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A CASE OF LEFT VENTRICULAR ENDOCARDIAL FIBROSIS IN A CAT
Leonardo Susta, DVM
Janildo Ludolf Reis, DVM
Elizabeth W. Howerth, DVM, Ph.D
A8-034732
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SIGNALMENT AND HISTORY
5 yr, female, DSH cat
Acute onset of illness
Respiratory distress
Died soon after presentation at the veterinary clinic
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GROSS FINDINGS
Petechiation on the lung
Pulmonary edema
Mottled liver with accentuation of lobular pattern
Heart was moderately enlarged and rounded
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MICROSCOPIC FINDINGS
Heart
The left ventricular endocardium is severely expanded by a thick layer of fibrosis
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MICROSCOPIC FINDINGS
The underlying myocardium shows:
extensive myofiber loss
replacement by fibrosis
increased number of small vessels
scattered infiltrating lymphocytes and macrophages are present
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Masson Trichrome
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In the remaining parenchyma, there are multiple foci of fibrosis
Multifocally, the myocardial fibers show disarray
MICROSCOPIC FINDINGS
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MICROSCOPIC FINDINGS
Lungs: Multifocally, the alveolar septa are thickened
by a moderate amount of fibrous tissue and type II cells hyperplasia.
Rare bronchioles and alveolar ducts are filled by foamy macrophages which give to the lung a patchy consolidated appearance.
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ANATOMIC DIAGNOSIS
Heart: Left ventricular endocardial fibrosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Lung: multifocal to coalescing interstitial pneumonia with type cell II hyperplasia and fibrosis
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DISCUSSION Left endocardial ventricular fibrosis (LEVF) was previously named as restrictive cardiomyopathy
It is the less common cardiomyopathy in cats
It cause diastolic deficit with decreased cardiac output
Two forms of restrictive cardiomyopathy are present: - Subendocard ia l fi bros is
- Eccess of moderator bands that trasverse the left chamber
o The subendocardial fibrosis has been associated with endomyocarditis
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In an extensive survey, 28% of cats suffering from LEVF had interstitial pneumonia
Causation or concomitant underlying cause for both the lesions?
In our case LEVF was associated with histological lesions of cardiac hypertrophy.
DISCUSSION
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Acknowledgment:
Dr. Janildo L. Reis
Dr. Raquel Rech
Dr. Elizabeth W. Howerth
Dr. Corrie Brown
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QUESTIONS?
Thank you!