs 2001 Census by population group
% Households With Flush Or Chemical Toilets1996 Vs 2001 Census
The % of households having either a flush or chemical toilet declined from 89% recorded in the 1996 census to 87% recorded in the 2001 census.
0
20
40
60
80
100
1996 Census 89.4 66.4 95.9 99.3 99.9
2001 Census 87.4 67.1 95.6 98.3 99
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 43
Figure 31: Energy/Fuel used by households for cooking
Source of Energy/Fuel For Lighting And Cooking
Figure 30: Energy/Fuel used by households for lighting
Electricity is the main source of energy for lighting and cooking for more than 80% of households. Paraffin is the next most widely used fuel source for lighting and cooking.
Other1%
Paraffin16%
Gas2%
Electricity81%
Other0%
Paraffin9%
Candles2%
Electricity89%
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 44
Figure 32: % households with access to electricity for lighting - 1996 vs 2001 Census by population group
% Households With Electricity1996 Vs 2001 Census
The % of households using electricity for lighting increased from 87% (1996 census) to 89% (2001 census). For Black African households, the % using electricity for lighting increased from 57% to 69%.
0
20
40
60
80
100
1996 Census 86.9 57.3 95.9 99.4 99.9
2001 Census 88.8 68.6 97.2 99.2 99.6
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 45
Figure 33: Distribution of households by type of refuse disposal
Refuse Removal
More than 95% of households had their refuse removed by the local authority.
0
20
40
60
80
100
% households 95.5 1.3 1.9 1.4
Removed by local authority
Communal refuse dump
Own refuse dump
No rubbish disposal
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 46
Figure 34: % households with refuse removal by local authority - 1996 vs 2001 Census by population group
% Households With Refuse Removal By Local Authority 1996 Vs 2001 Census
The % of households having their refuse removed by the local authority increased from 93% (1996 census) to 96% (2001 census). The % of Black African households having their refuse removed by the local authority increased from 79% to 90%.
0
20
40
60
80
100
1996 Census 92.8 78.5 97 99.3 99.2
2001 Census 95.5 89.5 97.9 99.3 98.9
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 47
Figure 35: Distribution of households by access to telephone
Access To Telephone
The majority of households (55%) had a telephone in the dwelling or a telephone in dwelling and a cell-phone.
A further 13% had a cellphone only. 30% had access to a public or
neighbour’s telephone nearby. For 2% of households access to a
telephone was difficult or non-existent.
No access2%
Acess to telephone
nearby30%
Cell-phone only13%
Households with telephone
55%
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 48
Figure 36: % households with access to telephone in dwelling by population group
% Households With Access To Telephone
More than 83% of White and Indian households had a telephone in dwelling or a telephone in dwelling and a cell-phone.
0
20
40
60
80
100
% households 55.6 20.3 61.9 83.9 87
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 49
Access To Household Goods
Figure 37: % households having access to refrigerator, radio, television and computer by population group
The 2001 census recorded that fewer than half of Black African households owned a refrigerator, television or computer. Of all households, 21% owned a computer, including only 3% of Black African households.
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 51
Mode Of Transport
About one third of those who travel to school or work indicated that they do so by foot
A further one-third travelled to school or work by car, either as driver or as passenger.
30% made use of the various forms of public transport (taxi, bus, train)
Figure 38: Mode of Transport to School and Work
Total No. of Commuters = 1643515
Foot33%
Bicycle1%
Motorcycle1%
Car as driver19%
Car as passenger
15%
Minibus/taxi11%
Bus7%
Train12%
Other1%
A Population Profile of the City of Cape Town - Compiled by Strategic Information, CCT, from Statistics SA Census data 52
% Using Public Transport to School or Work
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
% of Commuters 30.3 42.4 33.8 16.6 6.9
Total Black African Coloured Indian White
Overall, 30% of those who travelled to school and work did so using public transport. This varied from 42% among black Africans to 7% among whites.
Figure 39: % Using Public Transport to school or work