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COMPREHENSIVE REPORTfor Poonyatorn Suthipongchai
© 2020 Apeiron
Module 1
Welcome Page
Welcome to your Genomic Report!
Apeiron Certified Coaches use a complex systems approach to optimizeperformance. It is important to understand that the human system is acomplex system, rather than a complicated system. In a complicatedsystem there are many independent pieces that can be modified withoutaffecting the other pieces; whereas, in a complex system, each piece isdependent on its relationship with the other pieces.
Let’s take flight as an example; A computer can explain and model anairplane because it is a complicated system. It cannot adequately modeland explain a bird, a complex system.
Your genetic blueprint is one of the many pieces of the complex humansystem. The genetic blueprint is made up of a combination of DNAmarkers (C, T, A, G) known as Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, orSNPs. While studies demonstrate the SNPs in this report are impactfulon different lifestyle aspects, they are one part of the system. DNA is notdeterministic; one SNP does not correspond to one outcome. Otheraspects of the complex system affect the expressions of your geneticblueprint such as environment, mindset, and exercise.
Complex systems require complex thinking which is where an EpigeneticCertified Coach comes into the picture; a coach is capable of complexthinking. Yet coaches currently need complicated systems (computers and algorithms) to assist in bringing biometric data together. Coaches thenapply the complicated data to complex thinking; this process is “augmented” intelligence. Therefore, genetic reports are better understood with anEpigenetic Certified Coach; they can assist you to interpret your complicated data to create optimal outcomes.
If you're not working with an Apeiron Certified Epigenetic Coach and you'd like to, please visit our coach directory: https://apeironzoh.com/coaches/
As you read through the report, use the below legend:
Gray benefits the most from supportLight Red is likely to have benefit from support
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Deep red is typically desirable; support can be leveraged to enhance performanceLeft represents low and right represents highWhen gauges have no benefit or support need, results range in shades of red
Please visit the Apeiron Store for the highest quality supplements and performance devices:
https://apeiron.store
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Module 2
About Nutrition
Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Decreased dopamine production and breakdown; possible decreased receptors Moderate insulin resistance risk. Consider lab testing Likely Lactosesensitivity Slightly above average gluten allergy risk Increased propensity towards grain sensitivity Bitter-testing gene Great benefit from fiber andcomplex carbs Strong need for Omega-3 support Possible Plant sterol buildup; consider lab testing Despite slightly above average metabolism;strong benefit from mitochondrial boosters due to PPARGC1A CT Macronutrient breakdown Complex carbs: 45% Protein: 25% based on likely goalsSaturated Fat: <10% Polyunsaturated fat: <6% Monounsaturated fat: 20-25% Consider eating more fish and supplementing with omega-3 Use Extravirgin olive oil or avocado oil for cooking Mitochondrial boosters: High Quality Sleep, exercise, intermittent fasting, cold thermogenesis, MitoQ,berberine, D-ribose Holy Basil and Bacopa Monnieri to support BDNF Check blood sugar labs; hA1c, glucose, insulin; and consider berberine forsupport Check omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, aim for 2:1 or 1:1 ratio due to BDNF and TNF 1800-2100 daily calories (or more if exercising regularly andaiming to gain weight)
ABOUT NUTRITION
Genetics are responsible for determining physical traits such as hair andeye color, however, genetics are probability/propensity, not guaranteed.For instance, genetics may program for brown hair, yet hair color typicallychanges as an individual ages. This process is an example ofepigenetics; how the environment affects genetics. In this example, thehair color (brown or grey) is referred to as the ‘expression’. One of themost impactful ways to affect epigenetic expression is through nutrition.This report covers three areas that have a strong impact on epigeneticexpression; food sensitivities, eating behaviors, and macronutrients.
The food sensitivity genetics relate to the body's response to food suchas dairy or gluten. Eating behavior genetics consider propensity towardssnacking habits and sweet consumption. Understanding macronutrientratios (protein, carbohydrate, and fat) is the foundation for developingnutrition plans. Understanding genetic blueprint is pivotal to optimizeexpression.
Nutrition is one of the most impactful ways to affect epigenetic expression. There are two genetics-informed strategies to approach nutrition;nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Nutrigenetics is eating solely based on genetics; following genetic propensity regardless of goals or lifestyle.Nutrigenomics is eating and supplementing to optimize epigenetic expression; strategically consuming nutrients based on the combination ofgenetics, goals, and lifestyle. While going through this report, an epigenetic coach can assist in creating an individualized strategic nutrition plan basedon nutrigenomics.
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Module 3
Hunger & Satiety
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Appetite is a combination of hunger response and satiety. Many studieshave identified DNA variations that contribute to hunger and satietysignaling. Science reveals this is a complex interaction between manysystems, including: brain neurotransmitters (responsible for carryingchemical messages to and from the brain), messages between cells, andappetite hormones.
Hunger Propensity: Hunger is the sensation to eat.
Satiety: Satiety is the sensation of fullness.
WHY THIS MATTERS
All of these systems require coordination in the central sensingmechanism of our brains to create a response. Identifying thesecomponents can provide the guidance we need to create an optimaloutcome. When signals are not expressing in an optimal manner, we caninstitute strategies to improve signaling and create a more favorableresponse.
Hunger Propensity: Sometimes individuals experience a desire for food that is not actual hunger. It could be due to sleepiness, boredom, habits etc.While hunger is affected by environmental factors, understanding genetic propensities can provide insight towards optimal strategies.
Satiety: Individuals with low sensation of satiety may not accurately perceive when they reach fullness. As a result, they may consume more food thanintended, and subsequently gain weight.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
ADIPOQ(2) rs17300539 GG
MC4R rs17782313 TT
ANKK1 rs1800497 GG
COMT rs4680 GA
Hunger Perception
Accurate
You are likely to have good sensing of hunger; abnormalexperience of hunger could relate to specific components thatmake up this report such as dopamine status, hunger hormonesfrom fatty tissue, or intestinal neuropeptides. Considerconsultation with one of our certified coaches to help identifyspecific interventions that may help.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Potential for dopamine inadequacy. This may cause cravings for sweets and/or slightly decreased overall sense of well being, If sensing thisconsider supplementation with Mucuna Pruriens Extract 98% L Dopa 350mg, to boost dopamine production.
DRD2(1) rs6277 GG
NMB rs1051168 GG
LEPR(1) rs1137100 GG
ADIPOQ(1) rs17366568 GG
HTR2C rs3813929 C
MTHFR 1298c rs1801131 TG
FTO(1) rs9939609 TT
GHSR(1) rs572169 CT
GHSR(2) rs490683 GC
POMC rs1042571 GG
LEPR(2) rs1137101 GG
Satiety Sensing
Accurate
You likely have a propensity to accurately sense your bodilysignals of satiety.
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Module 4
Insulin Resistance
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Insulin is a hormone that regulates the amount of glucose (sugar) in theblood. Insulin resistance means a body requires greater amounts ofinsulin in order to drive down blood sugar levels. It is usually associatedwith diabetes or a pre-diabetic state. Studies demonstrate that someindividuals possess a greater predisposition towards insulin resistance,which can be more probable based on genetic variations. Individuals thatcarry greater propensity tend to have higher fasting blood sugar andinsulin levels.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Higher fasting blood sugar levels promote accelerated rates of aging andoverall lower levels of health. Individuals with a propensity towardsinsulin resistance often report greater difficulty losing weight than othersthat follow similar diets (despite aggressive adherence to the diet).
Gene Marker Your Genotype
GCKR rs780094 CC
MTNR1B(2) rs10830963 CC
TCF7L2(1) rs7903146 CC
FABP2 rs11724758 GG
PPARD(2) rs2267668 GA
VDR fok rs2228570 .
IRS1 rs2943634 AC
Insulin Resistance Propensity
Average Risk
You have an average propensity towards insulin resistance. Thisdoes not mean that you are protected from developing insulinresistance. A healthy diet that keeps simple carbohydrates andsugars low is still advised. Consider working with an epigeneticscoach or physician to measure blood sugar markers such asHbA1c, fasting glucose, and fasting insulin. Consider limitingsugar intake and supplementing with Berberine.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Speak with your physician to measure blood sugar markers such as HbA1c, fasting glucose, and fasting insulin. Consider limiting processed sugarintake, keeping fruit to one to two servings a day and supplementing with Berberine or Metformin.
CRY2 rs11605924 AC
FADS1(1) rs174550 TC
PROX1 rs340874 TC
ADCY5 rs11708067 AA
SLC30A8 rs13266634 TT
G6PC2 rs560887 CC
MADD rs7944584 AA
ADRA2 rs10885122 GG
GLIS3 rs7034200 CC
LIPC(2) rs1800588 CC
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Module 5
Dairy Digestion
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
This section relates to the processing of sugar and fat in dairy products.
Lactose Sensitivity: Lactose is a sugar found in milk, whereas lactasebreaks down lactose and is essential to digest milk.
Weight Gain with Dairy Fat: People with certain genetic variants have apropensity towards adverse responses to foods with saturated fat andespecially high dairy fat content.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Lactose Sensitivity: Approximately 65% of the worlds population islactose intolerant; however individuals with European ancestry have apropensity to be lactose tolerant. Consuming lactose with apredisposition towards lactose intolerance can result in gut disruption,sinus inflammation, stuffy nose, and phlegm.
Weight Gain with Dairy Fat: Certain genotypes express a greaterpropensity toward weight gain and obesity when consuming high fat dairy.
Foods with high dairy fat: heavy cream, whole milk, cream cheese, butter, and full-fat yogurt.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
APOA2 rs5082 GA
MCM6(1) rs4988235 GG
MCM6(2) rs182549 CC
Lactose Intolerance
Genetic Risk Present
Your genetics correspond with a 2.6x higher potential forsensitivity to the lactose in dairy. This does not guarantee that youwill have lactose intolerance as it is only an increased geneticrisk. Keep in mind this does not assess your response to milkproteins.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
If not sensing dairy sensitivity you might consider doing a period of 4 to 6 weeks dairy elimination then reintroducing for effect.
Dairy Fat Induced Weight Gain
Low Risk
Some people have a genetic propensity for weight gain with toomuch saturated fat in the diet. Dairy is a significant source ofthis.Your genetics indicate that you are less sensitive to thiseffect.
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Module 6
Gluten
RELEVANT SNP'S
Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Consider decreasing and/or minimizing gluten and processed grain intake.
WHAT THIS MEANS
In order to develop a gluten allergy, three criteria must be met: geneticpredisposition, leaky gut syndrome, and exposure to gluten. The geneticsrelated to gluten are based on predisposition and are only suggestive ofsusceptibility to developing reactions to gluten in foods. This is not adiagnostic test.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Gluten can be found in wheat and some related grains as well as in manyfood preparations because it provides elasticity and chewiness to manyprepared and processed foods.
Foods containing gluten: wheat, barley, rye, triticale, sauces, and oats
Gene Marker Your Genotype
HLA-DQA1 rs2187668 CT
HLA-DQA2 rs2858331 AA
HLA-DRA rs2395182 TT
HLA-DQB1 rs7775228 TC
Gluten Allergy Propensity
Average Risk
Your genetics are associated with an average potential fordevelopment of gluten allergy. Gluten allergy is still uncommonwith average risk.
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Module 7
Grain Sensitivity
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Many people believe they have a gluten sensitivity; however, unless thereis a demonstrated gluten allergy or celiac diagnosis, it is likely a grainsensitivity. Grain sensitivity is often due to excess glutamate and/orinsufficient GABA. Glutamate is involved in virtually every majorexcitatory brain function, and in excess can cause anxiety, agitation, anddifficulty sleeping. Conversely, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)produces an inhibitory and calming effect which can mitigate feelings ofanxiety, stress, and fear. Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isresponsible for the conversion of glutamate into GABA; decreased GADfunction contributes to a grain sensitivity propensity.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Many grains, sauces, and oils are high in glutamate. When thesevariations are significant and the symptoms are expressed, it isimportant to reduce exposure to glutamate. If this is the case, we wantto ensure healthy B6 levels since it is required for glutamic acid to work optimally.
Sources of high glutamic acid foods include wheat and grains, soy, dairy, seeds, protein powder, and the flavor enhancer MSG (monosodiumglutamate).
Gene Marker Your Genotype
GAD1(1) rs3749034 GG
GAD1(2) rs3828275 CT
GAD1(3) rs3791878 GT
GAD1(4) rs769407 GC
GAD1(5) rs12185692 CA
Grain Sensitivity
Increased Propensity
You are likely to demonstrate an increased sensitivity to glutamicacid. Limit exposure and find appropriate intake levels of glutamicacid foods. Magnesium and Vitamin B6 may support the system.In strong reactions, consider DHH-B supplementation.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
GAD sensitivity propensity relates to the conversion of glutamate to gaba in the brain. It can present with ADHD like symptoms, mind racing,difficulties getting restful sleep, increased stress expressions and brain fog following consumption. If noticing any of these consider decreasing oreliminating foods high in glutamic acid. Processed grains and MSG preservatives as well as protein powders with glutamate are the generaloffenders. Supplementing with Magnesium and B12 vitamin is beneficial with this expression.
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Module 8
Sweets and Snacking
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Sweet Perception: These genetics look at how intensely we tastesweetness. Genetic variants affects the way our brain responds when wetaste something sweet or sugary.
Sweet Addiction Propensity: Along the same lines, many perceive theinability to stop eating sweets is based on willpower; however, this isalso coded in DNA.
Snacking Drive: Many people perceive snacking behaviors are based onwillpower. While this may be true in some cases, much of the drivetoward snacking is coded in our DNA.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Sweet Perception: Those with a decreased sensing of sweetness arelikely to consume more sweets, yet, the opposite is not necessarily true -those with an increased sweet perception may not always consume lesssweets. Other factors contribute to determining overall sweet intake.
Snacking Drive: Clinical practices have shown there is an extremely high correlation between genetic variations and reported snacking behaviors.
