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BOARD REPRESENTATIVESFounding Chapter: Howie KoffSouthern California: Dick RiggTexas: Haden VandiverMidwest: Vincent RiccaPhiladelphia Area: len WertSOWNY: Rick DrewniakRocky Mountain: Dick KroeckelNew Jersey: John De ParisIowa: Alvin JohnsonBoston Area: Sanford LibmanNorthern lights: lowell BoehlandSierra-Nevada: Bob MooreChicago Area: Jerry BiasellaHeart of America: Ron BoppSoutheast Area: John O'loughlinGateway: Del Sewell

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Published by the Automatic Musical Instrument Collectors'Association, a non-profit club devoted to the restoration,distribution and enjoyment of musical instruments usingperforated paper music rolls. AMICA was founded in SanFrancisco in 1%3.

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flltllCfllnternotiono'CHAPTER OFFICERS

The Cover: The story of the automatic harp is foundin the section on Instruments.

AMICA International News BulletinVolume 21 Number 6 August 1984

CONTENTS

115117121

124

124

127

130

132

1985 CONVENTIONDETROIT, MICHIGAN

JUNE 17-21

AFFILIATED SOCIETIESThe Player Piano Group (England)The North West Player Piano

Association (England)Netherlands Mechanical Organ.

Society - KDVAustralian Collectors of Mechanical

Musical InstrumentsDutch Pianola AssociationSociety of Friends of Mechanical

Musical Instruments (Germany)

BULLETIN DEADLINES FOR 1984September 10 for September/October issueOctober 10 for November issueNovember 10 for December issue

AMICA InternationalPeople .News from the ChaptersForumInstruments

TechnicalitiesBook Review

Rolls and Music

FOUNDING CHAPTER IOWAPres: Phil McCoy Pres: AI JohnsonVice Pres: Isadora Koff Vice Pres: George AplandTreas: Bob Wilcox SeciTreas: Bob ShimpSec/Reporter: Jack & Dianne Reporter: Jack Niewoehner

Edwards BOSTON AREASOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Pres: Barry Kasindorf

Pres: Warren & Rosemary Deasy Vice P~es: Judy WelshVice Pres: Jerry Pell Sec: Bill ~?enlgsbergSec: Holly & Peggy Hollingsworth Treas: Philip KonopTreas: Larry Norman Reporter: Donald BrownReporter: Bill Toeppe NORTHERN LIGHTS

TEXAS Pres: Steve LeppaPres: Bob Smith Vice Pres: Terry GoepelVice Pres: John Morris Sec/Reporter: Barbara LeppaSeclTreas: Carole Beckett Treas: Robert & Katheryn Dum,Reporter: Wade Newton SIERRA·NEVADA

MIDWEST Pres: Bob PattonPres: Edwin Ward Vice Pres: Doug MahrVice Pres: Ruth Owen Sec/Treas: Audrey WintersSec: Lawrence & Margaret Frazer Reporter: Rick SimmsTreas: Alvin Wulfekuhl CHICAGO AREAReporter: Sue Ricca Pres: Jim Edwards

PHILADELPHIA AREA Vice Pres: Carol DaytonPres: Bob Taylor & Mabel ZivinVice Pres: Frank Diamond Sec: Bob & Gloria TaylorSec: Frank Basil Treas: Bill & Dee KavourasTreas: Len Wert Reporter: Mike EhartReporter: Bob Rosencrans HEART OF AMERICA

SOWNY (SOUTHERN ONTARIO, Pres: Ron Connor .WESTERN NY) Vice Pres: Tom Hellstem

Pres' lanet Drewniak Sec: Leonard RailsbackVice PH'S: Carl Guhlow Treas: Margar~t Taylor.Spc: Alice Guhlow Reporter: Katie HellstemTreas: Mike Walter SOUTHEAST AREA:Reporter: Fred Buchwald Pres: John O'Loughlin

ROCKY MOUNTAIN Vice Pres: Norman ArnoldPres: Jere De Backer SeclTreas: David BurkeVice Pres: Bill Arthur Reporter: David BurkeSec: Rae Burdetter GATEWAYTreas: Art Tarr Pres: Del SewellReporter: Deane & Patty Vice Pres: Paul Stelzner

Fehrman SeclTreas: Jean WiegandNEW JERSEY Reporter: Marilyn McGartland

Pres: Oliver VitakisVice Pres: Lenny FinkelRec Sec: Millie FreyerCorr Sec: Margery VitakisTreas: John EllemsReporter: Richard Groman

I ulI~m' UEU 1m' !1,lI1llI~EI' '~i UElLS j~1 'm' I(!l' 'EU I~i 1m' U

New Address for the Publisherby Dorothy Bromage

When you put all the facts into the computer and it comesout "Move!" then that is what you do. As of August 21, I will bea resident of the state of Maine. I leave Califomia August 9 andwill be en route until August 21. Am taking the whole Pub­lisher job with me, along with two pianos, two organs andeverything else I own.

Here is the new address:

-../ Dorothy Bromage, PublisherPOB 275 Cape Cottage BranchCape Elizabeth, Maine 04107

Until I am able to publish the new phone number, you canreach me as follows: Dial area code 207lwhich is for the entirestate of Maine) then 555-1212 and tell the information operatoryou want the city of Cape Elizabeth. If all goes well, theoperator will give you the number for Dorothy Bromage. If thisstrategy fails, call AMICAn Jeff Bromage, my son, at 207-799­2021, and he or wife Chris, can tell you how to get in touchwith me.

The next issue of the Bulletin will be the SeptemberlOctober issue, with a deadline of September 10. I do not foreseeany problem with getting the mail if everyone will change allrecords involving the Bulletin. See inside of back mailingcover for assistance with this.

0, U5 0

Beginning in August, 1983, the By-Laws Committee ofRoberta Cherney (Redwood City, California,) Robert Moore(Reno, Nevada,) and Molly Yeckley (Castalia, Ohio,) set towork with an exchange of letters regarding by-laws and theirchanges/revisions. Ideas flew back and forth until almostChristmas, when it was decided that a work session would bein order.

