overview of the world economy: the case of turkey, expectations and possibilities

VII. EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

June 11-13, 2015 – Bucharest, Romania

Abstract No:2001

Security Investigation for Recruitment as a Public Servant in Turkey

Mustafa AVCI

University of Anadolu, Faculty of Law, Head of Department of Administrative Law, Yunus Emre

Campus, 26470 Tepebasi, Eskisehir, TURKEY

Article 70 of the Turkish Constitution and Article 48 of the Law no. 657 on Civil Servants stipulate

that those who fulfill given requirements are entitled to work as a public servant. However, the

administration has the right to decide upon a candidate’s eligibility to work in public service

according to the reports of an investigation known as security investigation and archive research.

Security investigation and archive research are carried out in accordance with the Law no. 4045 and

the Regulation on Security Investigation and Archive Research, which provides the details on how to

implement the Law. The purpose for enacting such legislation is to evaluate the eligibility of

prospective public servants in terms of security. The State can be obliged to carry out a security

investigation for the staff to be employed in certain public institutions and organizations. However, it

is required to determine very cautiously the public servants that are subject to such an investigation in

order not to restrict or violate personal rights and freedom which are under the guarantee of the

Constitution.

The necessity for security investigation and archive research has been disputable because these

practices are highly open to subjective evaluations. It usually conflicts with law and the requirements

of the service concerned to make positive or negative judgments about candidates on the basis of

security investigation reports lacking equal and objective criteria and devised by authorities from

various levels for the case of each candidate rather than relying upon an objective institution, i.e.

Directorate General of Judicial Records.

Keywords:Security investigation, public servant, administrative law



Abstract No:2003

Translating Subtitles: The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey

Pelin Sulha

Department of Translation and Interpreting, Faculty of Letters, Dokuz Eylul University, Buca, İzmir,

Turkey

Translating subtitles is a popular form of Audio-visual Translation as there has always been an

increasing demand and interest for the stories of societies and cultures different from our own whose

otherness or foreignness is revealed through dialogues on the screen. Translating subtitles involves the

translator’s rendering of the spoken source message into the written target text of one or more lines.

The subtitled text is usually shorter and more condensed than the original one as the main worry in

translation is to provide smooth and comfortable reading for the viewers. Although every language has

its individual way of expressing the same meaning, subtitling conventions such as the exposure time

for each subtitle or the size of the subtitles apply to all, with the exception that in films there is more

space for flexibility. Subtitling as a selective process requires the use of proper language skills and

artistic ability to obtain user-friendly and effective subtitles that also introduces the colloquial

expressions, cultural references and idioms specific to the film script (Chiaro, 2009). This paper aims

to explore the possible translations of the subtitles in the film entitled The Hobbit: An Unexpected

Journey, which stands out as one of the splendid examples of the fantastic cinema genre unraveling the

protagonist’s journey into his inner self. In the formation of the target text, recurring themes and

images along with the verses embedded into the narrative that voices the worlds of the characters will

be taken into consideration.

Keywords:Translation Studies, Audio-Visual Translation, Subtitles



Abstract No: 2004

Women and Modernity: Transformations of Piety in Urban Everyday Life

Fatma Zehra Fidan, Nuran Erol Işık

University of Celal Bayar, Scientific-Art Faculty, Department of Sociology, Muradiye Kampüsü

The thesis of modernity, which continues to be universally effective, brought forward during the

period when it first emerged, about religion that it would disappear from social life has been

confuted and religion has sustained its effect increasingly in human life. Religion showing its effect in

different forms in various units of the society is one of the important factors changing and

transforming women’s experiences. From this as-pect, women’s piety has recently been one of the

leading research areas of social sciences with its varying manifestations in the world of modern soci-

ety.

The main problem of this study is to understand the background of the transformation of women’s

piety in the urban modern world. From the point of view that society and man generate each other

as a result of mutual interaction, our study is based on understanding primarily the change and

transformation in people’s minds. In this respect, our study problem has been studied with

qualitative research techniques maintained under the guidance of Hermeneutical/Comprehensive

approach which is an extension of Weberian point view.

Study results have revealed that the qualities of female religious-ness in Turkey determined in 1990’s

have changed and transformed sig-nificantly. The women of recent period defining themselves as

“religious Muslims” are social subjects who want to be more involved in modern so-vi ciety world

than ever before and in this context, putting earning money and gaining a status among their aims

and compensating from the words of religion in certain points when necessary from their point of

view in or-der to reach these aims and doing religious legitimizing when doing all these.

There are many reasons in the background of this change and transformation resulting from

economic, social and psychological situa-tions. Unpredicted conditions which women confront in

daily life have changed the religious fiction in their minds and ensured the substitution of a new

world without turning their back to the religious one.

Keywords: Women’s Piety, Sociology of Islam, Qualitative Methods, Hermeneutics, Discourse



Abstract No: 2008

Immigration as a dynamic of Social Evolution

Hasan ALPAGU

IZU Istanbul

Immigration as a dynamic of Social Evolution

The changes on the earth and changes in civilization both base on the same progress. They are slow

but steady and at the same time inevitable. The earth has developed itself to its current form in

millions of years. But this current appearance is not the final one. The earth’s evolution process is

continuing. It means that after years and years some component of Earth will take another form.

Some landscape will be covered by water, some mountains will sink underground, and continents will

move away from each other or join together and change their existing appearance.

The social order of civilization changes by exactly the same methods. It is in a continuous but slow

evolutionary process. We could not measure these changes well in time or influence them. These

changes are, much like the changes in the planet, beyond our control.

The ideal solution here would be to instruct tangible methods of social integration and cooperation,

thus we could get through this phase of evolution with minimal problems and less clash and less

damage to between different features of societies.

The objective of this article is, instead of ignoring or complaining about the problems of societies, to

invite everyone, particularly young researchers, to get engaged and to get involved in these

challenges and pay more attention to common solutions. The crises of societies are consequences of

confrontations from their evolution processes. Therefore this kind of troubles in societies should be

studied and definite in time. If we do not recognize social problems in time, they can then spread out

and bring huge conflicts and confrontations. When social issues become a part of chronic conflicts,

many evil and cunning groups exploit this situation and introduce their diabolical and murky ideas in

political or religious ways as solutions to all problems. In the evolution process of societies, there are

many kinds of such intolerable confrontations. In history, there were many nations and their cultures

have ceased to exist. Many nations have been transplanted to another part of the earth. This has

mostly happened by way of mass immigrations, war, mass destruction, genocide and in form other

kinds of inhumane tragedies. At present there are many such danger zones, which threaten to repeat

the same tragedies. Some nations are still fighting to prove their thousand years existence and to

free themselves from persistent suppressions.

It is a challenge for humanity in the future continue its evolution process peacefully and find

solutions which are adequate for all habitants of Earth. The aim of this study is to contribute some

concrete and innovative ideas to the society’s evolution progress. The main objective of this project

is to create a bridge between the past and future of different societies and their cultures, and

thereby reduce prejudice. This project is built on the following points:

• To consider cross-border mobility of economic, cultural and historical happenings from a long-term

historical perspective.

• To provide information for the reconciliation of societies to each other and for cultural peace.

• To provide new impulsion and new ideas for the development of various civil societies.

• To consider the cultural conflicts and social evolution of societies from a humanistic perspective.

• To deal with cultural diversity in the context of inevitable social change, and the formation of

mutual understanding to discuss together.

• Humanitarian issues such as: peace, integration, immigration and peacefully living together.

• Long-term perspectives for changes and to promotion of peaceful change in society.

Keywords: Migration, Social Evolution



Abstract No: 2012

ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE and CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT IN TURKISH BANKING SYSTEM

Ali Rıza Gökbunar, Selim Duramaz

Celal Bayar Universitesi Uygulamalı Bilimler Yüksekokulu Muradiye Kampus Manisa

With globalization, value of accessing right information is increased. Thus, knowledge management

and risk management concepts have emerged and used frequently. As a result of using information

as a tool for economic purposes, economic intelligence formed. Today, economic problems are

regarded as the greatest danger after security. Therefore, states and institutions which have

economic knowledge will be effective in every aspects.

The concept of economic intelligence is used in various meanings in today. Countries get intelligence

to guard theirselves against other countries and to raise publics welfare. And institutions provide

intelligence get to learn economic information about sector where they are active. Purpose in

economic intelligence is collect knowledges and make evaluations to protect the economic profits.

Economic intelligence is very important in banking sector. In this study, acticities of Kredi Kayıt

Bürosu (KKB) which collect economic knowledges in Turkish banking sector are investigated. From

1995 now on, KKB shares the knowledge and documents about peoples economic situation with

banks. And banks use these information in the process of credit marketing. In this study we explain

these processes. Moreover, we analysised the distribution of credits and bad loan credits in Turkish

banking sector. And we introduced the factors which cause bad loan credits and introduced the

importance of credit risk assessment system.

Keywords: Economic intelligence, bad loan, Kredi Kayıt Bürosu.

VII. EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCESJune 11-13, 2015 – Bucharest, Romania

Abstract No: 2013

Prestige of an Online Newspaper: Decision of Future JournalistsYildiray Kesgin, Ahmet Faruk Cecen

Istanbul University,Communication Faculity

Through new media technologies, news can be explained as instant information suitable for almost everyone, anytime and in anywhere. Considering how much information has been produced on a daily basis in the media, concepts such as persuasiveness and suspicion come to the mind.Through these concepts, we found it necessary to examine a blog-based internet newspaper, blog.radikal.com.tr, which is among the initial news site in Turkey in order to exemplify speed and trustworthiness which are essential elements of journalism. This study's aim is to measure the changes of willingness to work of the students of Communication Faculty of Istanbul University's News Agency. Study is examining the potential loss of prestige of above mentioned news sites in the eyes of students. In the survey study conducted on 40 news agency students. Then a focus group is held by the students who want to work in an online newspaper to measure prestige of their future work area. In the online Turkish newspapers, in order of click rate* hurriyet.com.tr, milliyet.com.tr, sozcu.com.tr, sabah.com.tr, stargazete.com.tr, radikal.com.tr and t24.com.tr will be examined which reported news named ‘Yaşlıların grup seks partisi drama dönüştü: 7 ölü’, 'Old People's Group Sex Party Went Wrong: 7 Dead'. The news is published by the user name ‘Cem Akbalik’. News was sourced nordpresse.be, forum.aufemini.com & www.seneweb.com. Later news was removed by its Turkish origin blog.radikal.com.tr.

Keywords: Blogs, Prestige, Reliability, Online Newspapers


Abstract No: 2015

Global Financial Crisis and Fiscal Policy: A Study on the South-East European Countries

Servet Akyol, Süleyman UlutürkAkdeniz Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Maliye Bölümü

Global financial crisis that emerged in 2008, deeply affected many countries including the developed countries first. Financial crisis denoted its effects as an important decline of the growth rate and increase of unemployment rates in the EU countries in 2009. South-East European countries called as transition economies are also effected by global financial crisis.

Until today different policies have been put on the agenda in order to eliminate or alleviate the impacts of the crisis. In this context, bailout and stimulus packages were firstly implemented. Stimulus packages were replaced by austerity policies because of the increasing public debt and budget deficit after 2010. Fiscal policy focused on reducing the debts instead of supporting the economic activities. These changes in fiscal policies have been significantly affected both macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, public debts, public expenditure and social issues such as unemployment, poverty and income distribution.

The objective of this paper is to study the evulation of the post-crisis fiscal policies in the context of the South-East European countries and their effects on economic and social results. In this study, South-East European countries as Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro and Serbia were selected.

Keywords: Global Financial Crisis, Fiscal Policy, Fiscal Austerity, EEC


Abstract No: 2016

Social Responsibility in ArtSibel Talas

The Fine Arts off High School of Kocaeli Turkey y

Abstract:Aesthetic criticism emerging in social events proves not only that art is intertwined with life and life is so real but also that art is not an outstanding structure in the monopoly of pure artist.the shaping of art through the social events is not new. Especially in times of revolution and rebellion, art is one of the methods employed that people express themselves and create awareness. These studies that host intelligence and creativity reflect sometimes as slogans, mural paintings and applications on their body.

In this context, art begins to gain a more collective and also an extraordinary language. Through this language, not only did the borders removed, but also the realities of life began reshaping through art. Aesthetic actions which activists, along with artists and designers, produced during street resistance have been instrumental in re-guestioning the art, edited by means of society and capital, together with the power relations.

With this statement by looking through examples of today's social aesthetic action, modeling of collective art with society applied against and despite government is evaluated and establishing the relationship between contemporary arts of today and collective arts is designed.

Keywords: Collective and Aesthetic Actions, Ability, Capital, Contemporary art.


Abstract No: 2017

The Voıce of The Angry Streets: Thırd CınemaOzlem Arda

Istanbul University, Faculty of Communication, Istanbul, Turkey

In this study on Third Cinema, films are discussed that produced recently with the third cinema understanding. The Third Cinema deals with the social realities and fulfills a social function. It is the most important function of the Third Cinema is that describing the problems in the social life and transferring with the visual language and thus so social problems and responsibles are known by this function. The Third Cinema Manifest defines a framework for films that are produced in present although these films mean the revision of the manifest. These films contain the original comments with the basic understanding of Third Cinema. Also the films are the public speaker and witness for the society under the street theme analyzed with Mike Wayne’s four categories. It ıs emphasized that the films are compatible with the Third Cinema understanding. The aim of this study to describe which has the understanding of the Third Cinema can be differ from each other as the form and content.

Keywords: Third cinema, Revision, Social Reality


Abstract No:2020

Free zones and place in foreign trade of TurkeyNurdan KUSAT,Nurdan KUSAT

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Eğirdir Meslek Yüksekokulu, Eğirdir/ISPARTA-TURKEY

Free Zone phenomenon had been come into question in liberal foreign trade understanding. Free Zones give competition power to domestic operations in global market without foreign trade restrictions. It is seen as a trade policy tool which has power to create positive impacts on liberal foreign trade. Free Zones can be observed since Second World War in developed countries and since 1960 in developing countries extensively. In Turkey, Free Zones took place after outward-oriented economic policies and export-led growth concept as a result of 24 January 1980 Decisions. In 15.06.1985, it became formal in Turkish foreign trade with Free Zones Law Number 3218. According to this law, trade between Free Zones and other places in Turkey is subject to the foreign trade regime. In addition to this, foreign trade regime is not valid between Free Zones and other countries, and other Free Zones.In this study, development of Free Zones in worldwide had been examined in liberal trade approach shortly. After that, Free Zones’ position in Turkey’s foreign trade had been demonstrated both theoretical and numerical datum. According to these datum Free Zones trade rate in Turkey’ foreign trade is decreasing year by year. It is remarkable that Turkey can’t take advantage of Free Zones when it fight with foreign trade deficit beside Free Zone applications had a power to increase foreign trade even in middle age.

Keywords:Free Zone, Foreign Trade, Turkey


Abstract No:2021

Witness Statement as an Evidence In Turkish Criminal ProcedureHakan Karakehya

Anadolu Univ. Hukuk Fakultesi, Eskisehir/Turkiye

In criminal procedure, criminal events which in the past occurred can be determined only by the evidences which representing and portraying the criminal event in front of the court. Witness statement is one of the most important evidences which used for lighting the criminal incident in the criminal procedure. Indeed many of criminal events are solved thanks to witness who having knowledge through five sense about the criminal events. In this study, witness statement, which has great importance for proof because of the reasons we have explained will be examined. Revealing our thoughts in the cause-result relationship by utilizing the different views in the criminal procedure law doctrine constitutes basic method using in this study.

Keywords:Criminal procedure law, Witness, Evidences, Witness statement


Abstract No:2022

The Relationship between Trust Climate and Ethical Climate in Public Institutions: The Case of Konya

Yasin Taspinar,Ali SahinDepartment of Public Administration, F.E.A.S., Selcuk University, Konya,

Turkey

Trust climate, which is regarded as an important factor affecting employees' organizational commitment and eagerness to work, and ethical climate, which is considered to be effective on this factor, are the main issues of our work. Not only in social relations, but also in working life, trust is of great importance. Being a social environment and workspace, public institutions are fields, where trust climate is required. Trust in the leader, workmates and the organizations are known to be effective on trust climate. On the other hand, the issue is about public institutions, trust in government is thought to have an effect on the trust climate perception of the public employees.Ethical climate is shaped through the perception about to what extent ethical principles and standards are complied within a certain environment. Ethical principles and standards are more of an issue at the point of organisational identity formation. When it comes to public institutions, this situation indicates the level of protecting the rights and striving for the general right and common good of public employees and citizens as well. Individual factors, as well as experiences, are effective on the perception of ethical climate. Ethical positions of individuals are important factors to determine their ethical expectations and therefore ethical perceptions. Individuals, whose ethical positions are idealistic or relativistic, should be expected to perceive the ethical climate of the environment distinctively.The main aim of this study is to test the relationship between public employees' trust climate and ethical climate perceptions. It will be also tried to put forward the effect of the factors, which determine trust climate and ethical climate perception, over trust climate and ethical climate. A field study will be conducted over the public institutions operating in Konya. The data collected through the questionnaire will be analyzed using SPSS software and some observations will be made through the findings obtained. The evaluations in the scope of the study are expected to shed light over the positions of public institutions in terms of trust and ethics.

Keywords:Trust Climate, Ethical Climate, Public Institutions, Relationship between Trust Climate and Ethical Climate.


Abstract No:2023

360 Degree Performance Appraisal in Public Institutions: The Case of Antalya ILBANK

Ali ŞAHİN,İbrahim Uğur Erkış,Yasin TaspinarDepartment of Public Administration, F.E.A.S., Selcuk University, Konya,

Turkey

The fast development in both administrative approach and technology in recent years has caused all institutional structures to be in a change. Public institutions and agencies, which had their share of that change and development, have come to the requirement of making the services, which they provide for the citizens, fast, effective, efficient and transparent. Therefore, operations of the public administration and performance of the public employees, who fulfil the activities, should be objectively measured, evaluated and sustainably conducted.However efforts to evaluate the performance of employees in Turkish public administration have accelerated especially in the last 10 years, an outlined specific technique or method has not been uncovered yet. 360 degree performance appraisal technique puts the individual's performance forward in a comparative manner by collecting data from multiple sources and different dimensions to evaluate the individual performance. The technique has revealed successful results in the private and public sectors, particularly in developed countries.Implementation of the technique in public institutions is expected to provide contributions to the individuals, units and institutions. That is because; public institutions, which are affected by the no-liberal policies, need sustainable successes as well. For those successes to be sustainable; it is needed to measure the performance of employees, administrators and institutions, in an objective manner and at certain intervals.In this study, performance of the personnel in manager position working in the case of Antalya ILBANK will be evaluated using 360 degree performance appraisal. In the study it will tried to put forward the viewpoints of the employee by analysing the perceptions of the employees towards performance appraisal. SPSS software will be used for the analyses of the study. The data and findings of the study are expected to shed light on the performance of middle levelled manager personnel on different issues, and provide assistance in determining the issues to be developed.

Keywords:360 Degree Performance Appraisal, Performance Indicators, Employee Perception, Case of Antalya ILBANK.


Abstract No:2025

PROTECTION SYSTEM OF WOMEN’S HUMAN RIGHTS IN TURKEYSelda Çağlar

Trakya Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Balkan Yerleşkesi/EDİRNE

Male-dominated and sexist life culture is still influential in our day and causes so many practices to be continued in several areas of the world, which put the women in the background or ignore the women with respect to human rights. Women, therefore, are evaluated as one of the disadvantageous social groups that need to be protected dedicatedly in terms of human rights. So long as sexual-based discrimination against women is not prevented and eliminated, a sense of equity depending not on uniformity but on diverseness is developed and generalized, it would not be possible for women to use their human rights in a manner same with the other rights and efficiently. Declarations and agreements containing some principles and standards have been accepted in consequence of legal struggles carried out by international human rights organizations and institutions and also complaint mechanisms functioning on international basis have been established.In Turkey, there negative social perception and attitudes appearing against “femininity” fact and human rights of woman and especially her right to live are violated and women are damaged by social gender inequality. Apart from the changes made to Constitution in the years 2004 and 2010, although equitable and protective legal regulations and reforms have served to the establishment of positive perception and attitudes in social categories especially in governmental bodies, problems arising both from the legal regulations themselves and their implementation remain.

Keywords:Women’s human rights, Protection system, Sexual-based discrimination


Abstract No:2029

Defining students learning type by Vark Analysis: Case from Yalova university Turkey

Cemal Elitaş,Cengiz MENGENCİ,Aytuğ SÖZÜER,Yasin Galip GENÇERYalova Üniversitesi, Mehmet Durmam Cad. İ.İ.B.F., Merkez Yalova

Learning model can be defined that it is the way student focus on process, absorb information, remember difficult and new information. And also this is no doubt that learning model might be differentiated by student’s culture, background and environment. Researchers try to figure out how affective it could be to consider students learning model while they plan the lesson curriculum. Research result showed that if planners consider students learning model and plan everything according to student’s learning model. Students can learn everthing more affectively. Researchers defined three different learning model as visual, aural and kinesthetic. Visual learning model is that students can learn information more affectively when they see pictures and drawings related to the subject. Aural learning model is defined like that students can easily absorb information when they hear, discuss or listen the information related to the subject. Lastly, Kinesthetic learnin model is that students can learn information when they touch the object, change the object shape and experience that object. For a long time, learning model has been neglected by Turkish Education System. This negligence resulted that some of the students had been accepted as unsuccessfull before they realized how pleasurable to learn something and quit to go to the school. By this Project, All lecturers and curriculum planners attention is wanted to drag the importance of neglected learning model. In this Project, International Trade and Finance’s students will answer some questions in VARK Analysis survey to define their learning model. Then, according to the analysis result, lesson curriculum will be enriched with different materials related to students learning model. At the end, Students success level will be analysed to understand whether learning model is beneficial for students.

Keywords:VARK Analysis, Aural, Kinesthetic, Visual


Abstract No:2031

THE CRITERIA IN THE CRIMINAL PROCEEDING WITHIN IN A RESONABLE TIMEMURAT ARABACI,Hakan Karakehya,Murat ARABACI,

Faculty of Law, University of Anadolu, Eskisehir, Turkey

The defendant's trial within a reasonable time, one of the most important need of the right to a fair trial. Indeed, as stated in the legal literature often, "justice delayed is not justice." These rights were secured by European Convention on Human Rights Article 6 and the United Nations International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Article 14. Turkey is one of the member of these foundations. It is also emphasized clearly stated in Article 10 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In contrast, violations that occurred for trial within a reasonable time, Turkey is an important part of the conviction before the European Court of Human Rights. Therefore, accelerated and legal persons of the case against the judgment within a reasonable time to ensure the judgment is needed to achieve the measures put forward. In this context, this study will describe the importance of the first trial in a reasonable time, and will set out the content of the concept of reasonable time. Then the criteria to be taken into account in determining reasonable time are to be determined in accordance with the jurisprudence of the Court and will be described. What kind of measures to accelerate the proceedings to further fulfillment of the requirements of the right to be tried within a reasonable time taken during the study will be discussed

Keywords:resonable time, fair trial, criminal proceeding, ECHR


Abstract No:2032

10 Mother and 10 Stories: A Phenomenological Study on the Mothers with Disabled Children

Erdem Oklay,Aysegul Cetin,,Department of Educational Sciences, Eskisehir Osmangazi University,

Eskisehir, Turkey

Having a disabled children leads to significant changes in families social, economic and psychological life. Although the difficulties experienced by disabled people and their families be the subject of many quantitative research, practice shows that the current difficulties are continuing. The aim of this study is; by examining the experiences of mothers with disabled children with a phenomenological approach, to query especially sociologically, psychologically and pedagogically the meaning of having a disabled children . For this purpose interviews were conducted with 10 mothers who living in a town center in the Central Anatolia and having a disabled children. On the next stage of the study, interview records will be discussed in the relevant literature by subjecting to descriptive analysis and content analysis. The study aims to allowing for an in-depth analysis on the issue edited by a qualitative research design.

Keywords:Disabled People, Mothers of Disabled People, Phenomenology, Turkey


Abstract No:2035

“Village” Neighborhoods in the New Metropolitan Regulation and Their AdministrationMahmut Guler

Public Administration Trakya University Edirne Turkey

“Village” Neighborhoods in the New Metropolitan Regulation and Their Administration Mahmut Güler Neighborhood, according to the Turkey Language Association, and by also associating with the concept of neighborhood unit, is defined as a small settlement unit which is located in a limited area, where mostly fact-to-face and personal relations are prevalent, where the residents can make use of common urban facilities within walking distance without difficulty, such as the primary school, playground, grocery. In terms of the Turkish administration structure in turn, neighborhoods are small administrative units which are located in the settled areas inside municipalities' borders and which provides certain services related to the citizens living inside there specific limits. In this administration services are provided by a person called a mukhtar (headman) and who is elected by the residents of the neighborhood and the board of aldermen (council) presided by him/her. For this reason the organization is also called a neighborhood mukhtarate (Aytaç, 1995, 29). With the Law On The Formation Of Neighborhood Mukhtar And Boards Of Aldermen In Cities And Towns number 4541 which entered into effect in 1944 and the bylaw issued following that, neighborhood mukhtarates have been regulated. Their formation and removal, on the other hand, is done according to the above mentioned act number 4541 and the Municipalities Act number 5393.Village, as compared to the neighborhood on the other hand, is organized according to the Village Act number 442 and has been defined in the form: people having common property such as the mosque, school, pasturage, summer pastures, marshland and who live in collective or dispersed homes comprise a village together with their orchards, gardens and fields. In the subsequent articles of the law, a village is specified as an independent entity having property which can or cannot be taken from place to place and which performs the tasks given to it. Article 127 of the 1982 Constitution has defined the village as a constitutional establishment by defining it as “local administrations; public legal persons whose principles of formation are indicated by the electorate shown in the law in order to meet the joint needs of the city, municipality or village people and which are elected and formed by the electorate”. In this context village administrations also

benefit from a broad autonomy with this aspect arising from the constitution. For the mukhtar, who is the chieftain of the village in this aspect –as different from a neighbor mukhtar- a broad area of administrative autonomy is created.The aspect of neighborhood mukhtarate which is similar to the village mukhtarate is that there is a mukhtar and a board of alderman is found at its head. A large part of the duties of neighborhood mukhtars consists of general administrative matters such as population, health-care, military service and security. In this respect neighborhood mukhtarate is in the position of an extension of the general administrative within the municipality borders. Act number 442, has defined village mukhtars as the chieftain of the village and it has been determined as the right of the mukhtar to have a say in village affairs, to give orders and to impose his/her orders. Doing and causing the works for the villager done within the borders of the village is the duty of the mukhtar and the board of aldermen over which he/she presides. It is again possible to find in the law the aspect on which village mukhtars are distinguished from neighborhood mukhtars. The law separates the duty of the village mukhtar in two: the first is state affairs, and the second in village affairs. The second type of duty, as different from neighbor mukhtars, makes the village administration a regional administration organization in the real sense. In a simple description, village administrations have their own revenues and rights and relying on this they perform the services by benefitting from certain autonomy.With the “Act on the Establishment of Metropolitan Municipalities in Thirteen Cities and Twenty-six Districts and Making Changes in Some Acts and Statutory Decrees” number 6360 entered into force in 2012 and the “Act on Making Changes in the Act on the Establishment of Metropolitan Municipalities in Thirteen Cities and Twenty-six Districts and Making Changes in Some Acts and Statutory Decrees” enacted in 2013, changes have been brought in the city administration in the general sense, in the local administration system in a narrow sense, and significant in quantitative and qualitative terms relating to the villages.In the context of our subject, with the new regulation 16,095 villages in Turkey have now been converted into neighborhoods according to act number 6360. Thus, the above mentioned rights and powers of these 16,095 villages which fall within municipality borders have been eliminated. Furthermore, when this regulation was being made, it has been made without asking the public, without taking their consent in violation of the European Load Administrations Autonomy Provisions. Today, these settlements which are still villages in sociological terms, however, which are in a status of a neighborhood of a city in terms of administration and legal regulation, have very important structural problems and there is also no probability that these problems can be solved in the short or medium terms.In this study the status of village administration and neighborhood administration shall be evaluated by comparison from the viewpoint of the mukhtars over the survey work conducted with the village mukhtars before converting to the metropolitan status over the results of the survey studies conducted in 2014 and planned to be conducted in 2015 (TRAKYA UNIVERSITY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROJECT titled ANALYSIS OF METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY-DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY RELATIONSHIPS IN TERMS OF SERVICE OFFERING AND LOCAL AUTONOMY IN THE EXAMPLE OF TEKİRDAĞ METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY) in the city of Tekirdag which has been converted to a metropolis within the scope of act number 6360 and the neighborhood mukhtars after converting to the

metropolitan status. Another contribution, on the other hand, the subject shall be discussed over the findings of the dissertation of Erkan Sait Çakır in 2011 entitled “Neighborhood Administration in Turkey: The Tekirdag Example”.Source Indicated in the Paper AbstractAytaç, Fethi, Handbook of Neighborhood Mukhtars, Seçkin Yayınevi, Ankara, p.29.

Keywords:Metropolitan Area, Village, Local Administration, Minucipality


Abstract No:2036

The Legal Basis of Institutional Organization of Care Services in Turkey

Nuray Gökçek Karaca,Nuray Gökçek Karaca,Yunus Serhat Çayır,Department of Social Work, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey

Improvements in life standards and the extension of the average life expectancy depending on this development has led to the emergence of many problems about elderliness. Undoubtedly, primary problem is elderliness-based chronic diseases. As these mentioned chronic diseases have raised the importance of care services, the increase in the number of disabled people makes it essential for care services as well. Due to the economic, social and cultural reasons disabled and elder people’s long-term care is generally provided at home by the family members and the care is considered as the main duty of the family. However, along with the change of family structure and women’s participation in working life, family care has begun to be insufficient and institutional care has begun to integrate for implementation of these services. Moreover, such reasons as multiple care requirements and cared individuals preference to stay at home for their life quality, care experts servicing in exchange of a specific charge in specific fields has begun as a requirement as well as institutional care services. This requirement has revealed the necessity of legal regulations about home care in addition to the legal arrangements that initially based on institutional care.This study aims to clarify legal regulations, which present an extremely complicated form, in terms of both institutional care and home care. For this purpose, firstly, legal basis of both institutional care and home care were made subject to review, and then care giver organizations have been introduced with regards to those who benefit from care in the framework of legal regulations with categorical approach.

Keywords:Care, Elderly, Handicaped person, Care services, Care and law

VII. EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES June 11-13, 2015 – Bucharest, Romania

Abstract No:2038

The New Face of American Foreign Aid? Chad DeWaard, Chris Budzisz

Culver-Stockton College, Canton, MO USA

Foreign aid remains an important, if controversial, instrument of Western foreign policy. Official Development Assistance (ODA) naturally serves a number of donor and recipient interests. Nevertheless, as ODA enters its sixth decade, questions persist regarding its overall utility. In part a response to domestic "aid fatigue," the US implemented the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA). The MCA intends to introduce a greater degree of accountability among the selected aid recipients. The MCA is premised on donor expectations of recipient economic and political progress. The MCA has encountered many challenges at home and abroad since its inception. Criticized for its political implications and hamstrung by fiscal constraints, the full potential of MCA remains unrealized. Yet the logic of the MCA is compelling and the program suggests a paradigm shift in responsible aid transfers. While imperfect, the MCA offers instructive lessons regarding the domestic politics of aid and international perceptions of American assistance. Moreover, the MCA’s potential impact on American soft power is deserving of consideration. Keywords: Foreign aid, MCA


Abstract No:2041

Status and Problems of Sociology ın Its Centennial Anniversery in Turkey

Aytul KasapogluAnkara University, Faculty of Letters, Department of Sociology

STATUS AND PROBLEMS OF SOCOLOGY IN ITS CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSERY IN TURKEY

AbstractSociology education in Turkey started 100 years ago in 1914 at Istanbul University during Ottoman Empire before foundation of Republic of Turkey. Therefore its centennial anniversary was celebrated in 2014. The first lectures given by Ziya Gokalp who is one of the young Turkish intellectuals interested in sociology of Durkheim. As a matter of fact Durkheim, the founder of sociology was trying to find solutions for problems of industrial societies by developing concepts such as “solidarity” to prevent “anomie”. At that time Ottoman Empire was neither industrial nor modern society but Ziya Gökalp as being a young political intellectual assed Durkheim’ s views as appropriated to save the empire from collapsing. Because Durkheim’s sociology were holistic rather than particularistic. In other words the basis of his theory was “communitarian” rather than “individualistic” and applicable to build solidarity instead of conflict. All these background information show that sociology starting from its early foundation days has identity problems which are still continuing. Thus no body hardly knows what sociology is and what sociologists do in Turkey. Although main research is more comprehensive and detailed the aim of this paper is limited to examine problems and status of sociology in Turkey based on the views of academic sociologists. In this study empirical phenomenological tradition is applied by carrying out deep interviews with 25 faculty members from different universities located in Ankara, Turkey. Findings revealed that the status of sociology in Turkey is below the expected level and both the status of sociology and its education at universities are interactively affect each other negatively. The risk for unemployment of sociologists along with identity problems require more attention to see sociology as a profession as well as a scientific discipline limited only in academic studies.Key words: Sociology, education, identity, phenomenology, Turkey.

