Download - 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
1/32
SHORT AND LONG TERM EFFECTS
AND
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
2/32
A pharmaceutical preparation or a naturally A pharmaceutical preparation or a naturallyoccurring substance used primarily to bringoccurring substance used primarily to bringabout a change in the existing process orabout a change in the existing process or
state (physiological, psychological orstate (physiological, psychological orbiochemical) can be called a ‘drug’biochemical) can be called a ‘drug’
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
3/32
Intake of drugs toIntake of drugs to treat an illnesstreat an illness prevent a diseaseprevent a disease improve health conditionimprove health condition
Drug abuseDrug abuse
Intake of drugs for reasons other thanIntake of drugs for reasons other thanmedical in a manner that affectsmedical in a manner that affects
physical or mental functioningphysical or mental functioning
Drug useDrug use
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
4/32
Drug addictionDrug addiction
oleranceolerance
!sychological dependence!sychological dependence !hysical dependence!hysical dependence
"ithdra#al"ithdra#al symptomssymptoms
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
5/32
CLASSIFICATION OFCLASSIFICATION OF
ADDICTIVE DRUGSADDICTIVE DRUGS $arcotic analgesics$arcotic analgesics
%annabis%annabis &timulants&timulants DepressantsDepressants
'allucinogens'allucinogens olatile solventsolatile solvents ther drugs of abusether drugs of abuse
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
6/32
!ain killing or pain relieving drugs #ith opium like!ain killing or pain relieving drugs #ith opium likeeffectseffects
NARCOTIC ANALGESICSNARCOTIC ANALGESICS
$atural sources * pium* piummorphinemorphinecodeinecodeine
&emi synthetic * 'eroin (bro#n sugar)* 'eroin (bro#n sugar)
&ynthetic * +uprenorphine (tidigesic)* +uprenorphine (tidigesic)ethadoneethadone
!enta-ocine!enta-ocine
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
7/32
ode of intake *
pium . oral, inhalationpium . oral, inhalation
orphine . in/ectionorphine . in/ection
%odeine . oral (tablets and cough syrups)%odeine . oral (tablets and cough syrups)'eroin . in/ection, inhalation, chasing'eroin . in/ection, inhalation, chasing
+uprenorphine . oral, in/ection+uprenorphine . oral, in/ection
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
8/32
SHORT - TERM EFFECTS OFSHORT - TERM EFFECTS OF
NARCOTIC ANALGESICSNARCOTIC ANALGESICS
0uphoria0uphoria hought process impairment, dro#siness, apathyhought process impairment, dro#siness, apathy 1reedom from pain1reedom from pain
verdose of heroin can cause convulsions, comaverdose of heroin can cause convulsions, comaand deathand death
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
9/32
LONG-TERM EFFECTSLONG-TERM EFFECTS
ood instabilityood instability 2educed libido2educed libido %onstipation%onstipation
2espiratory impairments2espiratory impairments !hysical deterioration!hysical deterioration
Infections like serum hepatitis and 'I canInfections like serum hepatitis and 'I canoccur among I usersoccur among I users
In female abusers, menstrual irregularity andIn female abusers, menstrual irregularity andfetal addiction 3 abnormalityfetal addiction 3 abnormality
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
10/32
Tolerance and dependence de elopTolerance and dependence de elop
1eeling of unpleasantness1eeling of unpleasantness &evere pain&evere pain
"ithdra#al symptoms
DiarrheaDiarrhea Dilation of pupilsDilation of pupils InsomniaInsomnia 'allucinations'allucinations
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
11/32
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
12/32
SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OFSHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF
STIMULANTSSTIMULANTS
A heightened feeling of #ell being A heightened feeling of #ell being
A sense of super4abundant energy A sense of super4abundant energy
Increased motor and speech activityIncreased motor and speech activity
&uppression of appetite&uppression of appetite
Increased #akefulnessIncreased #akefulness
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
13/32
LONG-TERM EFFECTSLONG-TERM EFFECTS
%hronic sleep problem
!oor appetite2apid and irregular heart beat
ood s#ings
5Amphetamine psychosis’ may occur
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
14/32
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
15/32
DEPRESSANTSDEPRESSANTS
Drugs #hich depress or slo# do#n thefunctions of the central nervous system
&edative4hypnotics&edative4hypnotics +arbiturates+arbiturates
+en-odia-epines+en-odia-epines Alcohol Alcohol
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
16/32
SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OFSHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF
DEPRESSANTSDEPRESSANTS
2elief from anxiety and tension2elief from anxiety and tension
0uphoria0uphoria 6o#ering of inhibitions6o#ering of inhibitions !oor motor coordination!oor motor coordination