In January, 1984, I flew to California to meet there withRobert and Bob. This was NOT done at AMICA's expense, Ihasten to say. We met at Roberta's home for two consecutivesessions which resulted in some (we thought) excellent ideas.

Bob Moore spent a half-day in Sacramento being shuffledfrom one office to another inquiring as to the AMICA by-lawscurrently on file there. Roberta Cherney kindly typed up theresults of our work and sent copies to Bob and me.

Treasurer Mike and Liz Barnhart called my attention tochanges in the California code regulating tax-exempt corpora­tions which would affect AMICA so we decided to ask advicefrom Tim Needler, member of both AMICA and ATOS(American Theatre Organ Society) which is also chartered inCalifornia and which recently underwent a revision of theirby-laws. Mr. Needler referred me to Preston "Sandy" Fleet,also a dual AMICA-ATOS member, who was in office at the .r'"""time ATOS's by-laws were reworked.

Mr. Fleet was of the opinion that there were no publishedlist of changes, nor was there a book of guidelines which wemight follow. We then contacted Attorney Elizabeth Eisner ofSan Diego, who had done the work for ATOS at a reasonablefee. Bob Moore, AMICA legal adviser, said that this was not hisfield of expertise. Ms. Eisner has been represented to us as alegal expert in the field of non-profit corporations in the State _of California.

She quoted us a price of $700, but in the letter sent out forboard approval we asked for UP to $1200 in case the job wasmore involved than she thought.

I believe that it is important that AMICA not be in dangerof losing its tax-exempt status. This would greatly affect bulle­tin mailing costs, donations to archives, and future museuminstrument donations.

Chapter Sixteenby Dorothy Bromage

At the 1984 Convention in Kansas City, a new chapter wasadded to the existing count of 15 for AMICA. The GatewayChapter is now official after meeting and getting organized formonths. See News from the Chapters for more information onthat. With Del Sewell as President, the group will conductchapter affairs in the St. Louis, Missouri area.

Here is a list of charter members:Robert and Carol BeckerPaul and Janice KriwvJoe LorbergMarilyn McGartlandBill MikkoBill and Ginger ReichertDel and Nor SewellBob and Pat SpencerPaul and Jane StelznerTrebor and Jeanette TichenorRoger and Jean WiegardDeane and Carole WileyYousuf and Mary WilsonFred and Gloria ZahnCarl and Veronica Ringer

ConventionewsReports of the Convention will appear in this

issue of the Bulletin and the next.We begin with reports submitted to the Execu­

tive Board at its meeting on June 20, 1984.

Vice President's Report for 1983-1984

/'

Congratulations to you AMICA members whose zip codebegins with 018.

Beginning with the July 1984 issue, the number of Bulletinlabels for all 018 folks got up to ten. This is the magic numberfor speedier mail service as far as the Bulletin is concerned. Alllabels with 10 or more having the first digits the same are (1)bundled together at the mailing party, (2) identified by the topBulletin getting a green 3 sticker and (3) moved by the PostOffice as a unit toward the mail distribution center for the 018address. Take heed, other parts of the country!

There was very little activity during the last year. Threerentals were made; 2 of tapes and 1 of a Super 8 movie. Thatyielded a total income to the club of $15.00 for the year.

However, last September, Bob Taylor sent me his videotape r­of the Bethlehem Convention for the video library. At the timehe requested that I make him a copy of the tape, so that hewould retain his record of the convention.

The cost to the club for the VHS copy of the Bethlehemtape for Bob Taylor is $25.00. I did not bill the club for this

<> 116 <>

That's Great, 018!by Dorothy Bromage

Molly Yeckley, Vice President

1983 -1984 Audio-VisualCommittee Report

l{ICllJg~m~illCfficmICIHICCCRlC\IICffiR::OOjCCIilC\lC~Cll~~I~~

News f'-()J'" tl"e ella'IJters

GATEWAYReporter: Marilyn McCartney

The Gateway Chapter held the sixth in a series of bi­monthly meetings on Sunday afternoon, June 17th, at thehome of Yousuf and Mary Wilson, in O'Fallon, MO., 20 mileswest of St. Louis. About twenty members attended.

During a short business meeting, President Del Sewellreported on progress made toward formal acceptance of theChapter into AMICA International, and outlined plans to at­tend the national convention in Kansas City.

Music soon filled the house the Wilsons had built them­selves. A barrel street piano made in Spain and pushed on a cartthrough the streets of St. Louis, an upright player piano, and aTanzbar were played by the group.

A short walk across the grass was a large building thathoused a workshop for the complete restoration of playerpianos, our hosts' full-time occupation. A recently rebuilt andrefinished Cable baby grand piano played the members' Rec­ordo rolls. Among the miscellaneous upright pianos beingrepaired was a piano with a carved case, believed to have beenbuilt for the 1904 World's Fair in St. Louis.

The meeting had been planned for the out-of-doors, on theWilsons' extensive patio under the trees, but with the temper-

.-/ ature and the humidity both near 90, members opted for thecomfort of the house, where refreshments were served. Thehot sun did interrupt the propensity for rain that fell on all themeetings to organize the new Chapter. The first attempt in theSt. Louis area was initiated by Del Sewell, who sent letters topeople listed in the AMICA directory, inviting them to hishome on June 26,1983 to discuss forming a chapter. Election ofofficers included:

Del Sewell - PresidentPaul Stelzner - Vice-presidentJean Wiegand - Secretary-Treasurer

Del Sewell pumping the piano while Fred 2ahn, Paul Stelznerand Carl Ringer look on.

At the October meeting in Washington, Mo., at the homeof Paul and Jane Stelzner, members accepted the by-laws andagreed on the name of "Gateway Chapter."

Roger and Jean Wiegand invited guests from the St. LouisTheater Organ Society to their home in December. Films on"Great-Working of Steam Engines" from a rally Roger attendedin England were shown. Many of these steam engines wereused to power band organs and carousels at fairs and circuses.

Members and their families drove to New Berlin, Illinois inApril to tour the Ringer Musical Museum. The afternoon wasspent viewing the collection as explained by Carl Ringer. Hisson, Doug, and wife helped with the demonstration. A catereddinner was served.