Keywords:sociology,education,identity, phenomenology, Turkey


Abstract No:2043

ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES IN THE PERCEPTION IN SOCIETY REGARDING SCIENCE AND SCIENTIST

Neriman ARAL,Ece Özdoğan ÖzbalAnkara Universitesi Saglık Bilimleri Fakültesi Çocuk Gelişimi Bölümü Şükrüye

Mah. Plevne Cad. Aktaş Kavşağı No:5 PK: 06340 Altındağ / ANKARA/TURKEY

Science can be expressed as an endeavor of observing what happens in the world and conceive and explain the meaning of events pertaining to the world. By means of science, human beings may arrive to solutions of a number of problems that they encounter during their daily lives. More systematic advancement in science is realized via such institutions as universities. One of the main goals of the universities, along with science production, is to ensure that science is disseminated in the society and to raise scientists. In case science is taken into consideration in the light of the foregoing perspective, the fact that science is not produced for the society, is distant from the society, and that scientist are perceived to have unattainable skills, may adversely affect the perception of people in the society with regard to science and the scientists. Science cannot be considered separate from the human beings due to the fact that science itself is produced by the human beings. It is especially important to form perception towards science at early ages for raising future scientists. The present study was jointly performed by Ankara University and Ankara Metropolitan Municipality in 2013 and 2014, and sponsored in the scope of Marie Curie Action of European Commission Seventh Framework Program in 2013 and of Marie Curie Action of European Commission Horizon 2020 Program in 2014. The Project aimed to show the society that the scientists were human beings as they were, and that science was a part of their lives. For the purpose thereof “Researchers’ Night” was organized in the scope of “European Science and Entertainment Day” at Ankara University Tandoğan Campus in Ankara city center, on September 27th, 2013 and September 26th, 2014 between 2.00 p.m. and 2.00 a.m. In the scope of the activity a total of 282 scientific activities were held with approximately 141 interactive scientific activities of different disciplines each year. Open to all parts of the society and all age groups, the activities included a number of experiments, workshop activities, science fair activity, seminars, conferences, meetings, sports activities, and exhibitions. The opinions of children, youth, and adults were received before and after the activity in order to ascertain the perception regarding science and scientist in different parts of the society. The “European Science and Entertainment Day” survey was used in determining the perception of children, youth, and adults

regarding science and scientist on a voluntary basis. Assessment of the data obtained thereby suggested that the activity created a positive change in the perception of children, youth, and adults regarding scientist and science and contributed in integration of university and society.

Keywords: Science, Scientist, Science in Society, University, Researchers’ Night


Abstract No:2045

THE IMPACT OF ELECTION SONGS ON VOTERS' VOTING BEHAVIOURSİlbey Dölek

Erciyes Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kayseri

Means of mass media communication increase their impact on people day by day. Electoral periods witness remarkably vigorous campaigns, particularly in political communities. Political parties are known to resort to various methods to influence voters and propaganda has always been a universal part of political science. Music has an undeniable impact on mankind. Music and musical instruments may be used to inform, train and teach people. In this respect, political parties are always interested in music. They benefit from music as a means of propaganda during electoral campaigns. Do these musical works, known mostly as election songs and played both on the streets and gatherings of political parties, really influence voters? Based on this question, this study focuses on the impact of election songs on voters through various qualitative and quantitative techniques. Our population consists of citizens who are at the age of 18 and entitled to vote. 181 voters residing in Dulkadiroğlu and Onikişubat Districts of Kahramanmaraş province comprised our sample group. In addition, numerous participants were interviewed in order to contribute to survey data. A list consisting of various election songs which have been imprinted on society's mind was prepared. Mostly Officials from three most voted political parties in the last general and local elections were interviewed regarding the impact of and the ways in which elections songs are used. The results suggest that political parties highly tend to benefit from election songs as a language of communication in order to influence voters in any election campaign. It was observed that election songs enable political parties to increase excitement, motivation and interest during their election campaign. Participants think that election songs help political parties increase crowds in their gatherings and add that the same songs cannot create the same effect when it comes to voting. This indicates that elections songs trigger voters' excitement rather than directly affecting their voting behaviours. Additionally, participants think that political parties' buses playing election songs loudly cause noise pollution.

Keywords:Election, Election Song, Voting, Voters, Political Sociology, Propaganda


Abstract No:2046

Urban Children and Child Friendly CitiesH.Burcin Henden Solt,H.Burcin Henden Solt

Bulent Ecevit University Alaplı Vocational School, Alaplı-Zonguldak, Turkey

The process of industrialization and increased migration to the cities has led to an increase in the number of children living in urban areas.

According to the United Nations definition; the child is under the age of 18 people. Worldwide, most children are affected by socioeconomic problems. Some children can not meet the basic requirements, there are barriers to their ability to grow in a healthy individual. Therefore, each country is implementing conservation programs for children with various laws and regulations. In Turkey, regulations for the protection of children began with the Geneva Declaration of Rights of the Child (1924) and after World War II, United Nations (UN) has sustained the leadership. Some provisions of the 1982 Constitution carries provisions for the protection of the family and child.In 2005, entry into force of the 5395 Law on Child Protection is an important development.

Child Friendly Cities initiative has begun at the UN Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II-1996). Aim is to make cities livable places for everyone. The child-friendly city defined as a city emphasis on children's rights. This initiative is the implementation of the Children's Rights Convention of local governance environment.

The purpose of this study is to make literature review on child-friendly cities initiative. investment in children is an important factor in the persistence of society. Child-friendly cities, not just children, contribute to society in general. This implementation affects the development of local governance system. Child-friendly cities, is one of the key investment in the future.

Keywords:City, Local Government, Governance, Child-friendly City


Abstract No:2047

The Analysis of Children News in Three Different Newspapers Published In Turkey

Ezgi Findik Tanribuyurdu,Ezgi Findik Tanribuyurdu,Neriman Aral,Child Development Department, Ankara University Health Sciences Faculty,

Ankara, Turkey

This study aims to describe descriptive characteristics of children news in three newspapers that have different discourse from each other and online news archives which was published between January 15 to February 15 2014. In a pilot study conducted children news about a certain topic were analyzed and three newspapers that had different discourses from each other were determined. The published news in three newspapers between these dates were scanned and children news were selected and analyzed. News were recorded to the input data files prepared by the researchers and descriptive analysis, which is a type of qualitative data analysis, was performed to demonstrate the descriptive features about the news. As a result, each of three newspapers have few news related to children, most often, reports are deaths and injuries of children and drifting to crimes. The causes of death incidents in news are mostly traffic accidents, negligence and intoxication; and the causes of physical injury incidents in news are usually traffic accidents. Additionally in news most of the children's identities are shared but not their photos. The reported news are mostly related to the events about children who are victims, every age group of children was reported in the news but the most common group was adolescents. According to the research results, it’s suggested that in Turkey the ethical rules can be defined within the context of child rights for making news about children; and the legal arrangements can be made the media institutions to obey the ethical rules.

Keywords:Child development, children news, descriptive analysis


Abstract No:2048

SPACE AND SEGREGATION IN POSTCOLONIAL CONTEXT IN JEAN RHYS’ WIDE SARGASSO SEA

Ayla OğuzGaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Science & Letters Department of Western

Languages and Literatures 60000 Tokat/Turkey

SPACE AND SEGREGATION IN POSTCOLONIAL CONTEXT IN JEAN RHYS’ WIDE SARGASSO SEARepresentations of space in the social sciences have a close relationship with the images of rupture, and intrusion. Postcolonial situation leads the relationship to a problematic sphere between space and culture. When the same culture, community, or place are experienced by people from different origins, identity can be perceived as a contested notion. Micheal Foucault says that “the present epoch will perhaps be above all else the epoch of space”. Due to this utter, it is possible to claim that space becomes an important context while considering issues like power, culture and identity. Unfortunately, man’s identity and his relation to space and culture are problematic within the colonial encounter, and racial segregation deflates the value of individual whether he or she is poor or reach. In Wide Sargasso Sea Jean Rhys tells Antoinette’s story, a white daughter of ex-slave owners in early nineteenth- century Jamaica. Her husband is offered £30,000 in order to marry Antoinette. But the space disturbs him. He feels overhelmingly restless and uneasy in this wild, exotic and racialised place whenever he compares Jamaica with England.. Thus, Jean Rhys emphasizes the importance of space with a touch on individual, social and cultural differences as a concern of western feminisms, and tries to show us the cultural segregation and its effects mainly on female identities and later on male identities and the results of colonialism in a racialised space in a postcolonial context.

Keywords:Jean Rhys, space, culture, female, identity, segregation, postcolonial,


Abstract No:2050

Status of Women from Turkish Penal Code Nr. 765 to Turkish Penal Code Nr. 5237

Hamide Zafer,,,Marmara Üni.Hukuk Fak. Ceza ve Ceza Usul Hukuku Anabilim Dalı Üsküdar-

Haydarpaşa/İstanbul

Roles and attributes of women designated by society may find correspondence in penal codes. In other words, reflections of social gender can be seen in penal codes. In this study, characteristics of sexual crimes against women, exceptional provisions applied in case of crimes against women and the reformation of these provisions are examined. Besides, our penal codes’ approach to the “honor/chastity” notions, honor killings and child bride issues are addressed.

Keywords:Status of Women, Turkish Penal Code, Sexual crimes, Honor/Chastity


Abstract No:2052

HUMAN PSYCHOLOGY FROM RELIGIOUS ASPECTHayati AYDIN

Yüzüncü Yıl University Theology Faculty VAN / TURKEY

In fact the issues concerningpsychology and the nature of soul are the concerns of theologians rather thanpsychologists. In this field, the theologians seem to be more competent thanpsychologists one. Bertrand Russell expresses this fact as follows:

“According to its derivation,“psychology” should mean “the theory of the soul,” but the soul, thoughfamiliar to theologians, can hardly be regarded as a scientific concept. Nopsychologist would say that the subject-matter of his study is soul, but whenasked to say what it is, he would not find it easy to give an answer.” [1]

The “soul” is one of the concerns of the theologians during the historical process. When first appeared in Greek thought, the word ‘soul’ had a religious implication. [2] Priests were physicians of soul in the Egyptian culture in same parallel.[3]

Even today Modern Psychology could not get any progress in concerning the field of man’s soul dimension. In fact modern psychology functions within the context of explaining man by rules of behaviour but man cannot be explained through rules. It is understood that Modern psychology cannot recognize the soul deeply and discover the boundaries of it by her / its methods. Erich Fromm expresses this factas follows:

“Academic psychology, trying to imitate the natural sciences and laboratory methods of weighing and counting, dealt with everything except the soul. It tried to understand those aspects of man which can be examined in the laboratory and claimed that conscience, value judgements, the knowledge of good and evil are metaphysical concepts, outside the problem of psychology; it was more often concerned with insignificant problems which fitted an alleged scientific method than with devising new methods to study the significant problems of man. Psychology thus became a science lacking its

main subject matter, the soul; it was concerned with mechanisms, reaction formations, instincts, but not with the most specificallyhuman phenomena; love, reason, conscience, value”.[4]

Rollo May ironically touches on Psychological deficiency in making a link between Ivan Pavlow’s conditioned Response and human psychology “ We were then congratulating ourselves that the child could be conditioned out of fear, superstition and other problems by techniques not essentially different from the way the dog’s saliva is conditioned to flow every time the dinner going rings”. Additionally says that practically everyone put pen to paper in those days shared the same oversimplified view of the human being.[5]

All of these are true observations. Also according to us, psychology has nothing to say something efficient in the field of soul alone. Psychology alone seems inadequate in this area. Because, the man’s soul is metaphysical one. The concept of soul comes from a metaphysical sphere Whereby celestial religions came from metaphysical dimension to the man the subject of soul is the celestial religions. Socelestial religions are efficient authority on the soul’s dimension. Thereforethe best explanation of man and the best definition of happiness should befound in the celestial religions sources.

That paper focuses on the psychology of human and human's happiness from the perspective of Islam.

Keywords:


Abstract No:2053

THE EFFECTS OF THE GLOBAL CRISIS ON SOCIAL SECURITY AND HEALTH EXPENDITURES: A REVIEW ON EU PERIPHERY COUNTRIES

Suleyman Uluturk,Suleyman Uluturk,Servet Akyol,Department of Public Finance, Akdeniz University, Antalya Turkey

The crisis that erupted in 2007 in the US deeply effected many countries including particularly advanced countries and it spread on global scale. The crisis led to a significant decline in the growth rates of the EU countries, thus emerged a rapid increase in unemployment rates. In this process, while serious reductions were seen in tax revenues in the periphery countries of the EU, there was a high-cost borrowing option in the financing of public expenditure. Countries had to retrench the public expenditure by implementing the fiscal austerity in order to ease the debt burden. Fiscal austerity effects social security and health expenditure while especially unemployment reaches high rates and personal income decreases. Many patients have experienced various difficulties while accessing health care.The objective of this study is to explore the economic and social effects of the 2007 global crisis in periphery countries of EU. For this purpose social security and government health expenditures that were especially disrupted will be focused. Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain and Italy will be examined within the context of this paper.

Keywords:Global Financial Crisis, Social Security, Health Expenditure, Fiscal Austerity, EC.


Abstract No:2054

Coping with information overload - A new role of the community of practice

Florina Nicoleta Ivan,Mohamed HrimechDepartment of Psychopedagogy and Andragogy, Faculty of Educational Sciences,

University of Montreal, QC, Canada

This presentation put in evidence a new dimension of the role of the community of practice (CoP) in the context of information overload, a phenomenon that has become common in today’s learning and work environment (Chen, Pedersen & Murphy, 2011; Eppler & Mengis, 2004) . Thus, it aims to provide a clearer understanding of the strategies of coping with information overload within the CoP, in adult and situated learning in workplace.

The theory of CoP (Lave & Wenger, 1991; Wenger, 1998; Wenger, McDermott & Snyder, 2002) introduced a new perspective on adult learning in the workplace: learning is acquired through social interaction in a group that represents a community of practice. The theory of CoP has demonstrated the importance of this concept in understanding adults learning in the workplace through social participation, commitment and a shared repertoire of reification. However, it was not explained whether by reification as the material representation of experience and practice (such as documents, reports, folders, messages), the CoP can contribute to reduce information overload, and how the CoP can support learning in this context. Based upon a review of the literature on CoP and on information overload, a conceptual analysis was performed in regard with the distributed cognition between the person and its environment (Perkins, 1993). According to this analysis, the CoP can target the strategies of coping with information overload in workplace environment in view to reduce the information overload. Specific examples of these strategies and their implications for learning and training are provided.

Keywords:community of practice, information overload, distributed cognition


Abstract No:2055

Inefficient Reallocation, Loss Aversion and Prospect TheorySergiu Ungureanu

Department of Economics, City University London, United Kingdom

The paper shows that bounded rationality, in the form of limited knowledge of utility, is an explanation for common stylized facts of prospect theory like loss aversion, status quo bias and non-linear probability weighting. Locally limited utility knowledge is considered within a classical demand model framework, suggesting that costsof inefficient search for optimal consumption will produce a value function that obeys the loss aversion axiom of Tversky and Kahneman (1991). Moreover, since this adjustment happens over time, new predictions are made that explain why the status quo bias is reinforced over time. This search can also describe the behavior of a consumerfacing an uncertain future wealth level. The search cost justifies non-linear forms of probability weighting. The effects that have been observed in experiments will follow as a consequence.

Keywords:bounded rationality, loss aversion, reference dependence


Abstract No:2057

struggle for influence between Russia and Ottoman State on Wallachia and Moldavia (1783-1793)Sinan YÜKSEL,Sinan YÜKSEL

Department of History, Bülent Ecevit University, İncivez-Zonguldak/ TÜRKİYE

After Russian 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea, Wallachia and Moldavia gained more importance for Ottoman State.After annexation of Crimea, Russia tried to both consolidate his position in Black Sea and focus on Wallachia and Moldavia. It was possible that Wallachia and Moldavia land provide some economic, military and financial superiority for Russia. Moreover, by taking these lands, Russia can both protect Crimea and also to conquer Balkan lands Wallachia and Moldavia could be a kind of base against Ottomans.To protect themselves from aggressive Russian politics after annexation of Crimea, Ottomans initially strengthened to Wallachia and Moldavia defensive positions. In addition to that, Ottoman State followed closely activities of Russian missions.In this framework, struggle for influence between Russia and Ottoman State on Wallachia and Moldavia led to new war in 1787-1792 between Russians and Ottomans.

Keywords:Ottoman Empire-Russia-Wallachia-Moldavia


Abstract No:2058

Kham, Bashki and Lamas in Tuvan Folk Tales / Tıva Halk Masallarında Ham, Başkı ve Lamalar

MEHMET ACADepartment of Turkish Language and Literature, Balikesir University,

Balikesir, Turkey

Kham, Bashki and Lamas in Tuvan Folk Tales

In oral narratives, such as myths, legends and tales, of Tuvans whose belief systems are shaped by Tengrism, Shamanism, and Lamaist Buddhism (Sarïg Şajın), kham, bashki and lamas were also given place, having an important position in belief systems and social lives of Tuvans, as well as so many other elements belonging to the life of individual and society. Kham, Bashki and Lamas took place as first-degree heroes in some myths, legends and tales, and as second- and third-degree heroes performing certain functions in some of them.In this study, after dwelling upon belief system of Tuvans together with places of kham, bashki and lamas in this belief system and society life, reflections of kham, bashki and lamas in Tuvan folk tales will be interpreted in terms of their statutes, roles, and functions. Determinations and comments for reflections of kham, bashki and lamas in tales will be contributed to reflections of Tuvan belief system in Turkey in these kinds of folk narrations, and to the studies for determining and making sense of perceptions, pertaining to kham, bashki, and lamas, of Tuvans.Key Words: South Siberia, Tuva, folk tale, kham, lama.

Keywords:South Siberia, Tuva, folk tale, kham, lama.


Abstract No:2060

Evaluation of Young Voter Behaviors in the Context of Alienation And Citizenship: SDU Sample

Nedret Çağlar,Nedret Çağlar,Turan Şener,-Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, TBMYO, Görsel İşitsel Teknikler ve Medya

Yapımcılığı Bölümü

ABSTRACTAffecting voters’ political choices and shaping the political environment which will occur after any election can be considered among the primary goals of, particularly political parties, non-governmental organizations, economic actors, outside world in which countries are in relations and many institutions and organizations. In this context, voter behaviors, different categorization of voters and their characteristics, their thoughts and what affects their political choices are crucial for all political actors who participate in political arena.The change in the communication network with the technological developments particularly increased the gap between generations. This changed the younger generation’s point of view and even reactions to social incidents. At this point younger people think and act differently from the non-governmental organizations and political organizations which claim that they represent the social reaction. Moreover, these younger generations become distant to those organizations, particularly political organizations, and if they want to show their respond, it can be seen that they show their respond outside the organization in various ways rather than inside. This calls forth the importance of analyzing young people’s voter behaviors in countries, such as Turkey, where the younger generation constitutes majority.Political parties would like to know their voters’ characteristics in order to impress them, especially during electoral periods. In other words, it can be said that they should know well their voters whom they want to get their votes. It is thought that political parties should be aware of the characteristics of their voters such as what impresses them and what they pay attention when voting. It is obvious that especially different age groups show different voter behaviors. In this context, finding out the difference between young voter behaviors and other age groups is extremely important for political agents. Moreover, it can be said that young voters’ lack of interest to political issues which interests the majority of society and, naturally, them is a challenging topic and something that needs to be analyzed from the social aspect and as well as political choices.Aim of this study is the evaluation of young voters’ political attitude and behaviour towards voting or not-voting on the context of trust, cynisim and

efficiency factors. Moreover, younger people’s, whom are thought to be the most efficient factor in the social dynamism, distance to political dilemma or the movement of political discourses and fields to other environments, in accordance with our time’s technological developments, will be evaluated. There will be a field research which will involve Suleyman Demirel University students to test the effects of young people’s political attitude and behaviour on voting or not-voting in the research extent.

Keywords:Voter Behaviours, Young Voters, Alienated Youth, Political Marketing, Poltical Communication


Abstract No:2061

STRATEGİC IMPORTANCE OF SMART POWER IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURYMurat Silinir

Batman Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü, Batman

Power is a phenomenon that is frequently discussed in the discipline of international politics in modern and post-modern process. This phenomenon reflects a very controversial structure. Subjective dimensions of power spurred more on the this concept based discussions. The power that is indispensable strategic instrument for survival of the nation states managed to pass from instrumental level to purposeful space in the process. In this context, power has been subject to qualitative and quantitative transformation. Analysis of factors such as nature and quantity of power and its affect capacity indicate a strategic importance. The main purpose of this study is to reveal strategic dimensions of smart power for states and non-states actors as a new power model in the twenty first century. Within this general framework, work is divided into three main sections. Firstly, the phenomenon of power would be examined theoretically. Second, “soft power” and “hard power” concepts will be discussed and compared. Finally, the concept of “smart power” will be analyzed.

Keywords:Power, Hard Power, Soft Power, Smart Power


Abstract No:2062

The Principle of Proportionality In Terms Of ExpropriationSadullah Ozel

Department of İnternational Law, Batman University, Batman, Turkey

The Principle of Proportionality is a principle placed in 1982 Constitution of Turkey as a restriction limit and that its content is one of the most controversial principle in terms of public law doctrine. In the scope of content of generally accepted the principle of proportionality. It reflects importance that in what ways The Constitutional Court of Turkey and The European Court of Human Rights(ECHR) comment the principle of proportionality and assurance of principle that poses expropriation. The principle of proportionality is ability of the tool applied for restrictions to realize purpose of limitation and it is necessity for the purpose of limitation tool. It is also a metered rate of purpose and tool. In ECHR the most important reason of violation decisions against Turkey that is related with expropriation is failure of proportionality control by local authorities. In this proceeding, on the basis of expropriation, the principle of proportionality will be evaluated scientifically in the context of requirements of the democratic and social order that complete this principle.

Keywords:Expropriation, proportionality, Constitutional Court, ECHR


Abstract No: 2064

Dynamics, dimensions and potential of foreign language learning in transnational higher education: multilingual students with a cosmopolitan cultural identity as prototypes of

modern citizens of the worldKonrad Gunesch

College of Media and Mass Communication, American University in the Emirates, United Arab Emirates

This paper suggests language learning as a key element of transnational higher education for the globally mobile generation of 21st century students. It presents research into highly successful foreign language learners and revelations of their personal cultural identity within a worldwide higher education context, in a form that can be useful for students and professionals.

Conceptually, the presented model of individual cultural identity is that of cosmopolitanism, in the sense of a cultural world citizenship that straddles the global and the local spheres, in private as well as in professional contexts. Empirically, the paper shows how a group of highly multilingual international students revealed themselves, in in-depth interviews, in terms of their cosmopolitan cultural identity.

The student revelations of their identities allowed the synthesis of several ideal types of cosmopolitans which did not previously exist in the literature. This result contributes to two fields, namely that of language learning and mastery, and that of cosmopolitanism or world citizenship. The paper’s results and contributions are meant to directly benefit each conference participant, but also everyone interested in lifelong learning and worldwide higher education at the beginning of the 21st century.

Keywords: language learning, higher education, cultural identity, multilingualism, cosmopolitanism



Abstract No: 2065

Business Models for Social Media: The Example of Facebook

Dincer Atli

Social media has taken on greater importance by capturing the attention and interest of consumers,

marketers, advertisers and businesses.While the number of social media users changes literally by

the hour, it is clear millions of people are using social media around the world. The wide adoption of

social media has created more confusion and challenges for the media industries,as social media has

become yet another platform to engage and interact with consumers. (Friedrichsen & Mühl-

Benninghaus, 2013) Furtheremore, social networks have attracted worldwide attention because of

their potential to address millions of users and possible future customers. (Krombholz, Merkl, &

Weippl, 2012) Today, Facebook is theworld’s largest social network, with more than one billion active

users. Facebook is also an example of an intelligent network. An intelligent network can be described

as any system of communication that organizes, transmits and displays information with the goal of

providing information and/or entertainment around the world. (Friedrichsen & Mühl-Benninghaus,

2013)

The concept of business models is used in many fields including traditional strategy theory, general

management, innovation and information management literature and the emergent body of

literature on e-business (Jansen, Steenbakkers, & Jägers, 2007) and social media. The main objective

in this study is to reveal the business models for social media through case study analysis of

Facebook with special attention.

Keywords: Social Media, Business Models, Communications


Abstract No:2066

IMPACTS OF AUSTERITY MEASURES IN TURKEY: THE CASE OF WOMEN IN POVERTYSerap Işık,Seap Isık,Aytul Kasapoglu

TBMM.Ankara-Turkey

IMPACTS OF AUSTERITY MEASURES IN TURKEY: THE CASE OF WOMEN IN POVERTY

Abstract

In today’s globalized world poverty is a multidimensional problem and reducing poverty has a top priority in line with the other national targets of the governments. Because the increment of poverty growth creates national and global reflections, and has the potential to constitute a basis for such problems as political weakness, informal employment, austerity measures, terrorism, crimes, environmental impairment, illegal migration, epidemics etc. Poverty is a wide-ranging and multifaceted concept in terms of not having the sufficient income to meet the basic needs thoroughly or in large part. While the poverty – in the strict sense – is the state of starving and not having a house to take shelter in, the poverty – in a broad sense – is the state of such requirements as food, clothing, health care, housing not keeping up with the society’s standard level, though being sufficient to live on. In today’s world, women cannot have the sufficient education because of the equality of opportunities not being provided to them. The fact “female poverty” has gained much more importance since the increment of women rate in the impoverished part of society is a lot more. It also includes discussions regarding domestic violence, early marriage, divorce, home abandoning, private inequality, lack of education and employment – as a particular concern regarding women. Although main research is more comprehensive and detailed the aim of this paper is limited to examine problems and status of women in poverty based on their views who experience poverty severely. In this study quantitative and qualitative research techniques are applied by carrying out interviews with 40 women from different neighborhoods of Ankara, Turkey. Findings revealed that the status of women in poverty is not very good and their strategies to overcome poverty is not enough to eliminate their disclosure from society In order to empower them government should take necessary measurements.

Keywords : austerity, poverty, women, empowerment Turkey.


Abstract No:2067

ANALYSIS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN BANKS THROUGH METAPHORS: THE CASE OF TÜRKİYE HALK BANKASI

Tulay Celik,Tulay Celik,Guler Saglam AriGazi Osmanpasa Universitesi Erbaa Meslek Yüksekokulu Bankacılık ve

Sigortacılık Programı Erbaa/Tokat

Metaphors are used to describe a situation, and to accelerate or improve a process. When a metaphor is used for description, a situation, even to phenomenon is described or depicted as it is (Morgan, 1998). Use of metaphors in the analysis of organizations is a developing area of organizational theory. This paper aims to analyze the organizational culture of the banks by using the metaphors as a means of the research method. To this end, face-to-face interviews were performed with 67 employees working in Türkiye Halk Bankası "People's Bank" operating in the Province of Tokat and its districts. The research was conducted with qualitative methods. In the open-ended interview forms, the participants were asked to answer which metaphors and why they use prefer them for the organizational culture simile. Descriptive and content analysis was used in the analysis of the obtained data. In accordance with the findings; various metaphors were determined to be used by the employees about the following headings such as organizational identity, performance-reward relation, inducing to assume risk, power relation, organizational structure, language, leader and communication. As a result, it has been established that the metaphors that employees used about the bank were mostly positive and that there exists a powerful organizational culture in the bank. In-depth findings about the present organizational culture were reached by means of metaphor analysis.

Keywords:Organizational culture, banks, metaphor analysis


Abstract No:2068

The Other Under Pressure of IdenticalCEMZADE KADER

Department of Philosophy, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey

The concept of the self occupies a quite significant place in Levinas’ philosophy. Based on this concept, the primary focus of this paper is to explain the problem of otherness and sameness with reference to the self. In this regard, unfolding the appearances of the Other sets the objective and the scope of this paper.The fundamental relationship between self and the Other is grounded on ethics since, unlike Western Philosophy, ethics rather than ontology stands as the base in Levinas’s philosophy. His framework can be considered as a critique of the perspective which approaches the issue from ontology identifying the self with the Other. Therefore, breaking ties with tradition becomes possible only in the language. Accordingly, the crucial theme of the Levinas’ philosophy is the ethical language that presents itself in the ethical relationship with the Other. Since ethics brings about with itself the concept of responsibility, this paper also handles that particular concept. The relationship of responsibility between the self and the Other is unconditional, infinite, and non-reciprocal, and tracing back the source of this relationship is not possible since this relationship contains infinity in itself. Diachrony which breaks the identity of the self refers to eternalization of responsibility. The paper also reveals the fact that Levinas himself also falls into the trap of the logic of identification in Western metaphysics over the discussion of whether responsibility of the self stems from free will or infinity since the obligation of the Other in the face of the impotence of the self eliminates freedom of the Other and entails responsibility towards the self. Hence, this results in identification of the differences of the Other to be dissolved in the self itself. Thus, this paper aims at foregrounding the differences between the self and the Other.

Keywords:Self, The Other, Responsibility, Eternal, Ethics


Abstract No:2069

THE CONTRIBUTION OF TURKISH REPUBLIC CITIZENS RESIDING IN THE EU TO THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION, 2014Nedret Çağlar,Nedret Çağlar,-,-

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, TBMYO, Görsel İşitsel Teknikler ve Medya Yapımcılığı Bölümü, Isparta

The political participation regarded as a bond between a citizen in that society and the political authority in that society is a political indicator of a social structure. Political participation is any activity that shapes, affects, or involves the political sphere. Political participation ranges from voting to attending a rally to committing an act of terrorism to sending a letter to a representative. Participation is an essential factor indicating the adoption and operability of democracy among people. In this respect, voting is the most prominent form of participation. Voting overseas is not a recent issue; however, the use of it has enlarged in recent years. Turkey has been owning laws allowing overseas voting since 1980s. However, it was only possible for those living overseas to vote at border gates until Presidential Election, 2014. Voting overseas is defined as “the law articles and procedures allowing some of all of citizens of a country who reside abroad to exercise their right of voting”. Voting indicates democratic consciousness and political culture of that country. This study shall try to investigate the participation rate of Turkish Republic citizens residing in the European Union in the Turkish Presidential Election, 2014. The attitudes of the Turkish EU voters towards the politics in their home country shall be evaluated by taking their inclination towards voting in presidential election, 2014. In the evaluation, Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) data shall be used. How presidential election process put impact on Turkish political processes shall be explained while the Turkish Presidential Election, 2014 shall be analyzed. The impact of overseas voting opportunities on political participation shall also be discussed.

Keywords:: Political participation, voting, overseas voting, presidential election


Abstract No:2071

The Relationship between Reading speed in Turkish as L1 and English as L1

HUSNU DOKAKHACETTEPE UNIVERSITY FINE ARTS FACULTY PAINTING DEPARTMANT BEYTEPE CANKAYA

ANKARA

The artist is in a continuous effort to develop his thoughts for protecting his own uniqueness. This he makes with his best method which is formalism. This formalism which he has created by his own self-style, reveals the difference from other individuals. These differences that are reflected from thoughts to behavior and behavior to the ‘artwork’ keeps the form naturally unique.

Freud, by making structure analysis, has connected stylistic differences in art to differences in artistic personalities. According to Freud, Michelangelo and Leonardo who lived in the same city and belonged to the same artistic period, created different styles since they had different personalities.

According to the art and artist notions which was redefined at the age of enlightenment, stylization in art gained further importance; even if the artists contributed to the same art movement, the style they created was a language they have.

In contemporary art Idea began to take effect on the creation of the artwork as much as form. However, even for the artworks in which the idea - the concept - stands out, what determines the artist’s style is still the form itself as a known fact. The personality and behavior of the artist continue to be analyzed with the most widely known methods. Joseph Kosuth’s, Barbara Kruger’s or Bruce Nauman's personality and behavior analysis are resolved with the style they have created more than the ideas in the works.

This article will try to analyze any kind of cultural substructure, through works of different periods, the forms of behaviors, cultures and the point of view owned by the artist

Keywords:Style, artist’s behavior, Freud, culture, current


Abstract No:2074

The Effect of Career Planning on Work Engagement and the Mediator Role of Perceived Organizational Support

Sevgin Batuk TuranDepartment of Management, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey

In this paper, it is aimed to discover how career planning affects employees’ work engagement and to underline career management’s role in creating a strong relationship between the organization and the employee.

Previous research suggests that effective career management can be used as a tool to increase employee engagement; leading to decreased turnover and hiring costs. If an organization is able to sustain an employee’s engagement, it means that the employee will be more loyal and will put more effort to reach organizational goals.

According to Kahn (1990), engagement can be defined as “the harnessing of organization members' selves to their work roles; in engagement, people employ and express themselves physically, cognitively, and emotionally during role performances.”. This paper will address if career planning have a positive effect on the engagement level of employees, and also, in order to clarify the underlying dynamics in this relationship, “perceived organizational support” will be introduced as a mediator between career planning and work engagement.

An effective career planning process is likely to increase perceived organizational support. It means that, the employee is more likely to feel supported and protected by his/ her organization if his/ her career is well-defined and managed. This perception is expected to lead to a higher level of engagement toward the organization and the work.

The model proposed in this paper is presented below;

Career Planning → Perceived Organizational Support → Work Engagement

Accordingly, our hypothesis is that:

“There is a positive relationship between career planning and work engagement and this relationship is mediated by perceived organizational support.”

Keywords:career planning, perceived organizational support, work engagement


Abstract No:2075

Center-Periphery Relations During the Second Constitutional Era: the Case of Sayyid Talib al-Nakib

Burcu Kurtİstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi İnsan ve Toplum

Bilimleri Bölümü 34469 Maslak, İstanbul

By many historians, 18th century is designated as "the age of ayanship". Indeed, this has been a period which the Ottoman central authority, could not penetrate through the Empire's vast geography with a traditional understanding of centralization and which witnessed emergence of a variety of local powers in periphery. In contrast, efforts of centralization had begun with the reign of II. Mahmud and reached its peek with the Tanzimat reforms. Especially beginning from the second half of the 19th century, the Ottoman central authority is expressed to begin to penetrate the geography of the empire more tightly. However, there are very few studies about the way of change in the relations between center and periphery, namely the Sublime Porte and local notables, and the limits of the loss of influence of local notables in this new era. Moreover studies regarding both18th century and the Tanzimat period were limited to Anatolia and the Balkans, and many times every region of the Empire has been considered to experienced this process in the same way. In this context, Arab world seems extremely neglected in terms of both periods. From this stance this paper, seeks to examine center-periphery relations in Basra province, in a period of time which the Arab nationalist movement had reached its peak, namely the period after the declaration of constitutional monarchy in 1908. Relations between Sayyid Talib al-Nakib, who is the most influential among notables of Basra and one of the main representatives of Arab nationalism movement and the on going governments will be the main subject of study. In this context, the impacts of the political turmoil in the center (Sublime Porte) and Arab nationalist movement on the relationship between the government and Sayyid Talib will be discussed in detail.