Sweet Addiction Propensity: Research demonstrates there are genes that code for the brain's response to sweet and sugary foods. In someindividuals, sugar decreases inhibitions and encourages greater consumption regardless of willpower.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
MC4R rs17782313 TT
ANKK1 rs1800497 GG
COMT rs4680 GA
DRD2(1) rs6277 GG
Sweet Perception
Less Intense Sensing
You’re likely to have decreased sweet perception which maycontribute to increased sweet intake or a lack of desire forsweets. Be aware that your taste receptors are likely wired to beless sensitive than others, which can drive eating more sugar toget the same “reward” that other people can get from less. Try touse this to your advantage and use mindful awareness whileeating sweet foods (eat slowly and consciously enjoy your food).
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Genetic predisposition to snacking and sweet addiction is low. If experiencing one or both consider that either a habit of snacking has beendeveloped or the slightly reduced dopamine production may be playing a role.
NMB rs1051168 GG
LEPR(1) rs1137100 GG
FTO(3) rs1421085 TT
MTHFR 1298c rs1801131 TG
FTO(1) rs9939609 TT
FGF21 rs838133 GG
SLCA2 rs5400 GG
SLC2A2 rs1499821 CC
TAS1R2 rs3935570 GG
TAS1R3 rs35744813 TC
TAS2R38 rs1726866 GG
Snacking Drive
Genetically Low
You’re unlikely to have a strong snacking drive; this is subject tochanges in epigenetic expression based on the environment. Forexample, sugar, stress, and neurotransmitter imbalances cancreate an increased desire for snacking despite this geneticpropensity.
Sweet Addiction Propensity
Low Genetic Risk
Researchers have found that people with your genetic profile tendto find certain foods more bitter, such as coffee, brussel sprouts,and grapefruit. This does not mean that you dislike these foodsjust that you tend to use salt or other seasoning to mask thebitter.
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Module 9
Carbohydrates
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
There are two different types of carbohydrates: simple and complex.Simple carbohydrates include foods like sugar, pasta, and bread,whereas complex carbohydrates are primarily fibrous foods such asvegetables.
Carbohydrate Intake: Carbohydrates are a very individualized componentof the diet. Using scientific literature and clinical experience, we are ableto identify the relevant impactful genes for optimal complexcarbohydrate intake.
Fiber Benefit: Research has shown some genetic variants contribute to adesirable response from increased fiber intake.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Simple carbohydrates should generally be avoided. The optimal amountof complex carbs is variable based on genetic predisposition.
Carbohydrate Intake: This is especially relevant in relation to ideal body composition as some people do better with a lower carbohydrate intake whileothers tend to burn fat in the flame of a carbohydrate.
Fiber Benefit: Some individuals show a propensity towards improved weight loss and cholesterol management with higher levels of fiber in theirnutrition plan.
Examples of fibrous complex carbohydrate foods include vegetable such as broccoli, carrots, and leafy greens. Carbohydrates such as sweet potatoand rice also provide benefit however are less impactful to desirable outcomes than fibrous vegetables.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
KCDT10 rs10850219 GG
MMAB rs2241201 CC
PLIN1 rs894160 CT
Carbohydrate Intake
Higher Intake
You’re genetics are likely to respond well to a higher complexcarbohydrate intake. Research and our clinical experience hasfound that with your particular genetic variants, you shoulddemonstrate a greater benefit for abdominal fat loss withcomplex carbohydrate intake greater than 200g/day.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
You will respond well to higher complex carbohydrate intake. Maintain simple carbohydrates at minimum intake.
UCP1 rs1800592 TT
TCF7L2(1) rs7903146 CC
TCF7L2(2) rs12255372 GG
TCF7L2(3) rs290487 TT
TCF7L2(4) rs2287019 CC
CEBPA rs12691 GG
ABCG4 rs3802885 AA
VLDLR rs2242104 GG
IGF1R rs7166565 GG
LPIN2 rs607549 TT
AGER rs184003 CA
GIPR rs8050136 CC
FTO(5) rs8050136 CC
Fiber Intake
Highly Benefit
Fiber intake response based on your genetics suggests that it isstrongly beneficial.
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Module 10
Total Fats
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
There are three primary fats within the human diet; saturated fats (SFA),monounsaturated fats (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fats (PUFA). Thereare several opinions regarding which fats are 'good' and which fats arenot. There are two problems with this; first, fats are a macronutrient thatour bodies require for optimal health. Second, there are significantindividual differences in how each person responds to the different typesof fat.
WHY THIS MATTERS
This section provides guidelines for planning the ideal percentage ofcalories from fat in your daily diet. When using genetic variations toprovide guidance on fat intake, it is important to understand that many ofthe studies used did not differentiate the types of fat.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
APOe(3) rs4420638 .
PPARG rs1801282 CC
FABP2 rs11724758 GG
APOA2 rs5082 GA
APOB rs1367117 GG
ADIPOQ(1) rs17366568 GG
TFAP2B rs987237 AA
FTO(1) rs9939609 TT
Total Fat Intake Benefit
Higher Intake Benefit
Your genetics suggest a good response to fat overall andsuggests some flexibility here. Some experimentation with higherfat intake may be desirable. See individual fat recommendationsfor more details.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Will benefit from high fat intake.
TNF rs1800629 GA
LIPC(1) rs2070895 GG
APOe(1) rs429358 TT
APOe(2) rs7412 CC
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Module 11
Saturated Fats
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Saturated Fat Intake: Saturated fats (SFA) represent one of the mostdebated aspects of human nutrition today. Various studies discuss thebenefits and drawbacks of SFA intake. The Atkins and Paleo movementshave brought saturated fat into the forefront of discussions. Ultimately,saturated fats are necessary for healthy human function. Saturated fatmakes up 50% of the membrane fats in every cell of the body and isessential for healthy immune function. The brain is 60% fat and ispredominantly saturated fat and cholesterol. Despite this, high intakeisn't necessarily beneficial.
APOe Status: APOe status is a genetic predisposition that is highlyimpactful across many aspects of the human system.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Saturated Fat Intake: Individuals carry genetic variations that change theresponse to saturated fats from a health and wellness standpoint. Thepropensity identified below is based on leading scientific studies intogenome wide associations as well as from our extensive experience inapplying this in clinical practice. Even with moderate intakerecommendations, it is best for most individuals to keep saturated fat intake to less than 10% of total calories per day.
APOe Status: APOe status can create differences in how individuals respond to saturated fat. In certain variants, saturated fat intake can trigger anincreased propensity towards plaque buildup and cognitive decline over time. Understanding your APOe status can assist you to create bio-specificstrategies for optimal outcomes.
Sources of saturated fat include coconut oil, butter, ghee, red meat, and dairy products
Gene Marker Your Genotype
APOe(3) rs4420638 .
PPARG rs1801282 CC
APOA2 rs5082 GA
Saturated Fat Response
Better Tolerance
Some individuals do not carry strong genetic predispositions toadverse responses with saturated fat. This does not mean thatexcess intake cannot be detrimental. Even with this beneficialpropensity, we have found that keeping saturated fat intake toless than 10% of total calories can contribute to healthieroutcomes.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
You have the ability to eat saturated fat at less than 10% of total calories without significant negative impact. However, if inflammation markers arenoted you will want to keep saturated fat intake to less than 5% of your daily caloric intake.
APOB rs1367117 GG
APOe(1) rs429358 TT
APOe(2) rs7412 CC
APOe Status
APOe 3/3
APOE 3/3 variant is typical
You can likely use saturated fat effectively — coconut oil and MCToil may be useful in the presence of low sugar.
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Module 12
Polyunsaturated Fats
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have a role in many physiologicalprocesses, including energy production, inflammation modulation, andmaintenance of cell membrane integrity. PUFAs include omega-6 (O6)and omega-3 (O3) and are essential for life; there are health benefits toconsuming both in the appropriate ratios.
Omega-6 PUFA Intake: O6 contributes to improved immune health andblood clotting and is responsible for providing beneficial inflammation inthe body.
Omega-3 Need: O3 plays an important role in the body; its primaryfunctions include maintaining the immune system, counteractinginflammation, and supporting cognitive function.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Research has focused on omega-6/omega-3 ratios and there is a clear benefit to keeping this ratio at 4:1 or less. While this is the beneficial zone, mostpeople consume these fats in a 10:1 ratio. Many in the industrialized world are reaching levels as high as 25:1
Omega-6 PUFA Intake: Individuals with certain genotypes show a propensity towards higher inflammation from Omega-6 andtherefore should consume less omega-6 to achieve an optimal ratio.
Omega-3 Need: Research demonstrates having optimal levels of fish-based omega-3 contributes to highly beneficial epigenetic changes.
Beneficial omega-6 sources include nuts and fish, however, other sources such as soybeans, vegetable oils, and sunflower oil should beavoided. Beneficial Omega-3 sources include fatty fish and fish oil.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
APOA5 rs662799 AA
FADS1(2) rs174537 GT
ELOVL2 rs953413 AA
PTGS2(1) rs5275 AG
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Intake of vegetable oils and many nuts can be detrimental for inflammation. Olive oil and avocado oils will be the best predominant oil sources forcooking and salad dressing. You have a higher than average need for fish oil (Omega 3) intake. This should come primarily from eating high omega 3fish.
COX-2 rs4648310 TT
IL-1B rs16944 GG
TNF rs1800629 GA
BDNF rs6265 CT
Omega-6 PUFA Intake
Lower Intake Beneficial
Keep omega-6 intake on the lower side - many nuts, seeds,vegetable oils - most oils that are liquid at room temperature arehigh O-6 unless they specifically are high in monounsaturated fat(such as olive oil and avocado oil). Omega-6 fats are required bythe body but the amount relative to other fats is important tohealth. Omega-6 to Omega-3 ratio is best kept on the lower sidefor optimal health. See the chart of common oil compositionshere.
Omega-3 Need
Higher Need
Strong benefit from maintaining optimal omega-6 and omega-3balance. Consider blood lab testing to assess, as well as fish oilsupplementation and regular seafood consumption.
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Module 13
Monounsaturated Fats
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Monounsaturated fats (MUFA) support many bodily functions and aretypically beneficial for everyone, although some genetic variants indicatean increased benefit from higher levels of intake.
WHY THIS MATTERS?
MUFAs are suspected to be the major health benefit of theMediterranean diet where some traditionally consume as much as 40%of their total calories from extra virgin olive oil. MUFAs also have a longlist of studies supporting health benefits which include; decreasedinflammation, lower cancer rates, less chance of heart disease, andweight loss.
Beneficial MUFA sources include extra virgin olive oil, macadamia nut oil,avocado, macadamia nuts, beef, salmon, pumpkin seeds, and chicken.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
ADIPOQ(2) rs17300539 GG
APOA5 rs662799 AA
FAAH rs324420 CC
LPL rs13702 TT
IL-1B rs16944 GG
ADIPOQ(1) rs17366568 GG
TNF rs1800629 GA
MUFA Benefit
Good Response
You’re likely to benefit from monounsaturated fat intake. ExtraVirgin Olive oil, macadamia nuts, and avocado are ideal sources.From an epigenetic standpoint, the monounsaturated fat alongwith the beneficial phytonutrients in olive oil, you cannot gowrong. Olive oil has a profoundly beneficial effect on geneexpressions and you possess a genetic pattern that has a goodresponse.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
MUFA fats will be your ideal type of fat intake. Avocados, olive oil and macadamia nuts in small quantities will be beneficial.
BDNF rs6265 CT
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Module 14
Protein
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEAN
The human body requires 20 amino acids (body’s building blocks) tocreate many different proteins. Ten of these amino acids are consideredessential, meaning they are not made in the body so must be consumedin the diet. This is a complex network of gene interactions and there areways to epigenetically shift the expressions of these genes to achievedesired outcomes.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Protein is a macronutrient the body needs in relatively large amounts togrow, develop, and function properly. Some people will respond better toa diet with a higher percentage of calories from protein, while others dobetter with lower intake.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
FTO(2) rs1558902 TT
LPIN1 rs4315495 GA
BDNF-AS rs4923461 AG
TFAP2B rs987237 AA
FTO(1) rs9939609 TT
Protein and Weight Loss
Lower Intake
You’re likely to have optimal weight loss effects from 15-20% ofcalories from protein
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
If choosing to gain weight for increased muscle mass it will be ideal to take in 20% of daily calories in high quality protein. Fish will be thepredominant source of protein, plant and whey protein powder can be added to assist with getting high enough protein intake.
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Module 15
Plant Sterols
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Plant Sterol Buildup: Plant sterols are cholesterol-like molecules foundin all plant foods, with the highest concentrations occurring in vegetableoils. Plant sterols work by blocking cholesterol absorption.
Plant Sterol Benefit: Plant sterols are typically understood to decreaseinflammation, lower cholesterol levels, and enhance cardiovascularsupport.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Plant Sterol Buildup: Under normal circumstances plant sterols areabsorbed in trace amounts, but some individuals have agenetic propensity to absorb greater amounts. Dietary plant sterol intakecan be beneficial in some cases, however, excess amounts could beundesirable and contribute to increased plaque build-up.
Plant Sterol Benefit: While many individuals are likely to benefit from plant sterols, some carry genotypes which correspond with no benefit.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
ABCG8(1) rs4299376 TT
ABCG8(2) rs6544713 CC
ABCG8(3) rs4245791 TT
CETP rs5882 AA
ABCG5(1) rs11887534 GG
ABCG5(2) rs6720173 GG
Plant Sterol Buildup
Low Probability
You’re likely to have regular plant sterol absorption.
Plant Sterol Benefit
Less Likely
Plant sterols are unlikely to provide anti-inflammatory support.