The next meeting will be held at the home of Fred andGloria Zahn in August. This will be the first anniversary of avisit to see their collection in August, 1983, and a full reportwill be sent for the next issue.

lean Wiegand tries her technique on the Tanzbar while Mari­lyn McGartland and Paul Stelzner watch.

CHICAGO AREAReporter: Jim Edwards

Chicago Chapter, famous for its meetings, out-did itselfthis Spring with a unique gathering at the home of Larry andCarol Dupon in Chicago. No, Felix did not swing with a girl ona swing ... the girl in question has been dead for years! Whatdid go on at the Dupon household?

Our hosts for the afternoon meeting have a terrific collec­tion of assorted music boxes with a heavy emphasis on earlyphonographs. Larry and Carol showed members of the chaptertheir extensive collection after a special presentation by Felix

<> 121 <>

Ganz. Felix used Larry's reproducing piano to illustrate re­marks he had on the subject of reproducing piano rolls. Rollsby Bauer, Rachmaninoff, and Paderewski made of the samecompositions were compared for their musical value. Felix,scores in hand, commented on the artist's skill or lack of skillin sticking to the composer's wishes. Needless to say, the"legendary greats" did not let the score or a precise beat get inthe way of what they wanted to do at the keyboard or shouldwe say what the public wanted them to do! Dr. Ganz's talk wasboth educational and highly entertaining. If dePachmann andBorge had been in the audience they would have had to ac­knowledge the wit and showmanship of Felix. Those in atten­dance were spellbound for an hour.

What about the girl on the red velvet swing? Was there anembalmed girl in pink tights swinging in the comer of Larry'sliving room as Felix and the reproducing piano roared on? No.What was in the corner of the room was a magnificent StellaOrchestral Grand! This beautiful looking and soundingmachine's cabinet is of San Domingo mahogany with hand

BOSTON AREAReporter: Don Brown

/'The Boston Area Chapter headed south to Attleboro to

open house at the grand Victorian home of Herman Bender.The group gathered in the parlor, where our host began a tourof his home and collection. In this room were two lady mani­kins, dressed in 1800 garb, and they seemed to be real periodhostesses.

A Seeburg KT Nickelodeon, playing in the corner, was thepiano instrument in the collection. Later, it was silenced sothat we could hear a Regina 20-inch changer-musical boxperform. Also in this room were 2 stained glass windows thathad been acquired before the home was bought, and these fitthe window frames of the house perfectly.

The tour moved into the foyer and to the staircase. Theturned balustrade and finish woodwork complimented thesymphonion grandfather clock on the first landing. The hands

Marv Horowitz, Barry Kasindorj and group play KT Nickelo- /­deon.

The Stella and friend.

carvings. In addition, it is of great historical interest because ofits one-time owner. The Stella was custom made for the familyof Evelyn Nesbitt - the femme fatale of the famous Thaw­White murder case of the early part of this century. The storyof this love triangle - jealous abusive husband, worldly ar­chitect, and sweet former showgirl Evelyn - was the subjectof a movie entitled "The Girl on the Red Velvet Swing" in1954. Last year on television an adaptation of the story wasshown, starring Ed Asner as the architect Stanford White.

We also had a business meeting and then there was food ingreat abundance and variety.

This summer our annual Fleaswimnic meeting will be atthe home of Fred and Marcy Plank on August 12th. Sometimein October we will be gathering at the famous Clock museumin Rockford, Illinois for our last meeting of the year. Why notjoin us for one of these meetings? Trivia Question: Who playedthe part of Evelyn Nesbitt in the movie "The Girl on the RedVelvet Swing"?

Gee . .. this is fun! Could we have our cellar fixed like thist

'y

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Barry Kasindor{ leading business meeting.

The Hazards enjoying the arcade basement.

Herman Bender showing his Samuel Troll desk box.

KT Nickelodeon, invaded by Koenigsberg and friends.

were advanced to make it play its 13-inch disc, which nor­mally plays on the hour.

On the second landing was a desk model Samuel Troll &Fils Orchestral6-cylinder musical box with an organ section.It played "Rule Britannia" and had a repertoire of48 airs. Everypart looked brand new.

Next we trouped down to the finished basement, wheremany early 1900 penny-arcade machines were in operation.These included pin-ball machines, electric shock machines,grandmother fortune teller, electric-eye shooting gallery, Roc­kola and Wurlitzer juke boxes, and more; all with buffalonickels to operate them!

After some refreshments, our President Barry Kasindorfconducted a short business meeting. Some possible summermeeting plans were discussed. The chapter enjoyed the turn ofthe century experience at the Herman Bender home.

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New Theatre Organ Recording

"FATS WALLER AT THE ORGAN" includes: MOTEN:18th Street Strutj COOK/HAYWARD: I'm Coming Virgina;JOHNSON/CREAMER: 1£ I could be with You (One HourTonight); WALLER: Laughin' Cryin Bluesj WILLIAM/WALLER: Midnight Blues; Squeeze Me; JOHNSONIBARGER: Do it! Mister So and So; WEBB/HONESTY: Clear­ing House Bluesj Hammed: Don't Try to Take My Loving ManAway; GRAINGER/ROBIINS: Tain't Nobody's Bizness 1£ I Do;and others.

"Fats" is said to have preferred the organ to the piano, butmade only a few sides, the latest in London in 1938. These arenot they. The sources are piano rolls that he cut in the early1920s. Properly inserted in the stripped-down mechanism of aplayer piano, these have been fed into an improved andenlarged COMPTON THEATRE ORGAN (initially with fourmanuals, a pedalboard, and 10 ranks of pipes) by a processwhose complexities are detailed in the liner naotes. This waseffected only after a painstaking study of Waller's own organrecordings and other relevant documents. We are assured thatwe can now hear "what Fats really sounded like at theTHEATRE ORGAN".

In the mid-20s Fats Waller worked as an organist at Har­lem's Lincoln Theatre. Count Basie saw him play there: "Iheard a young fellow beating it out on the organ. From thattime on I was a daily customer, hanging on to his every note,fascinated with the ease his hands pounded the keys and hisfeet manipulated the pedals." Ashton Stephens wrote that"the organ is the favourite instrument of Fats' heart; and thepiano only of his stomach."