Keywords:Center-Periphery Relations, Ottoman Iraq, Basra, Arab nationalist movement


Abstract No:2077

TRADITIONAL ROMANIAN WOMEN’S CLOTHING AND SIMILARITIES BETWEEN TRADITIONAL ROMANIAN AND TURKISH WOMEN’S CLOTHING

Başak BOĞDAY SAYĞILI,Başak BOĞDAY SAYĞILI,Berna YILDIRIM ARTAÇIpek University Turan Güneş Bulvarı 648. Cad. Oran Çankaya Ankara / Turkey

People use clothing to reflect the traditions of their society, their age, gender, and class differences. In multicultural societies, the most concrete clues to determine the ethnic origin of any community are traditional clothes passed on from the past to the future. The great diversity of traditional clothing in the Ottoman Empire, origin of the Turkish society, are the result of the variety of societies the empire was home to. During the height of the empire, the principalities of Wallachia, Moldova and Transylvania formed the origin of present-day Romania. Wallachia accepted the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century, Moldova in the 16th, and Transylvania, previously under Hungarian rule, after the battle of Mohács in 1687. Since these peoples, the forefathers of the Romanians, coexisted in the same region as the Turks, each community was influenced by the clothing of the other. An important incentive for this research was the fact that in spite of their obvious similarities, Romanian and Turkish traditional clothes have never been comparatively analyzed. The aim of this research is to identify the features of traditional Romanian women’s clothing and determine the similarities between Romanian and Turkish traditional women’s clothing. Historical and scanning methods were used in the research. In the sources accessed through the observation form designed for gathering data, clothes reflecting the general common features of traditional Romanian women’s clothing were examined. The similarities between traditional Romanian and Turkish women’s clothing were also studied.

Keywords: Clothing culture, sociological phenomenon, Romanian clothing


Abstract No:2078

Reality through Viewfinder: Diane ArbusMahpeyker Yonsel

Namık Kemal University Faculty of Fine Arts, Design & Architecture Department of Painting

Photographer wants to disseminate what he sees within his worldview; with a unique language of expression; through use of correct technique, correct angle, and true timing. Diana Arbus, is one of the woman photographers who were talked about largely in the 20th Century. Upon her unhappiness in fashion photography, she walked ‘outside’ into streets that she thought were rather the real world; and to find ‘reality’ through objects which were previously parts of her photographs. She purposefully chose people as themes who could be called different and also ‘strange’. These images were called ‘monstrous’ by her viewers so she got famous and has been called as photographer of the monsters.

She chose main characters such as dwarfs, gays, prostitutes, uglies, obeses, woundeds, transvestites, amputees, monstrous, insanes, people with down; and such characters who were left out of society; so she pointed a societal matter as well. Her photographs still capture interest because these images are still astounding, strange and worrying. Because of this, ‘the monstrous’ in Arbus’ photographs are just ordinary; the ugly, indeed, is just different and something just “not familiar”.

It is investigated and discussed in this article that how Diane Arbus expressed her societal concerns through photography medium as bringing individual identity into center, as in other avant-garde art movements of the 1960s in the United States. It is also discussed in detail, how and why she chose not to accept society-dictated ‘abnormal’ values; how and why Arbus brings her own ‘normal’ into view as contradicting with societal ‘normal’; and why she uses her art to create an agenda that brings her perspective and aforementioned values into day.

Keywords:Societal values, society-dictated, personal identity, avant-garde, photography, ugliness


Abstract No:2079

Evaluation of Total Quality Implementation in Banking Services in Terms of Internal and External Customer SatisfactionFatma Lorcu,Ceylan Yılmaz,Seyhan Bilir Güler,Fatma Lorcu

Trakya U. Business Administration Edirne

One of the most important elements in ensuring the continuity of globalization and capitalism is competition. Businesses that believe they will survive in the free market system only by providing a competitive advantage look for different tools and methods to achieve this competitive advantage. One of these tools is Total Quality Management (TQM), which, especially after 1980s, has had broad application and theory in management science.TQM is considered a holistic form of management that aims to maximize customer satisfaction by using functional and strategic coordination for a business/organization's all management and production processes such as planning, production, distribution, sales and after-sales maintenance and repairs. In TQM, which was indeed produced by globalization and competition in 1980s and became popular in the 1990s, customers are categorized into two: internal and external customers. Used for employees, "internal customers" are the customers who contribute to the product during the production process and are actually customers for other departments. External customers are the main customers who buy a business's products.TQM strongly argues that the notion of internal customer is very important for improving the quality of goods and services and that quality of institutions begin with their employees. When the needs of the employees, who are called internal customers, are not met, it is not possible to provide good quality services. Without internal customer satisfaction, employees cannot guarantee external customer satisfaction.External customers are those who want to get the highest benefit from a product or service provided that it is of good quality. According to TQM, by putting emphasis on product and service quality, organizations and institutions should enable not only their external customers but also their internal customers to find happiness in their professional relationships and their behavior. In this study, TQM practices are evaluated in terms of internal and external customers in the banking sector, which experiences increased intense competition every passing day. The study analyzes the demographics of a private bank's internal and external customers together with the bank's general evaluation and the differences between the perceptions of services.

Keywords:Customer Satisfaction,Banking Services, Evaluation of Total Quality Implementation


Abstract No:2080

Alim Han and Ceditçilik Movement in BuharaNurettin Hatunoğlu

Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi

Although Ceditçilik Movement ,in Buhara, initially is manifested by same aim and quality with Ceditçilik Movement which is seen in Turkestan geography, that movement obtained a politic aspect by starting to gain different qualification in the age of Alim Han and it is called as “Yaş Buharalılar “ movement.In other words, Ceditçilik Movement in Buhara attains different quality and conceptual framework since middle of Alim Han’s reign.If it is looked evaluation of ceditçi group which is for the age of Alim Han , one of the most important reason to attain infringer qualities of Ceditçilik Movement by the Yaş Buharalılar name doesn’t keep step with civilized development of Buhara Emirate in all around the world which is in the age of Alim Han

Keywords:Alim Han. Bukhara. Jadidism


Abstract No:2081

Student status and grade performance: it is complicatedElias Katsikas,Panagiotidis Theodoros

University of Macedonia, Department of Economics, 156 Egnatia str., Thessaloniki, Greece

This paper explores the nature of the relationship between student’s status and academic performance. We address three relevant questions. The first is whether employment, besides studying, affects performance. The second is the direction of causality between employment and performance. And third, which of the variables that determine teaching outcomes (absenteeism, limited coursework, work-hardship, etc) is associated negatively with employment. The data come from a field research conducted by means of printed questionnaires. It covers a sample of 356 graduates, taking their degrees from the seven departments of the University of Macedonia, over the academic year 2013-2014. Regression analysis is employed. The conclusions support the idea that the loose character of the Greek University system gives rise to extensive employment which is not strongly associated with the financial hardship of the working students. Performance is associated with longer working hours per week but not with the decision to work.

Keywords:working students, grades, teaching quality, absenteeism.


Abstract No:2083

TIP ÖĞRENCİLERİ ENGELLİLİK KONUSUNDA NE DÜŞÜNÜYOR?Hatice Sahin

Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Education

Engelli bireyler başta hekimler olmak üzere sağlık çalışanlarını ailelerinden bile yakın hissettiklerini belirtmelerine rağmen yine aynı sağlık çalışanlarının tutumlarının olumsuz olduğunu göstermektedir. Son yıllarda tıp eğitimi programlarına engelliliğin sosyal yönünü vurgulayan ders ve uygulamalar yerleştirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; tıp eğitimi programında "Engellilik ve Ben" isimli özel çalışma modülü (ÖÇM) uygulaması ile tıp öğrencilerinin engelli bireylere bakış açısının ortaya konması ve farkındalıklarının artırılmasıdır. 40 saatlik ÖÇM uygulamasında sekiz öğrencinin derinlemesine görüşmeler, sunum, kitap okuma, film seyretme etkinlikleri ile görüşleri derlenmiş ve çözümlemesi yapılmıştır. Bulgular; öğrencilerin engellilik terminolojisine sahip olmadıklarını, engelli bireylerle karşılaşmalarında bireyi üzmemek için göz temasından kaçındıklarını, ilk karşılaşmada zihinlerinden "Allaha şükür bende yok" düşüncesinin geçtiğini, engelli bir bireyle yakınlığı olan öğrencilerin farkındalıklarının daha fazla olduğunu, engelli bir birey ile evliliği sosyal yaşamda görüntünün önemi nedeniyle istemediklerini göstermiştir. Farkındalıkların artırılması ile ilgili bilgi verilmiştir. Engelli bireylerin bedenlerine kendileri kadar yakın olan tıp öğrencilerinin eğitimin erken yıllarından itibaren farkındalıklarının artırılması teorik bilgi yanında insani değerlerle donanmış hekimler yetiştirilmesinde etkin olacaktır.

Keywords:tıp öğrencisi, engellilik, farkındalık


Abstract No:2085

INDIVIDUAL APPLICATION RIGHT TO THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF TURKEY ADMISSIBILITY CRITERIA

GULCAN AZIMLI CILINGIR,GAYE TUG LEVENTYüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty Of Economics And Administrative Sciences,

Departmant of Public Administration Jurisprudence, van

Individual application to the Constitutional Court is a secondary judicial remedy to which individuals may resort following exhaustion of all administrative and judicial procedures applicable within the country. Individual application to the Constitutional Court is a secondary judicial remedy and is not a means for appeal or retrial; it is one of the domestic remedies which must be exhausted before an application to the European Court of Human Rights can be made. In its decision in the case of Hasan Uzun v. Turkey of May 2013 (application no. 10755/13), the European Court of Human Rights has, by a majority of votes, declared the application inadmissible on the grounds that "domestic remedies had not been exhausted", stating that applications made before the European Court of Human Rights without first exercising one's right of individual application to the Constitutional Court as of the date on which such right had become accessible, would be inadmissible. Individual application is acknowledged to perform several important functions in terms of protection of fundamental rights and freedom. However, it is possible to infer from the constitutional amendment process that, the main reason for introduction of the right of individual application within the Turkish legal system, is to reduce the number of applications made before the European Court of Human Rights against Turkey, rather than to bring a new corporate assurance to fundamental rights and freedom.

The right to an individual application to be made to the Constitutional court by individuals who claim that their constitutional rights have been violated by public authorities after utilization and exhaustion of all other judicial remedies was introduced by the constitutional amendment adopted on September 12, 2010 and entered into force on September 23, 2012. Following this amendment, pursuant to paragraph 3 of Article 148 of the Constitution, "Everyone who claims that any one of her/his fundamental rights and freedoms within the scope of the European Convention on Human Rights which are guaranteed by the Constitution has been violated by public authorities may apply to the Constitutional Court, provided that ordinary administrative and judicial remedies have been exhausted."

Admissibility criteria for individual applications may be examined under ratione personae, ratione materiae, legal interest, exhaustion of other ordinary judicial remedies, petition and justified application and ratione temporis. This study will focus on the right to individual application to the Constitutional Court and the admissibility criteria pertaining thereto.

Keywords:Keywords: Constitution, Constitutional Court, Individual Application, European Court of Human Rights, Admissibility.


Abstract No:2086

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LEGAL AID SYSTEM IN TURKEY EXAMPLE OF THE PROVINCE OF VAN

GAYE TUG LEVENT,GULCAN AZIMLI CILINGIRYüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty Of Economics And Administrative Sciences,

Departmant of Public Administration Jurisprudence.

Filing a lawsuit before the civil courts of Turkey, or, pursuing a lawsuit that has been filed entails certain economic costs. The litigation fees and expenses, which the claimant is liable to pay, are the same regardless of the individual's economic standing, whereby, in practice, the same amount of fees is collected from everyone. This constitutes a burden for individuals with no economic power to file a lawsuit, to pursue a lawsuit that has been filed against them and when required, to benefit from legal aid provided by an attorney.The concept of legal aid is governed in Articles 334-340 of the Code of Civil Procedure, in order to ensure that individuals who are insolvent and who lack financial resources are able to file lawsuits before the civil courts and to pursue lawsuits that have been filed. Accordingly; individuals who do not have sufficient financial resources to pay for the required litigation or proceeding fees in whole or in part without significantly burdening the subsistence of himself/herself or his/her family may benefit from legal aid in claims and defense and in claims for temporary legal protection and execution proceedings, provided that the request does not manifestly lack grounds. Thus, those who are insolvent may be held exempt from litigation fees and expenses and attorney's fees.In the light of the freedom to claim rights, as regulated under Article 36 of our constitution and in line with the equality of arms principle, which is among the components of the right to a fair trial regulated under Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights, facilitation of all means of economic and legal protection for individuals who face difficulties in paying the required litigation costs is also a requisite of being a social state of law. In this context, the implementation of the concept of legal aid is of particular importance. This study provides information on the scope of implementation of the legal aid system in Turkey and the existing legal regulations pertaining conditions thereof, with particular emphasis on the applicability of the concept of legal aid in the province of Van, based on relevant statistical data.

Keywords:Keywords: Legal Aid, Litigation Fees, Attorney Fees, Code of Civil Procedure.


Abstract No:2087

THE EFFECT OF VALUE ADDED TAX OF HUMAN CAPITAL AND A PROPOSALDOGAN BOZDOGAN,DOGAN BOZDOGAN,ATILA KARKACIER,

GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ İKTİSADİ VE İDARİ BİLİMLER FAKÜLTESİ MALİYE BÖLÜMÜ

Value Added Tax is a consumption tax levied at every stage of treatment spread production of consumption. This tax has an important place in the class of indirect taxes to finance public spending. Applied at different angles in the ready state in many countries criticized some aspects of Value Added Tax. In particular, the tax burden remains on the final consumer is an important point which Value Added Tax is criticized. Again, the Value Added Tax is open to criticism because of the tax burden on human capital formed.Expenses incurred as necessary in order to sustain the lives of individuals are taken out of Value Added Tax and similar taxes discussion items. Because the material is given to people in some constitutions and as a right to continue its intangible assets. At this point, there is a need for modifications Value Added Tax an important income.In this staudy, in Turkey and in some countries (UK, Russia) will be included Value Added Tax application, how it was determined that affected the human capital of the said Value Added Tax applications will be presented a new proposal for a new Value Added Tax system eventually.

Keywords:Value Added Tax, Human Capital, Consumption Tax


Abstract No:2088

BECOMING THE OTHER IN RELATION TO OWN SELF: TRACES OF AUTO-ORIENTALISM IN TWO NOVELS OF FAZLI NECİP

Serdar DemircanDicle Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi, Türk Tili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü

Diyarbakır / Merkez

The Religion of Islam’s breaking the shells of itself and increasing awareness in the world have led interests towards it. This attention has resulted in understanding the curiosity of the East in which Islam has grown. Orientalist view, which is activated at this point , has been developed for the West to decrypting the non-Western Eastern civilization and then to serve to be a banner of it like the way the West she wanted to see. Of course, although Islam concerns West with the East codes and that is the most important factor that makes the birth of orientalism necessary; political, commercial, scientific and cultural interests have been effective in secondary reasons.Orientalism, the most effective approach to take the West to the colonists purposes, has been based on the idea of East’s exhibition in the way of West’s desire, not in its natural state. What the West wants is East’s being touted to be the location of the cradle of all the problems. One striking point is that this negation endeavor does not always come from Western origin. From time to time we see that people who live inside eastern borders are located in the auto-orientalist activities that support these spiritual and intellectual projects.With this work, I primarily try to point out what orientalism means by starting from Edward Said’s point of view. Then we will try to address to the auto-orientalist elements commited in the novels Saraylarda Sultanlar and Haremin Sultanları by Fazlı Necip who is one of the important pens of Republican Period Turkish Literature .

Keywords:Colonialism, Auto-orientalism, Republican Period, Novel, Fazlı Necip.


Abstract No:2089

THE INFLUENCE LEVEL OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE COMPONENTS OF ELEMENTARY 2th GRADE AND 8th GRADE STUDENTS

BURCU ÇELİK,Kemal KÖKSALOlucak Elementary School,Akdağmadeni Yozgat,Turkey

The aim of this study was to examine the influence level of organizational culture components in schools (physical symbols, meetings, ceremonies, principal-teacher attitude and behaviors) on students and to determine the differences between these levels that influenced the students. This study was based on as a descriptive research and the sample was selected randomly. The population of the study consists of students in public elementary schools in the center of Akdağmadeni, in Yozgat province in Turkey. The sample of the research consists of 238 2th grades and 285 8th grades, in totally 523 students who study in public elementary schools in the center of Akdağmadeni, in Yozgat province. The data collection tool was a likert-type scale developed by the researcher. The data were gathered by the implementation of the developed research scale. The data obtained from the students were analyzed with SPSS 20 statistical package program. In the study, t test and One-way ANOVA statistical techniques were used to compare the mean differences of the scores gathered from the scale. As a result of the study, it has been determined that students are mostly influenced by the physical symbols in the organizational culture components, the organizational culture components affect 2th grade students much more than 8th grade students, there is a meaningful mean difference between organizational culture components according to the influence level on students and there has not been a component in the organizational culture components that had not influenced students at all.

Keywords:Organizational Culture, Elementary School, Organizational Culture Components


Abstract No:2090

Effectiveness of Adult Education Courses Organized for WomenZuhal İNCE,Aytül KASAPOĞLU

Osmaniye Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü Maarif Müfettişleri Başkanlığı

Adult education is bothfor individuals from all ages and all levels.These are basically vocational and social courses as well as cultural practices. The majority of courses organized for women aim to develop domestic labor as well as their socialization.Training is an ongoing process throughout life span. Adults may get new information after formal education through byself or getting support from outside.Distance education is for both who has never had an opportunity for formal training and also who left formal training. Primary aim of this study is to find out the reasons why women participate in these courses. Their socio-demographic characteristics and their learning outcomes were also investigated. In order to achieve study purposes a qualitative study wascarried out with 52 women from Osmaniye province who are voluntarily answered the questions. Findings revealed that majority of women participated in the courses to make contributions to their daily routine life. There are also some women who want to have private business. They also want to continue similar courses if they find an opportunity. In order to increase women participation in the adult education courses some suggestions were made.

Keywords:Adult education, women, domestic labor, Turkey


Abstract No:2091

Do investors behave with sentimental herding in the CEE stock markets?nazmi demir,Selma Aytüre, Nazmi Demir, M.Nihat Solakoğlu

Bilkent University Banking and finance dept.

By Selma Aytürea, Nazmi Demirb and M. Nihat Solakoğlub

AbstractHerding distorts the Capital Market Pricing Hypothesis and leads to inefficient pricing. Sentimental herding and adverse herding are hypothesized (Hwang and Salmon 2004) to occur, but not be unobservable, when there is stress and ambiguity about market conditions and may also be caused by information asymmetry. Using a state-space model we have extracted herding indicators by using the Kalman filter for markets in Poland, Romania and Croatia. The reason for choosing these markets is simply because of when they joined the EU (2004, 2007 and 2013, respectively), to determine if market experience plays a role in herding, as well as the different degree of impact each country experienced from the global subprime mortgage crisis. We found evidence that all three markets experienced sentimental herding and some adverse herding, but that the magnitude of herding was moderate. Herding persistency was the lowest in Poland relative to Romania and Croatia, indicating that Polish investors were quicker in turning back to the risk-return equilibrium path, which may be explained by the fact that Poland was exposed much earlier to free market conditions and hence had more experience with the market mechanism.

a/ Aksaray University, Banking and Finance Department,b/ Corresponding author, [email protected] Bilkent University, Banking and Finance Departmentc/ Bilkent University, Banking and Finance Department

Keywords:herding, state space, CEE crisis


Abstract No:2092

IN FAMILY FOUNDATION, THE POINT OF VIEW OF LEADERSHIP AMONG GENERATIONS

Güneş Açelya SİPAHİ,Güneş Açelya SİPAHİ,Meltem ONAY,Department of Logistics and Transportation, University of Adnan Menderes,

Söke, Aydın, Turkey

Being good is enemy of being great. One of the most significant reasons of having that much less “great” in our lives emerges from that thought. We don’t have great schools because we have schools that are“good enough”. We don’t have a great government because we have a government that is “good enough”. Very few people lead a great life because it is very easy to lead “good enough” lives. A great ratio of cooperations can’t be great companies because they are already “good enough”. Besides, that is the main problem.This concept took its actual form by the help of some opinion leaders’ thoughts who came together in 1996 to discuss about the issue of organizational performance .. Also, Jim Collin’s sought to find some answer son his book -Good to Great-,for the question that “Can a company turn into be great company? How can it manage it?”Firstly, this research considered as a “pilot research” and implied to the family-owned businesses in Izmir. The sample of the research contains 5 families from a selected association. Interviews had been made with 10 people from different generations (first and second generations) which took 1,5 hours in total.Than, the answers which were collected from interviewers summed up under the dimensions of Transformation “Fly chart”. In following step, answers were separated into two groups as similar answers and non-similar answers. Therefore, there aren’t any similar models applied before; it has been tried to conduct a new one.Finally, interesting results show that, there is differentiation between generations especially on leadership manner.

Keywords:Family foundation, leadership,


Abstract No:2093

The Effect of Emotional İntelligence on Organizational Learning: A Study in the Automotive Supply Industry in İzmir

Yasin Barut,Yasin Barut,Meltem Onay,University of Yasar,İzmir,Turkey

Organizational Learning and emotional intelligence are concepts which have been raised within two recent decades but have been attracted by the researchers recently, and plenty of researches applied on each. But a few researchers have studied on these two variables together.

Emotional intelligence reduces interpersonal problems by strengthening mental health, ability empathy with others, social adaptation, emotional well-being and life satisfaction and provides field of improving community relations and learning ability. Organizational learning, as knowledge is considered to be one of the most important resources to the creation of sustainable competitive advantage. It can be defined as the process of developing the capabilities and experience.

Therefore, in this study, it is aimed at investigating the effect of “Emotional Intelligence” on “Organizational Learning” among employees who work Automotive Supply Industry in İzmir/Turkey. The study sample includes 80 corporation workers in İzmir. To measure emotional intelligence which was developed by Hall in 1999 that scale is consisting of five sub-dimensions. The total score of the 30 items that form the scale is the total EI score. The Organizational Learning scale developed by Templeton (2002) is used as a measurement instrument. Firstly, the theoretical part of research focuses on the concepts of emotional intelligence and organizational learning. Then Correlation coefficient and multiple Regressions by SPSS software the data is analyzed. Results suggest a positive and significant, association between emotional intelligence and Organizational learning.

Keywords:Emotional Intelligence, Organizational Learning, Automotive Supply Industry


Abstract No:2094

Why are we so slow?Ayalp Talun Ince

Departement of German Language Teaching, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey

This study is about the subject of fear in young adult films, tv series and fiction. Fear ist the most populare theme in fiction ever, since human beeing began telling stories. The main goal of this study with gathered qualitative data is to explain how fear used against young adults, who are the future of human society. they blocked with fear against rises, revolutions, finding new ways of society. Because in the most popular fictions for young adult like The Hunger Games, The Divergent Series, the Labirent series or the older ones like The Vampire Diaries or Twilight the young adults repressed in many ways and they shown that it could end badly when they rise against society. The data gathered with many interviews and their analysis with young adults who see the films or read the books. So the data will show how mainstream films influence the young generation and steal all there illusions for a better wolrd and so they get repressed and searching for satisfaction in consume or other ways.

Keywords:young adult fiction, fear, young adult film, young adult literature, young adult, media studies


Abstract No:2095

The Examination Of Social Adaptability Levels Of Children Who Got Ceramic Educationand Who Did Not Get Ceramic Education

Burcin Aysu,Burçin Aysu,Figen Gürsoy,Jandarma Preschool and Day Care Center, Ankara, Turkey

This research was conducted by descriptive scanning model. It aimed to examine the social harmony levels of children who get and do not get ceramic education and to determine whether variables such as gender, number of siblings, order of birth, educational level of parents, occupation of parents, duration of ceramic education, the working style that children adopt, the person to whom they ask for help, the figures they make, the situation of helping to friends and speaking on the product they create make a difference on their level of social harmony. Six pre-schools are chosen among pre-schools of institutions located in Ankara province center by random sampling method and 115 children (62 girls, 53 boys) who got ceramic education and 115 children (45 girls, 70 boys) who did not get ceramic education, 230 children in total, participated in the research. The “General Information Form” developed by researcher was used to obtain information about children and the “Social Adaptation and Skills Scale” developed by Ömeroğlu and Kandır (2005) and validity and reliability of which verified by Işık (2007) was used. “Social Adaptation and Skills Scale” was applied to teachers’ of children participated in the research in 2012-2013 education year. The collected data was computerized by SSPS statistics program. According to the results of the research, regarding the social adaptability of the children who got ceramic education and who did not get ceramic education, the interaction between the situation of getting ceramic education and gender, the interaction between the situation of getting ceramic education and sibling, the interaction between the situation of getting ceramic education and order of birth, the interaction between the situation of getting ceramic education and educational level of mother were found significant (p>.05); regarding children’s social adaptability level the order of birth, the occupation of father, the educational level of father were found insignificant (p<.05).

Keywords:Preschool education, ceramic, Social adaptability


Abstract No:2096

Virtual Leadership at Distance Education TeamsMeltem KUSCU,Hasan ARSLAN

Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey

Globalization being one of the most popular terms of recent years is considered as a factor changing the operation styles of the companies. Companies and universities opened up to the world with the globalization and as a result of it, they had the opportunity of being a world brand. Now, some companies have affiliated companies in almost every country. Well, if we think about time difference how do these companies lead the affiliated companies in various locations of the world? This question resulted in the new leadership approach, virtual leadership. The adventure of distance learning beginning with newspaper advertisement appears as virtual learning now. A number of companies and universities provide distance learning classes and in-service training in virtual platform via Internet. These trainings provided independently from time and space are conducted in a country and worldwide sometimes. If we consider individuals in different time and environments as virtual teams, dealing with these virtual teams is the duty of virtual leader. The purpose of this study is to examine virtual leadership perception of distance learning teams. Three trivets are in question for distance learning teams. The first one is the academicians lecturing the second one is the students and the third one is coordinator and technical support team. Perceptions of virtual leader of the said three groups were examined individually in this study.

Keywords:Distance Education, Virtual Teams, Virtual Leadership


Abstract No:2098

televisionerkan çiçek,erkan çiçek,burcu çiçek,hasan alpago

Yıldız Teknik Üni. Sanat Tasarım Fakültesi Fotoğraf ve Video Bölümü Davutpaşa yerleşkesi campus 34220 Esenler / İstanbul

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEVEL OF MEDIA LITERACY AND USE OF MEDIA

Sounds and images in mass media that has been developed and became widespread in time affect people and shape their life. Children are much more affected by the mass media and much more exposed to its directing effect. Once the effect of mass media on people was recognized, the works for media literacy have been started in the world for eliminating the aforesaid negative effect and decreasing the directing effect of mass media. Developments in the world are also followed and attempted to be adopted in Turkey.

The purpose of this study is to determine the opinions of students of vocational high school of communication regarding the course of Media Literacy and to determine their levels of Media Literacy.

Keywords:media, literate, tv.


Abstract No:2099

Understanding of History in the Yeni Umit Journal: Between Islamization of Knowledge and Conservative Methodology

Deniz Ali GurMUGLA SITKI KOCMAN UNIVERSITESI KOTEKLI KAMPUSU, EDEBIYAT FAKULTESI

SOSYOLOJI BOLUMU Z-27, MENTESE/MUGLA/TURKEY

Islam as a comprehensive religion and ideology is claimed by the believers to be responding any problematic either simple and daily or sophisticated and intellectual. Combination of the insistence in the efficiency of Islam and the unnegligible need for innovation in methodology had provided the ground for Ismail Raji al-Faruki to develop Islamization of knowledge as a new, eclectic and postmodern approach, i.e. in Bassam Tibi’s words, a “postmodern project.”

Islamization of knowledge had become a significant stream in the Islamic world, and has been contributed by some followers, e.g. Muhammad Arif who offers to stratify the primary philosophical concepts in order to found an Islamic theory of knowledge.

Islamization of knowledge had achieved to be influential for other Islamists who are not followers at all. Yeni Ümit (i.e. New Hope) which is a quarterly journal published by the Gülen movement in Turkey is an example of non-follower Islamist circles benefiting Islamization of knowledge. In this work, Yeni Ümit’s understanding of history is going to be discussed in terms of concurrent application of the Islamization of knowledge and the conservative methodology; and it is going to be argued that the intense use of Islamic terms such as madaniyah, Haq, Hududullah and Sunnatullah serves as a means of stratification.

Keywords:Islamization of knowledge, stratification, madaniyah, Haq, Hududullah, Sunnatullah


Abstract No:2100

A Contrarian Diplomat to Britain’s Ottoman Policy: David UrquhartTevfik Orcun OZGUN

Institute of Turkish Studies, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TURKEY

David Urquhart (1805-1877), colourful personality, has been the subject of research by a number of scholars so far. His rather ambiguous position vis-a vis English policy manner goes parallel to strategic interests of colonial Britain on the eve of the 19th century. He served for British ambassy in Istanbul and could have chance to know the Turks during Foreign Office Secretery of Lord Palmerstone.

A through investigation of his literary (“The Spirit of the East”, “Turkey and it’s Resources”, “England, France, Russia and Turkey”, “The Military Strenght of Turkey”) and other activities (“Foreign Affairs Committee”, travel to east of Turkey for new reports on trade and trasnportation for British goods ) will shed light not only on his position as a Turcophile or an iconoclastic Scot but also on the general policy shifts of Britain’s Eastern policies. The paper is based on previous unpublished material from the British and Ottoman archives and Urquhart’s private papers.

Keywords:David Urquhart, Britain’s Eastern Policy, Ottoman Empire


Abstract No:2101

The institutional dimension of the Lifelong Learning policiesLucia Fortini

Department di Political Science, University of Naples, Federico II, Italy

The change of paradigm involved in the transition from ‘Adult e-ducation’ to ‘Lifelong learning’ regards the historical perspective and the institutional dimension to develop interventions and the target of policy, with the hypotesis that several factors are fostering the hybridisation of national ‘Vocational Education and Training system’.The new strategic framework for European cooperation in ‘Education and Training 2020’, appears as the frame of the new Community Policies of ‘Lifelong learning’, and opens many questions respect to institutional perspectives and the role of the different actors involved in the imple-mentation process, in particularly the university system, called to express operational proposals and redefine their mode of action.In this research are analyzed, from different perspectives, the mecha-nisms and the processes that determine social action of the European In-stitutions for the construction of an integrated system of education and li-felong learning, starting from an Italian case study.As part of the changes and opportunities defined by the Agreement State-Region in 2000, the survey questions on the overall results of the operation of the Italian education system, and locally on the responses of the different social actors involved in the practice of lifelong learning wi-thin individual regions.The policies of ‘Lifelong Learning’ depend on the change of the ‘European Social Model’. In Italy, the practices of ‘Lifelong Learning’ represent a ‘clearing house’ of dystonia with the institutional, observable through mechanisms and processes that guide social action of policy ma-kers towards the definition of a new national system, based on local con-texts.

Keywords:Institutions, Policy, Lifelong learning


Abstract No:2102

From “welfare state” to “social investment state”: the sociological perspective

Giuseppe Luca De Luca PicioneDepartment di Political Science, University of Naples, Federico II, Italy

The unpublished study presented in this paper is a research about the role played by the european decision makers in the shifting of what was before intended as “Welfare state” to what is now called “Social investment state” (Giddens, 2014). Within a political agenda deeply oriented to express a new perspective for welfare activities, «we can, from a postmodern perspective, begin to think of the learning society or the learning culture as themselves integrative ideologies of social policy» (Griffin, 2002, 143). Some interpretative frameworks of the new trends are in fact trying to read the shift from the “welfare” to the “workfare” as an opportunity to force the movement towards an alternative model called “learnfare” (Ilo, 2003; Gazier, 2003; Colasanto, Lodigiani, 2008).The theoretical perspective in which those interventions can be understood is that of the evolution of the “European Social Model”, an expression which designates that all EU countries share forms of the welfare policies, regardless of the considerable differences with respect to the quality and scope of performance. For two decades, discusses the ESM: about its affordability and its political connotations. The cuts in public budgets in response to the first so-called “fiscal crisis” of the state and now the global economic crisis, have led the major Euro-pean countries to restructure their operations to the citizens of working age (Gallino, 2012). The “Social Investment Package” announced by the European Commission is an opportunity for the human and the social capital development of people at all ages, enhancing the direct involvement of universities in projects for social inclusion.

Keywords:Welfare state, European Social Model, Social investment state


Abstract No:2103

ResearcherVehbi Kara

Fishing Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

In this thesis, a new era named Ownership and Liberty has been studied. Emphasizing on the types of governments which lack in freedom, it is questioned that how people would be able to set aside from these adverse conditions.A discussion has been made on the question that would it be possible to get over negative conditions people faced such as slavery, thrall and the exploitation of human labor in the evolution process, and pointed out that the only way to succeed this would be possible in “Ownership and Liberty Era”.It is claimed that the most advanced order of humanity comes with the “Ownership and Liberty Era” in the evolution process of human living. It is aimed to achieve an original point of view by concentrating on the idea of ownership, to possess and liberty in an era where increasing importance of property rights is appeared and the desired freedom is accomplished in all matters.Taking into account the cost it imposes on countries and the importance of property system, another important aspect of the thesis, black economy, is discussed. Years of research and study are used to analyze of a country’s development, furthermore, the capital and property issues are argued. In this way, new main parameters of an era which are expected to gain more importance in the future are ascertained.