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Module 16
Metabolism
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Metabolism is how effectively an individual creates energy and burnscalories. Metabolism is often measured using basal metabolic rate(BMR). BMR is the number of calories burned while resting throughout aday; it's a complex combination of genetics and environmental factors.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Metabolism aids in creating precise strategies to fuel yourbody effectively. Leveraging genetic predispositions can increasethe body's energy levels and enhance overall function.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
GCKR rs780094 CC
MC4R rs17782313 TT
UCP2(1) rs659366 TT
FTO(6) rs17817449 TT
PPARGC1A rs8192678 CT
UCP2(2) rs660339 AA
Metabolism
Normal
Likely to have average metabolic function; may benefit frommitochondria boosters such as high quality sleep, exercise,intermittent fasting, cold showers, berberine, D-ribose, or NMN
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Module 17
Macronutrient Worksheet
YOUR DETAILS
Height 172 cm
Weight 68 kg
Age 36
Sex Male
Basal Metabolic Rate 1,613 calories/day
Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
If weight gain for increased muscle mass is desired consider eating up to 2100 calories per day.
WHAT THIS MEANS
This worksheet provides basic recommendations for macronutrientsbased on genetic predispositions, epigenetic expression, and goals. Thisworksheet refers back to nutritional genetically informed macronutrientrecommendations.
WHY THIS MATTERS
BMR Calculators are estimates and should be used as directional guides. When used in combination with factors such as genetic predisposition,calories burned during exercise, and biometric data, BMR calculators canprovide a more accurate picture of an individual's needs.
45.0%45.0%45.0%
25.0%25.0%25.0%
30.0%30.0%30.0% Carbohydrates 231 g/day
Protein 129 g/day
Fats 60 g/day
Daily calorie goal 1,800 calories/day
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Module 18
About Supplementation
Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Key Points Some benefit from B12 supplementation due to secretor status Very low vitamin A conversion Increased selenium need May benefit frommagnesium for grain sensitivity Slightly increased choline need for liver support Strong Need for vitamin C Increased need for Vitamin D, decreasedsunlight conversion, consider testing active and inactive levels. Increased benefit from vitamin K Increased benefit from Folate; avoid folic acidIncreased risk of excess zinc; avoid high-dose supplementation except in combination with copper Possibly increased sodium sensitivity SlowCaffeine Metabolism Recommendations 1-2g/day Liposomal vitamin C 5mg Sublingual Methyl-B12 or injections Magnesium Glycinate for enhancedsleep or Threonate for enhanced cognition Eat runny egg yolks 2-3x/week for choline Vitamin D3/K2 mix Avoid zinc supplementation Avoid folic acidform of B9 Multivitamin for all others Nitric Oxide saliva test strip to check levels
ABOUT SUPPLEMENTATION
As covered in the Nutrition section, nutrigenomics is eating andsupplementation to optimize epigenetic expression; strategicallyconsuming nutrients based on the combination of genetics, goals, andlifestyle. Supplementation, obtaining micronutrients from nonfoodsources, is the second half of nutrigenomics. Many people believemicronutrients should come solely from food, however modern farmingtechniques have impacted the nutrient levels in food. The nutrients invegetables are much lower now than they were 100 years ago.
In addition, our ancestors historically lived in the same environments forgenerations and their bodies (genes) adapted accordingly. Since then,technology has increased the ability to easily travel around the world.Ease of travel has encouraged blending genetic profiles from a widevariety of environments. Today it is almost impossible to find theenvironment our genes are optimized for; instead we usesupplementation to enhance our genetic expression. This is why thegenetic blueprint is so impactful for precise recommendations.
Through nutrigenomics, strategic supplementation can prevent deficiencies and optimize performance. Several of the nutrients in this report can befound in a high quality multivitamin; such as the Apeiron Multivitamin. While going through this report, an epigenetic coach can assist in creating anindividualized strategic supplementation plan based on nutrigenomics.
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Module 19
Vitamin B12
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
B12 Need: Vitamin B12 plays an essential role in the production of redblood cells and DNA, as well as the proper functioning of the nervoussystem. It is absorbed through the stomach lining and is typically foundin animal-based foods.
FUT2 Status: Determines genetic propensity for an individual towardsbeing a secretor or non-secretor. A secretor is likely to have less B12production in the body and also have a healthy diverse gut bacteria. Anon-secretor is likely to produce more B12 in the body and have a lessdiverse gut biome.
WHY THIS MATTERS
B12 Need: It’s estimated that 40% of American’s don’t get enoughvitamin B12, and deficiencies can contribute to fatigue and brain fog.
FUT2 Status: Certain variants of FUT2 show good correlation with bodyB12 levels as well as propensities for certain gut conditions.
Benefits of Vitamin B12 include:
Increased energy – B12 converts carbohydrates into glucose, increases overall energy, and reduces fatigue.
Improved brain function – B12 helps make DNA and keep the nervous system healthy. It may reduce depression, lower stress levels, and reduce brainshrinkage.
Healthy digestive system – B12 promotes gut health and may prevent heart disease by curbing cholesterol levels, protecting against stroke and highblood pressure.
B12 food sources include liver, salmon, tuna, mackerel, sardines, red meat, cheese, and eggs.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
It is important to consider supplementing with B12 due to the fact that you have the FUT2 secretor status. This can result in larger amounts ofbeneficial microbiome bacteria. This type of bacteria utilizes the B12 consumed in the diet. Consider B12. The best form will be Methyl B12 either5mg sublingual or injection.
FUT2(1) rs492602 AA
FUT2(2) rs602662 GG
FUT2(3) rs601338 GG
MTR rs1805087 AA
COMT rs4680 GA
TCN1 rs526934 AA
MTRR A66G rs1801394 AA
MTHFR 677t rs1801133 GA
VDR taq rs731236 AA
B12 Need
Typical Need
You’re likely to have normal need for B12; some B12supplementation may provide increased energy levels
FUT2 Status
Secretor
You’re likely to have more desirable gut biome health, withreduced levels of B12 in the blood; increased benefit from B12supplementation.
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Module 20
Vitamin B6
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Vitamin B6 is a vitamin which is significant to protein, fat, andcarbohydrate metabolism as well as the creation of red blood cells andneurotransmitters. Common symptoms of low vitamin B6 are irritability,depression, and anxiety.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Vitamin B6 is important for many processes in the body; it helps turnfood into energy, supports adrenal function, and maintains a healthynervous system. It also supports the healthy development in babies’brains during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Benefits of Vitamin B6 include
Adrenal function – Through regulating hormones, B6 lowers stress,stabilizes mood, and contributes to a happy disposition.
Metabolism – Crucial to hundreds of metabolic processes, B6 assists the body to turn food into energy.
Healthy nervous system – B6 is often referred to as the happy vitamin because it helps make serotonin and norepinephrine, which impacts mood.
Digestive support – B6 assists the body to maintain healthy digestive processes.
B6 food sources include brewer's yeast, bananas, milk, cheese, eggs, fish, carrots, spinach, peas, legumes, and potatoes.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
NBPF3 rs4654748 TT
ALPL(1) rs1256341 TC
B6 Need
Typical Need
You’re likely to have ideal B6 levels
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Module 21
Vitamin A
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Vitamin A is naturally present in many foods and has two forms; Beta-carotene and retinoic acid. Beta-carotene is found in plant based foodwhereas retinoic acid is found in animal based foods. The body alsoconverts beta-carotene into retinoic acid, and genetics can affectconversion rate. Vitamin A supplements can contain beta-carotene,retinoic acid, or a combination of the two. The gene BCMO1 convertsbeta-carotene into retinoic acid.
WHY THIS MATTERS
The body relies on vitamin A conversion for healthy maintenance of theheart, kidneys, lungs, and eyes.
Benefits of Vitamin A
Improved immune system – Vitamin A boosts the immune system andassists in fighting infections. It also helps mucus membranes stay moist,which strengthens white blood cell activity.
Healthy skin – With the ability to trap free radicals and toxins, vitamin A keeps skin supple & healthy. Free radicals are unstable atoms that candamage cells, causing illness and aging.
Increased tooth strength – Vitamin A keeps teeth strong by forming a hard material just beneath the surface of the teeth, called dentin.
Eye health – Vitamin A supports macular health and provides overall protection for the eye.
Retinoic acid sources of vitamin A include fish liver oil, beef liver, and egg yolk.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
BCMO1(1) rs7501331 CC
BCMO1(2) rs12934922 AA
Vitamin A Conversion
Very Low Conversion
Very low conversion of vitamin A. You have a strong benefit froma multivitamin that includes palmitate.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
A multi vitamin with vitamin A in the form of beta carotene and palmitate will be beneficial.
BCMO1(3) rs11645428 GG
BCMO1(4) rs6420424 AA
BCMO1(5) rs8044334 TG
BCMO1(6) rs6564851 GG
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Module 22
Selenium
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Selenium is a mineral found in the soil which plays a key role inmetabolism. It is an antioxidant which means it protects the body fromharmful free radicals and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is animbalance between the production of free radicals and the ability of thebody to counteract or detoxify their harmful effects.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Selenium delays cell damage and helps protect the body from oxidizingagents caused by many diseases and pollutants. Selenium isnutritionally essential for everyone as it supports thyroid hormonemetabolism and protects against infections. The below gaugedetermines the severity of a selenium deficiency. An increased resultdoes not necessarily a need for more selenium; it indicates a strongerneed for optimal levels because deficiencies will likely have a strongimpact.
Benefits of Selenium
Thyroid support – Selenium is important for the thyroid gland; it plays a key role in the gland’s ability to produce thyroid hormone.
DNA repair – Selenium prevents serious DNA damage by neutralizing free radicals.
Metal detoxification – Studies have shown that organic selenium supports the excretion of the harmful element mercury.
Reproductive health – Selenium is vital for both male and female reproductive health. In men, it enables sperm movement. In women, low seleniumcan negatively impact fertility and fetal development.
Selenium sources include brazil nuts, fish, beef liver, pork, and mushrooms.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
GPX1(1) rs1050450 GG
SEPP1 rs7579 CC
Selenium Need
Increased Need
You’re likely to have more intense symptoms with seleniumdeficiency; likely to benefit from regular supplementation such asin a multivitamin.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Obtain this through either a multi vitamin or food sources high in selenium such as brazil nuts. Not advised to supplement separately due to potentialfor too high levels.
AGA rs1395479 CA
BHMT(1) rs567754 CT
MST1 rs3197999 GG
DMGDH rs921943 CC
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Module 23
Magnesium
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Magnesium is a mineral found in the earth, sea, plants, animals, andhumans. It is an essential nutrient that the body needs in high amounts,however, about 50% of all Americans are believed to be deficient. It’srecommended to consume at least 200-400 milligrams per day.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Magnesium is vital to over 300 reactions in the body includingmetabolism, transmission of nerve impulses, and blood pressureregulation. It impacts several bodily systems and can even affect mood.
Benefits of Magnesium
Bone strength – Magnesium supports bone absorption of calcium.
Healthy metabolism – Magnesium is an essential co-factor in manymetabolic processes, especially carbohydrate processing.
Heart health – Magnesium is responsible for keeping the heart muscles healthy and strong. It assists with the transmission of electrical signalsthroughout the body. Proper magnesium levels have shown to lower artery calcification, hypertension, and atherosclerosis (fatty buildup on arterywalls).
Anxiety – Low magnesium levels have been shown to increase anxiety.
Gut – Magnesium works as a stool softener and can relieve constipation naturally.
Magnesium food sources include dark leafy greens, brazil nuts, mackerel, white beans, quinoa, avocados, yogurt, bananas, and dark chocolate.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
CNNM2 rs3740393 GG
MUC1 rs4072037 TT
Magnesium Need
Typical Need
Despite normal levels; you’re likely to benefit from regularsupplementation due to global statistical deficiency. MagnesiumGlycinate benefits sleep, Magnesium Threonate benefitscognition and performance
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Consider 400mg Magnesium Glycinate for enhanced sleep or Magnesium Threonate for enhanced cognition. Both will be beneficial for the GAD grainsensitivity propensity.
DCDC5 rs3925584 TT
Shroom3 rs13146355 GA
TRPM6(1) rs2274924 TT
TRPM6(2) rs3750425 CC
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Module 24
Choline
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
While choline is not a vitamin or mineral, it is an important ingredient inmany bodily process and plays a major role in metabolism andneurotransmitter health. The body does produce choline, although, itdoesn’t produce sufficient quantities of this essential nutrient tomaintain optimal health.
WHY THIS MATTERS?
Less than 10 percent of adults get enough choline in their diet. Somerisks of choline deficiency include muscle damage, anxiety, and brainfog. Those at risk for choline deficiency include: pregnant women,choline depleted diets (plant based diets), and people with geneticvariations. It’s particularly important for fetuses and babies to ensurehealthy brain development.
Benefits of Choline
Cell structure – The body relies on choline to make the fats that help maintain the structural integrity of all cell membranes.
Cell messaging – Choline assists with the production of compounds that act as cell messengers.
Fat transport and metabolism – Insufficient choline levels can lead to fatty liver.
DNA synthesis – Choline, vitamin B12, and folate are three vital nutrients in DNA synthesis.
Nervous system health – Acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in memory, muscle movement, and regulating heartbeat, is derived from choline.
Choline food sources include beef liver, eggs, chicken breast, cauliflower, broccoli, mushrooms, dark leafy greens, shellfish, asparagus, brussel sprouts,boy chow, and cod.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
BHMT(2) rs3733890 GA
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CHDH rs9001 .
MTHFD1 rs2236225 GG
PEMT rs7946 CT
CHKA rs10791957 CA
Choline Supplementation Need
Typical Need
Your genetics are associated with normal choline needs; you’relikely to benefit from regular consumption of eggs with runnyyolks.
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Module 25
Vitamin C
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and ascorbate, is a nutrientthat plays several key roles in bodily functions. It isn’t produced by thebody naturally and is consumed in the form of fruits and vegetables.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant responsible for trapping free radicalsand preventing harmful effects of toxins. Those with agenetic predisposition or those with diets lacking fruits and vegetableshave a stronger propensity for deficiency.
Benefits of Vitamin C
Collagen synthesis – Vitamin C repairs and regenerates tissues andmaintains healthy skin and connective tissue.