This unique new release features 14 tracks originally cutby Fats as piano rolls between 1923 and 1927, transposedthrough a player-piano mechanism to the Compton TheatreOrgan (details included on record jacket). $8.00 plus $1.50postage. (Foreign postage $5.00).

To make this album as authentic as possible, RONALDCURTIS spent many weeks studying Waller's recordings, par­ticularly his 1938 recordings made on the Compton Organ atH.M.V. studios, to get a feel for his techniques and choices ofregistrationj the results are simply breathtaking. Availablefrom THE ORGAN LITERATURE FOUNDATION, 45 Nor­folk Rd., BRAINTREE, MA 02184

,/"

About the Cover(Letter from Ron Connor)

As you recall you asked me to photograph my harp forpossible use as a Bulletin cover. As I lack a really good back­ground for photos I think the enclosed drawing by Don Geyrawould be better. Don, who is my daughter's fiance, has beenvisiting us for a few days and volunteered to make the drawing.He is a scenic artist from New York City where he doesscenery for plays, operas and movies. He is also a fine artist andhas five one man shows to his credit. I jumped at his offer and Ihope you like the results. He has drawn it with the Hoefflersign on it as it is on my harp. Hoeffler was a company whichoperated a number of instruments in the Milwaukee, Wis. areaand replaced the original sign with their own.

Wurlitzer Harpby Ron Bopp

The fantastic Wurlitzer harp was manufactured by the J. W.Whitlock Company in Rising Sun, Indiana from 1899 to themid-teens. Wurlitzer sold approximately 2500 harps under itsname and these machines were quite popular. Iniatially theWurlitzer harps were just found in Cincinnati but, later,taverns and ice cream parlors throughout would have a Wur­litzer harp.

Today, the Wurlitzer harp is a cherished member of anyAMICAn's collection. Unfortunately the numbers availableare few and the price is high, therefore, the reason for the 1984AMICA Convention table favor: the chance for more of us toown a Wurlitzer harp!

Ron Connor, our Heart of America Chapter member, singlehandedly tackled the chore of producing the Wurlitzer harptable favor. Isolated in Northern Arkansas with time on hishands. Ron has made a wonderful model from 22 pieces of .wood and metal.

Musical movements were obtained from Japan with thehelp of AMICAn's Ben and Mary Lilien. The tune selected was"In the Good Ole Summertime," since the Japanese couldn'tget "Everything's Up to Date in Kansas City" pinned on amusical movement.

The first parts were cut out, drilled and sanded before anyassembly could take place. The notches for the piano stringswere routed out with precision. Using a jig, the pieces of the

-..case were carefully placed together, making sure that all sur­faces lined up, and then glued together. After assembly, thebasic case was ready for further assembly. In order to get theoak veneer to adhere to the case, iron-on glue was applied withthe resultant case as in the picture. Next was the cutting of theveneer pieces. Care was taken to ensure accuracy so fittingwould be correct. Of course, sanding of the case with theveneer on was a necessity for that polished look.

One of the more difficult parts of the Wurlitzer harp favorwas the assembly of the front piece. Ron made jigs to facilitatethis difficult proiect. The jigs were useful to cut out the severalhundred curved pieces needed. Once this was accomplished,assembly of the front piece was easier and the harp came closerto being finished. The musical movement was the last item togo into this interesting table favor before it was complete.

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Mechanical music intheWest Countryby Mitch Pryce. Photographs by Roger Jones.

If you are touring the West Countrynext summer you may be fortunateenough to hear Ignacy Jan Paderewski,the famous Polish pianist, playing tosome of the smallest audiences of his

. distinguished career. Paderewski died in1941, but his music lives on in the formof self-playing pianos that reproduce hisperformances complete with pedalling,phrasing and expression.

The pianos are part of three fascin­ating collections of mechanical musicalinstruments, all to be found within reachofeach other in the West Country.

Collector Paul Corin is now 78 buthas been involved with mechanicalmusic since he was a boy at Westmin­ster School. When, in 1967, ill healthforced him to close down his flour mill atSt Keyne, near Liskeard, the then chair­man of Cornwall County Council en­couraged Corin to open his collection tothe public. It is now deservedly one ofCornwall's tourist attractions.

The Old Mill has been converted intoan exhibition hall to display some of themagnificent instruments in the collec­tion, such as the 8 ton Mortier danceorgan from Belgium, the rare Hanoverfair organ, and a Welte Orchestrionfrom Germany which mimics thesounds of a full orchestra throughresonators on reed stops.

Corin's 33-year-<Jld son Pip is evenmore dedicated than his father to thepreservation of the instruments andwhen the Old Mill is closed to the publiche spends hours renovating, rebuildingand tuning them, in addition to keeping

a sharp eye on the market for additionsto the collection. He is an accomplishedmusician and can perform a rousingtum on the Hupfeld theatre organ madein Leipzig; the quality trade name fromthe 19th century is still used by theGerman .Democratic Republic'sstate-owned company.

Farther north and just over theDevon border in Thornbury, RonaldLeach displays his 20-year-old collec­tion in the Devon Museum of Mechan­ical Music. It includes a giant 84-keyfairground organ built in 1919 which ona quiet night can be heard a mile away.Leach has raised £12,000 for variouscharities playing it across the country.

His collection also includes tinymusical boxes, a mechanical jazz bandand a reproducing piano which can playoriginal Paderewski but which rarelydoes, due to a lack of popular demand.The summer tourists are much morelikely to appreciate less intellectuallydemanding pieces such as "If YouKnew Susie" and "Tiger Rag".

The third collection in the area is atGoldsithney near Penzance, whereDouglas and Shelagh Berriman haveexpanded their mechanical music col­lection to include magic lantern andbioscope displays and an old pennyarcade. But their showpiece is possibly aviolin which plays itself with metal"fingers" and a circular bow.