Keywords:Evolution, slavery, ownership, liberty, black economy.


Abstract No:2104

The Relationship Between Locus of Control and Burnout of Primary School Teachers

Songul Tumkaya,Songul TumkayaCukurova Universitiy, Education Faculty, Adana, Turkey

In this study the relationship between locus of control of primary school teachers had been examined. The sample of the study consisted of 112 primary school teachers; 52 of them were male and 60 were female. As measurement instruments" Internal-External Locus of Control Scale" developed by Rotter (1966) and " Teacher Burnout Scale" developed by Seidman and Zager (1986-87) were used. In analysis data, "t" test and one way ANOVA statistical techniques had been used. The results of the study indicated that there had been found significant differences among four sub scales of Teacher Burnout Scale in terms of having internal or external locus of control of teachers. In addition, it had been found that burnout scores of male teachers were higher than female teachers.

Keywords:Teacher burnout, Locus of control, Primary school.


Abstract No:2106

Light Shining in Buckinghamshire: Rediscovering English Civil WarAydin Gormez

Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Letters English Language and Literature Department Van, Turkey

Caryl Churchill’s play Light Shining in Buckinghamshire seeks to rewrite the history of English Civil War (1642-51), one of the most remarkable revolution attempts in English history. The play depicts the then events with their seamy sides. Charles I loses his authority, the government experiences adaptations problems and the army oppresses the supporters of the king as well as the soldiers who voluntarily joined the cause. As a matter of fact, a failed attempt of revolution and its reasons are given in the play. This failure leads to the development of capitalism; the army’s being used against Levellers and Diggers or for the Irish cause, and the conflict between the oppressed. Believing that official history conceals some truth and mostly written by the powerful, Churchill feels uneasy and reacts with a new historicist approach. Light Shining in Buchinghamshire, shedding light on history, reviews a historical class conflict from a different perspective. This paper seeks to reveal how powerfully the mentioned play unearthes the unrecorded and ignored matters and events, providing one with a different perspective in reviewing the history.

Keywords:Caryl Churchill, Light Shining in Buckinghamshire, English Civil War, revolution, class conflict


Abstract No:2107

EFFECTS OF ARTİST'S CONDUCT ON CREATİON OF STYLEHüsnü DOKAK

Hacettepe Unversity Faculty of Fine Arts

The artist is in a continuous effort to develop his thoughts for protecting his own uniqueness. This he makes with his best method which is formalism. This formalism which he has created by his own self-style, reveals the difference from other individuals. These differences that are reflected from thoughts to behavior and behavior to the ‘artwork’ keeps the form naturally unique.

Freud, by making structure analysis, has connected stylistic differences in art to differences in artistic personalities. According to Freud, Michelangelo and Leonardo who lived in the same city and belonged to the same artistic period, created different styles since they had different personalities.

According to the art and artist notions which was redefined at the age of enlightment, stylization in art gained further importance; even if the artists contributed to the same art movement, the style they created was a language they have.

In contemporary art Idea began to take effect on the creation of the artwork as much as form. However, even for the artworks in which the idea - the concept - stands out, what determines the artis’s style is still the form itself as a known fact. The personality and behavior of the artist continue to be analyzed with the most widely known methods. Joseph Kosuth’s, Barbara Kruger’s of Bruce Neuman's personality and behavior analysis are resolved with the style they have created more than the ideas in the works.

This article will try to analyse any kind of cultural substucture, through works of different periods, the forms of behaviors, cultures and the point of view owned by the artist

Keywords:Art, Freud, Attitude, Contemporary, Style


Abstract No:2108

Changing dynamics of alternative small houses design: Dynamic spatiality of small houses formed by households’ diverse lifestyles; ‘From conceptual design to high quality extenzminimum atmospheres.’

Ayca ArslanAtilim University,Fine Arts Faculty,Architectural Department,Kızılcasar

Street,Incek Ankara

This paper's aim is to investigate recent day’s small houses spatiality that reveals in the market last few decades increasingly as; 1+0, 1+1 and 1+1.5 types.Through their spatial formations it is expected that they accommodate high quality of space designs which differs them from modern periods small houses formed with socialist ideology and economical concerns for small households. On the other hand, today, small houses spatiality are formed by changing dynamics such as globalization, capitalist system, consumerist lifestyles and migrations.Today, extenzminimum spaces’ are formed with dual integration of; thought and function, designer and user, conceptual design and lifestyles. This non-family household structure as an alternative housing typology, used to appear at modern period with the theme of ‘minimum dwelling’, which contains the atmosphere of socialist ideology of the period with its defined function spaces for working class. Then, in contemporary period by changing dynamics of social class like globalization, metropolitan lifestyle and migration, small houses spatiality transformed and effected by changing ideology of the period. Today it is found that there is a more than functional quality in the spatiality on these new small houses. This study tries to demonstrate this difference, as alternative and luxury styled small houses spatiality that is linked with their household’s lifestyles.

Keywords:Extenzminimum, Dynamics, Spatiality, Space atmosphere


Abstract No:2109

THE SOLUTION OF THE MARRIAGE AFFAIRS IN TERMS OF PHENOMENOLOGYÜnal ŞENTÜRK

Inonu University science and literature faculty sociology, Malatya, Turkey

Conceptionally, phenomenology has two meanings. Its first meaning is a perceptional object or a thing which we see, perceive or feel with our senses. As for its another meaning, phenomenon is an unusual thing and an extra-ordinary spiritual power, feeling and perception which we have not explained or understood yet. The first meaning of the concept is the part which almost everybody can accept. The second, however, is an interpretive definition. In the latter, it is emphasized that the physical world not having an independent reality is grasped through our senses. It is discussed that the reality is defined, grasped and accepted personally. For that reason, phenomenology is the independent definition or acceptance of a condition, an event or an object by the ones who are under, outside or against it. Phenomenology is a part of the general concept inclination which claims that society can not be regarded as a “self” which is independent of the individuals and emphasizes the creation shapes of the people’s own social worlds. Phenomenological sociology focuses on the “meaning”, that is, norms, values and beliefs. In theory, it deals only with the structure and the process of the conscious and here, implicitly; the concept that the world in which we live was actually created in our minds is viewed as basis. Phenomenology advocates that the physical world is not a reality which is constant and the same, independent and objective for everyone and it claims that at least if human is the subject, it is a relative world which is open to interpretations, that is, the meanings which people perceive. Phenomenology which keeps off the generalizations concentrates on the process of conscious, psychological back round and personal perceptional differences behind the event, phenomenon and the behaviours.Family and marriage, which are social phenomenon, are shaped depending on the personal perceptional differences, the process of getting conscious and significances. The sex of the couples getting married and their age, education level, income, quality of their marriage relationships, process of socialization and expectations from the marriage diversify their views concerning this institution. In the study focusing on how these differences occur and what they depend on, the field research data concerning marriage are aimed to be evaluated in terms of phenomenology.

Keywords:Family, marrriage, phenomenology


Abstract No:2111

Segmentation of Publics in Strategic Public RelationsZuhal Gok Demir

Faculty of Communication, Akdeniz University, Campus, Antalya, Turkey

The situational theory of publics has been widely applied in strategic public relations research which provides a foundation for understanding the concept of segmentation of publics. Basic assumption of the theory is that publics form around the specific issues produced by the organisational consequences, therefore, the theory segments the publics around issues. The theory explains when and how people will communicate about the issue in which they are involved. To predict whether a public will engage active communicative behaviour problem recognition, level of involvement and constraint recognition are used as independent variables. The theory proposes high problem recognition, low constraint recognition, and high level of involvement increase information seeking which also create active publics.

The paper aims both to segment the publics into active, aware and latent publics on the basis of problem recognition, level of involvement and constraint recognition and to determine the characteristic features of these segments. The first thing to start the research is to determine an issue, as publics gather around the issues. So the issue of education fee in universities in Turkey is selected. Research will be carried out on 384 students of Akdeniz University using convenience sampling. The questionnaire form consists of items related to the variables of the situational theory of publics, demographics and media usage tendencies; thus combining both static and situational segmentation methods, the research fills the gap between static and situational methods. Regression analysis, cluster analysis and frequency analysis will be performed by using SPSS 20.

Keywords:strategic public relations, public segmentation, situational theory of publics


Abstract No:2112

Reflection of Public Relations Practitioner’s Role Typologies into Curriculum

Cigdem Karakaya SatirFaculty of Communication, Akdeniz University, Campus, Antalya, Turkey

The studies on public relations practitioner roles are based on two main role typologies; technician and manager. However, in parallel with changing business paradigm, the role of strategist is proposed for the macro level organisational strategies. The necessity of redefinition of a new role for public relations by Steyn can be explained with two dimensions of bridging role in strategic management theory. While the first is the mirror function that transmit the information to management by spanning the organisational boundary with the outside perspective, the second is the window function that send the information to publics as an output with inside perspective by expressive task. The first dimension referring to the mirror function for macro level reveals the requirement for a new role typology; the strategist. The strategist is defined as a macro level role who scans the macro environment, segments the organisational stakeholders and publics, determines the strategic issues and builds the potential scenarios to management as an input for strategic decisions. Therefore, public relations students must attain related knowledge and skills to understand their new roles in strategic management, to think and behave strategically.

The main purpose of this study is to determine which role typologies exist in the curriculum of Akdeniz University, Faculty of Communication, Public Relations Department. Furthermore, the study reveals whether the course content includes vital knowledge and skills of changing roles. Both quantitative and qualitative content analysis will be applied to 112 course content according to the code and themes of role typologies.

Keywords:strategic public relations, PR roles, strategist, PR curriculum


Abstract No:2113

Baby Boomer Generation’s Use of Social MediaFulya Erendag Sumer

Faculty of Communication, Akdeniz University, Campus, Antalya, Turkey

Each generation has unique expectations, experiences, lifestyles, values and demographics that influence their behaviour. Baby boomers are those born between the years 1946 and 1964, with the youngest being 51 years old and the oldest being 69 years old as of 2015. It is considered that as a person gets older the harder they become accustomed to new technologies. However, baby boomers appear to be experienced users of modern technologies as they have witnessed technological changes during their lifetime. This generation saw the rise of television and then the internet and the social media. Some studies state that baby boomers have greater access to the internet than the overall adult population and their internet usage patterns are almost similar to that of the younger generation. Furthermore, one of the most pronounced differences among generations today is social media use.

The purpose of this paper is to determine the baby boomer generation’s use of social media in Turkey with a descriptive research. As they didn’t grow up with computers and the introduction of television defined the technological tone of the baby boomers; it is important to show baby boomer generation’s use of social media. For this study, data will be gathered from convenience sampling of baby boomers with a questionnaire form and also, data will be analysed by using SPSS 22. Frequency analysis, correlation analysis and independent samples t-test will be performed.

Keywords:baby boomer generation, social media, social media use


Abstract No:2117

Role of Gender in Decision Making and ArgumentationGöklem Tekdemir Yurtdaş,Elif Sakin

İstanbul Universitesi Edebiyat Fak. Psikoloji Böl. Ordu Cad. No: 196 Laleli-İstanbul

Decision-making process in small group discussions involve members of the constructed groups to express their opionions, evaluate others’ opinions and try to convince each other. Argumentation practices can be traced from the units of conversation structure within this context. In this study, the relationship between gender and argumentation practices will be examined. Twelve triad groups were formed in terms of combinations based on gender. Gender based groups will be presented the “Lost on the Moon task” and asked to reach a consensual decision regarding the usefulness of the items in the task.Video-taped group discussions will be investigated by using conversation analysis within the theoretical frame of Toulmin’s model of practical argumentation. Sequences of claims and challenges of discussions will be determined and analyzed in terms of Toulmin’s argumentation strategies while taking into account the dynamics of gender.

Keywords:small group discussions, decision making, Toulmin’s model of argumentation, conversation analysis


Abstract No:2118

Examination on the Impact of Criminal Court’s Findings on Other Disciplins in term of Presumption of Innocence

Kubra TuncMarmara Universitesi Hukuk Fakultesi Ceza ve Ceza Muhakemesi ABD Haydarpasa

Yerleskesi

Criminal court’s inference from a case plays a significant role in other disciplines. Especially, when administrative agencies and administrative courts adopt criminal courts opinions without having further examination, a problem occurs in term of presumption of innocence. In the study, the relation between criminal court’s ruling of suspension of the pronouncement of judgment and presumption of innocence is examined in the light of a constitutional court decision on an individual complaint.

Keywords:The impact of criminal court’s findings on other disciplins, Presumption of innocence, Suspension of the pronouncement of judgment


Abstract No:2119

CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS İN SECONDARY SCHOOLSZuhal İNCE

Osmaniye Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü Maarif Müfettişleri Başkanlığı

The priority of Education; researching, thinking, designing, criticizing, problem solvers, self-aware, to educate individuals. Classes are places where these expectations. Class is a place where students and can be face to face. Where are the start of student behavior is the target of Education. For training; students, teachers, programs, tools, activities, is in the class. The quality of training administration, largely depends on the quality of the class management.If the dimensions of regulation appropriate classroom management can be achieved in a shorter period of the training. The size of the class management teacher to form optimally should be sufficient in this area. Problems of classroom management in secondary schools has been investigated for this. Research observations, interviews, qualitative data collection methods such as document analysis were used. The aim of qualitative research; deep and qualified to work with small sample findings are to achieve.Based on the results of research; school principals and teachers in classroom management; students recognize their parents recognition, regulation range of physical environments, time management, students were asked to causes and solutions of the unwanted behavior. Causes and answers to problems by analyzing the data collected are discussed.The effects of this research and classroom management is important in terms of determining the reflection on education of these effects.

Keywords:Classroom management, misbehavior, secondary, Turkey.


Abstract No:2121

TÜRKİYE’DE CUMHURİYET’İN BAŞLARINDA OKULLARDA DİN EĞİTİMİ POLİTİKASIZeki Salih Zengin

Çankırı Cad. Çiçek Sok. No:3 Ulus

Cumhuriyet, Türk tarihi içerisinde sadece idari anlamda değil, aynı zamanda toplum ve dünya görüşü açısından da önemli bir dönüm noktasıdır. Dinin, geleneksel Osmanlı toplum ve idari yapısında oldukça etkili olduğu, bu etkinin de eğitim aracılığı ile sağlandığı bilinmektedir. Tanzimat döneminden itibaren değişmeye başlayan eğitim anlayışı ve sistemi Cumhuriyet döneminde yeni bir hız kazanmıştır. Eğitim, cumhuriyetin dayandığı iki temel anlayışa uygun olarak, milli ve laik bir bakış açısıyla yeniden şekillendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu anlayışa bağlı olarak yaygın din eğitimi faaliyetleri kısıtlanarak, sıkı bir denetim altında tutulmuş, okullardaki din eğitimine ise zaman içerisinde son verilmiştir. 1950’li yıllarda ise din eğitimi konusunda daha serbest ve özgürlükçü bir yola girilmiştir. Tebliğde, Cumhuriyet’in kurulmasından 1950’li yılların sonuna kadarki dönemde izlenen din eğitimi politikasının hangi özellikleri taşıdığı ve bu politikanın, yeni kurulan devletin en temel ilkeleri olan milli ve laik anlayışla ilişkileri ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.

Keywords:Republc of Turkey, religious education, secularism


Abstract No:2123

Social Services for the Elderly in TurkeyYaser Snoubar,Kasım Karataş

Department of social work, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

The number of the elderly population in the world and in Turkey is increasing. With advances in age, the human physical, mental health and social life become retrogress. Due to this elderly people need special care, social services and support. The main focus of social policies for the elderly is centered on meeting these growing needs depending on the ageing of the population. Compared the ageing in Western countries, ageing in Turkey is not yet seen as a widespread social phenomenon. However, each day, there is increase in the weight of the elderly on the population. Meanwhile history of the elderly services in Turkey is quite old. It is also a fact that the social services such as nursing homes, healthcare services for the elderly, the number of professionals available for providing services to the elderly and the allocated budget for the welfare of elderly are increasing each passing day.In this study, we will attempt to put out social care for the elderly, access to health services, the extent to which they benefit from social services, assistance on the basis of their social problems and needs of the elderly in Turkey. In summary the work carried out in elderly welfare in Turkey will be evaluated and discussed in a framework of the social work and policy and the recommendations would be developed.

Keywords:social work, elderly, elderly welfare, social care for the elderly, social services for the elderly.


Abstract No:2124

Policies and Practices for Employment of disabled people in TurkeyKasım Karataş,Yaser Snoubar

Department of social work, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

Working and protection from unemployment, are among the social and basic rights and freedoms of individuals. Individual and social importance of working is related to human needs. People's needs, whether they are physically challenged or not are basically the same. Living in safety with the basic requirements such as food, clothing, shelter, belonging to a society, meeting the productivity and other personal needs, is important for every human and this is greatly related to working. The requirements of every human being should be met just because they are human and should never be subject to discrimination.Employment problem is the major obstacle in the integration of disabled people within society. Employment issues related physically challenged persons in Turkey may be considered in three main headings: First, preparing people with disabilities for employment; vocational training and rehabilitation issues. Second, the employment of disabled people; the problems faced when seeking for employment and work. Third, are the problems faced by people with disabilities who are employed in the business life. Having a job is very important for the disabled people to live in harmony and live comfortably within society. Disabled people cannot by themselves be a burden to their families and societies as they are unable to contribute to their societies as a result of unemployment. In this study, the policies and practices regarding employment of people with disabilities in Turkey will be evaluated.

Keywords:disability, vocational training and rehabilitation, disability employment, business life problems


Abstract No:2127

THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE APPLICATION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AT THE LEVEL OF PROVINCE

Mustafa KOCAOGLU,Mustafa KOCAOGLU,Dilek FERUDUN,Departmen of Public Administration, University of Ahi Evran, Kırsehir,

Turkiye

Last years, based on the changes appeared on the axis of development, economic development appears in the axis of the classic conception of the development of social and environmental concerns, instead of considering the concept of a sustainable development that is turning. The main action areas of sustainable development are environment, economics, managerial and institutional restructuring and the social values. With the understanding resulted from a variety of applications the principles of sustainable development appears as viability, quality of life, justice, integration, accountability, participation and empowerment; and as the conditions, democracy-participation, long-term vision, consistency-determination, determination of priorities, joint sharing of social and economic costs, education and awareness, the emphasis on quality rather than quantity with the cooperation and governance is generally accepted. The most concrete application of sustainable development is the micro scale and shows itself at the local level.In this study, first of all, the concept of development analyzed in different levels. Then, the concept of sustainable development is a multi-directional from the perspective of a defined, especially in local-level sustainable development practices to be based on the sustainable development and application indicators are to be expressed in the themes. In this context, Kırşehir province, Turkey in the framework of the examination of the sustainable development of the process of development is appropriate. This is the reason why citizens who live in Kırşehir practised the survey and a variety of statistical analysis that has been applied as a result of a data set has been reached.

Keywords:Development, Sustainable Development, Indicators of Sustainable Development


Abstract No:2128

Modern Turkısh LitteratureA.Mecit Canatak

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi

The Story of Deep Seated Turkısh Family: OsmanoflarKenan Hulusi Koray is considered that one and only storytellers of Yedi Mesaleciler. Yedi Mesaleciler as known first literary society of Republic period of Turkish literature. Osmanoflar is the first novel of author. Novel, in moving in that kingdom began to lose the Ottomans in the Balkans, mobs, located on Bulgarian territory of gangs that tells a Turkish family. This novel , but also the history of two centuries, is a portrait of the history of life. Events in 190 . Osmanof brother of one of the leading families of Bulgaria's Karinabad tow ; event are happening among Ahmet, Joseph and Halil. The women in the family, wander the story with spy suspect, Joseph's preoccupation simya in a shack, family, the youngest of Khalil gun collectors and to be a hunter, cuckold husbands, which closed above the secrets of women, are adding to the dramatic tension of the novel.The author's first and only novel Osmanoflar, has a powerful aspect of language. This intensified the narrative novel , tells the story of a mysterious Osmanof family. At the same time that it is a work that reflects the era's political atmosphere.

Keywords:Bulgarians of Turkısh Litterature, Story İn Turkısh Litterature, Yedi Mesaleciler. Kenan Hulusi Koray, Osmanoflar.


Abstract No:2129

Living an archaic word in Anatolian Dialects: ArisilliAli Gul

Ankara Universitesi, Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakultesi, Turk Dili ve Edebiyati Bolumu, Ankara, Turkiye

There are many archaic words, frequently used but needy to explanation of its historical development, in Anatolian dialects. Elucidating historical backgrounds and developmental stages of those words by scientiests, benefits both the people who interested in this topic and academics who study in Turkish Language, teachers and students.

In this presentation, the word “arısilli” (spick) will be focused. This word is used in different regions with its various variants. Historical roots of this word based on Orkhon Inscriptions. It is planned to inform about etymology of the word, uses in historical texts, phonetic changes from past to present, meanings which it gains, currently existing variants and where it is used. In addition to the word “arısilli” some other similar words will be examine with giving less details.

Keywords:Turkish language, Anatolian dialects, arisilli, etymology


Abstract No:2130

TÜRKİYE’DE ÇOCUK ANNELER KADINA YÖNELİK ŞİDDETİN EN AĞIR BİÇİMLERİNDEN BİRİDİR VE ORGANİZE BİR SUÇTUR

Z.Gülser ÖZTUNALI KAYIR,Gülser ÖZTUNALI KAYIRAKDENİZ UNİVERSİTY DEP. ECONOMİC AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATİON SCIENCES

TÜRKİYE’DE ÇOCUK ANNELER KADINA YÖNELİK ŞİDDETİN EN AĞIR BİÇİMLERİNDEN BİRİDİR VE ORGANİZE BİR SUÇTUR

Prof.Dr.Gülser ÖZTUNALI KAYIRAkdeniz Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Kamu Yönetimi Bölümü

[email protected], Antalya-Turkey

Çocuk anneler toplum için büyük bir utançtır ve çözümlenmesi gereken en acil zorunluluktur. Zorla evlendirilme sonucu çok küçük yaşta anne olmanın, kadının bütün yaşamı boyunca fiziksel ruhsal açıdan sağlıksız ve hakları ihlal edilmiş bir yaşam sürmesine neden olmaktadır. Çocuk anneler zorla evlendirilme sonucunda kadının insan hakları ihlal edilmekte tüm yaşamı devlet, aile, hukuk, eğitim, ekonomik ve siyasal kurumlar tarafından kolektif, onganize bir suç işlenerek gerçekleşmekte ve çocuğun kadınlığı dahil, tüm yaşamı ipotek altına alınmaktadır. Çocuk yaşta evlendirilmenin cinsel, ekonomik, sosyal, psikolojik, fiziksel, insan ticareti, cinskırım olmak üzere kadına yönelik tüm şiddet türlerini içeren nitelikleri göz ardı edilmekte ve toplumsal trajediye dönüşmekte, çocuk intiharları artmaktadır.

Kavramsal dil birliği ve veri toplama sorunları yaşanmaktadır. Çocuk yaşta veya erken yaşta evlendirilme, çocuk gelinler gibi kavramlar birbiri yerine kullanılmakta, suçun meşrulaştırılması sağlanmaktadır. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de çocuk yaşta evlendirilen milyonlarca mutsuz çocuğun ve kadının nüfusa katılması çocuk gebeliklerden kaynaklanan sorunlar ve zorluklarla birlikte, çocuk annelerin sağlık sorunları, eğitimsiz kalmaları, çalışamamaları ve gelecek yaşamlarının kararması anlamına gelmektedir. B.M. Binyıl Hedefleri içinde anne sağlığının korunmasıyla ilgili bölüm bulunsa da çocuk yaşta evlendirilme konusu yer almamaktadır.

Türkiye’de çocuk yaşta evlendirilmenin toplumsal dayanakları, haklar ve sözleşmeler açısından çocuk anne olmanın farklı boyutları, Türkiye’de kadınların özgür seçiminin olmadığı evlendirilme biçimleri sosyolojik bakışla irdelenecektir. Devletin yükümlülükleri ve koruma hizmetlerinin irdelenmesi ve mücadelenin nasıl olması gerektiğine yönelik öneriler

geliştirilmeye çalışılacaktır. Uluslararası, ulusal ve resmi raporlar, B.M. sözleşmeler, Türkiye’den örnekler bu çalışmanın kaynaklarını oluşturacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuk yaşta evlendirme, Çocuk anne, Kadına yönelik şiddet, Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi,Çocuk koruma hizmetleri.

Keywords:Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuk yaşta evlendirme, Çocuk anne, Kadına yönelik şiddet, Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi,Çocuk koruma hizmetleri.


Abstract No:2131

The examination of traumatic stress levels of the parents, who have and does not have a handicapped child, from the aspect of different

variablesSeray Olcay Gul,Burcu Olgunsoylu,Yesim Unal,

Ufuk Universitesi, Egitim Fakultesi, Ankara, Turkiye

Perception of parents having a handicapped child, is a threat to the continuum of their child’s physical integrity and healthy family life as a lifelong traumatic experience, and is quite stressful circumstance. The level of traumatic stress, is related to the intensity of trauma which is experienced by parents. Social support they perceived and the information made when diagnosis is received has a crucial role in this process. The objective of this study is to compare parents who have a handicapped child with parents who have a child rising in a normal development process in terms of traumatic stress level and social support perceived; observe relationship between traumatic stress level and the information made concerning to diagnosis and the social support perceived; and determine whether types of disability have impact on the traumatic stress levels. The sample of this research is comprised of 560 parents, 280 of who have a child, rising in a normal development process, 280 of who have a handicapped child; 40 of these are visually handicapped, 40 of whom are physically handicapped, 40 of whom have hearing-impaired, 40 of whom have learning disability, 60 of whom have mental retardation and 60 of whom have Autism Spectrum Disorder. In order to examine socio-demographic characteristics of the families and their experiences related to diagnosis process, personal information form, Life Events Checklist, Posttraumatic Symptom Scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support have been used. T-test, correlation and variance analysis are being applied when analysing the data. The data are still in the analysis stage.

Keywords:traumatic stress, parents who have handicapped child, social support


Abstract No:2134

Social Media Engagement within the Perspetive of Health Communication in Turkey: Health Facilities' Approach to Social Media

SIRMA OYA TEKVARDepartment of Public Relations and Publication, Management Faculty, Karabuk

Universiy, Karabuk, TURKEY

The research focuses on examining health facilities’ approach to social media within the perspective of health communication in Turkey. Social media have become one of the tools that are being used by communication practitioners, as a result of diffusion of new communication technologies. On the other hand, the concept of health communication has been emerged as a fast developing and increasingly crucial issue in few decades. Two-way communication, which is based on dialogue, has been in the pipeline since the engagement of public and interaction is supposed to be required in public issues including health communication and in health literacy as well. Therefore social media engagement, which is open to interaction and dialogue, has become an emerging field in health facilities. The research was grounded on two questions: How is social media perceived and will social media support the expectations of dialogic communication in health communication? Within this context, a qualitative analysis was made by interviewing in depth with three communication experts in Turkey’s three major health organizations; Ministry of Health as a governmental organization, Turkish Medical Association as a non-profit organization and Acıbadem Hospital as a private company. The findings were discussed through the issues indicated above.

Keywords:social media, health communication, dialogic communication, two-way communication, interaction


Abstract No:2135

Output Metrics of Educational Efficiency: What Really Matters? A Review and Analysis of Current Practices in the United States

Frederic JACOBS,Erik ALDA221 Gray Hall, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington,

DC, 20016

This paper categorizes and defines three categories of output metrics commonly used in the United States to describe and measure “educational efficiency”:

• Outputs that can be counted and measured• Outputs that are intangible, abstract, and difficult to quantify• Outputs that can be identified, but for which there is limited societal (national) consensus among politicians, policymakers, educators, parents, employers, and the society at large

These categories extend the discussion of educational efficiency well beyond the traditional idea that efficiency is “an ability to perform well without wasted resources” (UNESCO, 2004). The paper examines the ways in which outputs in the above categories are used to evaluate current practices and shape future priorities.

In the twenty-first century, federal initiatives in the U.S., notably the No Child Left Behind Act of 2002, rely on quantitative measures, frequently referred to as “high stakes testing,” to determine the efficiency of school systems. There have been increasing challenges to this reliance because such quantitative measures appear to diminish the importance of the “character building” function of schooling that has been a traditional and seminal value of American schools. Thus, increasingly, there has been discord among societal stakeholders about what the appropriate and relevant role of schooling should be in preparing students for productive roles in the society.

Through an examination of current practices, the authors postulate that the use of ill-defined output metrics jeopardizes school systems’ abilities to effectively evaluate “educational efficiency” which, in turn, further fragments societal consensus.

Keywords:educational efficiency, evaluating education, output metrics of education, role of education in society


Abstract No:2136

The Crisis of the Armenian and the Greek Orthodox Patriarchates in Istanbul (1890-1891)Ramazan Erhan Güllü

Department of History, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Türkiye.

One of the most important debates on the Armenian and Greek Orthodox Patriarchates of Abdulhamid era were issues related to the implementation of the regulations of both nations. 1862 Greek Millet Regulation and 1863 Armenian Millet Regulation determined the administrative rules and responsibilities of both religious groups regarding the state. II. Abdulhamid, interpreting some provisions of the above-mentioned regulations as intervention to state’s rights, opposed the implementation of certain substances and appealed the removal of these. In contrast, both patriarchates were tend to interpret this action as an aggression against their once acquired rights. Demands and complaints of the Patriarchates were not limited to this. They demanded the insertion of new substances regarding some spiritual matters, which do not exist in the regulations and the expansion of spiritual privileges. These discussions had led to a severe crisis in the capital in early 1890. Resignation of both patriarchs deepened the crisis. Abdulhamid did not accept the resignations and established a commission to examine the demands of the patriarchates. The commission was to examine functioning of the existing regulations as well as the new the contents of the new subjects. The results of the Commission's work was the acceptance of some new spiritual / political concessions regarding all non-Muslim minorities by the government. In this paper, both the demands of the patriarchates and content of the new spiritual / political concessions will be discussed.

Keywords:Armenian Patriarchate, Ortodox Patriarchate, Abdulhamid II,


Abstract No:2137

“ Hiç kimseye söylememelisin…” : Maxine Hong Kingston’un kadın savaşçı isimli romanında toplumsal cinsiyetçi susturulmuşluk ve kadının sessiz

çığlığı/ “you must not tell anyone…” : Gendered silence and silent female cry in Maxine Hong Kingston’s The Woman

Bulent C. Tanritanir,Bulent C. Tanritanir,,Department of English Language and Literature, University of Yuzuncu Yil,

Van, Turkey

ABSTRACTThis paper which studies the novel beginning with a hard admonition of a mother to her daughter aims at revealing the causes and effects of silencing the women by Chinese and American-Chinese society and the importance of finding the personal voices of women who are suppressed by the patriarchal system in the five different stories told in The Woman Warrior by Maxine Hong Kingston. Kingston argues the gender roles causing women lose their voices and forcing them to be obedient and subservient and she tries to break down this silence by her own words, speeches and stories by also giving some examples from her own personal life. The writer sees herself and some other women as woman warriors who regains their voices to the silenced women and refuses the normative practices of patriarchal society; Emphasizing that a woman can change the society and the world and while doing this, they also can be both a good mother and wife, Kingston writes the stories of both real and legendary women characters who fight for transforming the silenced women into the brave and respected women warriors who have the power of changing the world. The writer who deeply believes in power of speech and words also revolts against the traditional Chinese society that condemns women to silence in her five stories of the aforesaid novel and symbolically plays the role of a heroine that conveys the voice of voiceless and repressed women the stories of whom are told to her readers.

Keywords:The Woman Warrior, male domination, patriarchal system, gendered silence, female voice


Abstract No:2140

Health literacy and agingCİGDEM YEL

Department of Sociology, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey

Health literacy is very vital for all of the people to protect their health. National Adult L iteracy Survey which was founded in 1992 give importance to this subject. This organisation pointed out that individuals be able to understand and use health information services. Understanding health literacy depend upon not only patients but also health care providers. This process also have importance for elder people.There are various effects that affected the health literacy such as education degree,economical status, knowledge of health,physical and pyschological changes support of family and friends. Aim of this article is discussing the effects of these factors for elder people and effects for their health literacy.Also evaluate diffrerent part of this subject for elder people.

Keywords:healthy literacy, aging, Turkey.


Abstract No:2141

Theological Foundation of Existence and Purpose of Human BeingMUSTAFA HOPAÇ,mustafa hopaç

Ordu Üniversitesi-Eğitim Fakültesi, öğretim üyesi.

The changes continuously occurring in the universe are precursors of existence and dissolutions that are predecessors of re-existence. This process of thesis and anti-thesis process persistently. While we are able to talk about the universe that is visible to us, we can only speculate about the universes that are beyond our perception, or we feel contented with what Quran and hadith have informed us about. Our ability to assess the cycle of existence and dissolution in the visible universe is limited to the capability of our senses. The cases of existence and dissolution we come across at any time gives us the opportunity to evaluate our own existence and dissolution. It brings about the questions such as: What is the significance of us as human beings? Who are we? Where did we come from and where are we heading to? Births and deaths, namely existence and dissolution, always follow one another. It seems that a superior mind controls everything. He commands “Exist” and beings form. He commands “Perish” and beings disappear from the stage of beings and are replaced by other beings. This chain of existence and dissolution is never disrupted. Each and every existence and dissolution happens swiftly and easily.