Protection against heart disease – Through increasing the body’s levelof glutathione, vitamin C protects the arteries.
Iron absorption – Vitamin C prevents anemia and assists iron absorption.
Cholesterol and triglyceride reduction – Vitamin C reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Blunts oxidative stress – In disease states, vitamin C has shown to help reduce cellular damage by free radicals. Vitamin C food sources include bell peppers, guava, dark leafy greens (especially turnip greens), kiwi, broccoli, strawberries, tomatoes, peas, papaya,oranges, grapefruits, and lemons.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
GSTT1 rs11550605 .
SLC23A1(1) rs6596471 AA
SLC23A1(2) rs10063949 TC
Vitamin C Need
Much Increased Need
Your genes are associated with lower C levels.
1-2g of liposomal vitamin C supplementation recommended eachday
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Eat foods high in vitamin C and consider 1-2g/day Liposomal vitamin C.
SLC23A2 rs6133175 GG
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Module 26
Vitamin E
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Vitamin E Need: Vitamin E plays a vital role in many aspects ofhealth. Although there are eight forms of Vitamin E, Alpha-tocopherol isthe only form that is readily absorbed and used by the body.
Vitamin E Inflammation Propensity: While vitamin E is typically anti-inflammatory, some genotypes are predisposed to inflammation fromhigh dose supplementation.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Vitamin E Need: Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that assists in maintaining optimal levels of selenium, vitamin K, and many other essentialnutrients.
Vitamin E Inflammation Propensity: High dose vitamin E (greater than 400IU) can correspond with high levels of inflammation in individuals withgenetic predisposition.
Benefits of Vitamin E
Helps store vitamins A, K, iron, and selenium – Vitamin E helps maintain sufficient levels of many essential nutrients.
Supports the formation of red blood cells – Red blood cells rely on vitamin E to strengthen their interior lining, which is another way it toughens theimmune system.
Keeping skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles healthy – Vitamin E is important for the structural function and maintenance of these muscles.
Prevent eye damage – Studies suggest relatively high vitamin E intake may reduce the occurrence of macular degeneration and cataracts in elderlyindividuals.
Vitamin E food sources include almonds, swiss chard, pine nuts, broccoli, mustard greens, avocado, spinach, turnip greens, kale, plant oils, andhazelnuts.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
CD36 rs1527479 TT
SCARB1 rs11057830 GG
Vitamin E Need
Increased Need
You’re likely to benefit from increased vitamin E levels throughmultivitamin or food sources.
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Do not supplement with additional vitamin E due to likelihood for increased inflammation.
ZPR1 rs964184 CC
TNF(2) rs361525 GG
GSTP1(1) rs1695 AG
IL10 rs1800896 TT
Vitamin E Inflammation Propensity
High Propensity
You’re likely to have an inflammatory reaction to high-dosevitamin E supplementation rather than an anti-inflammatoryeffect; avoid >180 IU of vitamin E supplementation. Levels foundin food and multivitamins are fine.
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Module 27
Vitamin DWHAT THIS MEANS
Vitamin D is not readily found in many foods. An estimated 70 percent ofthe population is thought to be vitamin D deficient. This is concerningbecause it is responsible for regulating over 1000 genes in the humangenome.
Sunlight Response: The skin can convert sunlight into vitamin D.
Vitamin D Testing: There is an active and inactive form of vitamin D. The active form is the form that supports the body: however, whentesting vitamin D levels most blood analysis only look at the inactiveform. The inactive form tends to correlate well with the active form. Insome rare cases, some individuals genetics correspond with higherlevels of the active form which is not reflected in typical vitamin Dtesting.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Vitamin D Supplementation Need: From a genetic standpoint, peopletend to vary in their ability to process dietary vitamin D. This means that there’s a difference in the baseline amount needed to maintain healthy vitaminD levels from person to person.
Sunlight Response: Certain genotypes demonstrate a decreased ability to convert sunlight into vitamin D.
Vitamin D Testing: When individuals have the corresponding genetics, analysis of the active form of vitamin D (1,25) in combination with the inactiveform (25-OH) may be beneficial to determining optimal levels.
Benefits of Vitamin D
Bone health – Vitamin D increases calcium and strengthens bones.
Prevention of diabetes – Vitamin D can decrease the risk of both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.
Heart health – Studies have shown vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for congestive heart failure and heart attacks.
Mood regulator – Vitamin D is believed to reduce or prevent depression.
Muscle growth – Vitamin D has been shown to aid in muscle growth and retention in both adults and the elderly.
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RELEVANT SNP'S
Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Important to supplement with Vitamin D3/K2 combination and have vitamin D labs checked for active (25-OH D3) and inactive levels (1,25-2OH D3).
Vitamin D food sources include fatty fish, tuna, mackerel, salmon, beef liver, cheese, egg yolks, and cod liver oil.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
GC rs2282679 TG
CYP2R1(1) rs12794714 AA
CYP2R1(2) rs1993116 GG
DHCR7 rs7041 AA
CYP27B1 rs4646537 TT
CYP24A1 rs2296241 AA
Klotho rs9536314 TT
VDR taq rs731236 AA
VDR apal rs7975232 CC
VDR fok rs2228570 .
VDR bsm rs1544410 CC
TYR rs1042602 CC
TYR(2) rs1393350 GG
Vitamin D Supplementation Need
Increased Need
Your genetics are associated with significantly decreased vitaminD levels and stronger need for supplementation. Consider aD3/K2 combination for more effective absorption.
Sunlight Response
Diminished
Sunlight is not likely to be converted into vitamin D effectively inyour body. Vitamin D3/K2 supplementation is stronglyrecommended.
Vitamin D Testing
Suggest Added Testing
Your genetics suggest typical vitamin D testing may be unreliable.Consider testing inactive and active vitamin D levels with aphysician or epigenetic coach to ensure optimal management.
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Module 28
Vitamin K
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Vitamin K has many different forms that contribute to blood clotting,bone metabolism, and regulating blood calcium levels. Themost impactful forms of vitamin K include vitamin K1 and vitamin K2.Vitamin K1 is found in plants, such as leafy green vegetables. Vitamin K2is usually of bacterial origin and can be found in some animal-based andfermented foods, it is mostly converted by the large intestine or liverfrom vitamin K1.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Many people get an adequate amount of vitamin K through their diet. It’salso present in most multivitamin supplements. Genetics are an activeplayer in this process and can be predictive of absorptionand conversion.
Benefits of Vitamin K
Bone health – In a study in the Netherlands, vitamin K2 was three times more effective in enhancing bone metabolism than K1.
Blood clotting – Vitamin K is essential to blood clotting. In fact, in studies of severe vitamin K deficiency, clotting was almost impossible.
Supporting the efficacy of vitamin D – Vitamin K improves the impact of vitamin D when they are taken in combination.
Vitamin K1 food sources include spinach, kale, turnip greens, collards, swiss chard, mustard greens, parsley, romaine, brussel sprouts, broccoli,cauliflower, and cabbage. Vitamin K2 food sources include fermented foods, liver and natty
Gene Marker Your Genotype
APOe(1) rs429358 TT
APOe(2) rs7412 CC
NQO1 rs1800566 GA
Vitamin K Need
Increased Need
Your genetics are associated with increased vitamin K2 needs forbone health, cardiovascular health, and vitamin D and calciumtransport. Vitamin D3/K2 combination enhances absorption.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Supplement D#/K2 combo to meet the D3 and K2 needs,
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Module 29
Folate
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Folate Need: Folate, or vitamin B9, is one of the B-vitamins needed tomake red and white blood cells in the bone marrow, convertcarbohydrates into energy, and produce DNA. It is available in manyfoods and typically found in multivitamin supplements.
Folic Acid Conversion: Folic acid is the synthetic, inactive form ofvitamin B9. In order to be used by the body, it needs to be converted intothe active form: folate.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Folate Need: It’s difficult to get too much folate from food; however, itis possible to consume too much folic acid in the form of supplementsor fortified foods. Folate is crucial to the body, brain and heart; thoseorgans rely on sufficient folate levels for optimal health.
Folic Acid Conversion: Some individuals have a genetic predispositiontowards decreased conversion of folic acid. When folic acid isconsumed regularly, it can lead to a buildup in the body which can contribute to undesirable outcomes.
Benefits of Folate
DNA synthesis and repair – Folate helps with the creation and maintenance of DNA.
Tissue growth – Folate’s role in DNA synthesis makes it essential to tissue and cell growth.
Cardiovascular health – Studies have shown that folate encourages normal cholesterol levels which are important to cardiovascular health.
Neurological health – Most observational studies show that higher folate levels correlate with low Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.
Folate food sources include beef liver, spinach, broccoli, bananas, strawberries, oranges, beans, avocado, tomatoes, beets, celery, asparagus, legumes,yeast, mushrooms, fish, and eggs.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
DHFR(1) rs1643649 TT
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Coumpound heterozygous MTHFR which could indicate undermethylation state. Check undermethylation symptoms.
FOLR1 rs2071010 GG
DHFR(2) rs70991108 DI
SLC19A1 rs1051266 TC
MTHFR 677t rs1801133 GA
MTHFR 1298c rs1801131 TG
Folate Need
Increased Need
Your genetics are associated with increased folate need;recommend low-dose supplementation via a multivitamin.
Folic Acid Conversion
Low
A buildup of folic acid is likely with supplementation; avoid folicacid form, and use the methylfolate form of B9 instead.
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Module 30
Thiamine
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, is essential to many bodilyfunctions, including nervous system integrity, muscle function, digestion,and carbohydrate metabolism.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Very little thiamine is stored in the body and depletion can occur quicklywhen not supplied through diet or supplementation. It is sometimescalled an "anti-stress" vitamin because it can strengthen the immunesystem and improve the body's ability to withstand stressful conditions.
Benefits of Thiamine
Energy production - B1 is responsible for converting sugar into energy which supports the smooth functioning of the body organs, especially the heart,brain, lungs, and kidneys.
Improves brain function - It ensures optimal cognitive performance of the brain and helps improve memory and concentration. Vitamin B1 helpsrelieve stress and also helps strengthen the nerves.
Thiamine food sources include beef, brewer's yeast, legumes (beans, lentils), milk, nuts, oats, oranges, pork, and rice.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
SLC19A3 rs6713116 CC
Thiamine Need
Increased
You’re likely to benefit from increased thiamine intake from foods.For optimal levels, ensure your B complex or multivitamin hasthiamine or focus on macadamia nuts as a source.
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Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Multivitamin.
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Module 31
Copper
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Copper is a micronutrient that is involved in many processes in the bodyand can easily become deficient due to the lack of intake (even in ahealthy diet). The body cannot produce copper on its own so it requiresdietary intake with food or supplementation.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Copper has a narrow range of safety; it is a common deficiency yet cancreate toxicity if over-supplemented. Most whole food sources are lowin copper.
Benefits of Copper
Cognitive function - Too little or too much copper can have a negativeimpact on the brain. Ideal levels promote growth and development ofbrain pathways.
Thyroid health - Copper promotes optimal thyroid levels. A healthy thyroid is important in keeping adequate absorption of copper from the diet.
Long-term health - Copper is a requirement for ongoing DNA maintenance and repair.
Bone - Copper is important in maintenance and repair of bone and cartilage. Deficiencies can lead to low bone density.
Blood - Lack of copper can lead to iron deficiency.
Skin & hair - Copper is involved in the production of melanin, a pigment responsible for skin and hair color.
Copper food sources include oysters, shellfish, whole grains, beans, nuts, potatoes, and organ meats (kidneys, liver, etc).
Gene Marker Your Genotype
SELENB1 rs2769264 TT
ATP7B rs76151636 GG
Copper Levels
Typical Levels
Your genetics are associated with normal copper metabolism;however, this may not reflect actual blood levels.
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Module 32
Zinc
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Zinc is an essential mineral that is responsible for regulating the nervoussystem. It is involved in assisting at least 100 different processes inthe human body and is a common micronutrient deficiency.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Deficiencies can lead to many health issues and optimal levels areessential to thrive. Plant based sources of zinc generally providesignificantly lower bioavailability than animal based food sources.
Benefits of Zinc
Immunity - Zinc is an essential nutrient for the immune system.
Cognitive function - It is essential for optimal communication betweenneurons in the brain.
Common cold - Zinc has been shown to lessen the severity and duration of the common cold.
Wound healing - Zinc decreases inflammation and reduces bacterial growth to helping maintain skin integrity.
Taste & smell - The senses of taste and smell are reliant on zinc for proper function; it has been shown to heighten these senses.
Weight loss - Zinc deficiencies can lead to overeating.
Zinc food sources include oysters, beets, chicken, pork, seeds, nuts, lentils, and mushrooms.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
CA1 rs1532423 AA
PPCDC(1) rs2120019 TC
PPCDC(2) rs4826508 T
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Avoid over supplementation of Zinc.
Zinc levels
High Levels Likely
Your genetics are associated with higher levels of zinc maintainedin the blood.
Copper/zinc/ceruloplasmin testing through a physician may bebeneficial depending on symptoms. Avoid supplementationwithout directly testing blood levels.
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Module 33
Iron
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Iron Need: Iron is an essential mineral and one of the mostcommon nutritional deficiencies around the world. Individuals with thehighest likelihood of an iron deficiency include menstruatingfemales, pregnant women, children, and those consuming a plant baseddiet.
Iron Excess Propensity: Some individuals have a genetic propensitytowards increased iron levels.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Iron Need: Almost 10% of women in developed countries are irondeficient. Fatigue, insomnia, hair loss, and ice crunching are commonsigns of deficiency. Inadequate intake of vitamin C can can contribute toiron malabsorption. Plant based iron is not incorporated as well asanimal based iron.
Iron Excess Propensity: Excessive levels of iron can contribute tofatigue, weakness, loss of libido, and high blood sugar.
Benefits of Iron
Hemoglobin production - Dietary iron is a critical component for producing oxygen transport proteins within red blood cells.
Oxygen transport - Iron contributes to oxygen transport throughout muscles.