For most visitors, their main link withmechanical music is likely to have beenthe Pianola, the foot-<:ontrolled music­roll player found in many a parlour in

From Paul Corin's museum atLiskeard, a 1933 dance hall organ and,centre right, a fair organ, c 1910. FromRonald Leach's museum, right, an 1894Polyphon and, bottom right, a musicalsnuffbox of 1820.

the early 20th century. But the Pianola,manufactured by the American Aeo­lian Company, represents the tip of theiceberg of mechanical music, most ofwhich melted in the face of the over­whelming success of the gramophoneand the wireless set

Although evidence suggests thatmechanical music was attempted 300years before the birth of Christ, its widerpopularity really began in the 17th cen­tury, peaked in the late 19th century,and faded between the two world wars.

The musical box owed its popularityto Antoine Favre, a Swiss watchmaker,who in 1796 perfected a "means ofestablishing carillons without bells orhammers" using a tuned steel toothplucked, in the earliest examples, eitherby pins set in a flat wheel or by pro­jections set in the outer surface of thespring barrel, producing an acceptablepitch within a tiny mechanism.

The musical box became increasinglypopular during the 19th century, andnew designs were introduced to satisfypublic demand. But by the 1880s amusical box which played and changedperforated tin discs, thus giving a widerrepertory of tunes at a cheaper price,superseded the cylinder and comb boxes.

inventions usually result from .-+

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From Ronald Leach's coUection, a 1904-05 Phonograph, a fair organ and, at right, an automatic jazz band.

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/'

Ronald Leach operating a Celestina hand·tuned portable reed organ.

the efforts of more than one person, as inthe case of changeable discs. But the un·usual thing about Ellis Parr of Londonand Paul Lochmann of Leipzig, whopatented their inventions in Englandwithin a week ofeach other in 1885, wasthat instead of fighting in the courts theyagreed to co-operate in buUding theSymphonium, the forerunner of thegramophone. Its runaway success madeLeipzig the new capital of mechanicalmusic. Even when two of Lochmann'sbest workers left to set up a rival com·pany, the market was big enough forboth to thrive.

At the wealthier end of the market,orcheslJions were being produced insmaller numbers in Berlin, the BlackForest and Leipzig. Many of these im·pressive monsters spent their uves in theconservatories of larger houses, andwere hand-eranked by butlers. Othersoccupied dance halls and skating rinks

.where they saved the proprietors thecost ofhiring a band.

Music for the common man wasmore likely to be in the form ofpneumatic player pianos which used jetsof air under pressure to work the notes.The invention of pleated cardboardmusic and paper rolls with perforationswhich passed over pedal-operated airjets and activated the hammers weremajor developments that helped tolower the price of these mechanicalinstruments. The reproducing piano, asophisticated version of the playerpiano, was patronized by Paderewski,along with other famous names includ­ing Grieg, Debussy, Faure, Glazunov,Mahler, Ravel and Richard Strauss.Fairground organs also used perforatedcardboafd music and helped make thereputations of Gaviou of Paris andMortier ofAntwerp.

Thanks to the West Country collec­tions, and also the more widely knownMuseum of Frank Holland at Brent­ford, the achievements of the past arenot being forgotten.

<> 127 <>

Technicalities

Further Hot Glue Commentaryby Craig Brougher

Correction to article on Hot Animal Glue, May/June '84,by Craig Brougher. An error was pointed out to me concerningAlum. A slip of the pen called this Ammonium Floride, whichis decidedly not true. Alum is short for Aluminum Sulphate ofPotassium, and is used to make crispy pickles.

Concerning some other chemicals mentioned, it occurredto me tha t you may not know where to buy them. Caustic sodais as old as clean people and clean clothes. Grandma used it,and it can be purchased without trembling or fear in thegrocery store. The auto paint stores carry gallons of a rustremover by DuPont that is mainly phosphoric acid. It is usedwith steel wool to dissolve rust. Glacial acetic acid is not anosegay unless it is deodorfied, then it has no odor at all. It isavailable at any local photographic supply shop.

Oxalic acid is sold by the pound as a powder. You candissolve it either in lacquer thinner or water and use it as ableach. It will take the skin off if you use it like phosphoricacid, but follow the instructions. It is available at refinishers'supply houses, mail order and local.

It is assumed that the user doesn't intend these chemicalsto be ingredients in his next tossed salad. To tell readers not todrink them would be insulting anyone's good sense. Fearfulsouls should know enough not to buy them.

Caveat!by Jeffrey Morgan

Concerning the treatise written by Mr. Brougher on hotanimal hide glue in the May/June 1984 AMICA Bulletin, Imust agree with the gentleman that alum has been used foryears as a strengthening and waterproofing additive for hotanimal hide glues. However, his definition of alum is danger­ously inaccurate. Alum is defined by Reinholds' sixth editionof the CONDENSED CHEMICAL DICTIONARY as:

alum. Refers to hydrated double sulfates of aluminumand univalent metals such as potassium, sodium orammonium. These usually crystallize easily from so­lutions containing proper proportions of the dissolvedsulfates, the compositions being KzSO. - Alz(SO.)J ­24HzO, (NH.!zSO. - AIz(SO.)J - 24HzO, etc. These aredistinguished as potash alum, ammonium alum. Theformulas are sometimes written as KAI[SO.)z - 12HzO.The term alum is also applied to analogous compoundsof other trivalent metals such as iron and chromium.Thus (NHz)zSO. - Fez(SO.)3 - 24HzO is ammoniumferric alum. Aluminum sulfate itself, or its hydratesare sometimes incorrectly referred to as alums, espe­cially in the paper industry.

Alum, N.F. XI, refers either to ammonium alum orpotassium alum.

-r

Now You Can Lose ­Those Ball Bleed Blues

by Craig Brougher

especially useful when fish glue is used, as fish glue is highlyacidic. Fish glue was used extensively by the Aeolean Corp. inthe early part of this century as well as by the StandardPneumatic Action Co. during the hide glue and shellac shor- /"tages of World War One.