Keywords:Keywords: humans, existence, dissolution, universe, atom


Abstract No:2142

The Role of Social Perseption on Prevention of Honor KillingsRÜSTEM ERKAN

Deparmentt of Sociology, University of Dice, Diyatbakır, Turkey

The Role of Social Perseption on Prevention of Honor KillingsThe Continuing increase in general women’s murder and of specific honor killings although improvements in the law on womens’s rights, to raise public awareness and education in Turkey shows that we are faced with important social problem. The number of victims of the honer killings in Turkey according to the report of the Human Rights Council, was 233 in 2006 and 231 in 2007 while this number was 159 in 2003. The number of victims of honer killings in the last 5 years has exceeded 1100. The consepts of honor and custom to occur in the generally patriarchal society practices, provides the social legitimacy of this killings. The concept of honor in many regions of the world, is also set in the place of the individual in society. In patriarchal societies men are responsible for the women's honor. The loss of honor is considered as a loss of masculinity in some society. In our society, there are many traditions and discources that legitimizes social events and killings as mentioned of “Is there to honor; die to honor”. The legal arrangements should be made in the prevention of honor killings. Values, language and discourse which are the source of these killings, in other words more or less providing legitimacy, must be rebuilt. The called as a “honor killings” that this killings, legitimacy this women’s murders. The media, academia, law needs to reorganize their language and discourse. This women’s murders only be referred to as murder without using consepts such as “custom and honor”, would be an important step.

Keywords:Honor Killings, Woman, Violence,Turkey


Abstract No:2143

Kurdish issue: The Social Causes and SolutionsEROL BULUT

Department of Sociology, Universty of Ordu, Ordu, Turkey

The purpose of this study is to describ the social causes and solutions to Kurdish issue and terrorism in Turkey which has been going on for more than 30 years. For this purpose, 200 surveys were applied to the administrative board members of 22 NGOs in Diyarbakir. According to results, NGOs have a view that suppression of political representation, increased repression and violence in the region due to forced migration, state of emergency and disregard of cultural rights especially education in native language are the main reasons of Kurdish issue and terrorism.In addition, majority of the NGO members who participated the survey believe that the Kurdish identity should be recognized in constitution, education in native language should be allowed and practices like village guard system must be removed as necessary steps for the solution of problem. Nearly half of the responders see autonomy rights and release of Abdullah Ocalan as the necessary steps to be taken for the solution of problem.

Keywords:Terror, Kurdish Issue, NGO, Turkey, PKK


Abstract No:2147

Ortaokul 6. 7. ve 8. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Depreme Yönelik Tutumlarının Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi: Simav Depremi

Osman YILMAZ,Osman YILMAZ,Gülşen ALTINTAŞ,İlköğretim Bölümü, Eğitim Fakültesi, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Burdur

Türkiye

The purpose of this study was to investigate the earthquake and attitudes of the middle school 6th, 7th. And 8th. students according to various variables. The study employs descriptive method. Research data were gathered by survey questionnaire, personal information and "Earthquake Scale" . The study sample 2014 - 2015 academic year, 197 students in 75th Year constitutes Secondary Education Institutions. The relationship between the students ‘ attitudes and their gender, grade level and their age was assessed. In the analysis, so the frequency is not observed in the group next to them because the normal distribution with non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. According to the results of the elementary school students' attitudes towards gender between the point of the earthquake, there is no significant difference in grade level and age.

Keywords:Primary Schools, Earthquake, Attitudes towards earthquake


Abstract No:2148

USING DIGITAL STORYTELLING IN PHYSICS INSTRUCTIONSerhat KOCAKAYA,Ferit KARAKOYUN,Nihat KOTLUK,

Department of Physics Education, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, TURKEY

Advances in information and communication technology in 21st century have led to changes in education trends and today new concepts such as computer, multimedia, audio, video, animation and internet have become an indispensable part of life. The storytelling is the one of approach which is allowed to using technology in educational field. The aim of this study is to define the use of digital storytelling in physics instruction as a education tool. In this respect, the literature related to digital storytelling was analyzed and for applying it in practice, 13 pre-service teachers from department of physic education were trained on digital storytelling for 6 weeks in spring term of 2013-2014 academic year. Following the process of instruction, pre-service teachers created and shared digital stories in youtube and evaluated all of them. Furthermore, opinions of the pre-service teachers were asked on digital story telling. According to result; pre-service teachers have stated that they enhanced their understanding of physics and improved skills of researching and synthesizing as well as that taking an active part in the process motivated them. Also, they stated that the digital storytelling enhanced their 21st century skills such as Cognitive Domain (critical thinking, literacy, reasoning, argumentation, and innovation), Intrapersonal Domain ((flexibility, initiative, appreciation for diversity, and metacognition (ability to reflect on own learning)) and Interpersonal Domain (communication, responsibility, and conflict resolution).As a result, it is expected that using digital storytelling in physics instruction as a education tool will be efficacious.

Keywords:Digital storytelling, Physics Instruction, Education tools


Abstract No:2150

The Birth of Multiculturalism As a Concept: Recognition of Postmodernity and Cultural Diversity

Emrullah TürkBatman Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Sosyoloji Bölümü

Multiculturalism is a concept that was used extensively in many debates social area that include recognition of differences and resolution process of issues relating to diversity especially in the last half-century. The main purpose of this study is to reveal the structure of multiculturalism that wins sense of togetherness in heterogeneous multicultural society and start level of the political debate and to evaluate literature on multiculturalism in a critical perspective and comparatively. In other words, study tries to examine the concept of multiculturalism with the social and political developments and theoretical foundation of concept. In addition, it is aimed that to understand how postmodernity contains the concept of multiculturalism because the concept of multiculturalism is associated with the birth of postmodernity and conceptualization of it.

Keywords:Multiculturalism, Postmodernity, Identity, Recognition of Cultural Difference


Abstract No:2151

STRUGGLE OF BASQUES IN HISTORICAL PROCESS STRUGGLE OF BASQUES IN HISTORICAL PROCESS

NİHAL ASLAN,Nihal Aslanfırat üniversity

Devotion to freedom and independence of nations has given rise to many wars over the world since in the earlier stages of history of humanity. The societies where gained liberty and independence gave incredible fights to retain this right. These fights have been continued from past to present of the world and nations, and it is likely to continue forever.The bitter struggle of Basque people, which is an example of the struggle of independence, was examined in this study. Basque nation is a nation which has continued the idea of independence since 1812 and then has carried it to the political arena. Basque nationalists carry on their activities with ETA organization which was emerged in 1959 and their efforts have become the more announcement thanks to ETA in the world. ETA, which was active between 1959-2011 years, was taken from 850 lives with bloody attack during defending the right of the independence.The small sparks led to large fires in the residents who fight for independence of Basque region as a result of suppressing the demand of freedom with Franco's dictatorship. Requesting the under control of public`s wishes instead of finding reasonable solutions to the wishes in the repressive regimes lead to people more agitated. However, it does not change the fact that they will continue to push ahead with determined and hard steps for their purpose of freedom.The purpose of this study is to examine whether they are justified in the struggle of independence for Basques people, to what extent are effective in the intimidation of the people and the nations and also whether they carry this fight by legal means. The study is a literature review and the documentary screening technique was used in the study.

Keywords:Basque country, ETA, Struggle of Independence


Abstract No:2157

Ottoman-Russian İnflunce Struggle on Wallachia-Moldavia (1783-1792)Sinan YÜKSEL,Sinan YÜKSEL

Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey

After Russian 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea, Wallachia and Moldavia gained more importance for Ottoman State.After annexation of Crimea, Russia tried to both consolidate his position in Black Sea and focus on Wallachia and Moldavia. It was possible that Wallachia and Moldavia land provide some economic, military and financial superiority for Russia. Moreover, by taking these lands, Russia can both protect Crimea and also to conquer Balkan lands Wallachia and Moldavia could be a kind of base against Ottomans.To protect themselves from aggressive Russian politics after annexation of Crimea, Ottomans initially strengthened to Wallachia and Moldavia defensive positions. In addition to that, Ottoman State followed closely activities of Russian missions.In this framework, struggle for influence between Russia and Ottoman State on Wallachia and Moldavia led to new war in 1787-1792 between Russians and Ottomans.

Keywords:Ottoman State-Russia-Wallachia-Moldavia


Abstract No:2158

Turkey Accounting Standard 11: Construction Contracts StandardHaci Arif TUNCEZ

Kozagac Mevki Selcuk Universitesi Aksehir MYO Aksehir Konya

Organized by the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) 41 standards has been translated into Turkish by the name of the Turkey Accounting Standard (TMS). One of them is TMS 11 Construction Contracts. The purpose of the TMS 11 Construction Contracts Standard is to define how to calculate and record the cost and revenue construction activity and to precise the time of booking of those cost and revenues.There are two accounting methods for construction contracts. These are completed contract method and percentage of completion method. According to Turkey legal laws the completed contract method is used. But according to IAS 11, the percentage of completion method is used to account the construction contracts. This study porpose to examine the accounting in relation to the construction contracts whin the frame of both methods and to emphasize the resultant differences of them.

Keywords:TAS 11, Construction Contracts, Completed Contract Method


Abstract No:2159

Incidence of General Self-efficacy Among First Year Hospitality Management Students in Ireland

Clement H RyanSchool of Hospitality Management, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal

Brugha Street, Dublin 3, Ireland

First year students in Ireland studying in the Institute of Technology (IOT) sector are up to three times more likely to drop out of their courses than those in universities. An average of 9% of first-year students on level eight programmes do not continue to second year in that course; this rises to an average of 22% in the IOTs. Non-progression is even higher among first-year students on level seven programmes with rates averaging 26%, and sometimes rising to 33%.Self-efficacy (SE) is an individual’s assessment of, or belief in, his/her ability to carry out actions in order to reach goals. SE affects the level of performance goals the adolescent sets for him/herself, so stronger SE leads to more ambitious goals. SE involves self-belief acquired and modified through four sources of information or experiences (personal performance accomplishments; vicarious learning; social persuasion, and psychological and effective states). Personal accomplishment is the most powerful source of SE. Adolescents who underestimate their efficacy tend to give up more easily, set lower performance goals, suffer from debilitating performance anxiety, and avoid challenges, even when they are capable of meeting these challenges. Using the General Self-efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995) this paper proposes to measure the level of SE among first year hospitality management students at Dublin Institute of Technology, making a comparative analysis between those studying on level seven and level eight programmes. The identification of low SE can assist with targeting interventions and possibly help reduce drop-out rates.

Keywords:Self-efficacy, progression rates, drop-out rates, adolescence


Abstract No:2160

LANGUAGE SIMPLIFICATION WORKS FROM ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS TO NEW LANGUAGE ACTMustafa Aydemir

Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Faculty of Science and Literature, Agri-Turkey

Language which is the basic of national identification heads a list of the factors which combines the societies and enables them to sustain. That Turkish had become complicated since 10th century when it got under the effect of Arabic and Persian caused anti movements and attracted the attentions to the language. The purpose of these facilities is to simplify the literary language and to enable it to get close to public language I mean to localize.The efforts of language simplification and the formation of rules although these conscious attempts were done individually started in Administrative Reforms. This delay prevented both the development of Turkish and decreased the literacy since it removed the possibility of its use as educational language.After the development of nationalism based on the language that became widespread among the minorities in the Ottoman Empire together with the Political Reforms, the Turkish intellectuals also tended towards simplifying the language. The purpose of this study is to determine the attempts of simplifying the language from the Reforms to the New Language Act and the contributions of our intellectuals.Within this respect in the introduction part of our study that consists of introduction and three parts, after mentioning about the historical development and features of language simplification works, the studies of Reform Era, Servet-I Fünun Era, National Literary Era about their studies related to the language have been focused.In the first part; it’s been mentioned how the attempts of Şinasi in Reform Era to simplify the language have been continued by the intellectuals such as Ziya Pasha, Namık Kemal, Ahmet Mithat, Şemseddin Sami.In the second part, it’s been mentioned about the attempts of Servet-I Fünun to prevent the efforts of simplifying the language which started in the Reform Era, and the language has been made elaborate and ornate again.In the third part, the benefits of New Language Movement accepted as the beginning of National Literature which is the natural result of the Westernization Movements which started with Reforms, the attempts were expanded. And in the conclusion part, an overall assessment has been made.

Keywords:Language simplification, New Language, Reform Era, Servet- Fünun Era


Abstract No:2162

REPRESENTATION OF LEFT-WING PERSPECTIVES TO THE DEMOCRAT PARTY RULING IN RURAL AND URBAN NOVELS: THE CASE OF KURTLAR SOFRASI AND ONUNCU KÖY

Ferhat Cetinkaya,Ferhat ÇetinkayaDicle Üniversitesi / Edebiyat Fak. / Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Böl. /

Diyarbakır

The period between 1950 and 1960 in Turkish Society was the decade of Democrat Party (DP), which was elected as the ruling party. As a party mostly catering to conservative masses, DP achieved major breakthroughs particularly in economic and political systems and also faced criticism due to some of its policies. Needless to say, these changes reflected in art and literature as well. Attila İlhan and Fakir Baykurt –two authors who were known as dissidents and prominent left-wing supporters– wrote novels that precisely reflected the sociopolitical situation of that period. Of these novels, we chose one novel by each author as the samples of this study, both of which not only reflect the sociological situation of the period but also include the behaviors of the characters typical to this period.The novel called KurtlarSofrası by Attila İlhan, presents a fictional portrayal of the social problems pertaining to the pre-27-May-1960 periods (i.e., the periods before the 1960 Turkish coup d'état) and it mainly revolves around the overwhelming corruption in the urban life. These problems, in the novel, originate from interpersonal relationships and attain the peak level through the corruptions triggered by the initiation of foreign investments .In Fakir Baykurt’s Onuncu Köy, the villagers are exploited both by DP-backed units and the DP representatives. A teacher in the novel, who graduates from the Village Institutes (In Turkish; Köy Enstitüleri, which was a group of co-ed, public, boarding, normal schools that were operational between 1940 and 1954 in Turkey), attempts to break up this system.The common ground between these two novels is the critical perspective to the DP ruling of the period. This perspective is reflected both by the hero villager in Fakir Baykurt’s novel and the hero city-dweller in Attila İlhan’s novel who acted against the ruling party. Furthermore, both novels were written before May 27but published after May 27.

Keywords:Kurtlar Sofrası, Onuncu Köy, Fakir Baykurt, Attila İlhan, Demokrat Parti


Abstract No:2163

Computer-based animation of city walls of Antakya City and thoughts about the urbanization period in the past

Kayhan KAPLAN,Kayhan KAPLANHatay Altınözü Belediyesi

In this study, Antakya city walls constructed in several period and the city gates which make it possible to access to city are examined and an attempt is made to produce opinions about the city size, population and outdoor areas. With small parts of Antakya city wall standing in our days, Antakya city walls are predicted to be more than 20 km long and to accommodate more than 300 towers in Hellenistic Period. In addition, there are gates which create the city connection on the city walls. These gates are magnificent structures and provide information about architectural characteristics of the period. Although the city walls lose its importance in the following centuries, the gates continue its existence as the most important centers where the public gathers and has a rest. In this study, Antakya city walls and gates in the Hellenistic period are animated with the computer-supported three-dimensional views. In modeling the city walls and gates, a great deal of gravures, pictures and historical photos are used as well as many archeological excavation reports made in several periods. Though eventually impossible to bring together the pieces with these images, these kinds of computer-aided visualizations and reassembling studies helped to better explain original design of an artwork, review its historical development and understand its remaining.In this study, the aim is to have chance to understand the architectural and historical connections within the entirety of the region generally and also people and buildings with the help of three-dimensional building presentations prepared on the basis of historical information.

Keywords:Antakya, Antioch, digital archeology, city gates, 3d modeling


Abstract No:2164

Determination of the Personal Hygiene Knowledge and Practices of Catering Staff

Munevver ARISOY,Aslı UCAR,Funda Pınar CAKIROGLU,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics,University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey

In addition to suitable material choice and environment, staff that are working in production are important. Because kitchen staff are directly in contact with food. Most important problem when enabling hygiene for kitchen staff is vector problem. In a lots of study showed that personel hygiene knowledge of kitchen staff were inadequate. In this study it was aimed that to determine the personal hygiene knowledge and practices of catering staff.The study was made with 270 catering staff (34 cooks, 5 assistant cook, 190 waiters, 29 dishwashers, 12 cleaners). To determine personal hygiene knowledge 13 multiple choice questions were asked. Correct answers were given 2 points (max=26 points). To determine personal hygiene practices 27 multiple choice questions were asked. Correct practices were given 1 points (max=27 points). For analysing the data SPSS program was used. In research, duty of catering staff were taken as variable and convenient statistical analysises were done.70.4% of participants were waiters, 12.6% of participants were assistant cook, 10.7% of participants were dishwashers, 4.4% of participants were cleaners and 1.9% of participants were cooks. Mean personal hygiene scores were 15.59±4.57, mean practice scores were 20.58±2.9. Head cooks had highest knowledge sores and dishwashers had highest practice scores. Hygiene knowledge scores of assistant cooks and cleaners were lower then other staff. Relationship between duty and personal hygiene knowledge scores was found important, relationship between job and personal hygiene practice knowledge was found unimportant.Duty of catering staff is directly related to human health and staff have to have full information and put into practice to this knowledge. In the end, it was determined that personal hygiene knowledge and practices of catering staff were inadequate.

Keywords:catering staff, personal hygiene knowledge, personal hygiene practices


Abstract No:2166

Content Analysis of Entrepreneurship Skills in the 4th and 5th Gade Social Sciences Coursebooks belonging to the curriculum of 2004

Nuriye In,Yücel GelişliAnkara Sosyal Bilimler Üniversitesi, Hükümet Meydanı No: 2 PK: 06030 Ulus,

Altındağ, ANKARA

Entrepreneurship is a significant element for transforming the potential of high young people population of Turkey into an economic opportunity. Although entrepreneurship has been taught at some departments of universities and some of the vocational high schools recently, it isn’t adequate to develop entrepreneurship in Turkey. Considering these facts, the aim of the study is to analyse how entrepreneurship skills are taught in the Social Sciences Course Books conveying entrepreneurship skills perceptibly. The study was limited with two Social Sciences course books of the fourth and fifth grades belonging to 2004. Entrepreneurship skills analysed in this study were selected from the entrepreneurship skills existed in the curriculum of 2004 and the related literature which involves entrepreneurship. In addition, these skills were categories into three groups like personal, communicational and economical. Descriptive method was used in this research. The data was acquired via content analysis, assessed and indicated with tables showing frequency and percentage. The results of the study revealed that personal skills like being ambitious, taking risks, exploiting opportunities, working hard, reliability, the need for achievement, taking initiative and leadership are found less than innovativeness, productivity, creativity and responsibility. Moreover, persuading which is one of the communicational skills is found less than the other communicational skill which is working with others/collaborating. Lastly, economical skills like knowing basic concepts of economy and the roles of people in the economy were found more than getting to know occupations and work places, getting to know successful entrepreneurs and the challenges of entrepreneurship.

Keywords:Entrepreneurship, social sciences course books, entrepreneurship skills


Abstract No:2167

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BUDGETARY POLICIES IN ENSURING FISCAL DISCIPLINE: SEVERAL COUNTRIES REVIEWS

Gamze Cimen,Gamze Cimen,Mahmut Akif Güven,GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ İKTİSADİ VE İDARİ BİLİMLER FAKÜLTESİ MALİYE

BÖLÜMÜ

Budget policy, is emerging as an important element that forms the basic economics of a country’s policy. Budget policy, taxation, public expenditure and borrowing to balance the country's macro-economic tools such as intervention means. Therefore, budgets for each year represents a country's income and expenses as well as being documents, plan compositions, income structure and borrowing in the context of the country's macro-economic policies that give direction to the layout appears to be an important tool. A deficit of the budget, it will not only be the financial consequences of the surplus or equivalent, as well as political, economic and social consequences will occur. A number of factors in the determination of budgetary policies can be said to be effective. One of these factors is fiscal discipline. The widest definition of the concept of fiscal discipline, a state within the scope of the public finances, public revenue and expense of equivalence, i.e. one fiscal year in order to finance public public revenues expenses we can expressed in the form. However, the results of their budgetary policies of the countries, even the most advanced countries in the budget revenue and expenditure are fully corresponded to each other periods show that is quite rare. The world's largest United States as the economy has shown even faced with the problem of the budget deficit.Especially social welfare State concept of the fore and the public with economic developments occurring in recent increases in public spending could not be provided in public revenue and, consequently, budget deficits and therefore damage to the concept of fiscal discipline has been raised.The impact on the fiscal discipline of the budget policies implemented in this study will be analyzed. At this point, in some countries will be under evaluation activities implemented in the direction of ensuring fiscal discipline and budget policy will be made in a number of suggestions.

Keywords:Fiscal disciplin, budget policy, taxation


Abstract No:2168

Bedri Rahmi Eyuboglu Reproduction Museum for Children and Young Art Education, “Museum Education with Three Thousand Students in Three

Months”Malik Dogan,Malik Dogan,Ufuk Saridede,

Kocaeli Fine Arts High School, Department of Fine Arts, Kartepe, Kocaeli, Turkey

The study of the Project performed about Fine Arts designed by deceased Bedri Rahmi Eyuboglu in 1937 and it’s planned with an article, ‘’ Reproductıon Museums’’ at the same year in July in İstanbul in 1995.At this mentioned article the author shortly touch on that we need to see a great number of good paıntıngs fort he general improvement of visual civility Under the conditions of that time, the writer talked about art love and the progress of it and also fort he spreadıng of the pleasure of art all over the country the worldwide known Works of the art history with their original dimensions and letter quality Reproduction Museums are really crucial and implemented tools.By the means of estabilshing a configuration that we can take the results envisaged in the article, notably the education of museum literatüre and application examples, the data has been gathered by a compherensive studyunder the areas such as, the sense of requirement in the visual arts education lessons in different grades of formal and informal education, the practicability of it with the existing circillum, whether there are any application examples and the reproducion concept.As well as the examples of our country, the unıted states of America New York Modern Art Museum and Chicago Instutition an observation about the museum education practise has been carried out on the steps of a journey under taken on ‘’ Identification Analisis, İnterpretation and Trial’’.Under light of the obtained data the Project passed Implementation Stage, Forty_one worlf famous painting of the canvas , the true dimensions of creating a reproduction of the museum, which consist of digital dimensions of the printing on the date of initial application to 02.11.2011 regarding the Project GOSB (Gebze Organized Indurtrial Zone) TECHNOPARKS INC. (Corporation)was started in the Art Gallery.Simultaneously, the second application of events with ten reproduction Kocaeli Fine Arts High School was created in order to carry out ‘’ Reproduction Corridor Project’’.With this two practice the museum education activities are performed by creating two different pilot area with the specified sample group of people who will take part in the main application.

The purpose of the museum education Project on feedback obtained during this application process, art criticism skills, critical thinking skills and so on.compliance with the objectives of the Project content and validity issues have been met needs for data reliability and necessary interventions were made.Then the ‘‘Tree Months Three Thousand Students with Museum Education’’ objective and the ‘World’s Treasures are coming İzmir’ a more compherensive application has been designed under the same content.GOSB scope of this Project _ Technopark Inc., İzmit District Education Directorate are located in the Munıcipality of İzmit Project stakeholders. In practise, all educational expenses, including the cost of reproduction will be used GOSB _Technopark Inc. By the Project will work with the practitioner status of human resources ( teachers, students) created by the İzmit District Directorate of Education, the allocation of the exhibition hall will carry out the Project and operating costs were covered by the Municipality of İzmit.A full day training service Project on the date of 26/02/2013 content for teachers was carried out under the prject. This training is attended by İzmir Distirict Education Directorate within the boundaries of the public and a total of one hundred and fifty hundred – fifty teachers of different schools, by the private sector.The participant teachers are preferred and chosen on the area of Visual Arts Education. The schools that there isn’t any visual arts teavher, the participation was requested by respectively Technology and Design Teachers, Classroom Teachers, History Teachers and Social Studies Teachers.The process of the Project which is as a practical and theoretical context of the participating teachers inservice training:_The activities and practises before going to the Repruduction Museum,_The practises and activities which will be made at the Reproduction Museum,_The practises and activities that will be done after returning from Production Museum,Under these headlines they are sharedFor the teachers that are in-service training participating the content will be used within the museum education activities prepared a folder of all documents before and in-service training has been delivered. The contents, the education content and the documents in the folder shared with the teachers that they work at the same school by themselves and extended. In addition they also reproduced the museum education documents from the content of the folder that they performed with their students the Project content at the reproduction museum. At the end of the date 31/05/2013, the point it was determined, the Project reached its goals and exceeded three thousand students in three months. Along with the quantitative goals, the qualitatıve targets also back on how we reached that target on the participating school teacher represantatives from behavioral changes they observed in the students participating in the event were compiled.In line with this feedback ;_ With the reproduction museum Project, in the education and practises of museum education, there happened a positive effect on the students’ willingness on joining visual arts activities,-Within the scope of Reproduction Museum Project ‘ Identification, Analysis, Interpretation and Trial ‘ of museum education application progress at stage art, students assess the impacts on the development of skills can be observed very clearly,

_ Within the scope of Reproduction Museum Project , the skills of critical thinking of the participating students in the Project there obtained a positive impact,_ Students who participate in the context of the ongoing applications of the Reproduction Museum Project, led the results that were found to have a significant impact on the development of visual literacy skills.With the obtained datas, the result of this Project it is certainly impossible to say the qualified artist deceased Bedri Rahmi Eyuboğlu who wrote ‘Reproduction Museums’ in 1937 foresees possible advantages and realizable aims about visual progress. Within the scope of the Project, Reproduction Museums in the article, it is certainly possible to express that the structured Project performed in formal and common-public education grades the necessity as an educational tool and generalize it.

Keywords:Reproduction Museum, Museum Education, Visual Training, Art Criticism, Critical Thoughts


Abstract No:2169

EXPLORING REVERSE LOGICSTICS ACTIVITIES ON WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR AEGEAN REGION MARINAS OF TURKEY (LATEST FORM)

Gunes Acelya Sipahi,Res. Assist. Batuhan Cullu,Assist. Prof. Didem Tezsurucu,Assist. Prof. Kamil Bircan

Yenikent District, 89 Street, Nu: 8, Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Business Administration Soke, Aydin, Turkey

Humankind have always had the passion for exploring the world since the early ages. Thus, they frequently used seaways to make their desire possible. The prosperity spreaded worldwide after WWII, caused an increase in individual yachting. Correspondingly, the number of the marinas that provide services and shelters rose to satisfy the needs of yachtes and their owners.As soon as a yacht sails, it begins to collect liquid (e.g. bilge water, sewer water) and solid waste up to a limited level in its own tanks. This limitation creates need for discharging services at certain points on route which are provided by marinas. Also marinas are in charge of recycling/ disposing waste created by marina’s upper facilities (e.g. restaurants) under the rules of Ministry Of Environment & Urbanization.Reverse logistics is the process of moving goods from their typical final destination for the purpose of capturing value, or proper disposal. From this point of view, reverse logistics is critical for marinas’ efficiency.This study aims to explore usage of reverse logistics activities in marinas’ waste management which are located at the Aegean Region. In accordance to this purpose, data have been collected by using in-depth interviews as qualitative research method. Interviews were performed by phone with managers of marinas which are located Aegean Region of Turkey.The lack of literature about waste management of marinas by the point of logistics view; makes this research unique and instructive for future studies.

Keywords:marina, reverse, logistics, waste, yacht


Abstract No:2171

Beliefs in Miraculous Healing and Religiosity among Medical Students and Physicians

Hasan KAPLAN,Melike Nazlı KAPLANDepartment of Religion and Phlosophy, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University,

Canakkale TURKEY

Do doctors believe in God and miracles? What is their attitude toward religious patient? Do they believe in miraculous heling? Both patients' religious commitments and religious attitudes of physicians are known to influence the experiences of illness and their medical decisions. Yet little is known about the religious characteristics of physicians or how physicians' religious attitude shape the clinical encounter. The aim of this research is to find out the religious characteristics of doctors and medical students. Study was conducted in Çanakkale-Turkey. 78 physicians ( % 47 women, % 53 men) and 220 medical students (%52 Women, %48 men) were surveyed. Respondents were asked to fill out an anonymous questionnaire containing five items self-rate religiosity scale and questions related to belief in miracles and miraculous healings. Results indicate that significant number of physicians believe in God and consider themselves moderately religious. We found significant differences between first-second year medical students and those of advanced students in their studies (third, fourth, fifth and the sixth year) in their religious characteristics and attitudes. It seems, as expected, the more they advanced in their studies the less they are religious. And surprisingly, the situation is reversed when it comes to physicians; the more they advanced in their career the more they are religious.

Keywords:Health, Medicine, Religion, Miracles, Miraculous Healings, Medical Students


Abstract No:2175

Testing the effects of the Ramadan in Istanbul Stock Exchange with Garch Models

Murat Akbalik,Murat AkbalikDepartment of Capital Markets, University of Marmara, İstanbul, Turkey

Although there are many studies regarding testing of calender effects in Istanbul stock Exchange, there are limited studies about the effects of ramadan.In this study, the period of 08.05.1997-24.10.2014 (Hicri 1 Muharram 1418-30 Dhu'l-Hijja 1435) was tested by using GARCH (1,1) model in terms of Istanbul stock exhange 30, 100, national market, second national market, sectors and subsectors,In some models, Ramadan dumy didn’t rate significant coefficient values.The models in which Ramadan dumy rated significant value, coefficient of this variable is negative.This indicates that rate of returns in second national index, industrial and banking sectors, paper, chemistry, metal commodity, textile, tourism, transportation, investment trust subsectors were affected negatively.In the next studies, validity of this result can be tested by making analysis with alternative methods like/as GJR-Garch. In accordance with findings/evidences of this study, it can be said that volume of business decreases in many sectors in Ramadan, so it reflects the income of the stocks of these sectors.

Keywords:Effects of Ramadan , BIST, GARCH, Anomaly, Calendar effects


Abstract No:2177

Marital Property Between the Couples in Turkish Law and marinalar property if one part is foreign

Cigdem Mine Yilmaz,Çiğdem Mine yilmazDepartmanı of Civil,University of Uludag, Bursa, Turkey

In this article, topics such as problems with the marital property between the spouses and the cases regarding the family properties ever since the Turkish Civil Code number taken 4721 has taken effect since 01.01.2002 and other marital property problems if one of the spouse is foreign and one of is Turkish

Keywords:Marital property, acquired and private property during the marriage


Abstract No:2178

The Relationship Between Tourism Education and Career Tendencies in The Industry: A Researche on Undergraduates Students.Fehmi Volkan Akyon,Sule Aydin Tukelturk,Gokce Karakoc,

Emergency and Disaster Management Departmen, Health School Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale Turkey

The main objective of this research is to identify the career tendencies of the undergraduate students getting tourism education. In this sense, how the undergraduate tourism education which the students get and their internships in the tourism sector which they experience effect the undergradute students’ determination of the direction of their career choices are the other objectives.The field of this study includes the 11 universities giving undergraduate education on tourism from different cities in Turkey and the 818 undergraduate students which are selected randomly compose the sample of the research. The target group of this study consists of the 3rd and the 4th grade students and the research is limited by the answers given by those selected group of students.At this research; the five factors evaluating the attitudes of the undergraduate students on the industry are obtained. These factors are; working conditions, wage level, tourism education, alternative sectors and respectability. As a result of the research, it’s been understood that the students find the tourism sector’s working conditions hard. It is seen that, the students have doubts about the working conditions but after examining all of the variables together, the students seem to be pleased about the working conditions. The students who chose the tourism education by theirselves belive that they will gain respect in the tourism sector and their tendency to work in other sectors seem to be poor.

Keywords:Tourism education, Career tendency, Employment opportunities, Undergraduate education.


Abstract No:2179

Factors Affecting Service Quality Perceptions of High-Speed Train PassengersAlper Ates

Seyahat İşletmeciliği ve Turizm Rehberliği Bölümü Turizm Fakültesi Selçuk Üniversitesi Aladdin Keykubat Kampüsü Selçuklu Konya

High-speed train is a type of rail transport which is significantly faster than traditional train and using an integrated complex system of specialized rolling stock and dedicated tracks. The first such system which was known as the bullet train began operations in Japan in 1964. Since the first high-speed train service began in Japan, HST service gains in travelling times and lower operational costs can be expected. This transportation technology became operational after nearly 50 years in Turkey. This service named as “Yuksek Hizli Tren” by TCDD. YHT (high-speed train) is the Turkish State Railways high-speed rail service currently operating on three routes: Ankara to Istanbul via Eskişehir, Ankara to Konya and Eskişehir to Konya. Since 2009, 17.600.000 passengers have used this service. The aim of this study is to examine the relations between the service quality, perceived value and customer satisfaction. In this study to evaluate the high-speed train (YHT) passengers’ satisfaction with high-speed service, various survey based analyses have been used. Research data are obtained from the passengers who traveled with YHT.

Keywords:Service quality, perceived value, customer satisfaction, public transportation


Abstract No:2184

Messages to Bourgeois and War MakersMemet Metin Barlık

Yüzüncü Yıl University, The Faculty of Letters, The Department of English Language and Literature

Abstract“Poetry, … makes nothing happen; but war makes poetry happen” (Kendal, 2006 p. 2) says Tim Kendal, and asserts that the poetry created by war is ‘serious’ and reflects the ‘truths’. And “the truth told by war poets encompass the ‘exultation’ of war as well as the futility, … and they transform the senseless horrors, … violence, death, atrocity into the pleasing formal aesthetics of art”. (Ibid) Whether the creators of war poetry cared about ‘aesthetics’ is not known, but there is an explicit reality: the poets have messages to the God, next generations and to the patrons of war makers, the bourgeois.In this study, messages to war makers and bourgeois within the poems of the war poets of 1914 to 1918; Rupert Brooke (1887-1915), Siegfried Sassoon (1886-1967), Isaac Rosenberg (1890-1918) and Wilfred Owen (1893-1918) will be analyzed with New Historical Criticism.

Keywords:Key words: war poetry, Rupert Brooke, Siegfried Sassoon, Isaac Rosenberg, Wilfred Owen, bourgeois.