Muscle function - Iron is critical for the brain and it is important in the production of neurotransmitters. Insufficient iron in the diet is associated withlow iron levels in the brain which can lead to changes in behavior and cognitive functioning.
Iron food sources include fish, eggs, meat (especially high in red meats) legumes, lentils, green leafy vegetables, spinach, turnips, and sprouts.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
TMPRSS6 rs4820268 GA
Iron Need
Typical
You’re likely to have normal iron metabolism and requirements.
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TFR2 rs7385804 AA
TF rs3811647 GA
HFE(1) rs1799945 CG
HFE(2) rs1800562 GG
HFE(3) rs1800730 AA
Iron Excess Propensity
Typical
You’re unlikely to have increased iron levels.
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Module 34
Nitric Oxide
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Nitric Oxide is a molecule made by the body that allows blood, nutrients,and oxygen to travel to every part of your body effectively and efficiently.Bodies are capable of producing nitric oxide but some genetic variantscan alter that ability. Nitrates are the natural forms of nitric oxide that thebody can utilize. 80% of the nitrates in our diet come from vegetables.Interestingly, organic vegetables have less nitrates than conventionallyfarmed food due to reduced use of nitrogen based fertilizers.
WHY THIS MATTERS
High levels of nitric oxide have been shown to boost endurance andoxygen utilization.
Benefits of Nitric Oxide
Cardiovascular – Nitric oxide can lower blood pressure and dilateblood vessels.
Exercise – Nitrates have been shown to decrease oxygen requirements of muscles during exercise and lead to greater endurance.
Brain – Nitric oxide is a potent antioxidant in the brain and functions as a neurotransmitter.
Immunity – Nitric oxide is used by our immune cells to kill invading bacteria.
Nitric oxide food sources include spinach, kale, beets, carrots, legumes, celery, eggplant, ham, and bacon.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
NOS3(2) rs2070744 TT
NOS1(1) rs3782218 CC
NOS1(2) rs2682826 GG
Nitric Oxide Need
Typical Need
Your genetics are associated with normal nitric oxide levels;consider using a saliva tester strip to check levels to ensureoptimal performance
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NOS2 rs2248814 AG
NOS3(1) rs1800779 AA
NOS3(3) rs7830 GG
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Module 35
Sodium
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Sodium balance is one of the most monitored systems in the body.Because sodium is so important to the maintenance of health, it is finelytuned to a very narrow and precise level. Taking excess sodium for mostpeople will not result in health problems, assuming the body isfunctioning well.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Genetics can increase the effect the sodium on blood pressure andoverall functionality.
Types of sodium include table salt (sodium chloride and iodine),himalayan salt (slightly lower sodium plus calcium, potassium, iron oxide(pink color)), and celtic salt (slightly lower sodium and trace minerals).
Gene Marker Your Genotype
ACE del rs4343 GA
AGT rs699 GG
ADD1 rs4961 GT
NEDD4L rs4149601 GG
WNK1 rs12828016 GG
Sodium Sensitivity
Increased Possibility
Your genetics suggest higher correlation between blood pressureand sodium. If you notice the effects of sodium on bloodpressure, it may be beneficial to reduce sodium intake.
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Potential for increased sodium sensitive high blood pressure. If noticing increases in blood pressure or edema decrease sodium intake.
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Module 36
Caffeine
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Caffeine is a stimulant of the central nervous system. It is one of themost researched substances in the history of science and the world'smost consumed psychoactive drug. Genetic propensity can determinehow beneficial caffeine is for an individuals system.
Caffeine Metabolism: Genetics provide an insight into how quickly anindividual breaks down or metabolizes caffeine.
Caffeine Jitters: Many people experience jitters when consuminghigh amounts of caffeine, genetics can inform the predispositionto experience jitters with low or moderate consumption.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Caffeine Metabolism: While many individuals metabolize caffeine slowly,some have a genetic propensity to eliminate caffeine from their bodiesefficiently. Studies demonstrate fast metabolizers have additionalbenefits from caffeine consumption.
Caffeine Jitters: Caffeine may cause anxiety and have undesirable effects on sleep. While this is dependent on several variables such as timing andquantity, some have an increased genetic propensity.
Benefits of Caffeine
Energy – Caffeine can improve daily energy by interfering with a substance called adenosine.
Fat burning – Caffeine is one of only a handful of natural substances proven to improve fat loss.
Physical performance – Caffeine is a true performance enhancing substance.
Reduced risk of neurodegenerative diseases - Coffee itself has been linked to reduced risk of cognitive decline.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
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Caffeine intake may create symptoms of anxiety and disrupt sleep. If drinking caffeine drink in the early part of the day.
ADORA2A rs5751876 TC
ADA rs73598374 CC
CYP1A2(1) rs762551 CA
CYP1A2(2) rs2472297 CC
AHR rs4410790 TC
Caffeine Metabolism
Slow Metabolizer
Your genetics are associated with slower caffeine metabolism;caffeine is likely to be less beneficial for cardiovascular health,blood pressure and athletic performance.
Limit coffee consumption to 1 cup/day or less and only consumeduring morning time.
Caffeine Jitters
Typical
You have a typical propensity towards jitters from caffeine.
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Module 37
Circadian Propensity
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
The circadian rhythm is a cycle that signals our bodies when to sleep,rise and eat. Humans are a diurnal species, meaning we are active duringthe day and sleep at night. Many feel more awake, alert, and capable ofour best work effort in the morning. However, there are those at theopposite end of the spectrum who prefer to stay up late and sleep wellinto the daytime hours. These individuals find themselves most alert inthe evening.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Recent research has revealed that the circadian clock is not as basic aswe once suspected. Individual circadian variations regulate the timing offunctions such as appetite, hormone release, and metabolism. Sleepgenes are some of the most important and impactful geneticsindividuals inherit. They are also unlikely to change with epigeneticexpression. While some individuals are aware with their circadian rhythms, many are living in opposition of their genetic propensities. Forcing the bodyto fit into a sleep-wake cycle that does not match our genetics, can lead to circadian desynchronization.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
PER3(1) rs10462021 AA
PER3(2) rs228697 CC
AANAT rs28936679 .
GNB3 rs5443 TT
PER2(2) rs934945 CC
ARNTL rs2278749 CC
Circadian Propensity
Morning
You’re likely to perform best with early wake and sleep times. 8-10pm is typically ideal bedtime, with a 4-6am wake-time.Reinforce this with good light exposure habits and sleep hygiene.
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Key Points Likely to do best with early sleep and wake times; 8-10pm and 4-6am Good melatonin production; slow breakdown Likely ideal Sleeponset time; possible delay Benefit most from 7-8 hours of high quality sleep Likely to have about 60 minutes of micro-awakenings through the nightUnlikely to experience excessive sleep movement except as a result with grain sensitivity symptoms Sleep Recommendations Create a sleep ritual toprepare for sleep and start the onset timer early Magnesium glycinate will support sleep Aim for 8-9 hours for 7-8 hours of high-quality sleep.Consider Oura Ring, biostrap, or Garmin Watch to track over time.
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Module 38
Melatonin
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Melatonin is the sleep hormone. Genetic can help to guide the need forsupplementation by looking at production, response to supplementation,and breakdown speed. Melatonin can be supplemented in conditionswhere production or response is diminished.
Melatonin Production: Light has a strong production on melatonin;melatonin production decreases when light gets brighter and increasesas lights dim. It can take up to 4 hours to produce optimal melatoninlevels for optimal sleep.
Melatonin Response: Certain individuals tend to respond to melatoninsupplementation whereas others experience minimal effects.
Melatonin Breakdown: Similar to caffeine, genetics can predispose individuals to vary in melatonin breakdown efficiency.
WHY THIS MATTERS?
Melatonin Production: Production drops off dramatically as we age and this can have significant health impacts. Genetics provide an understanding asto optimal strategies to increase melatonin production and increase sleep quality.
Melatonin Response: Those with specific genetics may experience a better response from dietary sources of melatonin rather than supplementation.
Melatonin Breakdown: Depending on melatonin breakdown efficiency, some forms of melatonin may be more beneficial than others. For example, afast metabolizer may benefit from a delayed release supplement, whereas a slow metabolizer may feel waking drowsiness from the same levels.
Functions of melatonin:
Sleep - Melatonin is intimately involved with regulation of our circadian rhythm.
Antioxidant - A powerful free radical scavenger, melatonin interacts with immune cells to help boost response to infectious organisms.
Immune function - Melatonin interacts with immune cells to help boost response to infectious organisms.
Anti-aging - Melatonin plays a role in longevity.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
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MTNR1B(1) rs1387153 CC
MTNR1B(2) rs10830963 CC
MTNR1B(4) rs7942988 CC
TPH2(1) rs4570625 GT
AANAT rs28936679 .
ADA rs73598374 CC
CYP1A2(1) rs762551 CA
Melatonin Production
Average
You’re likely to have ideal production of melatonin in combinationwith healthy sleep habits.
Melatonin Response
Average
You’re likely to respond effectively to melatonin supplementation.
Melatonin Breakdown
Slow
You’re likely to break down melatonin slowly throughout the night;you’re likely to benefit from lower doses (0.3 to 1.5mg) ofsupplementation. Extended-release melatonin should be avoided.
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Module 39
Sleep Onset
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEAN
Normal sleep onset is the time from lying down to the first stages ofsleep. Onset is approximately 15-20 minutes, however, falling asleepfaster can indicate a degree of sleep deprivation.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Individual genetics play a large role in predicting longer or shorter sleeponset. Despite possessing a propensity for delayed sleeponset, identifying the genetic components that are most impactful to theprocess allows a much more directed and personalized approach tooptimal sleep interventions. Onset of sleep outside of the typical rangeusually indicates either a genetic or lifestyle component.
0-5 minutes = severe sleep deprivation 6-15 minutes = moderate sleep deprivation 15-20 minutes = normal >20 minutes = probable genetic or environmental
Gene Marker Your Genotype
NPSR1 rs324981 TT
CLOCK(3) rs1801260 AA
PER3(1) rs10462021 AA
PER3(2) rs228697 CC
COMT rs4680 GA
AANAT rs28936679 .
CACNA1C(1) rs4765913 TT
Sleep Onset
Typical Onset
You’re likely to fall asleep normally; within 15-20 minutes of goingto bed or starting your sleep routine.
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CACNA1C(2) rs2239063 AA
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Module 40
Sleep Duration
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
When we don't get the sleep we need, we experience surges of stresshormones which disrupt our cognition and ability to regulate emotions.90% of adults require 7 - 9 hours of sleep a night.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Studies have demonstrated that just two hours of sleep deprivation (5 - 6hours of sleep) results in a vigilance level equivalent to the consumptionof two alcoholic drinks. Interestingly, while there is a detrimental declinein vigilance our perceived level of vigilance will be normal. Lost sleepreduces brain power and productivity, diminishes concentration, andimpairs memory. It lowers creativity, reduces the ability to communicate,impairs motor skills, and increases stress and anxiety. Many factorscontribute to how long we sleep. Assessing your genetic sleep variationsand establishing effective sleep strategies are essential steps in theprocess of sleep optimization.
Sleep requirements Teens - 9-10 hours Adults - 7-9 hours
Gene Marker Your Genotype
NPSR1 rs324981 TT
CLOCK(1) rs11932595 AA
CLOCK(2) rs1801260 AA
COMT rs4680 GA
ADA rs73598374 CC
GNB3 rs5443 TT
Sleep Duration
Shorter Sleep Time
Your genetics are associated with shorter sleep cycles. (6.5-8hours of high quality sleep is desirable). Consider the impact ofthis section in combination with sleep onset and sleep disruption.
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ABCC9(1) rs1517284 TT
GRIA3(1) rs687577 C
ABCC9(2) rs11046205 GG
CLOCK(4) rs12649507 AA
DEC2 rs121912617 GG
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Module 41
Sleep Disruption
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Sleep is the most important thing you can do to improve performance inlife. Sleep quality is determined by a complex network ofinteracting physiological processes which are strongly influencedby lifestyle. It is influenced by the amount of deep sleep, the number ofrapid eye movement (REM) episodes, and the number and durationof waking episodes. When our lifestyle is not in sync with ourchronotype, sleep quality can be significantly impacted.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Genetic predispositions can provide a directed approach that can betaken to improve sleep quality. It's important to align with your circadianpropensity before addressing sleep quality.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
MTNR1B(4) rs7942988 CC
PPP2R4 rs10988217 AG
COMT rs4680 GA
ADORA2A rs5751876 TC
GNB3 rs5443 TT
GRIA3(1) rs687577 C
ARNT rs2228099 CC
Sleep Disruption
Low
Overall, your genetics are indicative of natural propensity for goodsleep quality with healthy sleep habits. If your experience isdifferent, an epigenetic coach can assist in achieving your sleepgoals.
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FABP7 rs2279381 CC
TNF rs1800629 GA
BDNF rs6265 CT
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Module 42
Daytime Drowsiness
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Daytime Drowsiness involves a decreased ability to regulate sleep/wakecycles.
WHY THIS MATTERS?
Certain genotypes may predispose individuals to increased daytime drowsiness propensity in combination with micronutrient deficiencies.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
HLA-DRB1 rs3135388 GG
TRCA rs1154155 TT
P2RY11 rs2305795 GA
Daytime Drowsiness Propensity
Unlikely to Express
You have a low propensity towards daytime drowsiness. If you’reexperiencing sleepiness during the day, it may be the result ofsleep deprivation. An epigenetic coach can assist in enhancingyour performance.