One of the cleverest innovations in reproducership has tobe Clarence Hickman's Model B Ampico. Using Stoddard'smethod of roll cutting, this player could not only play theearlier rolls with perfection, but given its own specially cutroll, was even able to improve on the dynamics, having both asub-intensity, which was a lower pressure than any reproducerhad ever achieved, and an amplified intensity which raised thetop power of the piano about 15-20% due to two main factors;no air motor to bleed away power from the pump, and a 40"pump pressure direct to the stack. Crashes are as instantane­ous as a Duo-Art but with less of a sense of anticipation, hencepreceding subtleties are also executed with emotion and notradeoff is required to provide for a crash. Naturally, a lot ofrealism is dependent upon the roll, and roll quality ran thegamut in both companies. Therefore, it is still very difficult tocompare instruments unless you pick a few classics whichwere recut for the Ampico from Duo-Art masters by AeolianCorporation. The question then might be: /lWas the remaster­ing perfect?/I

The purpose of the ball bleed was to do away with theprimary valve which Ampico had always used, due to themuch longer distance its valves were placed from the tracker­bar than the Duo-Art, and hence its lower sensitivity to stac­cato notes. (Although Welte licensee had equally long tubingruns, its-valve was better suited to it than was the Ampico.) Inaddition, the Ampico B has even longer tubing than does themodel A. In a 5"4" Chickering, for example, the ave. totallength per note is about 5'6". Adding this bled volume to anadditional chamber under the valve's pouch screen, you easilydouble the valve's recovery time. As a result, even in a per­fectly operating model B. you may find a rare roll or two thatfails to play every delicate trill or faint staccato, strictly as aresult of the increased bled volume between the trackerbarand the pouch. Although the valve is more sensitive, it is notquite as fast to recover. Thus, we see a new innovation: Thefirst intensity adjuster. This was hailed as a cure·all for sea­sonal changes. Baloney! Ampicos are self adjusting againstseasonal changes if restored correctly. Ampico Corp. did thisto take care of the few rolls which might still be around whichwould play marginally in a few places. Overall, however, themodel B could outplay even the model A on its own rolls.

Visualize for a moment a customer walking into a pianowareroom of the 30's. He picks a couple of rolls at random andproceeds to test out several pianos with them, comparingperformances. How many newer models of Ampico do youthink the store would sell if its latest piano failed to play theroll the customer selected as well as the earlier models? ,"-

How did the instrument do this? Although this is a goodsubject for another article, the basic key to its ability to play onsub-intensities, (that is, intensities under which no other re­producer could reliably operate without missing notesI is theball bleed.

o 128 0

The alum used for strengthening and waterproofing vari­ous animal hide glues is potassium alum or, more accurately,aluminum potassium sulfate Ah(S04)J - K2S04 - 24H20. Am­monium fluoride is an acidic, poisonous, active salt that,among other things, will even etch glass! It is assuredly notalum, and grandma would have gotten into a lot of troublewith it.

I would strenuously discourage anyone without extensiveexperience in chemistry and extensive working knowledge ofvarious animal hide glues from fooling around with additivesfor hot animal hide glue destined for use in automatic musicalintruments. As manufacturered today, quality animal hideglues, either for hot or cold use, are more than adequate asthey are, [for glueing applications needed on automatic musi­cal instruments) without the necessity for additives. Oneshould be aware that most quality hot animal hide glues al­ready contain a number of additives used by the manufacturerto prevent mildew, limit bacterial action and optimise theirworking characteristics.

Mr. Brougher may be correct in implying that glue ad­ditives can be useful, but in presenting this information toenthusiastic amateurs and home rebuilders, especially in theform of 'folk chemistry' without accurate information,specific formUlas, and in some cases very ambiguous mea­surements, he cannot help but encourage dubious experimen­tation.

Some of the chemicals he mentions (especially glacial ace­tic acid to mention only one) can be quite hazardous in inex­perienced hands; to say nothing of incurring previously unat­tained levels of havoc that will be wreaked on automaticmusical instruments by potential experimentation by other­wise well-meaning rebuilders. These above mentioned situa­tions can be even further intensified when this experimenta­tion is based on misinformation. I cannot think of a betterexample of the phrase /lA little bit of knowledge can be adangerous thing. /I

Mr. Brougher does present some very useful informationconcerning hot animal hide glue; however, I feel that when hegets to the part about additives, a disservice could be renderedto proper restoration of automatic musical instruments.

I might add that if your glue starts to stink, throw it out!Smelly glue is due to residual bacterial action and indicateseither inferior glue or a batch kept too long. It is foolisheconomy to try to save a batch of glue that is past its prime byadding caustic soda, also extremely hazardous as the elevatedtemperature of the glue could intensify the exothermic reac­tion that occurs when caustic soda contacts water, causingone's face to be splattered with hot caustic soda (lye). I wouldrecommend wearing appropriate safety equipment if onechooses to perform this operation.

Hot animal hide glue should be made fresh daily! Amountsprepared should be adjusted so that there is very little ornothing left to throw out at the end of the day. In addition, Iwould never recommend heating the glue to over 1500 F. and 1might recommend a working temperature of 1450 F. plus orminus 20 F.

In any discussion of glue additives, one should not over­look the use of whiting (calcium carbonate, generically knownas precipitated chalk) as an additive to both hot animal hideglues and fish glues. This substance has been used for years inthe pipe organ industry to both extend and give flexibility toglue. It also has the ability to partially neutralize residual acidsin glues, thus somewhat mitigating the potential corrosiveaction when glue is to come into contact with metal. It is

CLASSIFIEDFOR SALE

DUO·ART ROLL AUCTION. Well-organized new list every 2 monthswith many hard-to-find rolls. Accurate descriptions. Send for currentlist. Ralph Schack, P.O. Box 58806, Los Angeles, Ca. 90058.

FOR SALE: 50 (fifty) original Ampico A and B piano rolls, good play­able condition, mostly classical, large size (not Jumbo). Sell in lot onlyfor $5.00 each. Bill Koenigsberg, 77 High Pine Circle, Concord, MA01742. Phone 617-369-8523.

FOR SALE 25 AMPICO Popular rolls in original boxes. All rolls in goodcondition. $125.00 post paid. DON HUENE, 201 N. Valeria, Fresno, Ca.93701

PLAY·RITE: QRS and Klavier rolls: 35% discount for small minimumquantities. Catalogs 25¢ each for postage. For price list write VintagePiano Workshop, 208 Dartmouth Dr., NE, Alburquerque, NM 87106.