Abstract No:2186

Web 3.0 in Marketing Communications Dinçer Atli

Abstract Nowadays, new developments in internet technology can be outlined by the transformation of the Web 1.0 into Web 2.0, the emergence of semantic web technologies and their fulfillment into Web 3.0 and, principally, the development of social networks, which have created new forms of competition between businesses (Berners-Lee et al., 2001). Keywords: Marketing Communications, Web .3.0, Semantik Web, Communications


Abstract No:2189

WHY DO SCHOOL-AGE CHİLDREN WORKEkber TOMUL

The Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of Education,Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15100 Burdur, Turkey

Child labor is still an important problem in Turkey as well as in the world. According to ILO reports, it is estimated that there are 250 million children in age 5 -14 group involved in child labor and 283 million children in age12-17 group can not attend the school as they work. This study aims to determine the factors that make the schoolchildren work according to 2012 Child Labour Questionnaire Results.For the study, 2012 Child Labour Questionnaire Results, carried out by Turkish Statistical Institute, were used. In the study, children, who are working for daily wage , were examined in terms of attending the school, gender, accommodation unit, economic sector , reason for not attending the school, wage, size of household, education level of responsible person for household variables. In the analysis of data, descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA and regression analysis techniques were used.According to the results of 2012 Child Labour Questionnaires, the number of children in 6-17 age group is 15 million 427 thousand . %5,9 of these children work (are engaged in an economic activity). %8,5 do not attend the school. 842 children work for daily wage. %54,3 of them work to make an economic contribution to the household income.%27,6 work to learn and acquire a profession, %2,4 work as their family wants. %12,6 work to meet their needs and %3,2 work because of other reasons.%23,5 of the children that work for daily wage is girl an %76 is boy. %74,8 of these children live in the cities and %24,2 in rural areas. %39,5 of the children that work for daily wage attend the school and %60,5 do not attend. %20,5 of these children have responsible person for household that did not graduate from any school, %63,8 of them have responsible person for household who graduated from primary school. %57,8 of them live in houses that consist of 5 or more persons.It can be said that in general working children live in cities, haave crowded families, drop out the school at early ages and work to make an economic contribution to their families.

Keywords:Child Labour, Leave School, Why Work


Abstract No:2193

Investigation of the Childhood Traumatic Experince and Resilience Level of Adolescents in Terms of Perceived Social Suport Level

ZELİHA TRAS,AYSEGUL TURAN,ZELİHA TRAS,NECMETTİN ERBAKAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF GUIDANCE AND

PSYCHOLOGICAL COOUNSELLING

In this study, childhood traumatic experience level and resilience level of adolescents were investigated in terms of perceived social suport level.Research was maintained as suitable for general scan model and 567 person were studied to be sample whose 348 were female and 219 of them were male.As data collection instrument personal identity form, Childhood Traumatic Experince Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and California Resilience Evaluation Scale version of high school were used. In analysis of data, T test variance analysis, LSD, Pearson Moments Corelation techniques and simple regression analysis were used. All statistical analysis were carried out by SPSS 16.0 software.According to data, average points of male students limit of physical sexual and emotional abuse scales were significacntly higher than female students. However, limit of preservative friend relationship, emphaty, aim and missing scale average points of female students were significantly higher than male students.Variable of age have significant effects on physical, emotional abuse, preservative relationships and expectations in society and home, possibilities of meaningful participation, preservative relationships and expectations in school, preservative relationships in social friend groups, competence, awareness, aims, missings and problem solving scale. Perceived friend, family and teacher social support was negative correlation with limit of physical sexual and emotional abuse scales and positive correlation with resilience scale. These variables are important predictors of childhood traumatic experiences and resilience to be seen.

Keywords:Adolescent, Childhood Traumatic Experince, Resilience, Perceived Social Support


Abstract No:2194

High School Students’ Metaphorical Perceptions Towards LaboratoryI.Umit Yapici

Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Education, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey

The purpose of the study was to determine and analyze high school students’ metaphors about laboratory concept. The study was carried out with 223 high school students in Diyarbakır, Turkey. The data were gathered through a form which included the phrase “Laboratory is similar to/same as………….., because ………………………”. For the data analysis, the content analysis technique was used. The results were discussed in the light of the literature, and related suggestions were put forward accordingly.

Keywords:Laboratory, metaphor, high school students.


Abstract No:2195

THE PERCEPTION OF SOCIAL STATUS AND THE LANGUAGE OF CLOTHES IN TURKISH CINEMA

Mahmut GUNGOR,Sukran AKPINARDepartmen of Fashion Design, Ipek University, Ankara/Turkey

Cinema is the reflection of real life into the silver screen. However, these reflections mostly present the ruthlessness in real life, economic and emotional deficiencies to audience, being softened. For instance, the poor are combined to one another with stronger ties, seeking for sheer bliss – knowing that money cannot buy everything. The rich have two types; one being nouveau riche – despising the ones around and having changed their sentiments with money. The second, however, deserve to have become rich from rugs. They never forget their traditional values with strong family ties surrounded by their relatives and being tolerant is their basic philosophy of life. Within social life, “social status” through which profession, career, the quarter they live in, the house they dwell in, the real estate they own, the vehicles they drive, the holidays they go on, and primarily the clothes they wear are all transferred into the movies in the same way. Because, the definitions of these criteria have already ingrained in the mindset of the audience. A patched jacket or trousers symbolize poverty, a coat with fur collar meaning wealth. The reason why the audience sympathizes with the character they watch is because of this mindset. However, the relation between real life and movies is of controversies. In real life, while the poor are the least loved, they could be the most favorites in movies. In real life the rich are the most respected whereas they might be totally rejected by the audience in movies. Cinema is an art of signs. Each costume, accessories, setting corresponds with persons, situations and status depicted by the designs. The social acceptance towards these also determines the semiotics reflected from the silver screen. The relation between costumes and cinema is the most remarkable field of study. When this relationship has been taken into account from the point of view of representation, culture and meaning, then the parallelism and controversies will be clearer since what is shown might be transferred. Costumes are not only visual richness but also a direct symbol of status. Cinema, being as a means of visual culture, is the courier of such status symbols. While the definitions of status within daily life are being conveyed to cinema, the determiners of status is regenerated. The depictions of status outpoured from cinema and social clichés are fed in this way.

The aim of this study is to study the social status signs through clothes in cinematic representation and analyse this representation via the social realism, contrasting them with social acceptances.

Keywords:Social Status,Clothes, Language of Clothes, Cinema, Turkish Cinema.


Abstract No:2196

IDENTITY CRISES IN TURKISH CINEMA; TRANSITION FROM MACHOISM TO THE AGGRIEVED

Sukran AKPINAR,Mahmut GUNGORIpek University,School of Cinematic Arts, Department of Film Making,

Ankara/Turkey

Popular cinema is always the transmitter of wishes and demands collectively accepted. The incessant recurrence of such transmissions in a sure way of increasing acceptance amidst societies leading towards modernization. Recurrence is always ideological. It eases the proliferation of behaviors and emotions to be internalized. In traditional societies, relations between men and women, family ties, relations between parents and children have been subjected to strict rules. Cliché judgements determine the emergence and development of such relations. The way the relations between father and son, mother and daughter is reflected from the silver screen are the depictions of natural structure of the society. The convergence of such relations via the discourse of social development and/or modernization is westernization and later the consequence of globalization in 1080s. The male figure in 1960 to 1975, called “Yeşilçam Cinema” was a macho, rough and intolerant character, yet being helpful towards the aggrieved. He was symbolized with his coat on his shoulders with a white kerchief. Chasity is a vital notion for him, legitimizing his right to kill! The relation between brother and sister could be continues only if chastity is preserved. Especially when the sister has an affair, she would definitely be rejected. The male antagonists in such movies “write the book of manhood”, designing the social gender roles from male point of view. The transition of male characters from being a macho to the aggrieved dates back to 1990s. During these years, the society changed, women being the pivotal figure in working life. Women adopted their identity and emphasized their economic freedom on every occasion. Though male-dominated visions posed nostalgia, the economic, cultural and social hardships made the new male figure accepted by the society. The male figures in 1990s depict introvert, helpless, timid and depressed characters, suffering from inferiority complex. Their helplessness by their spouses lead to identity crises, transforming their macho identity into the aggrieved. The aim of this study is to study the judgements asserted – taken from two different periods. These movies will be analyzed through the semiotic and

social restructuring techniques, the reasons and the consequences of the radical changes the male characters went through will be debated.

Keywords:Cinema,Turkish Cinema, Identity Crisis, Machoism, Aggrieved


Abstract No:2197

The Effect Of Financial And Trade Openness On Economic Growth In Turkey

Esma Gultekin,Esma Gultekin,Ali Kocyigit,Department of Economics, University of Firat

In this study, the effect of financial and trade openness on economic growth for the period of 1992Q1-2012Q3 in Turkish economy was examined. For this purpose Dickey-Fuller (1979) and Phillips-Perron (1988) traditional unit root tests were applied. In order to demonstrate the structural breaks in variables, Zivot-Andrews test (1992) that takes into account only internal breaks and Lee-Strazizich test (20003-2004) taking into account double internal breaks were used. In order to identify causality relationships between variables, Vector Autoregressive method developed by Sims (1980) was used, and to bring out the casuality in the frequency domain, the causality test developed by Breitung and Candelon (2006) was applied. According to the results, causality relationship was observed in short and medium term while no relationship was encountered in the long term.

Keywords:Trade Openness, Financial Openness, Economic Growth, Causality


Abstract No:2199

A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE TO CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE VIA TAXATION: THE CASE OF TURKEY

EBRU ACIK TURGUTER,Ebru Acık Turguter,ZEYNEP MUFTUOGLU HOŞ,Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University Turkey, Department of Sociology no:29

For centuries, rulers and governments have been making decisions according to their sovereignities that have consequences on individuals. The use of the taxation power is one of the main elements of sovereignity since the establishment of states and it is applied frequently by the rulers and governments. One can see that, individuals showed mass reactions to unfair decisions of governers especially to unfair and heavy taxes many times in the history. In sociological and legal doctrine, these reactions are classified in two groups such as passive resistance and active resistance and the main passive resistances are civil disobedience movements. Civil disobedience is a concept that brought forward by Thoreau in the 19th against poll taxes in the name of combat against slavery. The civil disobedience against the salt tax conducted by Gandhi in the 20th century weakened the authority of the British rule in India. In many cases like these, it can be said that civil disobedience plays an important role in certain developments. Civil disobedience stands at the crossroads of law and sociology due to its consequences. Therefore, in this study, history of civil disobedience will be analyzed with the perspectives of law and sociology. Considering this process, the study will focus on tax-based examples of civil disobedience since 2000 in Turkey. Consequently, probable consequences of the non- violent actions in which the conscience of individuals are held in the forefront will be discussed through a critical perspective.

Keywords:law,sociology,civil disobedience,passive resistance


Abstract No:2200

Children’s playgrounds and sculptureHunkar Yilmaz

Kocaeli University,Faculty of Fine Art ,Department of Sculpture, 41300 Izmit-,Kocaeli

The chances for the children to play in their own streets has decreased in the growing cities and the need for building secure children’s playgrounds arranged for the children to play games in the urban structure has increased. For that reason a great importance must be attached to the issue of playing games for children, which has a significant impact on the development of the child and shaping of his/her character in the urban structure, and to the design of children’s playgrounds which meet the different physical and spiritual needs of children from different age groups. Today the children’s playgrounds have become places which not only cretae the possibility of carrying out physical activities but also places where children can develope their creativity, socialise, enrich their imaginative power and explore and discover nature. Within this scope, artists have also taken part in the design of the playing grounds and have designed sculptures in which children can play, in other words, which are playgrounds themselves. Specialists from various fields as well as artists have taken part in the design of the projects of the children’s playgrounds which have been taken up as public areas in which the children spend time with their parents and these designs and the type of toys used there in which have become rather monotype have changed and become diversified within the course of time.As a result, the children’s playgrounds are gaining an increasing importance in today’s cities, especially in the city centers. The children’s playgrounds which are indispensable from the point of view of the physical, mental and spritual development of the children can serve that purpose when they have been designed as places which don'the only make it possible for children to practice physical activities but as places which enable them to socialize, enrich their imagination and enable them to explore and discover nature. Within this context, the proliferation of children’s playgrounds in the urban design and participation of various specialists and especially artists in the design of these areas shall make it possible to create the areas which meet the needs of the children for physical and spiritual development at the urban scale.

Keywords:Playgrounds, sculpture, city


Abstract No:2201

Egitim Fakultesi Ogrencilerinin Hak Arama Ozgurlugune Ilıskin Gorusleri

Puren Uzum,Cengiz AkcayIzmir

Bu araştırmanın ana amacı, eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin hak arama özgürlüğü ile ilgili görüşlerini belirlemektir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde alt amaçlar; eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin temel haklar ve özgürlüklerle ilgili ne derecede bilgi sahibi olduklarını belirlemek; öğrencilerin eğitim hakkına ilişkin hak arama özgürlüğüyle ve hak arama yollarıyla ilgili ne derecede bilgi sahibi olduklarını belirlemek ve hak arama özgürlüğü çerçevesinde devlete, yargıya ve vatandaşlara ait sorumluluklar konusunda neler düşündükleri belirlenmek olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca hak arama özgürlüğüne ilişkin cinsiyet, öğrencinin okuduğu bölüm ve sınıf değişkenleri açısından farklılık olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden anket veri toplama aracı ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın amaçlarına paralel olarak alanyazından hak arama özgürlüğüne ilişkin likert tipinde yapılandırılmış bir anket geliştirilerek eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini küme örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Gaziantep Üniversitesi, Eğitim Fakültesi, üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri ile formasyon öğrencileri örneklemi oluşturmaktadır. Anketin güvenilirliği Cronbach’s Alpha değeri ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgular ve sonuç bölümleri henüz tamamlanmamıştır. Bu bölümler tam metin gönderme süresine kadar tamamlanacaktır.

Keywords:Hak Arama Özgürlüğü, Temel Hak ve Özgürlükler, Eğitim Hakkı


Abstract No:2204

EVALUATING PERCEPTIONS OF SYRIAN CHILD REFUGEES THROUGH DRAWINGSRAZIYE PEKSEN AKCA,RAZIYE PEKSEN AKCA,GULEN BARAN,HANIFE AKGUL

CHILD DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMANT, ERCIYES UNIVERSITY DEVELI HUSEYIN SAHIN VOCATIONAL , KAYSERI

Drawing picture is an expression tool that enables us to meet a child in terms of psycho-pedagogical assessment and it reveals clues about child’s intelligence level, personality characteristics, internal world which is related with intimate environmental characteristics. Additionally, this enjoyable method allows child to maintain a communication between him/her and external world. In this context, 20 immigrant children (M=10; F=10) from the first grade of primary school whose family had been living in Kayseri for 6 – 12 months were evaluated by the way of drawing picture which is known as a projective method. Sample of this study consisted of children attending to first grade at Kayseri Temporary Education Facility in spring term of 2014-2015 academic years. Study group was determined according to criterion sampling method. Basic characteristic of this sample was being formed according to certain criterions determined previously (Yıldırım ve Şimşek, 2013). In this context, those criterions were identified as following: “Immigration from Syria due to civil war”, “Inhabiting in province of Kayseri”, “Living in Kayseri within last 6-12 months” and “willingness to participate”. Data about sociodemographic characteristics of children and families was collected by using “Child Identification Form” and eventually, pictures drawn by children were evaluated. Classroom, in where the children drew pictures was designed in a pattern that avoids interactivity and distractibility. Children were provided a drawing paper with 12 coloured crayons and they were instructed to “draw a picture about favourite game activity that they used to play before they immigrated to Turkey”. There was no time limit in drawing session. Children were asked to explain their picture and those explanations were noted as separately. In this process, an independent translator and an expert counsellor provided support to researcher. Quantitative data obtained was analysed by using QSR NVivo 10 software. Analysis involved descriptive analysis technique. In conclusion, it was found that children used national symbols such as flag (10) and Arabic alphabet (5), painted facts related with war (8), used almost all of the colours, and drew war materials as bigger. It was observed that children preferred to draw slide (9), ball (9), swing (7), and weapon (4) as game tools in general.

Keywords:Game perception, Immigrant Children, Picture


Abstract No:2206

An overview of the customer e-complaints made to the foreign tour operators about Turkish tourism and its effect to the service

Ceyhun C. Kilinc,Alper ATES,Mehmet SAHIN,Ali KELESDepartment of Tourism Management, University of Selcuk, Turkey

The aim of this study is to determine the extent of the effects of the e-complaints made to the foreign tour operators in 2013 about Turkish tourism on operatör selections, customer preferences and the service quality. Therefore the data have been classified, grouped and the e-complaints have been distributed and also ordered according to the precedence. This study is significant, as the findings of the research may provide an insight to the future for a sustainable tourism and it is great importance to determine the effects of e-complaints on the increase of the service quality.

Keywords:Customer, e-complaints, tour operators


Abstract No:2207

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGE OF 3-6 YEARS OLD CHILDREN ACCORDING TO MOTHER WORKING CONDITIONS

HANIFE AKGUL,HANIFE AKGUL,RAZIYE PEKSEN AKCA,CHILD DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMANT, ERCIYES UNIVERSITESI SOCIAL SCIENCE

VOCATIONAL, KAYSERI,TURKEY

The purpose of this study is to identify social development of the age of 3-6 years old children i.e, pre-school children, in whether their working and non –working mother. The policy space of this research is try to evaluate pre-school children status/situation around Kayseri, Central Anatolian city, for the years of 2012-2013 academic period. In this study, research / sampling group is determined by random examples. During the data collections it is used “Marmara Social-Emotional Harmony Survey/Scale/Measurement” developed by Işık(2006) for between age of 60-72 months children. At this scale is choosen only surve/scale method in which consist 19 items and five likert types. This scale is applied to 57 girls and 43 boys totally 100 children. The findings of this scale of KMO’s coefficient (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) is 0,916. Bartlett’s Sphericity test result is found as 6.187,491. As a result of this study, according to sample prove that data are the multifactor structure. The evaluatiating factor analysis results, the scale consist of 19 items and 4 factors. After factor analysis, it is found some other results, these are; the Cronbach Alpha Confidential Coefficient is.863; Spearman Brown Corelation Coefficient is .813; and Guttman Split-half Coefficient is .801. The Test-Retest Continuiation Coefficient of the Scale is .826.To evaluate pre-school children’s social development/progress, we have considered their mother working position. In this study, 59 percent of mothers of samples pre-school children have a job, 39 percent of them have a licence and master degree, i.e, highly educated. If it is looked at the their (the pre-school children) family income data, it has found that 54 percent of them have earned between 1.000 Turkish Liras (in National Currency)- 3.000 Turkish Liras monthly. This monthly income is as a considered middle income family. The results of Social Behaviour Scale shows that working mother’s children are 59 percent more friendly, easy comunicated, and resposible child than non-working mother’s children. The other resulf of this study is similar the sharing class equipments at the school. It means, working and non-working mothers children show same behaviour in sharing class equipments, nearly same rate, as a 21 percent. If it is compared working and non-working mother’s children’s commuinication

rate of with one’s match/peer, saying “sometimes” answer nearly equal, araound 8 percent.

Keywords:Social Development, Working Mother, Non-working mother, Pre-school Children.


Abstract No:2208

An unfocused socio-political novel within the development process of Turkish novel: Katırcıoğlu

Osman GündüzAtatürk Üniversitesi KKEF Türkçe Eğitimi Böl. Erzurum-Türkiye

An unfocused socio-political novel within the development process of Turkish novel: Katırcıoğlu The importance of the novel of Katırcıoğlu by Enis Avni, under the pseudonym of Aka Gündüz, arises from its being a historical novel and its manner of approaching on the subject rather than its literary value. Unequivocally; there are nearly fifteen novels inspired from historical events and published in the second constitutionalist period which this book was also published in. However; these novels were confined within the borders of their written era and only served as materials for sociology and literature historians. The most important reason leading us to this verdict is the fact that these novels were built under the influence of their period’s political powers which had given the path to review and interpret the historical events not within the frame of a critical approach, but a Turkist and romantic attitude. Enis Avni, contrarily, takes a different tact in his novel of Katırcıoğlu which was published in the same period. In essence, he remarks and draws attention to conflicts between central and provincial administrations, lack of confidence and tarnished state authority even if he pretends to criticize four centuries before his time. It also enhances the significance of the novel as the events happen in Anatolia.

Keywords:KEY WORDS: Katırcıoğlu, Anatolian novel, Aka Gündüz/Enis Avni, Second constitutionalist period novel


Abstract No:2209

Media Discourses on Nation Branding in Post-Communist Romania: A Social Constructivist Approach

Bianca CheregiExpozitiei Boulevard, 30A, Bucharest, Romania

This paper discusses about the media frames used by the Romanian journalists in talking about the country image and the nation brand. In doing so, it focuses on the discursive construction of nation branding and on the roles of the journalists in shaping the public discourse.

In Romania, nation branding is a public issue discussed in the media, raising the question of why a country brand is needed. Romanian journalists started debating about the nation brand soon after the country started to promote its image in order to attract potential investors, diplomats or tourists.

The debate regarding the national image is connected to the contribution of social actors like journalists, intellectuals and brand consultants in shaping the public discourse. This leads to a wider discussion about negotiated interactions between the public sphere (media, the intellectual elite and brand specialists) and the audience (Romanian citizens).

Using a qualitative content analysis (Schreier, 2012) and media frames analysis (Entman, 1993), this paper analyzes 53 news articles about the nation brand and national image building problem in four Romanian newspapers (Adevărul, Gândul, Jurnalul Național, Dilema Veche), published during January 2011 – March 2014.

The results show that four dominant frames emerge: nationalism (discourses on national identity used by the journalists), neoliberal commercialism (the marketability of nation branding initiatives), cultural values (culture as a practice involved in promoting a country), and country image (the public image of Romania internationally) frames.

Keywords:nation branding, media discourses, framing, qualitative content analysis, public sphere


Abstract No:2210

HUMOUR IN CEMAL SÜREYA’S POEMSTacettin Şimşek

Atatürk Üniversitesi Kazım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi Türkçe Eğitimi Bölümü Erzurum Türkiye

Humour means jokularity, hilarity, derision et cetera. Different forms of it were used in our poetic history. Humour was used in Divan (Ottoman) Poetry, Tanzimat -reform- Era and Garip -strange- Movement and also it was explicitly used by Cemal Süreya, one of the İkinci Yeni -Second New- Poets. Cemal Süreya used humour funcionally in his poems. He applied for humour to defend himself against dolent and tragic events and situations that he confronted in his personal life. He maked social events and political authority subject to his humour. He expressed his objections and oppositions towards governing vs governed conflicts and ideological approaches through humour.

Keywords:In this announcement, the sources of humour in Cemal Süreya’s poems will be determined and functions of humour will be analyzed.


Abstract No:2211

TURKS IN PANAIT ISTRATI'S WORKSAbdulkerim Dinç

Atatürk Üniversitesi, Kâzım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi Yoncalık Erzurum Türkiye

Romanian originated French author Panait Istrati, born in Bralia on 11th August 1884, died in Bucarest on 16th April 1935.

Although some of his cornerstone works as "Kyra Kyralina" and "The Thistles of the Bărăgan" were written in French,Istratı remains as a Romanian author by means of inspiring themes. It would be accurate to recall his works written in his mother tongue such as “Trecut si viitor- Past and Future”, “Spovedania unui invis- Confessions of a Loser”.

Romain Rolland, expresses thoughts about him by a single sentence: “Panait Istrati is The Maxim Gorky of the Balkans”.

His major works could be listed as: The Thistles of the Bărăgan (1928), Kyra Kyralina (1933), Uncle Anghel, Codine, Mediterranean (Sunrise), Mediterranean (Sunset), Tsatsa-Minnka etc.

Panait Istrati mentioned about Turks in some of his novels. He also used Turkish characters in his novels in addition to evaluating Turkish cultural identities and manners.

Within this paper, it is aimed to make analysis on Turkish characters and opinions about Turks in Panait Istrati's novels.

Keywords:Panait Istrati, roman, Turks


Abstract No:2212

The Relationship Between Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention: A Review of Literature

Mehmet SAHIN,Alper ATES,Ceyhun C. KILINC,Kozagac Mevki Selçuk Üniversitesi Aksehir MYO Akşehir KONYA

Organizational commitment is the degree to which employees have faith in and acknowledge organization’s objectives and want to remain with the organization. Employees who are involved in decision-making processes and who adopt the organization’s goals and values are likely to be committed to the organization. Turnover intention is a destructive and active action showed by the employees when they are unsatisfied with their job conditions. Although a turnover intention is accepted as a direct sign of turnover behavior in literature, there are various factors contributing to the development of that behavior. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between organizational commitment and turnover intention. For this purpose, the researches done on this subject in Turkey have been examined and the results have been evaluated. As a result of the evaluation, it is concluded that organizational commitment has a highly strong and negative impact on turnover intention.

Keywords:Organizational commitment, Turnover Intention, Intention to Quit


Abstract No:2213

NEW SOCIAL MOVEMENTS IN TURKEY AND THE ROLE OF ALTERNETIVE MEDIA IN FRAMING CONTENTION: THE CASE OF OTHERS’ POST

Oya Acet,,,Middle East Technical University, Department of Sociology, Ankara, Turkey

The study of social movements has been a quite lively, complex and major field of research in sociology especially since 1960s. Defined in various ways, social movements have a strong link with social change whether it is a change of perspective or a system. Such a hope for change surely goes hand in hand with the structural transformations occurred in global scale and their reflections on cultural, political and social realms in different places and times. In line with this trend, the emergence of “new” social movements, its peculiar characteristics and demands have been reinforced by the characteristics, which are intensifying globalization, detraditionalization and high level of self-reflexivity, illustrated by Anthony Giddens in his theory of late modernity. Therefore, in this framework, identity gains the central importance and it becomes the reference point of the rights and the demands. In other words, although the concept of “class” is still an important element in the formation of social movements, its articulation with the concept of “identity” reveals a more comprehensive picture regarding the nature of new social movements. In light of this structural formation, it is clear that new media and information and communication technologies have been an inevitable part of the new social movements for various reasons such as raising public awareness, disseminating information and building solidarity. Through use of these technologies, we experience a radical transformation in the nature of activism and being “political” supported by new conceptions of citizenship, community, participation, expression, solidarity and repertoires of contention. Herein, social media remains as perfectly suited space for contentious politics. Therefore, referring to the fact that social movements cannot be constricted to a series of events, it is an ongoing contention reflecting its existence in various times and places through the acts of ordinary citizens, in this paper, Others’ Post (Ötekilerin Postası) as one of the most successful examples of alternative media in Turkey broadcasting on social media will be analyzed through its role in framing contention. Throughout the paper, through the lens of Others’ Post, I will illustrate the peculiar public space where different fractions of new social movements in Turkey has reached the level of maturation and declared their claims during the Gezi Protests in 2013.

Keywords:alternative media, contention, new social movements, citizenship, public space


Abstract No:2214

The Importance of Nutrition Education During Preschool Period *Hulya YARDIMCI, **Fatma Ozgun ORMECI, *Ayşe Ozfer OZCELIK, *Metin Saip SURUCUOGLU * Ankara University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara, Türkiye ** Middle East Technical University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara/Türkiye Nutrition is the study of determining and analyzing how the body uses food for energy and growth. In addition, nutrition is also the investigation about how the nutrients affect the body to maintain its health and how to protect itself from chronic diseases. Therefore, nutrition education is vital to adopt healthy life habits. Eating habits are usually developed during childhood. It is gained in pre-school period and it can affect the later periods of life. Education is the transformation process through which the knowledge can be gained by means of instructional methods turning firstly into attitudes, then to the behavior of a person. The earlier it starts, the more effective it is. That is why, trainings provided at pre-school times can be considered as a future investment considering the fact that the basis of healthy eating habits is constructed at early ages. Thus, the aim of nutrition education is to provide training about how to adopt an adequate and balanced diet, eliminating unhealthy nutrition habits, using food sources economically by improving nutrition conditions and protecting the wellbeing of body. By providing children with nutrition training during pre-school period, it possible to shape their future eating habits. Keywords:Preschool period, importance, nutrition education, eating habits


Abstract No:2216

Mega Events As A Tool In Urban TransformationEmre Cengiz,Emre Cengiz,İlknur Gül,Pelin Pınar Özden

Istanbul University, Faculty of Political Science, Department of Public Administration, Istanbul, Turkey

Throughout history, cities have changed and transformed by many events and developments. Particularly with the Industrial Revolution, cities have become the main focus of economic and social transformation. After 1980’s, as terms like “global cities” and “rival cities” were born, cities earned a great importance and even overshadowed the countries in a global scale. Thus, international events have become very important enterprises in terms of augmenting the competitiveness and the gravitational force of the cities. Urban change/transformation activities happening in order to regenerate the events started to confront purpose-tool conflict. Since the international events (sports, cultural, economic, etc.) are now considered as tools to increase the competitiveness of the cities in terms of global scale, their main purpose is now a little bit altered. The term “mega events” is defined as internationally important sports, cultural, artistic activities that reflect the culture and values of the place in which they are organised. The cities in which these events are organised attract the public opinion and thus become a focal point of the transformation with urban marketing strategies. In this study, the effects of the mega events on the urban transformation will be researched. The changing process of the mega events that they have been going through since they were first organised will be analysed in historical process, and the dynamics behind the change will be explained considering some examples from the world. In this context, the impacts of the projects/facilities made for the mega events over the social life will be examined and the effects of the projects to the quotidian life after the events will be researched.

Keywords:Mega Events, Urban Transformation, Globalisation


Abstract No:2219

An Unknown Novel, An Unknown Novelist: Belkıs Sami, I Have Killed My Love

Reyhan Tutumlu Serdar,Ali SerdarSabancı University School of Languages

In our project, titled “History of Serial Novels in Turkish Literature (1831-1928)” (project number 113K497) which is supported by TÜBİTAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey), since May 2014 we have been examining periodicals which were printed in Arabic script and the serial novels published in those periodicals were identified and digitalized. In our research we have discovered a novel and a novelist of which have not been recorded in any history of Turkish literature sources or anthologies. The name of the novel which was serialized in Son Saat newspaper is I Have Killed My Love, and it was written by Belkıs Sami (Boyar).It is hard to find comprehensive biographical sources about Belkıs Sami. Yet by the investigations after the discovery of the serial, we have reached some significant information about the author. Belkıs Sami was sister of Halide Edip Adıvar who is a well-known women of letters of republican period and she was married to Ali Sami Boyar who is also a well-known painter. Belkıs Sami worked as high school teacher and her translations which were mainly from English literature had been published: Little Women (1925), The Coral Island (1927), King Henry VIII. (1947), Romeo and Juliet (1947) are some of the translations made by Balkıs Sami. Belkıs Sami died in 14 May 1966.The protagonist of I Have Killed My Love is Ferhunde Hanım, who is the wife of musician Fuat Bey and, also the narrator of novel. Ferhunde Hanım’s sister of love Mesture, her husband’s mistress Melike, and young and handsome Ferit Bey who has just returned from abroad are other notable characters of novel. The life of upper classes’ during the early republican era is displayed in the novel. Regarding narrative techniques novel has a loose structure, however in terms of perception of body, relationship between men and women, and their representations novel displays a fertile narrative. With this discovery of new novel and new author Turkish literature is enriched.

Keywords:Belkıs Sami (Boyar), I Have Killed My Love, serial novel, narratology, psychoanalysis


Abstract No:2220

A Study of Texts in Social Studies 4th Grade Text Books in Point of Historical Subjects Type and Theme

Nihat Karaer,Nihat KaraerCelal Bayar Üniverty

The purpose of this study is to analyze of 4th grade Social Studies textbooks used in historical subjects prepared by two different publishing companies and recommended by the Ministry of Education in terms of form and themes. While one of the two textbooks, belonging to Evrensel publication, is mostly being used in private schools, the one, belonging to Başak publications, is prefered by public schools. In this respect, this study aims to examine historical texts in first level elementary education Social Science textbooks. 2006 specified the features you need to move the text in the social studies curriculum, emphasizing instead the importance of the text type and theme of the program. Taught in the 2014-2015 academic year, prepared by the Research Ministry of Education Publisher textbooks are used. Providing information in both fictional and literary genre, is an important criterion in the selection of text located in the textbook. Does not sufficiently take place in the textbooks we have about text types. Genres, giving information with fictional genres and themes in the textbook evaluation was made by comparing.

Keywords:Social Science, Fiction Literary Genre, information that literary genre.


Abstract No:2221

Coffeehouses in Our Day: Are they cultural reproduction places or functional public spheres?

Ali Esgin,Ziynet BahadırInonu University Faculty of Arts and Sciences Department of Sociology

Coffeehouses always take an important place and function in Turkey’s social structure. As coffeehouses are the indispensable factors of the cultural texture with their historical continuity and traditionalism, they have always been effective public spheres where social communication is intensive and political and daily issues are discussed. In Turkey, they attract attention as city’s public spheres, social communication networks, entertainment and time killing spaces, and social and personal representation places. However, it is claimed that coffeehouses in our day change with regards to their social functions, the location in public sphere definitions and effects on the cultural structures. In recent studies concerning to the issue, it is expressed that those places have lost their quality of being a public sphere and an important part of their positive functions, and they yet have become the social inertia headquarters. Have cultural functions of coffeehouses actually changed? Have they become social inertia spaces which are incompatible with public sphere definitions? Or as it is in the definition of Bourdieu’s cultural reproduction definition, have they taken the form of places where signs and practices become concrete and dominance mechanisms are reproduced?In this study, status of coffeehouses in modern Turkey, what functions they undertake and the effects on cultural life are analyzed under basic conceptualizations like Bourdieu’s cultural capital, cultural reproduction and field. All base data about our study have been taken from field research conducted in the cities of Malatya and Sivas, which they are prominent with their coffeehouse population. In this field research, total number of persons was 758 in 48 coffeehouses from both cities, regulars of the coffeehouses have been asked to fill in a 38 item questionnaire and interview has been carried out with the volunteers.