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Module 43
Sleep Movement
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Excessive sleep movement is a condition that can disrupt your sleep. Itis characterized by a need to move the legs and tends to be worse whileattempting to sleep. Spontaneous movements are triggered by rest,relaxation, or sleep. Potential causes include iron deficiency,genetic predisposition, brain neurotransmitter imbalances, and increasedbrain glutamate.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Carrying genetic predispositions does not suggest that it is present, thisis solely based on probability. Many people have the symptoms without agenetic predisposition as well. The genetic variations can provideinterventions that will have a higher probability of mitigating expression.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
MEIS1 rs2300478 TT
BTBD9(1) rs9357271 CC
BTBD9(2) rs3923809 AG
MAP2K5(1) rs12593813 AA
MAP2K5(2) rs11635424 AA
PTPRD rs4626664 GA
Excessive Sleep MovementPropensity
Typical
You’re unlikely to experience excessive sleep movement fromgenetics. If you’re experiencing sleep movement, considerworking with an epigenetic coach to enhance your sleep.
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Module 44
Phase 1 Detox
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Phase 1 is the first line of defense against toxins. Although 'toxins' havea negative connotation, they are necessary for bodily function. Toxinsinclude medications, supplements, and even things that are produced byan individual's physiology. Phase 1 changes toxins into a form that canbe flushed out of an individual's system.
Medication, anesthetic, acetaminophen, and NSAID metabolisms: Eachindividual has different breakdown speeds of various toxins dependingon genetic propensity and also epigenetic factors.
Estrogen Metabolism: This is a more complex breakdown compared toother toxins.There are multiple ways estrogen can break down;some more desirable than others. Genetics can predict this likelihood.
WHY THIS MATTERS
This first phase can convert toxins into benign forms but it also has thepotential of creating an even more toxic product. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to both phase 1 and phase 2 detoxification pathways.
Medication, anesthetic, acetaminophen, and NSAID metabolisms: Depending on breakdown speed, individuals can experience different formsof imbalance when theres a build-up of these toxins. Understanding one's propensity can provide insight into how the body responds to them.
Estrogen Metabolism: Understanding the propensity can indicate an area that may benefit from more precise measurement and support.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
CYP1A1 rs2606345 CA
CYP2A6(2) rs5031017 CC
CYP2C9(2) rs1799853 CC
CYP1B1(1) rs1056836 GG
Medication Metabolism
Optimal
Ideal breakdown of nicotine, nitrosamines, and certainmedications. Ensure optimal glutathione function.
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CYP2C19(2) rs28399504 AA
CYP3A4 rs2740574 TT
CYP2D6 rs3892097 CC
CYP2D6(3) rs133333 AA
CYP2D6(4) rs5758550 AA
CYP2E1(1) rs6413419 GG
CYP2E1(2) rs2031920 CT
Anesthetics Metabolism
Optimal
Likely to have an ideal, fast metabolism of anesthetics.
Acetaminophen Metabolism
Slow
Likely to have very slow metabolism of acetaminophen (tylenol)and alcohol. Regular use can contribute to liver issues. Limit theirusage.
NSAIDS Metabolism
Optimal
Fast metabolism of NSAIDs.
Estrogen Metabolism
Typical
Likely to have a balance of desirable and undesirable estrogenmetabolism. Consider working with an epigenetic coach orphysician to support estrogen metabolism.
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Module 45
Methylation
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
As you know, epigenetics changes the expression of genes based on theenvironment. Methylation plays a crucial part in this process, andoptimal balance creates desirable outcomes. Methylation is one of themost important processes in the body and it plays a significant role indetoxification.
WHY THIS MATTERS
When methylation is out of balance, it causes systemic effects that canlead to undesirable outcomes. There are many variables toconsider such as micronutrient levels and lifestyle factors.Impactful micronutrients include B12, B6, and folate,whereas, important lifestyle factors include smoking and alcoholreduction, consistent exercise, and stress optimization.
Overmethylation symptoms include paranoia, self mutilation (tattoos,piercings), depression, artistic or music abilities, low motivation, upperbody/head/neck pain, high pain threshold, a lot of body hair, hard time shutting mind off, food/chemical sensitivities, high anxiety, sleep disorder, panictendencies, adverse reactions to antihistamine, and pacing.
Undermethylation symptoms include obsessive compulsive tendencies, history of perfectionism, history of high accomplishment, ritualistic behaviors,low tolerance for pain, addictive tendencies, self-motivated, history of competitiveness in sports, social isolation, tendency towards slenderness,phobias, seasonal allergies, frequent headaches, very strong willed, poor concentration endurance.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
DHFR(1) rs1643649 TT
FOLR1 rs2071010 GG
COMT rs4680 GA
DHFR(2) rs70991108 DI
Methylation
Typical
Genes associated with relatively normal methylation ability.
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SLC19A1 rs1051266 TC
MTHFR 677t rs1801133 GA
MTHFR 1298c rs1801131 TG
CBS rs234706 GG
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Module 46
Acetylation
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
As you know, epigenetics changes the expression of genes based on theenvironment. Acetylation plays a crucial part in this process, andoptimal balance rates desirable outcomes. Acetylation is one of themost important processes in the body and it plays a significant role indetoxification. It works to help detoxify histamines, tobacco smoke,exhaust fumes, and medications.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Proper acetylation contributes to optimal organ function, and providesprotection agains long term imbalances.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
NAT1(1) rs1805158 CC
NAT1(2) rs4986782 GG
NAT2(1) rs1801280 TT
NAT2(2) rs1799931 GG
NAT2(3) rs1801279 GG
Acetylation
Typical
Genes associated with normal acetylation function.
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Module 47
Glutathione System
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Phase 2 detoxification systems are responsible for eliminating toxinsfrom the body. Glutathione is one of the most important systems of thephase 2 detoxification process. It is the master antioxidant and isgenerally responsible for reducing inflammation. While many peoplefocus on taking antioxidants, this may not be the best option foroptimizing the body. Focusing on enhancing the glutathione system willallow the body to manage inflammation in a more efficient manner.
WHY THIS MATTERS
In addition to inflammation management, glutathione boosts immunefunction, enhances mitochondrial function, repairs DNA, and detoxifiesheavy metals, medications, environmental toxins, and pollutants.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
GSTM1(2) rs366631 AG
GPX1(2) rs3448 CC
GSTT1 rs11550605 .
GPX1(3) rs3197999 GG
GSTP1(2) rs1138272 CC
GSTP1(1) rs1695 AG
GPX1(1) rs1050450 GG
Glutathione
Support Benefit
You have an increased benefit from supporting your glutathionesystems. An epigenetics coach can provide more individualizedsupport; however, you’re likely to benefit most from adequateselenium from a multivitamin, adaptogens, and NAC.
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GSTM1(1) rs1056806 CC
GCLC rs553822 CT
CAT rs1049982 TC
CAT(2) rs769217 CC
TXN rs2301241 GA
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Module 48
Mitochondria
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
The mitochondria are classically viewed as the batteries of our cells.They produce the energy required for cell function. Many opportunitiesfor enhancements are either directly or indirectly related to mitochondria;health experts have increasingly focused on maximizing mitochondrialhealth to optimize the human system.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Because of energy production, the mitochondria produce free radicals.Free radicals are typically understood as unstable atoms that candamage cells, causing illness and aging. This is not completely accurateas some free radicals are essential and beneficial. Therefore, it isimportant to maintain balance and homeostasis in the body.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
NQO1 rs1800566 GA
UCP2(1) rs659366 TT
SOD2 rs4880 AA
UCP4 rs2270450 CT
SIRT1 rs12778366 TT
SIRT5 rs10498683 CC
SOD2(2) rs2758331 CC
Mitochondria
Support Needed
Strong benefit from mitochondrial support to reduceinflammation and generate more energy. Consider mitochondrialboosters such as Fish oil, MitoQ, NMN, and D-ribose, as well ashigh quality sleep, intermittent fasting, regular exercise, and coldthermogenesis.
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COX6B1 rs6510502 CC
ATP5C1(1) rs11255367 AA
ATP5C1(2) rs2802460 TT
NDUFS2 rs1136224 AG
NRF2(1) rs6721961 GG
NRF2(2) rs1962142 GG
PPARGC1A rs8192678 CT
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Module 49
Mold Sensitivity
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
It is estimated that nearly 25% of the population carries genetics that predispose to decreased mold detoxification. Often genetic variants correspondto decreased production of the antibodies that eliminate mold toxins. This can lead to chronic inflammation and overall diminished wellness. There aretwo factors to consider when determining need for support: level and duration of exposure and genetics of the detoxification system.
WHY THIS MATTERS
When it comes to mold, consider that according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Building Assessment Survey and Evaluation (BASE)study, 45% of U.S. buildings have current/ongoing water damage and 85% have past water damage. This is a ripe breeding ground for mold. Symptomscan include: chronic headache, fatigue, dizziness, memory problems/brain fog, muscle aches, cough, and shortness of breath.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
HLA-DRA(1) rs7192 TG
HLA-DRA(2) rs3135391 GG
HLA-DRA(3) rs8084 AC
Sensitivity to Mold Toxin
More Sensitive
Genes suggest correlation with increased sensitivity and lessability to detoxify mold. Limit exposure overall; A HEPA air filtercan assist in home and work environments.
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Module 50
Lyme Intensity
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Lyme is a disease transmitted by ticks. There are two different variationsof Lyme disease; acute and chronic. Acute infection is the immediatereaction after exposure to Lyme. It is well documented, and earlytreatment is important. Chronic Lyme disease is a bit more complicatedand can be difficult to diagnose.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Antibody tests are available, however, they only confirm past infection. The diagnosis of chronic Lyme disease is based primarily on symptoms.These symptoms can include:chronic fatigue, headache, muscle andjoint aches, memory loss /other cognitive impairments,numbness/tingling, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Chronic Lymedisease is becoming a significant issue and several geneticvariants predispose individuals to more significant health issues.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
TLR1 rs5743618 AA
ACSL1 rs13120078 GG
GAD1(1) rs3749034 GG
GAD1(2) rs3828275 CT
GSTP1(2) rs1138272 CC
GAD1(3) rs3791878 GT
SOD2(2) rs2758331 CC
Lyme Intensity Propensity
Typical
If exposed to Lyme, you're likely to have a typical response.
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Module 51
Envirotoxin and Pollution Sensitivity
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
The consequences of living in an industrialized world is the exposure to new toxins created by society. Many of these envirotoxins can significantlyalter gene expression if they aren't adequately detoxified. Genetic propensities indicate the inflammatory response after exposure to envirotoxins.
WHY THIS MATTERS
These toxins can cause chronic disruptions and can even lead to disruptions of genetic expressions in our children and subsequent generations. It isimpossible to avoid exposure to these chemicals so it is essential to make sure our defense systems are optimized to manage and process exposure.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
CAT(3) rs2300181 CC
NQO1 rs1800566 GA
UGT2B15 rs1902023 AC
LOX rs1800449 CC
IL6 rs1800795 GG
Pollution and Envirotoxin Sensitivity
Increased
Likely to experience strong undesirable reactions to envirotoxinssuch as BPA, phthalates, pollution, smoke, etc. Limit exposure byusing air and water filters. Consider hypo-allergenic andfragrance-free cleaning and beauty supplies. Glutathione supportsuch as selenium from a multivitamin and NAC may be beneficial,as well as overall environmental support from Quercetin.
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Module 52
Histamine Sensitivity
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Histamines are a compound the body uses to signal that it is underattack, and is a natural part of our defense system. Histamines comefrom the environment and are also produced in our own gut.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Histamines are responsible for sneezing, itching, hives, rashes, stuffynose, etc. These all sound unpleasant but they have a purpose. Thissystem, like every system in the body, requires balance. This means thatit is good to have the response but we also need to be able to control itand turn it off when it is no longer needed.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
AOC1(1) rs10156191 CC
AOC1(2) rs1049742 CC
AOC1(3) rs1049793 CC
AOC1(4) rs2052129 GG
HNMT rs1050891 AA
MAO-B rs10521432 G
MTHFR 677t rs1801133 GA
MTHFR 1298c rs1801131 TG
MAO-B(2) rs1799836 T
Histamine Sensitivity
Typical
Genes associated with relatively average histamine processing.
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Module 53
Heavy Metal Processing and Impact
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Genetics predispose the likely health impact of heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and mercury. All heavy metalsare processed similarly, however mercury is the most encountered.
Overall Heavy Metal Processing: Heavy metal processing is how fast your body absorbs and eliminates heavy metals.
Inorganic Metal Processing: Inorganic mercury exposure comes from inhaled environmental pollutants, food, dental amalgams, vaccinations, andeven supplements. Some Ayurvedic herbs have significant heavy metal contamination. Ayurveda is the traditional Hindu system of medicine; it isbased on the idea of balance in the body and uses diet, herbal treatment, and yogic breathing.
Organic Metal Processing: Organic metal is the form found in nature; individuals are principally exposed to through fish consumption.
Heavy Metal Health Impact: Certain gene variants can predispose an individual to significant impact from even low levels of exposure. Studies havedemonstrated that this may be related to genetics; gene variants provide a picture of how heavy metal ingestion affects overall health. Heavy metaleffects impact each individual differently due to variations in the distribution, metabolism, and elimination.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Overall/Inorganic/Organic Metal Processing: Low processing can contribute to a build up of heavy metals in the system and creates non-desirablehealth impacts.
Heavy Metal Health Impact: Heavy metals can affect many body systems including the brain & nervous system, heart, and kidneys. There are impactson reproductive and endocrine function. It can induce or exacerbate autoimmune disease and neurologic risks in the perinatal and earlychildhood period can lead to cognitive and behavioral changes. Although all forms of heavy metals have adverse effects on human health at highdoses, the evidence suggests low level of exposure may potentially lead to significant outcomes.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
GSTM1(2) rs366631 AG
GSTT1 rs11550605 .
GSTP1(2) rs1138272 CC
MT4 rs11643815 GG
Overall Heavy Metal Processing
Low
Low processing of heavy metals overall. Limit exposure andconsider glutathione and antioxidant support to ensure optimalprocessing of heavy metals. Selenium from a multivitamin, NAC,and Quercetin are ideal for supporting processing.