PIANO RESTORERS DREAM COME TRUE Piano decals for fall boardsand soundboards (some available for the first time) can now beapplied by both professional restorer and novice alike! No chemicalsneeded! No solvents to apply! No messy cleanup! And you can finishover immediately in lacquer or varnish! Decals are of the highestquality artwork and color. Call or write for brochure and sample.Decals Unlimited, 9333 96th St. No., Mahtomedi, MN 55115 (612) 429­4465.

STEINWAY·WELTE grand, 1916 German made RED roll in a.6'8" Thujawood veneer. About 150 rolls. Plays beautifully. Am planning to sellhouse, can't take piano with me. Carl Hillyer, Boonville, NY 13309 (315)942-2387.

AEOLlAN·SKINNER DUO·ART residence organ. 7% ranks, Opus 902from about 1931. Fits into room 8' high and 8' by 10' approximate.Walnut console, rocker tabs, 47 rolls. Organ nice, player unrestored.Was asking $8,500 last year but now only $7,500. Am planning to move.Car,1 Hillyer, Boonville, NY 13309 (315) 942-2387.

AEOLIAN DUO·ART CONCERTOLA - 10 roll reproducing organplayer. Model 'B' Concertola in pristine operating, condition - SerNo. 362. Probably the last Concertola made. $5000. Lester L. Wolff,1962 Hawaii Ave., N.E. St. Petersburg, FL 33703 813-525-4429

PIANO ROLL CLOSEOUT ••• Ampico, Duo-Art & Wurlitzer. SASEfor list. Also entire AMICA membership list on gummed labels, 2 sets.2000+ names. $15.00. F. Cabra, 19 Keats Ct., Bethpage, NY 11714.

DUO·ART 1925 STROUD UPRIGHT Completely rebuilt and re­finished electric or pump $2500. Ronald Neitz, 172 Bishop St.,Framingham, MA 01701 617-875-8352.

FREE CATALOGUES: Old piano rolls and sheet music for sale. Manyscarce items. We also buy. Send stamp for each list to: RAGTIMES, Box367, Port Washington, NY 11050.

ANNOUNCING A NEW SERVICE - ROLLS BY MAIL ORDER. AI'sPlayer Roll and Piano Service. Not an auction. All types player rolls,rare, foreign, Big Band era, etc. AI Greco, Box 2329, Boston, MA02107.Watch for ads to come in the Bulletin.

FOR SALE: Original Duo-Art Rolls (Please Write For Price List) Also: A. Welte-Mignon "Vorsetzer" Cabinet Player in Good, Restorable Condi­

tion. Edmund A. Hennessy, 1726 Santa Monica Road, Carpinteria, CA93013. (805) 684-3725

./ PIANO ROLL AUCTIONS every month by mail. All types of reproduc­ing rolls plus hard-to-find rags, blues & 30's pops on 88-note. We alsofeature recuts of hot piano peformances on all formats plus our ownHot Piano Classics of rags and jazz never before on rolls! Go with theleader in the field since 1970. Free lists from Mike & Fred Schwimmer,241 Harbor St., Glencoe IL 60022.

KNABE GRAND REPRODUCING piano 5'8" Ampico "N' Serial 99496October 1925 Mahogany. 81 rolls included. Restrung refinished 1962.All player parts intact. $6000 or best offer. Donald J. Thompson, 192Weston Road, Lincoln, MA 01773. 617-259-0344.

FOR SALE: Collection of 120 Red Welte rolls. Classical and salon.Various conditions, but generally playable. A list of titles is available,but I prefer to sell the lot for $2000.00. Michael White, 427 CortlandtStreet, Houston, Texas 77007. 713-869-5762.

PRICES CUT! We are moving and can't take these rare instrumentswith us, so we cut the price in half! Large Barrel Orchestrian, Vossen.Beautifully ornamented glass front. Instrumentation - piano, mando­lin, wood block, tabourine and bell. 10 tunes, very impressive cabinet7'10" high, 5'10" wide, 2'10" deep. $1800. LINK JUKE BOX, 10 turntables,pneumatic action, electrically amplified sound, very rare. $2000. 818­363-6573 or 213-349-4747.

FOR SALE: 7' Oak Player Grand. Not a reproducer. Art Case.Refinished/Restrung. Piano/Player Action Rebuilt. Best Offer. ContactJerry Pell, P.O. Box 3, So. Laguna, CA 92677; 714/493-9579 eves.

MUST SELL - Welte-Original 5'4" Grand, Florentine carved case withmatching bench. Completely restored. $6,000.00, Richard Gurevich,859 Elm St., Winnipeg, Canada. Ph. 204-452-7009.

FOR SALE: 1926 Steinway XR Duo-Art grand reproducing piano, 6'2",mahogany case. Instrument is original, un restored and complete.Ivory keyboard is mint, no chips. A collector's delight $7,500.00. BillKoenigsberg, 77 High Pine Circle, Concord, MA, 01742. Call 1­617-369-8523.

STEINWAY GRAND DUO ART 6 ft. 1929 Excellent Condition Recentappraisal 20 to 25 thousand Full underneath cover. Bound Catalog ofartists and recordings. 150 rolls and cabinet. Asking 20 thousand orbest offer - 805-968-4839.

WELTE ORGAN ROLL PLAYER. 10 roll changer. Two call boxes. 72rolls. All rolls good condition and good titles. All remote machines.Entire unit installed and operating. Will not split machine rolls.$30,000. Charlie Kegg, 50 West Tompkins St., Columbus, Ohio, 43202,(614) 267-9564.

FOR SALE: 1925 Western Electric "MASCOT" Nickelodeon. Oak/Stained Glass. Mint restored inside and out. Choice cabinet styleinstrument. $7200.00 OBO. Shultz 5'1"Welte. Restored top to bottom.Good tone and expression. $5000 OBO. Charles Poulton, 7002 OakVista Circle, Tampa, FL 33614 (813) 885-4153.

WANTED

WANTED: Dutch street organ, Hohner roll - playing accordian,large/small collections of mechanical musical literature. Dick Howe,9318 Wickford, Houston, TX 77024.

MUSIC BOXES WANTED, cylinder and disc. Also buying monkeyorgans, musical watches, mechanical singing birds, player organettes,etc. WurJitzer 78 rpm jukeboxes. Martin Roenigk, 26 Barton Hill, EastHampton, CT 06424.203-267-8682.

