DNDO Overview - All Slides For Public Release

Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO)April 25, 2012Warren M. SternDirectorDNDORevolution in Nuclear Detection Affairs

1333Global Nuclear Detection Architecture (GNDA)

3Challenges of Nuclear DetectionRadiation Emitted by MaterialSome materials self-shield their emitted radiationRadiation Transmitted through Intervening Materials

Radiation Propagates throughEnvironment

Sensor Detects

BackgroundRadiation

Energy Spectra

4Urban variations in background radiation5

Gross Counts x 104In urban environments local variations can be largeBackground Challenges: Signal to Noise6

Can greatly impact a systems False Alarm Rate and Minimum Detectable Source ActivityBlack: natural background radiationGreen : 1 mCi Cesium-137 source at 300 ft from the detector Red: 1 mCi Cesium-137 source 150 ft from the detector BackgroundBackground + SourceBackground + 4*Source (or Half Distance)

1. Get more signal with a bigger detectorSame source, same background, 30 times larger detector

Very large detectors2. Reduce the backgroundSame source, 10 x less background (imaging or spectroscopic detector)

Quantum-dot activated scintillator and semiconductor detectors3. Make the source brighterSource 10x brighter

Active interrogationEventBring sensor closer distributed sensor nets7Revolution in Military AffairsOffice of Net Assessments in the Office of the Secretary of Defense defines a Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA):RMA is a major change in the nature of warfare brought about by the innovative application of new technologies which, combined with dramatic changes in military doctrine and operational and organizational concepts, fundamentally alters the character and conduct of military operations.8Revolution in Military Affairs

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From the laboratory to the field

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Electronics for a 1964 gamma ray spectrometer

And an even more capable version todayRevolution in technology & gamma spectroscopy

Output device for 1964 gamma ray spectrometer

And an even more capable version today

26,000 bytes in 1964

32,000,000,000 bytes today11121212Generation

ProductAreaCurrentNext GenerationAdvanced Technology DemonstrationExploratory ResearchStatic systems:Portals and ImagingSpectroscopic systemsImproved radiographyAutomated detection of high-Z Active systems for detection of shielded threats (SNAR)Increased PD and range, decreased FARPassive, automated detection of shielded SNMImproved materials- higher resolution, larger, lower costDetection at speed, virtual tagging of vehicles Improved materials room temperature sensors approaching HPGe, improved electronics, solid state neutron sensors

Mobile systemsBetter capabilitiesIncreased detection rangeBetter materials, better rangeTracking and localizationHand-Held DetectorsRadiation Isotope Identification DeviceRadiation pagers

Directional high-resolution spectroscopic handheld (IPRL)Intelligent networked sensor systems (IRSS)Next and Future Generation Technology

12Technology Deployments-DHSCBP: 1468 RPMs; 1631 RIIDS; 19432 PRDs 60 mRPMS or mobile systemsUSCG: 6,065 PRDs; 922 Handheld RIIDs 240 Wide-Area Search Backpacks (RADPACKs),8 Advanced RIIDs, 36 Handheld Radiation Monitors (HRMs), 12 Linear Radiation Monitors (LRMs)TSA-VIPR: 275 PRDs; 75 RIIDs; 50 Backpacks

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13Support to S&L and Securing the CitiesDNDO provides technical assistance and program support to state and local rad/nuc detection effortsMobile Detection Deployment UnitsAvailable for S&L Each unit has 48 PRDs; 22 Backpack Systems; RSI700 Mobile Radiation Search Systems; 8 NaI RIIDsSecuring the Cities Program (NYC-region)more than 5,800 pieces of detection equipment trained nearly 11,000 personnelconducted more than a hundred drills

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There is a radiation portal monitor in Georgia, deployed to scan cargo trucks at a weigh station on Interstate 20.

Next Generation15

Advanced Handheld System is an HPGe spectroscopy based system in a compact and rugged Handheld package. Uses a mechanical cryogenic cooler to maintain extremely low temperatures (-170C or 100K) required for system operation;

Major Components: Cooler/Detector Assembly; Cooler Controller Module; Neutron Detector; Power Supply Multichannel Analyzer; Battery; Onboard Computer; Enclosure

The RadSeekers significant increase in identification capabilities over currently fielded systems is based on advanced spectrum processing and identification algorithms, coupled with a highly sensitive 1.5 x 1.5 Lanthanum Bromide (LaBr3) detector.

The RadSeeker-DL is based on a modular design that has high reliability, includes a Built-in-Test (BIT) capability, and requires no calibration. Stand-off Detection Program16Long Range Radiation DetectionLimited Use Experiment (LUE)

Radiation ImageCompton ImageOverlayColor CodesThreat RedSuspect YellowMedical BlueIndustrial PurpleNORM Green

Isotope IDCo-60

Range DataRange = 25mCoded Aperture ImageStand-Off Radiation Detection System (SORDS)Roadside Tracker (RST)

Trailer-Mounted SystemTruck-Mounted System

Active mask, dual CA and CI with NaI array

Single sided 1-D coded aperture with video tracking Dual sided 2-D coded aperture with CsI array1616Program Goals: SrI2 and CLYC as GFMTime to detect a 100 uCi at 10 m in 10 secTime to ID and locate direction: 20 sec Directionality to < 45 degCompact size, low weight, moderate cost72 hour operation on single battery chargeAdvanced Radiation Monitoring Device (ARMD)

Solid State Photo Multiplier TubeSilicon DiodeLarge Area Avalanche Photo Diode

Strontium Iodide (SrI2)

Cs2LiYCl6 (CLYC)

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17Intelligent Radiation Sensor System (IRSS)Characterize the ability of a system of detectors to improve the detection, identification, and localization of threats as compared to the individual detectorsCharacterize the relative importance of individual detector capabilities: NaI (2x2, 2x1), CZT (imaging and non-imaging), LaBr3 (RadSeeker)Demonstrate search and monitoring capabilities across complex operational environments18networkdeviceraddetectordetector nodewireless meshnetworkbase station(optional)ReachbackCenter

Detector PTU and Measured Heat MapIndoor Measurement Campaign18191919SummaryThe next revolutionary technologies may change the way we deploy and operate detectors.Research and Development supports the revolution in nuclear detectionWider deployment of more capable detectors Enables surge and search in response to threats or intelligenceContinued integration into an operational architectureContinued deployments, training, and exercisesSecuring the CitiesAlpha Omega

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