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GSTP1(1) rs1695 AG
GCLM rs41303970 GG
GPX1(1) rs1050450 GG
SEPP1 rs7579 CC
ABCC2(1) rs1885301 GG
ABCC2(2) rs717620 CC
ABCC2(3) rs2273697 GA
ATP7B(2) rs1061472 TC
BDNF rs6265 CT
COMT rs4680 GA
CPOX4 rs1131857 TG
CPOX5 rs1729995 TC
PON1 rs854561
PGR rs1042838 CC
TF rs3811647 GA
MMP2 rs243865 CC
Inorganic Metal Processing
High
You’re likely to have ideal processing of heavy metals frominorganic sources such as dental amalgams. Limit exposure andensure optimal selenium levels.
Organic Metal Processing
Very Low
Very low processing of heavy metals from organic sources suchas food. Limit exposure and consider glutathione and antioxidantsupport to ensure optimal processing of heavy metals. Seleniumfrom a multivitamin, NAC, and Quercetin are ideal for supportingprocessing.
Heavy Metal Health Impact
High
Heavy metal buildup is likely to create intense and undesirablelong-term effects. Limit your exposure and ensure optimalprocessing. Selenium from a multivitamin, NAC, and Quercetin areideal for supporting this system.
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Module 54
Mercury and Fish
Fish consumption is one of the more robustly discussed topics as itrepresents the greatest source of exposure to organic mercury. Thisinformation by itself may prompt people to avoid fish yet it is only part ofthe story. The truth is that fish is very healthy; it is full of omega-3 fats. Additionally, most fish contain a high ratio of selenium to mercury. Thisratio is much more important than the absolute mercury contentbecause selenium essentially makes mercury nonreactive. Recentevidence suggests a major contributors of mercury symptoms may bedue to selenium deficiency. Consuming fish with a higher level ofselenium than mercury is safe and healthy. Listed below are the averageratios for many common fish.
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Module 55
About Athletic Performance Genetics
Interpretations & Recommendations from your coach, Mickra Hamilton
Key Points Strong VO2 Max genetics; especially muscle VO2 Max Low muscle fatiguability; longer muscle endurance Slightly increased recovery timeafter intense exercise; liposomal vitamin C will enhance recovery Average strength and hypertrophy genetics Propensity towards endurance ratherthan power/sprint Above average benefit from soft tissue support over time Performance Recommendations Berberine, D-ribose and allmitochondrial boosters mentioned earlier to boost ATP recycling and mitochondrial function Ashwagandha to reduce soreness and fatigue afterintense exercise Incorporate flexibility training over time to protect soft tissue; BPC-157 is also very effective.
There is strong correlational evidence that genetics play an importantrole in athletic performance. Correlation means two things have ademonstrated tendency to show up together. For example, elite athletestend to have certain genetics, however, having genetics similar to eliteathletes does not guarantee elite performance. On the other hand, thereare elite athletes that possess genetics which are not indicators of eliteperformance. Several factors can attribute to this seemingly disparateoccurrences such as genetics, epigenetics, and environmental factors.
Athletic propensities are generally expressed through a combination ofSNPs rather than a single relevant SNP. Epigenetics provides the abilityto change the genetic expression through environment and lifestyle. Thealteration of specific genes occurs through nutrigenomics, which is the strategic use of nutrition and supplementation to change epigeneticexpression.
Keep in mind, genetics is about propensities and probabilities, not absolutes. Having ideal genes for elite performance will not make you an eliteathlete, and not having optimal performance genetics does not make it out of reach. This translation guide is not designed to provide direct toconsumer guidance; it should be used as away to open a discussion with an Apeiron Certified Epigenetic Human Performance Coach who understandsthe art and science of genetics, epigenetics, and the interactive component of using the personal genetic blueprint to guide success in alignment withyour specific goals.
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Module 56
VO2 Max Overall
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
VO2 max is the maximum amount of oxygen a person can use during intense exercise. There are three different categories of VO2 Max:cardiovascular, metabolic, and muscle. Most genetic analysis are correlation based studies and compare athletes with elite performance capabilitiesto non-elite athletes. VO2 max is a common measure of athletic performance and can be used to guide training programs for optimal outcomes. Eliteendurance athletes consider optimal VO2 max an essential area to optimize.
WHY THIS MATTERS
There is a strong genetic component to VO2 max; genetics can predict 25-50% of the differences between individuals. VO2 max takes into accountcardiac stroke volume, heart rate, vascular tone, muscle fiber type, and metabolic machinery of the cell. This report breaks down individual pieces ofthe system that contribute to VO2 max and the specific gene variants that contribute to the components. This helps to bio-individualize recommendations for improvement.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
RGS18 rs10921078 GG
BTAF1 rs2792022 TC
TSHR rs7144481 TT
GRIN3A rs1535628 AA
KCNH8 rs4973706 TT
C9 rs12115454 GA
ZIC4 rs11715829 TT
CAMTA1 rs884736 TC
BIRC7 rs6090314 AA
Overall VO2 Max
Strong
You’re likely to have higher VO2 max trainability; see eachindividual section for more information.
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NDN rs824205 CC
TTC6 rs12896790 TT
APOe(1) rs429358 TT
APOe(2) rs7412 CC
HFE(1) rs1799945 CG
HFE(2) rs1800562 GG
PPARA rs4253778 GG
VEGFa(1) rs2010963 GG
HBB rs11036351 CT
CHRM2 rs324640 GG
EPAS1 rs1867785 AA
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Module 57
Cardiovascular VO2 Max
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
The first component of VO2 max is cardiovascular function. Thegenetics of cardiovascular function affects the heart rate, heart rhythm,blood flow, nervous system response, and blood capillary size.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Genetics that improve cardiovascular VO2 max enhance the function ofthe above processes. Better processes typically correspond withstronger athletic performance from training.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
ADRB1 rs1801253 GC
NFIA-AS2 rs1572312 GG
EDN1 rs5370 GT
BDKRB2 rs1799722 CC
HIF1A rs1885088 GG
DBX1 rs10500872 TT
ADRB2(1) rs1042713 GA
Cardiovascular VO2 Max
Strong
You’re likely to have higher VO2 max trainability via thecardiovascular system. You can train cardiovascular VO2 maxwith HRV training, CO2 training, and HIIT training.
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ADRB2(2) rs1042714 GC
CREB1 rs2253206 AG
KIF5B rs211302 CC
NPY rs16139 TT
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Module 58
Metabolic and Muscular VO2 Max
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Metabolic and muscular components of VO2 max are grouped together in this section because there is crossover in the genes involved with each. VO2max is the body's ability to uptake oxygen, deliver it efficiently to the cells, transport it effectively into the muscle and then rely on the muscles to use itin an optimized fashion.
Metabolic VO2 Max: How oxygen is used by mitochondria to create energy.
Muscle VO2 Max: How oxygen is used in the muscles to generate force.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Oxygen is a key component for converting macronutrients into energy. Without adequate and efficient supply of oxygen, the conversion of nutrientsinto usable energy can be compromised.
Metabolic/Muscle VO2 Max: If beneficial, they can contribute to VO2 potential trainability.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
DEPTOR rs7386139 GA
MIPEP rs7324557 AG
AGTR2(2) rs1403543 A
ACSL1(2) rs6552828 AA
AMPD1 rs17602729 GG
NRF1(1) rs2402970 CC
NRF1(2) rs6949152 AG
HIF1A rs1885088 GG
Metabolic VO2 Max
Strong
Your metabolic system is likely to contribute effectively to VO2max; you can enhance your mitochondrial function and VO2 maxusing mitochondrial boosters such as D-ribose, NMN, MitoQ, andBerberine.
Muscle VO2 Max
Elite
You’re likely to have optimal use of oxygen within the muscles toenhance performance. You can train muscle VO2 max throughhigh intensity interval training (HIIT) and D-ribosesupplementation.
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CKMM rs8111989 TT
TTN rs10497520 TC
UCP3 rs1800849 GA
PPARGC1A rs8192678 CT
KIF5B rs211302 CC
GABPB1 rs7181866 AA
DAAM1 rs1956197 TT
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Module 59
Muscle Fatigability
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Muscle fatiguability is the amount of inflammation generated in muscle. During intense exercise and over the course of training, a muscles abilityto generate forces decreases as the muscle becomes fatigued.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Elite muscle fatiguability allows an individual to work out longer andmore intensely than someone that has a lower fatiguability.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
AGTR2(1) rs11091046 C
AGTR2(2) rs1403543 A
HNF4A rs1885088 GG
AMPD1 rs17602729 GG
COL5A1(1) rs12722 .
TTN rs10497520 TC
NAT2(4) rs1208 AA
ACE(2) rs1800764 CC
Muscle Fatigability
Low
You’re likely to experience a slightly slower rate of muscle fatigueduring exercise.
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IL15Ra(1) rs2228059 TG
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Module 60
Recovery
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Recovery is the ability to eliminate inflammation from your muscles.
WHY THIS MATTERS
The body requires a certain amount of time to repair thedamage incurred by intense workouts; understanding your geneticpropensities can guide strategic planning to achieve the highest impactfrom your routine.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
SOD2 rs4880 AA
COL5A1(1) rs12722 .
IL-1B(2) rs1143634 GA
IL6 rs1800795 GG
CKMM rs8111989 TT
NAT2(4) rs1208 AA
TNF rs1800629 GA
Recovery
Slower
Genes associated with longer than average recovery time afterintense exercise. Consider taking additional time between intenseexercise sessions. Antioxidant support such as Vitamin C orCurcumin can speed up recovery at the cost of exercise gains.Consider using a biometric tracker such as the Garmin Fenix 6 totrack stress and recovery more precisely.
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CRP(1) rs1205 CT
CHRM2 rs324640 GG
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Module 61
Strength and Hypertrophy
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Strength: Your muscles ability to generate power.
Hypertrophy: Your ability to build muscle size.
WHY THIS MATTERS
It has been estimated across multiple genomic studies that >50% ofmuscle strength and muscle size is attributable to heritablegenetics. While there is no doubt genetics provides a strong benefit, ideallevels of muscle size and strength are attainable for anyone throughproper training.
Strength/Hypertrophy: With beneficial genetics, it's easier to leverageadvantages to achieve optimal performance.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
AGTR2(1) rs11091046 C
AGTR2(2) rs1403543 A
ACE del rs4343 GA
ACTN3 rs1815739 TC
DIO1(1) rs11206244 CC
IL6 rs1800795 GG
SHBG(4) rs727428 CC
Strength
Average
You have a typical ability to build strength. Holy basil can beeffective at increasing growth hormone production naturally.
Hypertrophy
Average
You’re likely to build muscle size at an average rate. Holy basiland sauna use can be effective at increasing growth hormoneproduction naturally.
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MSTN rs1805086 TT
RETN(1) rs1862513 CG
IGFBP3 rs3110697 AA
ACVR1B rs2854464 GG
IGF1 rs7136446 TT
CNTF rs1800169 GG
IGF2(2) rs3213221 CG
IGF2(3) rs7924316 GG
CCL2(1) rs1024611 AA
CCL2(2) rs1024610 AA
CCR2 rs1799865 TT
IL15Ra(1) rs2228059 TG
IL15Ra(2) rs1057972 TT
IL15Ra(3) rs2296135 AC
RETN(2) rs3745367 AA
IL6R rs4537545 TT
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Module 62
Endurance
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Endurance genetics are an individuals's propensity to build muscles that have fatigue resistance and focus on sustained and smaller movements.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Genetics can predispose towards an advantage in endurance related athletic performance.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
AGTR2(1) rs11091046 C
AGTR2(2) rs1403543 A
ACE del rs4343 GA
ACTN3 rs1815739 TC
BDKRB2 rs1799722 CC
GNB3 rs5443 TT
ADRB2(1) rs1042713 GA
ADRB2(2) rs1042714 GC
ADRB2(3) rs1800888 CC
PPARGC1A rs8192678 CT
PPARD(1) rs2016520 CT
PPARD(2) rs2267668 GA
Endurance
Strong
Your genetics are similar to those of elite endurance-basedathletes.
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ADRA2A(2) rs553668 AG
EPHX1 rs1051740 TC
LTBP4 rs1051303 AG
SCGB1A1 rs3741240 GG
UCP2(2) rs660339 AA
VEGFa(1) rs2010963 GG
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Module 63
Power/Sprint
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Power/sprint genetics are an individual’s propensity to produce shortbursts of explosive power.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Genetics can predispose towards an advantage in power/sprint relatedathletic performance.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
AGTR2(1) rs11091046 C
AGTR2(2) rs1403543 A
ACE del rs4343 GA
ACTN3 rs1815739 TC
DMD rs939787 G
AGT rs699 GG
TTN rs10497520 TC
ACVR1B rs2854464 GG
NAT2(4) rs1208 AA
NOS3(2) rs2070744 TT
Power/Sprint
Moderate
You have some correlations with the genetics of elitepower/sprint-based athletes.
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Module 64
Power vs Endurance
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
This panel looks at the balance between power/sprint and endurance based genetics to determine the likely individual preference.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Knowing your genetics can guide your training to focus on enhancing your strengths or training areas that benefit from support.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
AGTR2(1) rs11091046 C
AGTR2(2) rs1403543 A
ACE del rs4343 GA
ACTN3 rs1815739 TC
BDKRB2 rs1799722 CC
DMD rs939787 G
GNB3 rs5443 TT
AGT rs699 GG
ADRB2(1) rs1042713 GA
TTN rs10497520 TC
ADRB2(2) rs1042714 GC
ACVR1B rs2854464 GG
Power Vs Endurance Propensity
Moderate Endurance
You’re likely to perform better with endurance-based activitiesrather than sprint or power-based exercises.
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NAT2(4) rs1208 AA
ADRB2(3) rs1800888 CC
PPARGC1A rs8192678 CT
NOS3(2) rs2070744 TT
PPARD(1) rs2016520 CT
PPARD(2) rs2267668 GA
VDR bsm rs1544410 CC
ADRA2A(2) rs553668 AG
EPHX1 rs1051740 TC
LTBP4 rs1051303 AG
SCGB1A1 rs3741240 GG
UCP2(2) rs660339 AA
VEGFa(1) rs2010963 GG
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Module 65
Soft Tissue
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Regardless of exercise frequency, genetic propensities for soft tissuesupport are an important consideration. Soft tissue connects,supports, and surrounds organs and structures within the body.