Keywords:Coffeehouses, Turkey, cultural capital, cultural reproduction, Public Sphere


Abstract No:2222

From the Historical Kipchak Turkish to the Modern Karaim Language: A Comparison in Terms of the Case Suffixes / Tarihî Kıpçak Türkçesinden

Çağdaş Karaycaya: İsim Hâl Ekleri Bakımından Bir KarşılaştırmaHuseyin Durgut

Balikesir University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Turkish Language and Literature, Balikesir / TURKEY

The role of the grammatical cases’ category expressing the relationships between the nouns and other words, especially verbs, within the word groups and sentences is very important in the agglutinative languages. The number and functions of the suffixes of this category, formed of the morphemes called case suffixes in the agglutinative languages, differ according to the language. According to its structure Turkish language belongs to the group of agglutinative languages and thus the case suffixes take a very important place within its morphology. The relationship of the modern Karaim language and historical Kipchak Turkish has been pointed out by some of the researchers. After performing the comparative analysis of the case suffixes in the works of the field of the historical Kipchak language, that has been the source of today’s Karaim Turkish, quite a lot of similarities may observed. These similarities are both seen in respect of morphology and function. In this paper, the case suffixes in the works of the field of Kipchak, being the historical heritage of the Karaim Turkish, shall be analyzed using the comparative method. The case suffixes of Codex Cumanicus, Gülistan Tercümesi and other works among the works of historical Kipchak field shall be compared with the modern Karaim language in terms of form and function. Thus the historical relationship between the Kipchak Turkish and modern Karaim language in terms of the case suffixes shall be proved.

Keywords:Karaim language, Kipchak language, case suffixes, comparison


Abstract No:2224

Women Assembly Of The City Council In Terms Of Participation: Bursa Example

Nilgun Kahraman,Nilgun KahramanFirat University, Elazig

Democracy, in its simplest form, is the self-governing of the people. The road of democratization is being realized by the actively participation of people to the management. In this sense, the councils available within the local governments are formations where the democracy locally finds an application area. Agenda 21 was adopted in the United Nations Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, held in 1992. "Local Agenda 21" was being discussed after the Istanbul "Habitat II" Conference of the United Nations held in Turkey in 1996. It was decided to establish a City Council by the Decree of the Council of Ministers, taken in 1997 The establishment of the city council has been officially recognized by Article 76 of the Municipal Act No. 5393 in 2005. Later on, the City Council Regulations have been issued in 2006. The city councils are structures which are based on democracy through the contributions of citizenship awareness and the civil society organizations. A particular attention should be given especially to the women and the youth assemblies in order that the city councils may operate effectively and efficiently.In this study we will focus on how the women’s assembly of Bursa Nilufer council is effective and what are its functions in terms of democracy and local participation. We will also lay an emphasis on whether the city councils, which have been established to facilitate the urban management and which are based on the public participation, have got any negative sides.

Keywords:City, City Council, Women Assembly


Abstract No:2226

ICT, heath, and effectiveness of educationFatma Lorcu,Fatma Lorcu

Trakya University Business Administration Dep. Edirne/Turkey

The impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been felt in almost all sectors that are particularly important in heath sector and education sector. The benefits and positive externalities of the technologies affect not only patients and the health professionals but also the general population and due to health system efficiency. ICT also has had a major impact on the education sector, on organization and on teaching and learning methods. In this study, the relationship between education indicators, health indicators and ICT efficiency have been explained by statistical methods included Canonical Correlation (CC) and Path Analysis Methods (PAM).

Keywords:ICT, health, education


Abstract No:2228

MOTHERHOOD IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION AND NEOLIBERALISMSİbel EZGİN AĞILLI

Department of Sociology, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey

“Motherhood” as an identity is at the intersection point of both individual and social, and on one hand it positions at the focus of the individual’s deepest experiences, on the other hand it contains elements beloning to social realm. The relationships of mothers with their children points out that maternity is something experienced. Motherhood is supported by specific historical, political social, cultural and moral contexts and is shaped by discourses and ideologies related to motherhood experience and responsibility. In this sense, motherhood has some institutional qualities. In addition, the changing cultural, social, political and economic conditions; motherhood, motherhood experiences and practices are reshaped. Therefore, keeps changing in different periods. In neoliberal period, which is also described as the “late modern era”, particularly upper middle-class mothers have adopted the “ethos” of neoliberalism in many different contexts. Mothers, who are living in this globalized world, inevitably establish a connection with ‘ideal’, ‘good’, ‘intensive’ motherhood discourses and ideologies while both constructing their subjective identities. In this way, the modern meaning of motherhood is reconstructed and reshaped. The main topic of this study is to understand how motherhood has been transformed in the historical process. In this context, it theoretically examines how motherhood has evolved in the wake of modern capitalist state, and how it has changed with the implementation of neoliberal policies.

Keywords:Motherhood, Globalization, Neoliberalism, Woman


Abstract No:2230

Mobbing in the Health Sector in Turkey: A Case Study on Mugla’s Health Workers

Serap Ozen,Serap Ozen,Saniye Dedeoglu,Department of Labour Economics and Industrial Relations, University of Mugla

Sıtkı Kocman, Mugla, Turkey

Mobbing is a well-spread phenomenon threatening workers health and widely accepted one of the occupational risks workers face in labour market. In the service sector, especially in the health sector, the probability of health workers become the victims of mobbing much higher when compared to the other sectors. This study has an aim to investigate the extent and the degree of hospital personnel facing mobbing in their workplaces. The study involved 272 workers working in two privately run hospitals and one public hospital in Muğla. The study utilised a questioner involved Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror (LIPT) together with questions regarding the socio-demographic characteristics. By using the objective methodology to measure the degree of mobbing in workplaces, the results were analysed by using SPSS programme. During the year at which the research is conducted, the rate which the hospital workers are exposed to psychological violence is 34,9 percent (95/n) and the rate which the people witnessing a psychological violence event has been found as 21,8 percent. In addition, 61.1 percent of all victims was in the private and 38.9 percent was in the public hospitals. The 60 (57) percent of workers exposed to one or more kind of mobbing actions was male workers while 40 (38) percent was women. Among the occupations that was the least mobbing exposed was nurses (percent 30, n= 28). The most frequent mobbing types that continued almost a year were ‘communication and self-expression’, ‘life quality and occupational position’, and ‘personal attacks’. The findings indicate that the psychological violence is a serious occupational hazard for health workers.

Keywords:psychological violence, mobbing, bullying, organizational psychology, occupational hazard


Abstract No:2233

A Literature Survey: Psychological HarassmentSelver Yildiz Bagdogan

Uludag Universitesi IIBF Cal. Eko. ve End. Ilıs. Görukle Bursa Turkiye

Psychological harassment/mobbing is located for over thirty years in academic studies. There are also several studies in Turkish literature.In this study, using three databases (ULAKBIM / Social Sciences and Humanities directory, EBSCOhost and ASOS Index) such as psychology, business administration, human resources, management, education journals were screened. The keywords used in the search bullying, mobbing, psychological harassment, Thus Turkish literature mobbing / a view about the place of psychological harassment is intended to achieve.

Keywords:Psychological harassment, Mobbing, bullying.


Abstract No:2236

Effect of Education on Healthy life Behaviorİlgi ŞEMİN,Funda İfakat TENGİZ,,

Department of Vocational School of Health Services, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the healthy life style behaviour of students who had taken “Health and Life” course, and the effect of this course on health behaviour.Methods: 47 students who had attended “Health and Life” course in Izmir University of Economics at Fall 2014-2015 participated the study. Students filled a questionairre containing Healthy Life Style Behaviour II Scale (HLSB-II), additional questions about health behaviour (11 item) and about the educational metods, at the first week (pretest) and during the final exam (posttest). HLSB-II scale consists of 52 items and six subcategories (self-actualization, health responsibility, nutrition, physical activity, interpersonal relation, stress management). One can get 52-208 points from the scale and high means better. Results: Mean pretest Scale score was 136.79±17.80, and posttest was 148.34±20.89. The difference between pretest and posttest was statistically significant by t-test. (p<0.05).The subcategories’ pretest and posttest scores were; 27.37±4.36 / 28.09±4.71 for self actualization, 20.40±4.23 / 23.79±4.75 for health responsibility, 17.67±4.88 / 20.87±4.77 for physical activity, 21.40±3.81 / 23.83±4.31 for nutrition, 28.23±3.95 / 28.98±4.13 for interpersonal relations, and 19.65±3.28, 21.70±4.11 for stress management. Students found “small group discussion after presentation” most useful (41,3%) among the educational methods, the others had taken less scores (flipclass 10.9%, lecture 21.7%, question-answer 26.1).Conclusion:The students got a moderate level from HLSB-II scale and it had changed positively after Health and Life course. Educational methods which students are active could be preferred primarily to develop a new generation having healthy life style behaviour.

Keywords:healty life style behavior, education, educational methods


Abstract No:2238

DIVORCE AS A SOCIAL PROBLEMS AND IT’S CAUSES: FAMILY COURT EXAMINATIONS FROM KARABUK SAMPLE

Gulay Gunay,Ali Fuat Ersoy,Olcay Aras Özduran,Department of Social Work, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey

Divorce is a complex process that can be viewed from different points. It may unsettle couples economically, abuse mentally and affect their status in society. The negative impact of divorce on children reveals very complex problems. Thus, divorce causes social, psychological and economic destruction not only on divorced couples, both also all family members. Divorce emerges as an important social problem leading to disintegration of families raising healthy and happy individuals in future. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the reasons for the divorce. This research was conducted in Karabuk. The total 519(2008:213; 2009:306) files of divorce suit resolved in 2008-2009 years and brought in order to divorce was investigated in Karabuk courthouse in 1st and 2nd Court of First Instance by titled as “Family Court”. In the light of information obtained from these files, it was received that usually 0-4 years of married couples divorce rate (30.4%) is higher than the others and couples married compromisingly are divorced of 54.7% and "severe incompatibility" exists in the first place with 43.5% between divorce causes. In addition, it was found that the results are not different according to 2008 and 2009. The results of this research have significant implications for policymakers’ educators and family counselors in their search of strategies for improving to strengthen the family structure.

Keywords:Keywords: divorce, divorce reasons, divorce files


Abstract No:2240

The Analysis of the Relation Between Social Capital and Self Leadership with Social Network Analysis (SNA)

Safak Baykal,SAFAK BAYKALASELSAN AŞ, UGES RAS, Mehmet Akif Ersoy mah. 296. cad no:16

Macunköy/Ankara,Türkiye

With respect to Social Capital (SC), there is a mutual understanding which more successful people have better relations but there is no mutual understanding about “better relation” that imply what it does mean really. The importance of social capital is coming from where we can say this is an “intangible asset” with simple wordings “investment in social relations with expected returns”. Generally people try to enter much more social networks to gain more advantage. In this study, we will focus on two aspects of social capital: Bonding, homophilous socal capital (BoSC) which implies better strong, dense or closed network lies and Bridging, heterophilous social capital (BrSC) which implies weak ties, bridging the structural holes. The other concept of our study is Self-Leadership (SL) which means a developed sense of who you are, what you can do, where you are going coupled with the ability to influence your communication, emotions and behaviors on the way to getting there. In this study, the sample group is selected from a private firm from defense industry and we will show the relation between BoSC/BrSC and SL by using Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Likert type-questionnaire.

Keywords:Social Capital, Self-Leadeship, Social Network Anaysis


Abstract No:2244

THE DECORATION PATTERN OF KONYA SELJUK PORTALSSukriye Karadas

Atatürk Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi ERZURUM

Suleyman Sah who is from the race of the Selcuk, made Iznik the capital city of the Anatolia Selcuk Empire after invading it from the Byzantians. This situation ended with the crusaders invading Iznik back in 1096. Hence the capital of the first Kilicarslan was moved to Konya and this stayed like this until the collapse of the Anatolia Selcuklu Empire. From this date to the Kosedag war fought with the Mongolians, the empire carried on to grow. After the Mongolian influx the era of viziers such as Suleyman Pervane, Celalettin Karatay, Sahip Ata Fahrettin Ali was defined as the classic period of Anatolia Selcuk arts and architecture. Arts which was in the Anatolia Selcuk Empire politically very complexly formed, continued its development and especially evolved into a mature identity in the area of architecture. The Mosque Alaeddin (1220), the Sircali Madrasa (1243), the Karatay Madrasa (1251), the Mosque Sahip Ata (1258) and the Thin Minaret Madrasa (1265) made in capital Konya show the competition and power of the viziers in the era. The sharp belt of the portal in Alaaddin Mosque, which is not deep and is niche shaped, is formed by semi circles that overlap each other to form two colourful gems and the two thick lines that form the loop in the korners of the belt are examples of the southern features in Anatolia. The portal of Sircali Madrasa is formed by a deep iwan and the iwan belt is surrounded by borders. In the Karatay Madrasa the sharp belted stalactite hold’s top part looks as if it is cut. Next to the door on both sides there are zigzag patterned panels and rumi type designed borders surround the tablet on top of this. The Sahip Ata Mosque stalactite hold portal’s borders show that the process of looking more like rumi has increased. The portal’s familiar decoration scheme shows difference with the addition of frontal designs. The Thin Minaret Madrasa’s portal has a different pattern organization and also has a dense botanic decoration. In the paper, the unique decoration features of each structure will be shown.

Keywords:DECORATION, SELJUK, PORTAL


Abstract No:2245

An Assessment On Turkey’s Trade Relations with the members of Black Sea Economic CooperationMücahit Çayın,Mücahit Çayın

Batman Üniversitesi, İİBF, İktisat Bölümü, Batman

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate theoretical aspects of organization of Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) and Turkish trade relations. In this study firstly, constitution and functions of BSCE will be analyzed. Secondly, in accordance with the data obtained, the place of BSCE countries will be examined in the export and import of Turkey.

Keywords:BSCE, Economic Cooperation, Export, İmport


Abstract No:2246

WHISTLEBLOWING RELATED APPLICATIONS IN TURKEYMurat Kayalar,Murat Kayalar,Elif Türkan Arslan,Savaş Yıldız

Department of Business Management, University of İKÇ, İzmir, Turkey

Especially in recent years, it is known that the importance of the negative effect of corruption and unethical business behavior effect employee’s performance and therefore country economy and it’s been dicussed what can be done to prevent it. One way to prevent these kind of behaviours is to encourage whistleblowing. Whistleblowing is, organization’s present or former employees informing unofficial, unethical or illegal activities to the one or organization who has power, zealous to correct the unfavourable situations(Sims ve Keenan, 1999:137; Miceli vd., 1991:113; Near ve Miceli, 1985: 4). Whistleblowing occurs if (1) individual is in activitiy aiming informing public; (2) information becomes public matter; (3) the information is mostly related with illegal activities happening or about to happen in organization; (4) presen tor former employee of the organization (Jubb, 1999: 84). As it can be understood from these definitions, whistleblowing is an important tool to prevent corruption, unethical and illegal activities. Due to its importance, some legal arrangements and applications should be taken in consideration. When the literature reviewed it can be seen that the importance of the matter hasn’t been taken into account. Objective of this study is, to define the regulations and applications of whistleblowing in Turkey. For this purpose, after a detailed review of the literature is conducted and mechanism and decisions of Board of Ethics for Public Officials, founded in 2004, will be examined detailed.

Keywords:Whsitleblowing, Board of Ethics for Public Officials


Abstract No:2247

REPRESENTATION AND JUSTICEZİYNET BAHADIR

Department of Sociology, University of Cumhuriyet, Sivas, Turkey

In this paper, the regulations in the electoral system will be analyzed in terms of the problem of justice in representation. It cannot merely be reduced to election, but democracy is distinguished from other regimes with the right/freedom to vote and stand for election of the equal citizens. The relation between democracy and electoral system, which is a technical regulation, is also important. One of the two principles that must be present in the electoral system is emphasized to be “Justice in Representation” and the other is “stability in administration. “Stability” may be prioritized especially in developing countries, and some practices which harm the principle of “justice may be seen. For example, it is not quite possible to see “justice in representation” in practice in Turkey because of the election threshold discussed to be lowered lately but not realized somehow. There have been some people with a negative view on the elections who believe that their votes will go for nothing due to the application of threshold. The vote rate that the political parties obtain and representation rate of them in the assembly are important data from the point of view of the rate of being represented. Again for example, some applications such as “quota of women” which will overcome gender apartheid become a current issue, making positive discrimination, and it can be discussed in terms of democratic principles. The right of being represented which has turned into a problem of “justice” can be regarded as identical with democracy, however, it must be indicated that it is necessary to have “representation” and “justice” simultaneously and the principle of “justice in representation” is of as vital importance as at least the principle of “administrational stability.”

Keywords:democracy, electoral system, election threshold, justice in representation, administrational stability


Abstract No:2248

THE PLACE AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE BOOKS WHOSE ARE ORIGINALS ARE PERSIAN

Berna KARAGÖZOĞLUAgri İbrahim Chechen University Human Litter Faculty Agri Turkey

The education process started with the existence of humankind. A new born baby is firstly trained by the family members; then this mission is taken over by the education institutes. As long as people live, they are in various researches chasing after the knowledge. All the civilizations throughout the history, have given importance to the consciousness that way of development depends on education. The past of Turkish Education starts with the first Turkish society dates back to very old times. As known, the Turks have spread to a wider geography. Although they have spread to a wide geography, they are one of the rare societies who sustain their own cultures and traditions. Education institutes have an important place in the Turkish state structure. Education in these institutes; consists of teachers and basic source books. The Turks have found themselves more close to the educated people who wrote their works in Arabic-Persian languages after adopting the Islam. Islam works have reached the top in policy science and literature in that era. Turkish; being affected by Arabic and Persian has added many words into its language; but the fact that the official language of the state is sometimes Persian has made it compulsory that the education language in these institutes. The students raised in these institutes have been informed with the works of the scientists Iran origin Persian geography, in bothethical, political and religious fields. In our work, works such as Siyasetnâme, Tarih-i Reşidi, Kâbusnâme, Bostan-Gulistan whose original language is Persian, put into the curriculum throughout the history, the place and the importance of them in Turkish education history will be focused.

Keywords:Key words: Persian books, Turkish education history, Iran, Persian


Abstract No:2249

FROM ANCIENT GREEK ACT OR’S ART OF RHETORİC TO TODAY’S ART OF BODY EXPRESSIONIPEK OZGUVEN

Drama and Acting Department, Istanbul Aydın University, Inonu Caddesi No:38 Istanbul

The first professional actor stepped onto the stage around BC534 in Ancient Greece. Starting from that period, actor’s methodology has been changing continiously. In Ancient Greek theatre the poem was above all. This was both the reason and the consequence of that era’s actor’s body usage techniques. The importance of the text’s rhetoric, the notions of “actor” and “chorus”, their body usage, roles, costumes , masks, the environment and the audience are the notions that had determined the actor’s technique. Comparing to that era’s acting methodology, as the text is no longer a “poem” since 20th century, one can say that today, the priority of the text has left his place to actor’s body and movement which defines his behaviour. The reason for this, is that the conditions that are mentioned above; the text, the environment, the audience, the costumes and the roles has changed. In modern acting, the rherotic of the actor’s body becomes more important that the rhetoric of the text.

In this manifesto, the aim is to examine the characteristics of Ancient Greek actors on theatre stage through the problematics of text, conditions and physical abilitites; and also to have a quick look at today’s acting comprehension. This manifesto, which is a comparative and descriptive work through examples, will try to put forward its determinations about the difference between Ancient Greek actors body usage techniques and the ones of today.

Keywords:Theatre, Ancient, Modern, Text, Body


Abstract No:2251

CHILDISH DISCOURSE IN ORHAN VELI POETRY (ORHAN VELİ’NİN ŞİİRLERİNDEKİ ÇOCUKSU SÖYLEM)Mehmet Ulucan

Fırat Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi İlköğretim Bölümü Elazığ

Orhan Veli is one of the important representatives of our field of art and conception. While he is making contribution to our field of art by his poems, he also makes contribution to both field of art and contrbution equally.We know Orhan Veli, whose mass of the audience is broad, managed to call upon his readers at the age of 7 to 70 moreover he is one of the remarkable artists who could manage it at the same book. We should emphasize that the childlike expression which we see almost all his poems is one of important characters of his field of art and conception.We tried to stress on his this childlike expression at our article.

Keywords:Key Words: Orhan Veli, poem, childlike expression


Abstract No:2252

Planning of Teaching Activities at Multigrade ClassroomsYeliz KACAR,Osman CEKİC

Canakkale 18 mart University,Canakkale,Turkey,

The reality of the multigrade classes is one of the most important problems in Primary Education level in Turkish National Education System. Turkey has been struggling with the multigrade class issues for many years at the primary school level. The teachers who serve in such classes lack the training the knowledge base to perform their educational duties efficiently. Especially the guidance ability of teachers who serve at multigrade classrooms at small villages is a must for teachers to have. The studies about education on primary school teacher in our country are continual the subject of discussion about what the fundamental teachers have to be gained. The required qualities of teachers who serve in such schools have been a long discussed issue in primary education. This study, focuses on the planning of the teaching and learning process and teachers’ ability to perform such duties at multigrade classrooms. The data will be gathered via the use of the literature on this subject and from the teachers who teach multilevel classes. Problems with the planning of teaching and learning process will be investigated and solutions to such problems will be explored.

Keywords:Multigrade class, planning, teaching activities


Abstract No:2253

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MATHEMATICS AND AESTHETICS: THREE DIMENSIONAL ARRANGEMENT OF GEOMETRIC FIGURES IN TERMS OF THE PRINCIPLES AND

ELEMENTS OF ARTNESLİHAN USTA,NESLİHAN USTA,SÜREYYA GENÇ,

BARTIN ÜNİVERSİTESİ EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ İLKÖĞRETİM BÖLÜMÜ MATEMATİK ÖĞRETMENLİĞİ ANABİLİM DALI BARTIN/TÜRKİYE

Mathematics and art are two disciplines related with each other. Mathematics is observed in painting, music, literature, architecture; in other words, every branch of the art. While creating art works, artist is using the main mathematical information such as perspective, rate, figures and symmetry. The aesthetics, harmonization and order of mathematics are observed in the art. When the admirable works of the art are examined, they also consist of the mathematical structures. The course of mathematics and aesthetics is very important for presenting the relationship between two disciplines. If it is understood that mathematics is a art as well as a science and the aesthetics, internal harmony and order of mathematics are presented with their reflections on the art, mathematics teachers will gain the aesthetic viewpoint in their further lives and their professional lives. It will be emphasized within the scope of this study that the candidates of mathematics teachers give the feeling of aesthetics much importance in their daily lives and they should apply the artistic arrangements while preparing the mathematical materials to be used in the mathematics teaching and they act with the aesthetic concern while doing all of these. It is deemed as important in this study that especially candidate of teachers will deal every kind of activities with the aesthetic viewpoint during both their professional lives and daily lives. Therefore, the candidate of mathematics students which are taking the course of mathematics and art in Bartın University Faculty of Education are asked to conduct the three dimensional work with the aesthetic concern by starting with the geometrical figures and the aim is to make them knowledgeable about the relationship between mathematics and aesthetic. The working group will be 27 candidate teachers who are studying in 2nd and 3rd class and in Bartın University, Faculty of Education, Department of Primary Education and who are taking the elective course of mathematics and art during 2014-2015 academic year. Within the scope of this study in which the qualitative study is used, the candidates of teachers are asked to conduct the three dimensional arrangement by starting with the geometric figures without giving the information on the principles of elements of the art. After completing the study, the mathematics and art relationship, the principles and elements of

the art, the mathematics and art relationship and how to create eye-pleasing compositions will be discussed. In the light of this information, the candidates of teachers are asked to conduct the three dimensional work with the aesthetic concern by starting with the geometrical figures. These two studies will be descriptively evaluated by applying to the views of experts.

Keywords:Mathematics, Art, Aesthetics, Concern, Principles and Elements of the Art, the Course of Mathematics and Aesthetics, Candidate of Mathematics Teacher.


Abstract No:2254

A RESEARCH CONCERNING TO THE COMMON CHARACTERISTICS IN THE PICTURES WHICH ARE MADE BY CHILDREN

SÜREYYA GENÇBARTIN ÜNİVERSİTESİ EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ GÜZEL SANATLAR EĞİTİMİ BÖLÜMÜ RESİM-İŞ

EĞİTİMİ ANABİLİM DALI BARTIN/TÜRKİYE

Drawing a picture is the primary activity in which children express themselves best. They reflect their naturalness in a manner, which is special to them, and in the way how they feel. Children pictures have been subject to a great deal of researches. The researches made have shown that children pictures follow a systematic developmental circle, which follows one another. Children’s development from the linear aspect is related to their physical, emotional, social and cognitive developments. There are five developmental stages on the linear basis according to age status of children. These are scribbling stage, pre-schema stage, schematic stage, realism stage and naturalness stage. These developmental stages have similar characteristics all over the world. At the same time, some common characteristics attract the attentions in the children pictures. These common characteristics cover 2-12 age groups. There are some common expression characteristics such as straightening characteristic, completion characteristic, height hierarchy characteristic and clearness characteristic.In this study, the common characteristics in the children pictures will be examined based on the pictures of the children, who are in pre-school or primary school period. In this qualitative study; after the required literature review has been made, a primary school and kindergarten will be chosen randomly in Bartın province and the children there will make free picture drawings. The obtained pictures will be interpreted in a depictive manner and by comparing the general characteristics in the children pictures by taking the opinions of the experts.

Keywords:Children picture, linear developmental stages, common characteristics in children pictures.


Abstract No:2256

The impacts on the buying behaviors of body imageEDA PAC

Gaziosmanpasa university faculty of economic and administrative sciences

The buying behaviours are affected by a lot situations. One of the situations is body image. The body image is defined the picture of our own body which we form in our mind, that is to say, the way in which the body appears to ourselves or a person’s perceptions, thoughts and feelings about his or her body.The study is about the impacts on the buying behaviors of body image.Firstly, the topic is searched at literature and explained theoretically. Then ,randomly selected four hundreds people are done survey about the impacts on the buying behaviours of body image in Tokat.The collected datas are analyzed at a statistical program. The results of the survey show main impacts us.

Keywords:body image, buying behaviours, appearance, marketing


Abstract No:2257

Impact of Wars and Conflicts on Women and Children in Middle East: Health, Psychological, Educational and Social Crisis

Baraka ABUSAFIA,Yaser SNOUBARDepartment of Child Health and sickness Nursing, Hacettepe University,

Ankara, Turkey

The wars and armed conflicts in many regions of the world and especially in the Middle East have an eloquent impact on all life's happenings most especially in areas affected. Wars destroys community infrastructure such as health, education and other social services sectors. As of present, the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East had left a significant impact on the family and the individual in the areas affected. In the family, it has lead to disintegration and roles change. It is also lead to forced migration and asylum. At the individual level, it have impacted negatively in terms of psychology, social and physical wellbeing. Women and children are the most affected by traumatic events of war and they are the most vulnerable to all types of exploitation and abuse. The devastating effects of war on this vulnerable group can hardly be overemphasized. This paper discusses the problems faced by children and women in war and conflict zones. It also explore physical, mental health, social and educational crisis experienced by women and children in the Middle Eastern society. A society that is known to have witnessed many civil wars and armed conflicts. In addition, the study also discusses social and health services which must be provided to women and children in conflict affected area from the social work perspective.

Keywords:wars and conflicts, Middle East Society, Health, psychological and social crises


Abstract No:2259

AN INVESTIGATION OF LEVELS OF PARTICIPATION IN EDUCATION OF PARENTS WITH CHILDREN ATTENDING TO DIFFERENT PRESCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Burcin Aysu,Burcin Aysu,Aysel KOKSAL AKYOL,Jandarma Preschool and Day Care Center, Ankara, Turkey

The present study aimed to investigate the levels of participation in education of parents with children attending to different preschool education institutions and to find whether certain factors create any difference in levels of parenteral participation in preschool education. The study enrolled parents of a total of 204 children attending to official (125) and private (79) preschool institutions in Ankara city center. “General Information Form” as developed by the researchers and “Family Participation Scale” as developed by Gürşimşek (2003) was used as data collection tools in the study. Data collected by Personal Information Form and Family Participation Scale were recorded in the computer via SPSS statistical software. Two-way ANOVA was used in the analysis of data. It was found as a result of the study that there was a significant difference in favor of private schools as regards parenteral participation in preschool education by school type, where children’ sex, birth rank, number of siblings, and time period of attendance to preschool institution created no significant difference in the level of parenteral participation in education.

Keywords:Preschool Education, Family Participation, Education


Abstract No:2260

THE NEO-GOTHIC AND NATURE : THE DREAM-CATCHER BY JOYCE CAROL OATESSerpil Tuncer

Department of Linguistics faculty of Letters Istanbul University Laleli Beyazit İstanbul Turkey

The neo-gothic is distinguished from the classical gothic (17th-19th centuries) which is identifiable with perverse romance, supernaturalism, presence of ghosts and aristocracy. The neo-gothic has abandoned the classical gothic as conveying a dislocation associated with a creeping awareness of the insanity of social demands, creating a permanent anxiety in the individual, under the threat of regional wars, nuclear disasters, global warming, incalculable dangers of urban life, random crimes, freak accidents, and hidden health hazards. Joyce Carol Oates is one of the contemporary American writers, so prolific in producing novels and short fiction on the neo-gothic besides those on various aspects of the current social life in America. Oates’s neo-gothic short fiction focuses on the exploitation of the weak, the repressed and the vulnerable, by the socially dominant and powerful figures, retracing eccentric and fearsome psychological roots and laybrinthines of human psyche. Since Nature, not in the usual pastoral sense, but the ecocritical sense, has a significance, displaying a domain that civilized man’s cultural development inevitably conflicts with, the neo-gothic fiction handles Nature as an extension of the fragmented, subverted and marginalized cultural and social life. Thus, those threats of the social life are disguised in forms of monstrous animals, dark forests with no way out, giant plants eating human flesh, imaginations, dreams, myths, violence, sexuality and madness to be depicted as Nature’s wild energies. In this study, Oates’s neo-gothic short story, The Dream-catcher, will be exemplified to scrutinize the impacts of Nature on human subjectivity, the essence and results of any rupture of the natural and social order of things, the relationship of Nature and the gothic, demonstrating the bridge between the human and the non-human world and seeking ways of constructing an integrated whole of these parts.

Keywords:Joyce Carol Oates, The Dream Catcher, Ecocriticism, Nature, Neo-gothic


Abstract No:2261

A STUDY OF DETERMINING TEACHER CANDIDATES’ VIOLENCE PERCEPTIONHavise GULEC,Bulent GUVEN,Havise GULEC,

Education of Elemantary School, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey

Using brute force, being stern and having unkind treatments are definitions of threatening or leaving people emotionally helpless that all merge under the name of violence. Violence is analyzed with its different kinds , it has been described several times in different periods and it is also known as a social problem. Violence is seen more frequently in recent years that its reasons, kinds and the results of precautions are constantly examined and problem solving researches have lead to expectations. This study aims to determine Teacher candidate’s violence perception of University students that are going to work in pre-school or primary schools and to find out whether there are any differences between their perception features among different variances. As a paradigm, teacher candidates who are studying at the departments of pre-school and primary school teaching in the Faculty of Teaching have been selected. In determining the paradigm in this way, that the age groups that the teacher candidates will serve shows the features of a critical period especially in personality development and earning positive affective qualities has become a starting point for researchers. In the study performed in descriptive features, the answers the participant teacher candidates gave to the violence perception determining scale developed by Güven and Güleç (2010) have been examined through non-parametical statistical calculation techniques; in the findings achieved as a result of the examining, in the answers the participants gave, it has been assigned that the education level of the parents does not differ with regards to the settlement they reside in, and that it may differ only a little in some factors from the point of the department they studied, the education level of the father, the time of the education, the level of class in which they studied and gender parameters. Depending on the findings, comment, discussion and conclusion parts are addressed in the full text.

Keywords:Violence, Teacher candidate, Preschool, Primary School Teacher


Abstract No:2263

Çevresel Değerlerin Korunmasında Uluslararası Mali Kuruluşların Etkinliği (Avrupa Örneği)

Mehmet Ali AKKAYA,Mehmet Ali AKKAYA,,İstanbul Üniversitesi, Deniz Bilimleri ve İşletmeciliği Enstitüsü, Deniz ve

Kıyı Hukuku Ana Bilim Dalı, Vefa 34470, İstanbul

Çevre, deniz ve kıyı sorunları; uluslararası politik çevrelerce güvenlik ve ekonomiden sonra üçüncü büyük toplumsal sorun olarak kabul edilmektedir. Küreselleşme süreci ile birlikte ulus devletlerin yetkileri kamu yönetiminde olduğu gibi çevresel değerlerin korunması konusunda yerini uluslararası örgütlere bırakma sürecine girmiştir. 1970’li yıllara kadar çevre sorunları bugün olduğu gibi uluslararası kuruluşların gündeminde önemli bir yer tutmuyordu. Çevre sorunlarının yanında deniz ve kıyı sorunlarının artmasıyla birlikte paraya yönveren uluslararası kuruluşlar, söz konusu sorunları da denetlenmeye ve kontrol altında tutmaya çalışmışlardır. Bu çerçevede Dünya Bankası, Avrupa Yatırım Bankası, IMF, Dünya Ticaret Merkezi vb. gibi uluslararası finans kuruluşları çevre, deniz ve kıyı alanlarının yönetimine ilişkin önemli finansal destekte bulunmuş, bir çok projeyi finanse etmişlerdir. Bu bildiride Türkiye de dahil Avrupa Ülkeleri için uluslararası finansal kuruluşların paraya yön vermedeki çaba ve gayretlerini, insanlığın ortak mirası olan çevre, deniz ve kıyı değerlerin korunması konusundaki duyarlılığı irdelenecektir.

