Introduction to Public Speaking
Public speaking is speaking to a
group of people in a structured,
deliberate manner intended to
inform, influence, or entertain
the listeners.
Definition of Public Speaking
The sender or originator of the
message
Source
The content or signal that the
source/ sender gives to the
receiver.
Message
The listener or audience that
interprets the message.
Receiver
The sense (eyes, ears, nose,
mouth, body) used to send a
message. More than one sense
can be used to send a message.
Channel
The time, setting, or situation in
which communication occurs.
Context
Anything audible that gets in the
way of the message.
Noise
The reactions of the listener to
the source. Listeners give
feedback through comments,
facial expressions, and body
movements.
Feedback
The materials used to support a
speaker's ideas.
The three major kinds of
supporting materials are:
examples, statistics, and testimony.
Supporting Materials
The loudness or softness of the
speaker's voice
Volume
Making your voice loud enough
that the person in the back of
the room can hear you.
Projection
The speed at which you speak
Rate
Changes in a speaker's rate,
pitch, and volume that give the
voice variety and expressiveness
Vocal Variety/Inflection
Talking with the same voice
(opposite of vocal variety/
inflection)
Monotone
How clearly you speak
Articulation
A temporary stop or rest
Pauses
Distracting words that fill pauses
in speaking
Examples include: Um, uh, and
like
Filler Words
One or more motions or positions of
the muscles in the skin
These movements show the
emotional state of the individual to
observers.
A form of nonverbal communication
Facial Expressions
Looking people in the eye
A form of nonverbal
communication
Eye Contact
Motions of a speaker's hands or
arms during a speech
Gestures
Communication based on a
person's use of voice and body,
rather than on the use of words
Nonverbal Communication
A speech done without preparing
beforehand
Impromptu
Anxiety over the prospect of
giving a speech in front of an
audience
Stage Fright