Tendon and Ligament Support Need: Tendons attach muscles to otherstructures within the body whereas ligament connect bone to bonewhile stabilizing structures.
Cartilage Support Need: Cartilage is a type of tissue that maintainsjoint elasticity .
Lumbar Disc Support Need: The lumbar disc refers to the spinal discs inthe lower back.
Rotator Cuff Support Need: The rotator cuff is the primary muscle groupthat surrounds the shoulder joint.
WHY THIS MATTERS
Knowing your genetic predispositions can guide support strategies.
Tendon and Ligament Support Need: Genetic propensity indicates the likely strength and support need of tendons and ligaments .
Cartilage Support Need: This indicates the likely need for support in maintaining fluid motion of the joints.
Lumbar Disc Support Need: Genetic propensity indicates support benefit for lower back spinal health.
Rotator Cuff Support Need: This indicates overall support for the different rotator cuff muscles.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
COL1A1 rs1800012 CC
COL3A1 rs1800255 .
COL12A1 rs240736 AA
Tendon and Ligament Support Need
Average
Typical need for tendon/ligament support over time. Ensure softtissue support such as flexibility training, lower inflammation, andgood form during exercise.
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COL5A1(1) rs12722 .
IL6 rs1800795 GG
COL5A1(2) rs3196378 CA
GDF5 rs143383 AG
MMP3(1) rs591058 TC
MMP3(2) rs679620 TC
FAM46A rs3117582 TT
CILP rs2073711 AA
COL11A1 rs1676486 AG
CRP(1) rs1205 CT
CRP(2) rs3093066 GG
ADAM12 rs1871054 CT
ESRRB1 rs17583842 TT
FGFR1 rs13317 CC
SASH1 rs12527089 CC
SAP30BP rs820218 GG
COL6A4P1 rs7639618 CC
IL1RN rs9005 GG
IL1A rs1800587 AA
CCDC111 rs12108497 CT
FGF10 rs1011814 TC
Cartilage Support Need
Average
Typical need for cartilage support over time. Ensure soft tissuesupport such as flexibility training, lower inflammation, and goodform during exercise.
Lumbar Disc Support Need
Increased
Increased need for lumbar disc support. Consider working with anEpigenetic coach and using BPC-157 to achieve optimal supportand protection.
Rotator Cuff Support Need
Average
Typical need for rotator cuff support over time. Ensure soft tissuesupport such as flexibility training, lower inflammation, and goodform during exercise.
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HIF1A(2) rs11549467 GG
KDR(1) rs1870377 TA
KDR(2) rs2071559 AG
VEGFa(2) rs1570360 .
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Module 66
Thyroid
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
The thyroid gland is one of the most important organs in the body. It is responsible for production of hormones that control metabolism. The gland'sinvolvement in metabolism affects a range of body functions such as body weight, cognitive functions, body temperature, menstrual cycles, muscleperformance, and cholesterol.
TSH Propensity: Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is a hormone that determines how much thyroid hormone is produced
DIO1 Activity: These SNPs predict conversion of inactive thyroid hormone to the active form throughout the body (not including within the brain)
DIO2 Activity: These SNPs predict conversion of inactive thyroid hormone to the active form within the brain
WHY THIS MATTERS
The production and utilization of thyroid hormone is highly complex. Optimizing outcomes requires a deep knowledge of the interactions of lifestyle,environment, genetics, and epigenetics.
TSH Propensity: Genetic variations predict likely TSH levels for optimal production. This works well in combination with blood lab tests to createprecise strategies for optimal outcomes
DIO1 Activity: Thyroid conversion is important to maintaining optimal performance
DIO2 Activity: Reduced activity can contribute to thyroid hormone deficiency in the brain which may not be present in blood testing
Possible signs of over-active thyroid include anxiety, insomnia, shaking hands, weight loss, sweating, and hair loss.
Possible signs of under-active thyroid includes weight gain, fatigue, dry skin, hair loss, cold hands/feet, and constipation.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
PDE8B(1) rs4704397 AA
PDE8B(2) rs1382879 CC
TSH Propensity
Average
Likely to have typical TSH levels associated with normal thyroidfunction.
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PDE8B(3) rs12515498 CC
DIO1(1) rs11206244 CC
PDE8B(4) rs6885099 GG
THRA rs939348 TT
DIO1(2) rs2235544 CA
DIO2(1) rs12885300 CC
DIO2(2) rs225014 CC
SLCO1B1 rs4149056 TT
SLC16A2 rs6647476 C
DIO1 Activity
High
Likely to have increased conversion from the inactive to activethyroid hormone; consider lab testing to manage levels.
DIO2 Activity
Low
Decreased conversion from the inactive to active thyroid hormonein the brain; consider lab testing to ensure optimal active thyroidhormone levels. Forskolin and Ashwagandha can promoteincreased conversion.
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Module 67
Autoimmune Thyroid
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Autoimmune thyroid conditions look at the geneticpropensity for inflammation to trigger an undesirable immune response.
WHY THIS MATTERS
It can provide important insight into benefits of inflammationmanagement strategies.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
FOXE1(1) rs965513 GG
FOXE1(2) rs7850258 GG
PTPN22 rs2476601 GG
DIO1(1) rs11206244 CC
IL6 rs1800795 GG
CTLA4(1) rs3087243 GA
CTLA4(2) rs231775 AA
FCRL3 rs7528684 AG
IL23R rs10889677 AA
TNF rs1800629 GA
Autoimmune Thyroid
Average
Average autoimmune response to inflammation based oncorrelations.
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Module 68
Cortisol
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Cortisol is frequently referred to as the “stress” hormone, however, it is an essential part to human optimization.
Cortisol Production: Genetics predict the likely production of cortisol in alignment with circadian propensity and in response to stress
Cortisol Receptor Response: The responsiveness of your body to cortisol
WHY THIS MATTERS
Many of these SNPs are highly vulnerable to life events that can epigenetically modify their expression. This suggests lifestyle factors may producesignificant impacts on expressions despite genetic predispositions.
Cortisol Production: Cortisol is essential to wake us up in the morning, it boosts performance during acute stress, and low to moderate levels areneeded for decision making
Cortisol Receptor Response: Sensitivity is responsible for producing a reaction to cortisol and managing stress optimally
Gene Marker Your Genotype
FKBP5(1) rs1360780 CC
FKBP5(2) rs3800373 AA
FKBP5(3) rs4713916 GG
HTR2C(2) rs1414334 G
COMT rs4680 GA
GSTP1(1) rs1695 AG
Cortisol Production
Typical Production
Likely to have typical production of cortisol.
Cortisol Receptor Response
Less Responsive
Likely to have decreased response to stress. Mindfulness practiceand HRV training can support optimal response to stress.
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NR3C1 rs6190 CC
CRHR1(2) rs12938031 AA
CRHR2(1) rs2190242 CA
CRHR2(2) rs2267715 GA
NR3C2 rs5522 TT
NR3C1(2) rs10052957 GG
NR3C1(3) rs41423247 GG
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Module 69
Estrogen
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Estrogen is a beneficial hormone in both males and females. It has manybenefits beyond involvement in reproduction; it is essential to bonehealth.
Estrogen Conversion from Testosterone: Testosterone is broken downinto estrogen; this is the primary way it is produced
Estrogen Receptor Response: Genetics predict the likely response toestrogen - this gauge only applies to females
Estrogen Metabolism: There are multiple ways estrogen can breakdown; some more desirable than others. Genetics canpredict this likelihood
WHY THIS MATTERS
Estrogen Conversion from Testosterone: In females, estrogen is important for maintaining the health of the sex organs, sex drive, and sexualfunction. In males, a lack of estrogen, even with normal testosterone, can contribute to diminished sex drive and erectile dysfunction
Estrogen Receptor Response: When estrogen levels and receptors are out of balance, it can contribute to symptoms such as decreased memorycognitive function or increased intensity of menstrual cycles
Estrogen Metabolism: Understanding the propensity can indicate an area that may benefit from more precise measurement and support
Gene Marker Your Genotype
ESR1(1) rs9340799 AG
ESR1(2) rs2234693 TC
CYP1A1 rs2606345 CA
CYP1B1(1) rs1056836 GG
Estrogen Conversion fromTestosterone
Increased
May have higher estrogen levels due to increased conversionfrom testosterone; consider lab testing to ensure optimaltestosterone levels.
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COMT rs4680 GA
CYP3A4 rs2740574 TT
GSTP1(1) rs1695 AG
CYP19A1(1) rs7176005 CC
CYP19A1(2) rs749292 GG
Estrogen Receptor Response
Increased
Only applies to females; Increased receptor response to estrogencorresponds with higher frequency of severe PMS symptoms,although decreased intensity of menopause symptoms.
Estrogen Metabolism
Typical
Likely to have a balance of desirable and undesirable estrogenmetabolism. Consider working with an epigenetic coach orphysician to support estrogen metabolism.
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Module 70
Testosterone
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Testosterone is traditionally classified as the primary sex hormone; the reality is that it is the primary sex hormone in both males and females. To fullyunderstand testosterone availability and benefits in the body, it is important to look at several factors that contribute to the outcome. These include;the amount of binding from SHBG (sex hormone binding globulin), response to LH (luteinizing hormone), and conversion to DHT (dihydrotestosterone),and conversion to estrogen.
LH Levels: Luteinizing hormone (LH) is responsible for the production of testosterone
SHBG Levels: Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) is responsible for binding testosterone making it unavailable
DHT Levels: Testosterone breaks down into Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) which is responsible for adolescent male development
Estrogen Conversion from Testosterone: Testosterone is also broken down into estrogen
WHY THIS MATTERS
Optimal testosterone levels contribute to many benefits including improved wellbeing, improved confidence and drive, improved sex drive, improvedbone density, improved strength & muscle, decreased cognitive decline, decreased body fat, and improved mood.
LH Levels: Understanding LH levels provides insight into testosterone production propensity
SHBG Levels: In order to experience the benefits of testosterone, it must be available and useable. SHBG is one of the most important pieces todetermine testosterone availability
DHT Levels: Genetics provide insight regarding if further measurement and management is advisable
Estrogen Conversion from Testosterone: In females, estrogen is important for maintaining the health of the sex organs, sex drive, and sexualfunction. In males, a lack of estrogen, even with normal testosterone, can contribute to diminished sex drive and erectile dysfunction
Gene Marker Your Genotype
JMJD1C rs10822184 TT
FAM9B rs5934505 T
LH Levels
Decreased
Likely to have decreased production of testosterone; considerblood lab testing to measure and manage.
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SHBG(1) rs6258 CC
SHBG(3) rs1799941 GG
SHBG(4) rs727428 CC
PLCH2 rs10910078 CC
REEP3 rs10822184 TT
LHCGR rs2293275 CC
CYP19A1(1) rs7176005 CC
APOe(1) rs429358 TT
CYP19A1(2) rs749292 GG
APOe(2) rs7412 CC
CYP17A1 rs1004467 AA
SRD5A1 rs518673 GA
SRD5A2 rs523349 GG
HDAC4 rs9287638 CC
HDAC9 rs2073963 GG
TARDBP rs12565727 AG
FOXA2 rs6047844 CC
MAO-A(1) rs909525 C
MAO-B(2) rs1799836 T
SHBG Levels
Average
Likely to have typical SHBG and free testosterone levels; considerblood lab testing to measure and manage.
DHT Levels
Average
Typical conversion to DHT.
Estrogen Conversion fromTestosterone
Increased
May have higher estrogen levels due to increased conversionfrom testosterone; consider lab testing to ensure optimaltestosterone levels.
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Module 71
Bone Density
RELEVANT SNP'S
WHAT THIS MEANS
Various degrees of low bone density are common in todays society. Studies show that over 50% of 50-59yo females and over 30% of 50-59yo males have low bone density. This process is usually silent andoften discovered after a major bone fracture. Therefore, regularscreening and optimization are so important.
Vitamin K Need: Vitamin K includes a family of compounds,including vitamin K1 and vitamin K2. Vitamin K1 is found in plants, suchas leafy green vegetables. Vitamin K2 is usually of bacterial origin andcan be found in some animal-based and fermented foods but is mostlyconverted by the large intestine or liver from vitamin K1
Bone Density Support Need: Genetics can provide a propensity towardsbone density advantage or need for support
WHY THIS MATTERS
Decreased bone density is becoming more common in younger population; screening shows low levels in males and females in their 20’s and lateteens.
Vitamin K Need: Many people get an adequate amount of vitamin K through their diet. It’s also present in most multivitamin supplements. Geneticscan be an active player in this process and can be predictive of absorption and conversion
Bone Density Support Need: Everyone is at risk of low bone density without consistent load-bearing exercise and optimal vitamin D levels. Geneticsprovides a more precise picture towards need for management.
Gene Marker Your Genotype
CYP19A1(3) rs2470152 GA
CYP19A1(5) rs1062033 CC
Vitamin K Need
Increased Need
Your genetics are associated with increased vitamin K2 needs forbone health, cardiovascular health, and vitamin D and calciumtransport. Vitamin D3/K2 combination enhances absorption.
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CYP19A1(6) rs700518 TT
LRP5(2) rs7176005 CC
IL6 rs1800795 GG
LRP5(3) rs3736228 CC
FAM3C rs7776725 TT
ARHGEF3 rs7646054 GG
IL-1B rs16944 GG
TNF rs1800629 GA
VDR taq rs731236 AA
VDR fok rs2228570 .
VDR bsm rs1544410 CC
APOe(1) rs429358 TT
APOe(2) rs7412 CC
Bone Density Support Need
Typical
Genes overall associated with normal bone density response.
Vitamin K2 supplementation and weight-bearing exercise isextremely helpful in maintaining healthy bone density.