Impaired concentration and /udgementImpaired concentration and /udgement &lurred speech and blurred vision&lurred speech and blurred vision &edation, sleep #ith larger doses&edation, sleep #ith larger doses
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
17/32
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OFLONG-TERM EFFECTS OFDEPRESSANTSDEPRESSANTS
%hronic fatigue%hronic fatigue 2espiratory impairments2espiratory impairments Impaired sexual functionImpaired sexual function Decreased attention spanDecreased attention span
!oor memory and /udgement!oor memory and /udgement %hronic sleep problems%hronic sleep problems
DepressionDepression
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
18/32
olerance and dependenceolerance and dependence
olerance does not develop uniformlyolerance does not develop uniformly%ross tolerance can develop%ross tolerance can develop!hysical and psychological dependence!hysical and psychological dependencedevelopsdevelops
InsomniaInsomnia
"eakness and nausea"eakness and nausea 'allucinations'allucinations %onvulsions%onvulsions Delirium tremensDelirium tremens
"ithdra#al symptoms
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
19/32
HALLUCINOGENSHALLUCINOGENS
'allucinogens are drugs #hich affectperception, emotions and mental processes
6&D (6ysergic acid diethylamide)6&D (6ysergic acid diethylamide) !%! (!hencyclidine)!%! (!hencyclidine)
escalineescaline !silocybin!silocybin
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
20/32
SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OFSHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF
HALLUCINOGENSHALLUCINOGENS Alterations of mood Alterations of mood
Distortion of the sense of direction, distance andDistortion of the sense of direction, distance andtimetime
‘‘!seudo’ hallucinations!seudo’ hallucinations
&ynesthesia . melding of t#o sensory modalities&ynesthesia . melding of t#o sensory modalities 1eelings of depersonalisation1eelings of depersonalisation
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
21/32
LONG-TERM EFFECTSLONG-TERM EFFECTS
1lash back or spontaneous recurrence of on6&D experience can occur
Amotivational syndrome
6&D precipitated psychosis
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
22/32
olerance and dependence
olerance develops rapidly
"ithdra#al symptoms are not reported
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
23/32
CANNA!ISCANNA!IS
7an/a 3 ari/uana7an/a 3 ari/uana 'ashish 3 %haras'ashish 3 %haras 'ashish oil'ashish oil +hang+hang
%ommon mode of intake *
&moking
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
24/32
SHORT TERM EFFECTSSHORT TERM EFFECTS
ild euphoriaild euphoria 6o#ering of inhibitions6o#ering of inhibitions Dilation of blood vesselsDilation of blood vessels Increased auditory and visual acuityIncreased auditory and visual acuity &ense of smell, touch and taste are often&ense of smell, touch and taste are often
enhancedenhanced Altered sense of time perception Altered sense of time perception Impaired short4term memoryImpaired short4term memory Impairment of ability to perform complex motorImpairment of ability to perform complex motor
taskstasks
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
25/32
LONG-TERM EFFECTSLONG-TERM EFFECTS
Decreased cognitive abilityDecreased cognitive ability
Amotivational syndrome Amotivational syndrome
!sychosis!sychosis
2espiratory problems2espiratory problems
&terility 3 impotence&terility 3 impotence In #omen abusers, fetal damage can occur In #omen abusers, fetal damage can occur
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
26/32
&leep disturbances&leep disturbances6oss of appetite, irritability6oss of appetite, irritability
Tolerance and psychological
dependence de elop"ithdra#al symptoms
remorsremors
Depression or psychotic symptoms mayDepression or psychotic symptoms may
become prominent become prominent
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
27/32
VOLATILE SOLVENTSVOLATILE SOLVENTS
olatile hydrocarbonsolatile hydrocarbons
!etroleum derivatives!etroleum derivatives
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
28/32
SHORT-TERM EFFECTSSHORT-TERM EFFECTS
0uphoria0uphoria
%louded thinking%louded thinking &lurred speech&lurred speech &taggering gait&taggering gait 'allucinations'allucinations &udden death&udden death
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
29/32
LONG-TERM EFFECTSLONG-TERM EFFECTS
!sychosis!sychosis
!ermanent brain damage!ermanent brain damage
6iver, kidney and heart damage6iver, kidney and heart damage
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
30/32
OTHER DRUGS OF A!USEOTHER DRUGS OF A!USE
uscle relaxantsuscle relaxants
Analgesics Analgesics
Anti4histamines Anti4histamines
Anti4emetics Anti4emetics
Anti4depressants 3 anti4psychotics Anti4depressants 3 anti4psychotics
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
31/32
DAMAGE DUE TO ADDICTIONDAMAGE DUE TO ADDICTION
!hysical deterioration!hysical deterioration !sychiatric problems!sychiatric problems Intellectual impairmentIntellectual impairment !ersonality deterioration!ersonality deterioration
&afety risks . accidents and high risk behaviour&afety risks . accidents and high risk behaviour 6egal risks6egal risks
-
8/19/2019 12_Drugs_short and long term effects.ppt
32/32