WANTED: Any and all Steinway Duo-Art parts. Have gutted instru­ment. Price first letter. D. R. Huene, 201 N. Valeria, Fresno, CA 93701.

WANTED: Regina Music Box. Any condition. Will consider other diskand cylinder music boxes. Also want Wurlitzer Juke Box. Arnold Levin,2835 W. North Shore, Chicago, Illinois 60645. Phone 312-262-5965.

WANTED: Unrestored upright Ampico or Duo-Art. Don Strickhouser1634 Coral Drive, Santa Maria, CA 93454 (805) 928-7803.

WELTE LICENSEE ROLLS WANTED in good condition. Also needburled walnut roll cabinet in any condition. Call collect evenings: RickCrandall, 313-487-9001. 1366 Huron River Dr., Ypsilanti, MI 48197.

MIKE and FRED SCHWIMMER241 Harbor StreetGlencoe It 60022

Watch your mailboxes around Labor Dayfor a special Mail Auction of Duo-Artrolls. Included are many late, hard­to-find pop rolls from the 30's alongwith excellent classical selections.

We are mailing to all of you listed inthe Directory (and to recent new mem­bers) as owners of Duo-Art instruments.If you do not receive our mailing andwish to have a copy of the auction,please write and we will send you one.

We have been auctioning all types ofpiano rolls each month since May, 1970.We feature rags, blues and pops on 88­note as well as all types of reprodu­cing rolls. If you wish to receive ourregular monthly Auctions. please tellus with your bids or drop us a note.

Proud of Your Instrument?Have it Restored by Experts.

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Specialize in rebuilding all types of player pianosand other automatic musical instruments

Restring, rescale and repin instruments

Replace pin blocks, soundboards, hammers and otheraction parts

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Restore antiques

Over 20 years research and development inrebuilding pianos

Piano keys recovered, sharps & naturals

Send all or part of your instrument for properrestorations.

ATTENTION: DUO-ART OWNERS!

Highest Quality Parts forAMPICO & DUO-ART REPRODUCING PIANOS

Direct from Manufacturer

EACH PerH~

101 Duo-Art Valve Plates - $ .60 $ 55.00stainless steel

102 Ampico Valve Plates - .45 40.00stainless steel

103 Amhico Model B Ball Check .75 (1-10)B eeds exact replacement .70 (11 up) 65.00but new stick-free design

104A-D Ampico Model A Switches - 10.00 set of 4 = 36.00brass

105AorB Aluminum Valve Seats - .30 28.00specify which

106 Model A Wooden Arms for .88 78.00Stack

107 Teflon Inserts for Intensity 1.30Valve Wire

108 Teflon Bearings for Model A 3.00Spool

109AorB Harwood Buttons - specify 25.00Ya" or 5/32" hole

110 Wooden Ends for Pneumatics .35 30.00123 Shoulder Screws for Duo-Art .40

- heat treated111 Governor Tempo Slide Plate - 6.00

brass112 TRANSMISSION FRAME - 40.00

bronze**113 Switch Housing - bronze, 7.00

precision machined114 Expression Springs .75115 Valve Springs .20 .18116 Pneumatic Arms & Swivels .40

for Model B116A Swivels only .20117 Rubber Mounting Blocks for 16.00 = set of 4

Model A or B118 Metal Angle Support 6.00 = set of 2

Brackets151A Wood Blocks - single rod for .90 :~

Duo-Arts151B Wood Blocks - dual rods for 1.20

Duo-Arts152 Music Roll Automatic Punch 18.00 or .096 specify

- .052, .069, .078153 Tips for Eclipse Punch 4.00154 Tips for Center Punch .75156 Valve Gapping Tool 2.00

NEW ITEMS160 ConnectinPc Rods wltapered 20.00

wedges or Ampico Pump161 Model B Takeup Spool- 15.00

Aluminum Drum,prec. mach.

162 Model B Play Spool-Brass 15.00Drum, precision mach.

163 Model A Gaskets - finest 14.00cork available notrubberoid

164 Model B Gaskets - which 14.00hardens with age notrubberoid

165 Early A Gaskets - which 14.00hardens with age notrubberoid

166 Model B Deck - which 10.00hardens with age notrubberoid

167 Simplex Gaskets - which 14.00hardens with age notrubberoid

DUO-ART PUMP SPIDER ARMS rebuilt with precision sealed ball bear­ings & 8 new heat-treated support shafts. Write or call during week­ends.

**precision machined, trouble-free installation not like aluminuml -'undersized imitations of original

ALL PRICES ARE EO.B. POND EDDY, N. Y. Please add shipping charges.

PIANO WORKSHOPPh. 216-631-1777

24 hr. answering servo3166 W. 33 St.Cleveland, Ohio 44109

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only the worlds finest known grades of materials areused. They are always fresh and continually checked.

Hot glue and original materials used throughoutwherever possible.

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3500 Claremont Independence, Mo.s, (816) 254-1693 60542

""'.

VIDEOCASSETTESVHS or Beta 2

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*6. They all laughed ...7. Interview with Dr. Mana-Zucca8. Shura Cherkassky Interview9. A Potpourri of Performance

10. Covering Pneumatics11. Recovering Organ Regulators12. Rebuilding Duo-Art Valves13. Regulating the Duo-Art

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California residents please add sales tax. All orders areshipped postpaid. Special videocassette formats areavailable on request.

~~

!Q]t==~===========~~~. . .:.:..:..--==----=========~. DON RAND'S

COLLECTOR'S ~L...-/ -

'J'J ~ CLASSICS~t\M\TED EDIT\O~ REISSUES OF

RARE OLD ~LAYER ~IANO ROLLS,;

''JELLY ROLL'MORTON

SCOTT JOPLIN

JAMES BLYTHE GEORGE"COW COW" BOTSFORDDAVENPORT J. RUSSELROY BARGY '1 I ROBINSON

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PHONE213 250-7017

o aI ~BLUES~' SHOT

Rp..GTIME" i\rSTRUMEt·rfl'~~· JA.ZZTo receive a copy of my quarterly

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1425 Miramar St.Los Angeles, Ca 90026