Keywords:Çevre, Kıyı, Deniz Alanları, Koruma


Abstract No:2264

SULAR HUKUKU AÇISINDAN SINIRAŞAN SULARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ (Meriç Nehri Örneği)

Mehmet Ali AKKAYA,Mehmet Ali AKKAYAİstanbul Üniversitesi, Deniz Bilimleri ve İşletmeciliği Enstitüsü, Deniz ve

Kıyı Hukuku Ana Bilim Dalı, Vefa 34470, İstanbul

Akarsular, tarihi süreç içersinde dünden bugüne insanoğlunun ilgi odağı haline gelen en önemli konulardan biri olup her geçen gün bu konuya olan ilgi uluslararası nitelik kazanmaya devam etmektedir. Akarsuların ülke ve bölge ölçeğinde çok değişken dağılımı dikkate alındığında, dünyanın özellikle belli bölgelerinde 21. yüzyılın en stratejik maddelerinden biri haline geldiği görülmektedir. Yeryüzünde pek çok akarsu, bir ülkede doğduktan sonra başka bir ülkeye/ülkelere geçmekte ve "sınır-aşan su" niteliğini taşımakta, bazıları yer yer iki ülke arasındaki sınır boyunca da akarak "sınır-oluşturan su" işlevini görmektedir. Bu yapı, devletler arasında suya bağlı bir takım sorunların yaşanmasına neden olmakta, 21. yüzyılın ilk çevreğinde “su savaşları”ndan bahsedilmektedir.Akarsuyun bir bölümünün, kentsel veya sınai ihtiyaçların karşılanması, özellikle de sulama amacıyla çevrilmesi, aşağı-kıyıdaş kesimler açısından suyun niceliğinde önemli eksilmelere yol açacağından, kıyıdaş ülkeler arasındaki sorunlar büyük boyutlar kazanmaktadır. Bunun tam aksine özelliklede kış aylarında elektrik enerjisi üretimi amacıyla yapılan tesislerde, yoğun birikmenin sözkonusu olduğu durumlarda da sorun çıkmakta; baraj hazneleriyle mevsimlik ve yıllararası biriktirme ve düzenleme yapacak tesislerde ise, özellikle haznenin normal doluluk oranına ulaşması halinde gerekli önlem alınmaksızın baraj kapaklarının açılması aşağı-kıyıdaş yerleşim birimlerinde sel baskınlarına neden olmaktadır. Bulgaristanın dördüncü kez benzeri uygulama yapması özellikle Edirne ve çevresinde sosyal, ekonomik ve çevre açısından olumsuz sonuçlara neden olmuştur. Bu ülke barajlarının düzenleyemediği fazlalık kış akışlarını yatak-dışı (off-stream) haznelerde biriktirme yoluna gitmek, ek külfete rağmen, sorunun fiziksel çözümüne bir ölçüde katkıda bulunabilecektir.Türkiye'nin Bulgaristan ve Yunanistan ile hassas ilişkileri, Meriç ve kollarının Bulgaristan için önemi, Arda'dan alınan suların Yunanistan'da kullanım alanları için önemi de dikkate alınarak bu ve benzeri uygulamanın uluslararası hukuk normları da dikkate alınarak yeniden değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çerçevede;• Uluslararası çevre ceza hukuku açısından hukuki sorumluluk• Çevresel olumsuz etkiler

• Ekonomik kayıplar• Sosyal risk analizleri yapılacaktır.

Keywords:Meriç, Sosyal Risk, Uluslararası İlişkiler


Abstract No:2265

EVALUATION OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN SOLUTIONS IN LOW CARBON DEVELOPMENTKamil Bircan,Kamil Bircan,Güneş Açelya Sipahi,Güneş Açelya Sipahi

Department of International Logistics and Transportation, Faculty of Söke Business Administration, Adnan Menderes Üniversity, Söke, Aydın, Türkiye

It is known that one of the most important environmental problems of today is the climate change which is mostly caused by human activity and which has led to an increase in the greenhouse gas density in the World atmosphere in the last 100 years. In literatüre, climate change is defined as follows: “a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods” (Mehta, 2002). As industrialisation is accepted as a prerequisite of socio-economic development, it has become an objective of all states. However, irregular and unplanned industrialisation and technological developments disregarding the environmental factors have led to the problem of climate change. Geographical expansion of production areas and supply chain processes has ensured development in the global scale but also negatively affected the climate crisis. In this regard, supply chain management plays an important role in fight against climate change. Low carbon economy and supply chain solutions have been addressed in this study. The topic is discussed along with the examples of international companies.

Keywords:Supply Chain Management, Low Carbon Development


Abstract No:2266

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND FINAL STATUS OF THE WORLD OIL MARKETAytac Demiray

Selcuk Universitesi Aksehir M.Y.O. Kozagac Aksehir/Konya

Oil was used in limited areas as; medicine, ship building, and mummification,in the first quarter of 1800. In the middle of 1800’s, Abraham Gesner was obtained the kerosene by refining oil, leaked into the earth itself. After the discovery of gasoline people noticed that the oil can be used in sectors other than lighting. The oil demand extremely increased all over the world after the Ford company started to mass production in 1913.In 1980, oil consumption was up to 50% of total energy consumption in the world. The amount of oil consumption is expected to increase in the future. The percentage share of renewable energy and natural gas, in the total energy use, is expected to be increased in the future and the share of oil will continues to fall. In 2000-2005 period, world oil production was 77 mmb/d. In 2005-2010 period production increased to 85 mmb/d. According to recent estimates, production of the oil is expected to be between 95-100 mmb/d up to 2030. The biggest oil consumer of the world is United States. The oil consumption of United States is %23 of the wold’s total oil consumption. China, Japan, India and Russia are the other big oil consumers.80% of the total oil production of the world is produced by 15 countries. Russia, Saudi Arabia and the United States are the most oil-producing countries in the world. Total production of these countries is nearly %30 of world oil production.The aim of our study is to introduce the reader; the roles of the main actors of oil market and the historical development of this market in chronological order.

Keywords:oil market, oil production, oil consumption


Abstract No:2268

An Alternative Approach to Economic Man : Altruistic ManYildiz Zeliha Tasdirek

bilecik seyh edebali university faculty of economics main campus A -336 bilecik

It is highly astonishing that in economics, so called the father of social sciences, the term ''economic man'' is sufficient to comprehend the human being. On the contrary, other branches of Social Sciences like sociology and psychology try to understand human behaviour not only through rationality but also through cultures, norms and institutions. In this context, behavioural economics is a new breath by combining economics and psychology. Meanwhile discovering the deviations from rationality, behavioural economics also shows us other features of agents. Accordingly, this study aims to explore agents who are more complicated depending on behavioural economics. An economic agent acts like a maximizer whereas he/she can help others without any benefit. Moreover, he/she can punish others irrationally. This shows that economic man is an incomplete model for agents. This study attempts to enlighten homoeconomicus through the term '' altruism''. Furthermore, the study also includes the discussions like “what is” or “what is not” the term ''altruism'' is.

Keywords:behavioural economics, economic man, altruism


Abstract No:2270

The Awareness of Urban Quality in Housing Zone Users: Ankara- Çayyolu Example

Ahmet Tanju GultekinAtılım University, Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture, Kızılcaşar

District, 06836 İncek Gölbaşı - Ankara - Turkey

In the last two decades Ankara-Çayyolu District is distinguished by its upper and middle-upper class income users, economically and socially in the urban context. The distraction of housing zones in physical and spatial scales is fairly distinctive. On the other hand, the answer to the social and cultural expectations of the users with the measurable quality of housing standards, gains importance in the formation of the living quality.Starting from this point of view, the physical and social environment image of the housing zone users and, their necessities and awareness within the context of quality will be examined in the chosen sample area. The results obtained is expected to be guiding in the formation of liveable housing zones in the future.

Keywords:Urban Quality, Liveable Housing Zone, Housing Users, Awareness


Abstract No:2271

Overview of the world economy: The case in Turkey, Expectations and Possibilities

Ozge Erdolek Kozal,Funda BarbarosEge University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department

of Economics, Turkey

After 2008 Global Economic Crisis, world economies followed different kinds of strategies to support the recovery of the economy and minimize the risks of relapse into stagnation. The key regions of the world economy continue to underperform pre-crisis developments, This showed that lots of countries still can’t handle the effects of crisis. On the other hand, the reasons for the depth and length of the crisis are several, but many of the tensions and imbalances that fed the crisis resulted from deep-seated trends that are unlikely to reverse in the coming decades, at least without major changes in policies. (1) The recent studies showed that the global economy will be in a process of restructuring while, pursuing and monitoring of national and regional policies will become harder in the near future. The global tendencies indicate that there will be a major shift in specialisation amoungst countries which will in turn change the distribution of added value in the whole world.In this work, we discuss the changing position of Turkish economy in a changing/shifting world from a multidimensional perspective. The analysis is applied to the Turkish economy for the 1980-2015 period, and it is divided to two sub-periods that are 1980-2008 and 2008-2015.Data used in this study are basic macroeconomic indicators published by TUIK and the globalization indices are taken from the work Axel, Gaston and Martens (2008), human development data on Turkey, published by UNDP. The source of the data for World Economy are obtained from OECD, World Bank, Eurostat and UNDP.In this paper, by analysing the basic macroeconomic indicators like growth, industrial production, the structure of export and import, inflation, unemployment, we also focuse on human development, institutions and democracy In this work, beyond the analysis of the current situation, we evaluate the challanges and possibilities Turkey will face in the near future, by focusing on the variables which will have an impact on the economic and social performance of the country.

(1) Braconier, Giuseppe and Westmore, 2014, Policy Challenges for the Next 50 Years, OECD Economic Policy Paper, No:9, ISSN 2226-583X (online)

Keywords:World economy, Economic crisis, Turkish economy, Politics


Abstract No:2273

Social Awareness in the Conservation Process of Cultural Properties in Türkiye; Ankara- Hamamönü District

Nevin Turgut GultekinGazi University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Urban and Regional

Planning, Celal Bayar Boulevard, 06570 Maltepe / ANKARA

Social Awareness in the Conservation Process of Cultural Properties in Türkiye; Ankara- Hamamönü District Sustainability of immovable cultural properties is not possible only by legal restrictions but requires economic welfare, social awareness and public participation. For this reason, to reduce the stress between urban conservation and progressing economies, functional changes and application interferences that help to upgrade the value of cultural assets within contemporary standards, are highly appriciated. The newly regenerated urban settlements under the influence of globalization, with the transformation of “cultural values” to “commercial sources”, the cultural heritage zones are rapidly turning to touristic and mercantile activity areas. In Turkey, urban conservation subjects are mainly within the concern of planners, architects and conservationists and the professional education of these disciplines covers the problems in several aspects but mostly regretting the social aspects from the stand point of actual users. The paper will mainly concentrate on the user awareness of a conserved zone in Ankara; considering the economical income and cultural loss in a historical district – the Hamamönü- and will try to propose solutions in professional education.

Keywords:Social Awareness, Cultural Heritage, Conservation Process


Abstract No:2274

Gentrification Created During Conservation Process of Cultural Heritage Zones

Nevin Gultekin,Zuhal Ozcan,Özlem Guzey,Gazi University Faculty of Architecture, Dept. of City and Regional Planning

The rehabilitation efforts in Turkey stand on functional differences based on economical benefits. Nevertheless, this approach treats the original characteristics of cultural heritage zones as they are mostly used like theatrical sceneries serving to changing functions. Moreover, the social and cultural aspects are thoroughly neglected, forcing the unacceptable social change, the gentrification.This process is o bserved in Ankara Hamamarkası and Kaleiçi districts which have been physical and social depravation areas, mostly the foci of crime before rehabilitation and restoration. Both districts are the oldest parts of the capital city, having a background dating back to the Galatians of the 3rd century B.C. The area will be examined and the conclusions covering the latest situation of the past users dispersed in the city, will be given in the paper. The contradiction between the natives and the new comers will be investigated and the results of gentrification will be given. The remedies to create public contribution in urban conservation and to prevent social transformation will be searched and proposed within the limits of this paper.

Keywords:gentrification, cultural heritage, public contribution


Abstract No:2276

AGREEMENTS CONCERNING THE LEASE OF AGRICULTURAL LAND IN TURKISH LAWMEHMET ALTUNKAYA,Mehmet ALTUNKAYA

Depertment of Civil Law, University of Akdeniz, Antalya, Turkey

Agreements concerning the lease of agricultural land, is closely related to land law. Here is meant mainly farmland. Two types of business managements are performed, including direct and indirect on such land. Direct business managers are working their own land and they are owner. In contrast, indirect business managers are working as a lease holder. Indirect business management include tenancy and metayage. At the tenancy, rent paid usually money, sometimes goods or money or only goods. Rent is assured, absolute and unchangeable. In the metayage system, use charge to be paid always consists of a certain share of manufactured products. The product share which will be got by the landowner and and obligations of sharecropper is always uncertain, variable, not fixed, it is also unpredictable. In many countries, these relationships created through lease on agricultural land occupy considerable space. Judicial systems include three systems which are rental liberty, rental prohibition and mixed system. In this study, we will explain systems and definition, specifications, subject, factors, time and legal results of rental contract.

Keywords:Agreement, Agricultural Land, Türkish Law,


Abstract No:2280

Crime and Fear of Crime in Sociology of Everyday LifeOner Solak,Oner Solak,Vahap Ozpolat,

Foreign Language Department, Social Sciences University of Ankara, Ankara, Türkiye

Sociology, simply described, is the science of human relations. As well, ‘Everyday Life’ comprises daily relations among people. Social actors around us, our relation to time and space, our daily experiences, and our interactions starting with family members in the morning and going on with other institutions surrounding us throughout a day constitute our daily life. Life is shaped around a set of social and legal rules and norms which require observance from all social actors. The relation between the individual and the social norms is either observance or delinquency (deviance). Of similar forms of deviance, especially ‘crime’, ‘violence’, and ‘fear of crime’ as a part of Everyday Life are worth sociological attention because those notions affect relations, decisions and choices of people in daily life; they become a public current issue, and exploit public resources as a security problem. In this study, which aims to contribute to discussions on fear of crime in the scope of being either subject or object of crime, the fact that how individuals and social groups are affected by the mentioned criminal realities in everyday life is discussed through related literature and everyday life involvements. In addition to review of literature, personal observation and experience of the writers are also included.

Keywords:Sociology of Everyday Life, Crime, Fear of Crime, Deviance, Violence.


Abstract No:2283

The Impact of Organizational Justice on Organizational Citizenship and Organizational Trust

İlknur Şentürk,Nidan Oyman,Eren Can Aybek,Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Faküültes

Justice perception, trust and sense of citizenship are variables increasingly becoming crucial in researches within the context of organizational behavior and management theories. Organizational justice of each individual with the stakeholders of organization are considered judgments in regard to whether administrators and all members of organization are fair in administrative processes as decision making, planning, practicing, sharing sources, controlling and evaluating. Organizational citizenship symbolizes sense of intimacy, belonging and dependence of individuals in terms of cognitive, affective and morale towards organizational structure and processes. Organizational trust is defined as to believe operations, values and principles of organization and also to have positive judgment, attitude and movement commune with perception of justice and belonging towards organization. Trust, justice and citizenship variables have been discussed mainly in the context of business organizations and reflected in educational organizations, so they are considered as effective strategies for creating effective organizations. The aim of this research is determined teacher candidates’ perceptions of justice, trust and citizenship and the impact of these variables on faculty of education in the teacher training process. In this context, it is intended to emphasize the importance of being managed organizational structure where continued their pre-service training, in a manner based on justice, trust and citizenship. In this research, the opinions of teacher candidates have been preferred principally, because there is quite a little research about organizational behavior involving their opinions and on the other side it is believed that they may evaluate these concepts with different perception from faculty members and administrators. The study group of the research includes a total of 331 teacher candidates attending various undergraduate programs at Eskişehir Osmangazi University in the academic year of 2014-2015. This research is based on a survey design and the data were collected by means of organizational justice, organizational trust and organizational citizenship scales. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression is used to analyze the data. According to the results, the scores that taken from organizational citizenship scale is significantly correlate with organizational trust and organizational justice scores (p < .05). Organizational justice scores do

not significantly correlate only with academic achievement (p > .05). Besides, organizational trust scale shows middle and high correlations with organizational justice sub-scales’ scores and multiple regression results show that organizational justice sub-scales are significant predictors of organizational trust. Similarly, organizational justice sub-scale scores do not correlate only with teacher candidates’ academic achievement. Also teacher candidates’ views are analyzed to see whether the views are differentiating according to class, department, achievement and gender or not. Suggestions are made in the direction of results.

Keywords:Key Words: Organizational justice, organizational trust, organizational citizenship


Abstract No:2285

YOUTH, SOCIAL MEDIA and NARCISSISMVehbi Bayhan

İnonu University Sociology Department Malatya Turkey

Internet is an icon of globalization and the information society. The benefits of the Internet can not be denied. However, social media is a popular tool on the Internet, is fueling the culture of narcissism. Especially young people as active social media they use, they expose themselves and also became a media that spying on others. Y or millennial generation of young people is defined as "Generation Me". Internet and social media addiction rate is increasing day by day.Narcissistic tendencies of university students using social media, Inonu University applied to the students, " Sociological Profile of University Youth" was compiled from survey data. The number of sample surveyed in 2014 is 10558 students. Youth social media use habits with narcissistic personality traits are discussed in the context of research findings.

Keywords:Youth, social media, narcissism, narcissistic personality trait


Abstract No:2287

Financing of Innovative Enterprises with High Growth Potential in their Early Phase of Life : The Case of “Unnado.com”

Nurhan AydinAnadolu University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences

Abstratct

Entrepreneurship has a very important role in economic development. Today we need entrepreneurs who transform information to products and services, at the same time who take risks and manage them. In order to fill this need, there should be an environment that is suitable for entrepreneurship. If not, many innovative ideas might die even before they wake. One of the principal components of such an environment is financing opportunities, affecting both existing and potential entrepreneurs. Without easy access to finance, business ideas can’t come to live and sustain even if the idea itself is a very good one, or the entrepreneur has a very good wisdom. Easy access to finance in early phase of life is especially vital for innovative, technology-driven, having high growth potential enterprises. Many studies show that many inspired enterprises end up with failure because of insufficient finance resources in their early phases. This study explains the financing options for enterprises in their early phase of life. The financing model of “Unnado.com” is presented. “Unnado.com” was founded by Göktuğ Okan Oğuz and Haldun Uraz Boralılar, who were recognized as “Endeavor Entrepreneurs of 2012” by “Endeavor Türkiye”.

Keywords:Seed and Early Stage Finance, Venture Capital


Abstract No:2291

A Fieldwork on the Children’s Right to Participant in Turkey: Seyh Zayed Child Dormitory

Tugba Canbulut,Bekir ALTIOK,Gizem ÇUHACI,Tansu CANDeparment of Social Work, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey

The children and the childhood are one of the most important and multi-discipliner concepts of social sciences in Turkey. Children’s rights to participation is also an important topic of childhood studies. In Turkey, children’s rights to participant is handled with the limits that are defined by adults. In this fieldwork, children’s rights to participant will be evaluated as critical in sociological view. At first, the children’s rights to participant clauses of the United Nations Convention on Children’s Rights will be handled. Then, a discussion in this topic -designed by adults- related to social values will be conducted. Social values are considered by crossing children outside of the family and the education system street culture and family&education institutions. This fiedlwork includes the study of the children’s rights to participant within child participated activities. By this way, the necessity of need for a critical view on the children’s rights to participant will be advocated.

Keywords:Children’s rights; children’s rights to participation; united nations convention on children’s rights.


Abstract No:2294

Resignation in administrative lawSeckin Yavuzdogan,Seçkin Yavuzdoğan

Akdeniz University Law Faculty Department of Administrative Law/Antalya-Turkey

İn the article 70 of Turkish constitution with the title of "Right to Access Public Services" it is expressed that every turkish citizen has the right to Access the public service.Leaving of a public servant WHO doesn't enjoy the conditions which are determined by status law from public service is a fundemantal right.However the rules which are necessary to obey in using this right is established with the status ,too.Within the context of this study we are going to try to explain how the resignation from public service influence the balance between public law and çivil law.

Keywords:administrative law, resignation, public service


Abstract No:2296

Evaluation of Problem Occasions of the Students with Low-Motivation In Piano Training

Zafer TURAL,Zafer TURALCOMU

Motivation is an important fact in musical instrument training as in any other part of education. In piano training, from the beginner level, students’ motivation may have an affect positively or negatively on the process of their adjustment to the instrument and their academic success. One of the aims of this study is to comprehend how students are motivated in the process of piano training.In this research, motivation levels and the problems that students who study at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Education, Fine Arts Education Department, Music Teacher Education have in getting used to piano instrument are analyzed. In the research, hypothetical ground is created with literature review about motivation. In the study, firstly, “PEMDÖ” motivation scale is applied to students by the researcher, secondly, according to the results, questions for conversations are prepared for the students who have low motivation, and then with qualitative research method, identified problems are attempted to be solved. Questions for conversations with the students are open-ended and each answer students give is categorized descriptively. In the conclusion and suggestion section, problems that students with low motivation face during the piano training process are listed and suggestions are made for the topic. And it is believed that the results that appear in this study will assist piano trainers in their pedagogical approach towards students.

Keywords:Piano, motivation, music


Abstract No:2297

REVEALING STUDENT EXPECTATIONS TO CONSTRUCT A LEARNER-CENTERED ENVIRONMENT IN DESIGN EDUCATION

Z. Ezgi Haliloglu KahramanCankaya University Department of City and Regional Planning

Today, the education system experiences the dualism between instructor-centered and learner-centered educational approach. Since learner-centered approach promotes active participation and the choice of learners, and the collaboration between the instructor and the learner more than instructor-centered approach, it is more reflective for a democratic and modern educational system. Under this assumption, this paper discusses the initial phase of a study that aims to construct a learner-centered educational environment in the Department of Interior Architecture in Cankaya University in Turkey. It examines the knowledge and skills to be obtained and learning activities to be experienced in design courses through student expectations. Students work in groups to uncover expectations from each level of design courses in undergraduate interior architecture education. The findings of the study present theoretical, applied, social, economic, marketing and management dimensions of knowledge; and designing, management and analytical dimensions of skills. Furthermore, the findings on learning activities of design courses are connected with interaction, communication and student participation. The outcomes of this study totally reflect the students’ choice about knowledge and skills to be acquired, and learning methods to be experienced in design education in interior architecture which may help the Department collaboratively reformulate the content and learning strategies of design courses to construct a learner-centered educational environment.

Keywords:learner-centred education, student participation, design courses


Abstract No:2298

IMPACT OF THE GLOBAL CRISIS ON UNEMPLOYMENT IN TURKEYHAVVA ARABACI

Trakya Üniversitesi

ABSTRACTThe liberalization process of Turkey, after 1980s, affected both its domestic and foreign policies and accelerated its integration to the process of globalization. With the liberalization of the capital movements which spread all over the world in the 1990s, emerging economies vulnerability to external shocks increased.In 2007 United States has experienced a crisis, started in the financial field and in time spread to the real sector and finally in an expanding scope affected the entire economy. In the summer of 2007 crisis erupted in the U.S. housing market, which at the beginning occurred as Mortgage crisis turn into a liquidity crisis through the process, affected real sector after the financial market and continues to spread besides the developed capitalist countries regions.In 2008-2009, like the rest of the world, Turkey also has experienced severe effects of the global crisis. The effects of the economic crisis in 2008 to Turkey can be seen on the main economic indicators such as decline in the industrial production and growth rate and growth of the current account deficit. In this period there was an increase in the unemployment rate due to contraction in the private sector.

Keywords:Globalization, liberalization, crisis, government, unemployment.


Abstract No:2299

The Importance of Education of Speaking Appropriately and Effective during “Individual Voice Training” Course and in the Institutions that

Train Music TeachersYurdagül PERÇİN,Yurdagül PERÇİN

COMU

The initiation of music in Turkey goes back to II. Mahmut period when we proceeded West. After Turkish Republic was founded, music education in our country began profoundly with the Musiki Muallim School that was founded in 1924.When music training programmes and individual voice training programme applications that have been taught in secondary schools and universities so far are analysed, the deficiency of training appropriate and effective talk (diction) in individual voice training courses is observed.In our faculty, in order to solve pronunciation mistakes and the difficulties that are caused by the accents of the students who come from different regions, it is extremely important to implement speech training before music training for teacher candidates to be more effective in their future duties.Individual voice training course contains topics such as: “Taking-holding-giving out breathe properly, voice quality, breath-voice connection, voice-word harmony (prosody), appropriate and effective talk”. Using Turkish correctly and effectively, correct application of vocals and consonants are the basic rules of “individual voice training” course. Language and music language are the most important factors for the recognition of nations .Language, that is the actual element of the culture, is the instrument that connects people and supplies communication. Music, most of all, is a language. Moreover, music, that is both auditory and visual art of communication, is in a mutual interaction with auditory arts and they complete each other. As long as the actions made by voices are collaborated by auditory triggers, they will create more effective stimulus and urge.In this research, evaluations are made as a result of literature review which is about the extent of hypothesize of the “individual voice training course” and also the way it is taught. Finally, solutions and suggestions are given for the practices of the course.

Keywords:Voice, Speak, Music Training,Diction


Abstract No:2300

The Unrecorded Economy and Size of the Unrecorded Economy in TurkeyÇİSEM BAŞARIR

Kırklareli Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İktisat Bölümü

Unrecorded economy concept has long been one of the topics discussed frequently in Turkey. According to the definition widest accepted; all economic activities which is generating income beyond Gross National Product (GNP) calculations. The unrecorded economy includes both illegal economic activities and legal economic activity which is not on the books.Remain outside records of some economic activities leads to significant problems in both developed and developing countries. Despite the measures taken in recent years, the informal economy continues to be one of the most important issue in our country.Accurate and reliable estimate of unrecorded economy depends on the disclosed considering factors that cause the unrecorded economy and the relationship between these factors. The more these reasons are guiding the path to be followed in the fight against unregistered economy is accurate and reliable the more get to results will be easy.By discussing informal economy definition, its causes and effects which are one of the problems of Turkey, evaluating different dimensions of unregistered economy with different measurement methods will be focused on the causes of such differences and unregistered attempt to determine the economy's size.

Keywords:Unregistered economy, GNP Approach, Assessment Approach Through Tax Review, Employment Approach, Monetarist Approach, Econometric Approach, MIMIC Approach.


Abstract No:2302

Awareness Raising of the Cultural Heritage Consciousness Level for Local People, who lives near the Archaeological sites: Aizanoi Example

Elif OzerPamukkale Universitesi Fen-Ed. Fak. Arkeoloji Bolumu

This paper analyzes that the cultural heritage studies which practiced in Aizanoi city example by excavation team for Çavdarhisar people who inhabit upon ancient city today, to make consciousness of the protection the archaeological settlements in their own cities. First cultural heritage studies are began in 2012 excavation season in Aizanoi-Çavdarhisar. It is aimed that awareness of Aizanoi to make open ceremony excavation in Çavdarhisar. It is obtained to meet archaeology students that worn the ancient costumes with the local Çavdarhisar children who are dressed ancient Greek garments by excavation team to agree to the open ceremony of Aizanoi excavation in 2012 season. Another project about cultural heritage is “The Children of Azan Project” which prepared by authority of this subject in Aizanoi excavation team in the same year. It is aimed to use education of art to raise the cultural heritage consciousness level of the local children in Çavdarhisar in the Children of Azan Project. 1. Aizanoi Cultural Heritage Workshop is organized to call all official institutions which are responsible also Aizanoi ancient city such museum, municipality, district, governorship from Çavdarhisar and also Kütahya in Aizanoi excavation house at the end of the excavation season. It is achieved another cultural heritage working in excavation for the children of seasonal workers who came from Urfa in the east of Turkey to work in Çavdarhisar in 2013 season. The cultural heritage study of 2014 excavation season was “1. Aizanoi Public Days”.

Keywords:Cultural Heritage, Aizanoi, Excavation


Abstract No:2305

Financing of Innovative Enterprises with High Growth Potential in their Early Phase of Life : The Case of “Unnado.com”

Nurhan Aydin,Nurhan AydinFaculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Anadolu University, Turkey

Abstract

Entrepreneurship has a very important role in economic development. Today we need entrepreneurs who transform information to products and services, at the same time who take risks and manage them. In order to fill this need, there should be an environment that is suitable for entrepreneurship. If not, many innovative ideas might die even before they wake. One of the principal components of such an environment is financing opportunities, affecting both existing and potential entrepreneurs. Without easy access to finance, business ideas can’t come to live and sustain even if the idea itself is a very good one, or the entrepreneur has a very good wisdom. Easy access to finance in early phase of life is especially vital for innovative, technology-driven, having high growth potential enterprises. Many studies show that many inspired enterprises end up with failure because of insufficient finance resources in their early phases. This study explains the financing options for enterprises in their early phase of life. The financing model of “Unnado.com” is presented. “Unnado.com” was founded by Göktuğ Okan Oğuz and Haldun Uraz Boralılar, who were recognized as “Endeavor Entrepreneurs of 2012” by “Endeavor Türkiye”.

Keywords:Keywords: Seed and Early Stage Finance, Venture Capital


Abstract No:2308

THE REASONS DRIVE TO MOBBING IN HEALTHCARE SECTOR AND THE WAYS OF CHALLENGE İN TURKEY

NECATİ KAYHAN,necati kayhan,DR SÜLEYMAN ERSİN ÜNLÜ,Department of Social Security,University of Karatay, Konya, Turkey

It is noteworthy that mobbing which severely and negatively affects the labor relationships of public and private sectors and the performance of workers in our country for years is noticed in an increasing manner in recent years. However still the increasing complaints and cases related to mobbing problem,having many dimensions as legal, psychological, sociological and likewise, show that the combat with this problem won’t be easy. The major cause of this is that,the issue of the concept of mobbing, its causes, effects and methods of combat are not generally been conscious and aren’t internalized by the manager, worker, community and institutions yet at a desired level. According to the research and observations, high stress, overtime working, fatigue, sleeplessness, inadequate wage, education and support mechanisms, death of sick people, work load that needs high responsibility and unfavourable work relations etc. create an available workplace for mobbing. However, in our country in recent years many measures are been taken into act against this problem in an increasing ratio including many dimensions primarily legal. However, in spite of all these efforts it is considered that in our country the number of workplaces is still very inadequate, even in public, which performs a high quality medium in terms of development and implementation of deterrent legal measures and institutionalization and effective management as a proactive measure aiming protection from mobbing against its workers.For this reason, in terms of efficiency of the strategy which will be followed in our country for combat with the problem, the importance of encouraging studies orienting to information and methods about this issue is undeniable. In this context, according to the Hello 170 line data, the study which was planned to contribute to the solution of mobbing was limited to the health sector which was seen as risk areas having priority.The study is constructed on Ministry of Labor and Social Security Hello 170 line information analysis, our observations as specialists of the issue and because of the limited opportunities a questionnaire data of 59 individuals performed at a state hospital in Gaziantep province besides a comprehensive literature review.Target population of the study was selected among the medical doctors, nurses and other health professionals of Gaziantep state hospital. Within the framework,as the target population was partially homogeneous and our opportunities were limited, a questionnaire prepared specially aiming to

define the problem was applied to 2% of the health professionals selected by random sampling.Additionally in our study current and specific studies related to the subject both in our country and in the West were included as a literature review. As a result, in the light of the questionnaire, interview and current research and investigations related to mobbing in public health sector in our country, it was tried to evaluate the basic causes of this problem and discuss and present the ways of solutions.

Keywords:Mobbing concept, Mobbing in Health Sector in Turkey, Causes and Ways of Challenge


Abstract No:2309

BİLGİSAYAR ANİMASYONLARININ ARKEOLOJİK ALANLARDA EĞİTİM AMAÇLI KULLANIMIAhmet Ozerr

Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Güzel Sanatlar Eğitimi Resim İş Ana Bilim Dalı

Teknolojinin hızla ilerlediği bir çağda ona ayak uydurmaya caba sarf eden toplumlar; çağdaşlığın amacı olan bu tempoyu yakalamak ve yaşadığı toplum içinde çağcıl birey olabilmek için çalışmaktadır. Sosyo-kültürel yaşamımızda bilişim sistemleri hayatımıza vazgeçilmezliği olmazsa olmazlığı kazımıştır. Eğitim ve öğretim sistemi de teknoloji cağının çatısını oluşturmaktadır. Gelişen teknolojinin ürettiği materyallerle eğitim gören bir nesil sorgulayan, yeniyi arayan analiz yetisine sahip toplumların temellerini oluşturacaktır. Öğretim tekniklerinde animasyonların kullanımı öğrenim döngülerinde guruplar arasında homojen bilgilerin oluşmasını sağlamaktadır. Örneğin bir ören yeri gezen gurup etrafında gördüğü harabelere bakarak ve rehberin anlatımları doğrultusunda o anda edinilmiş dar bilgilenme ile etrafındaki yapılar ile ilgili simülasyonlar kurmaya başlar. Ören yerini gezen her birey kendi kişisel hafıza kütüphanesi doğrultusunda beyninde canlandırmalar yapacak yani o geziye katılan herkes farklı kurgular içinde olacaktır. Oysaki ören yerinde kurulacak kiosk sayesinde cağın öngördüğü yazılımlar doğrultusunda oluşturulacak 3D animasyonlarla gezen guruplar için homojen bir bilgilendirmeyle geziyi tamamlamaları sağlanabilir. Ayrıca gezdikleri antik kentin ilk kurulusundan bu yana neler yasayarak bu hale geldiği canlandırılabilir. Antik kentteki sosyo-kültürel yapıyı, gezilen yapıların işlevselliklerini izlemek cağın teknolojisi ile mümkün olacaktır.

Keywords:3D, Kültürel Çalışmalar, Eğitim, Arkeoloji


Abstract No:2310

Analysing of The Violence Against Woman in the Context of Popular Culture

Duygu Altinoluk DuztasDepartment of Sociology, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey

Of the 2000s, one of the most discussed topics on the ‘violence’ showed itself in both Social and private areas and has become a World problem. It can be witnessed ‘violence’ no longer met in life have become commonplace on Tv, in newspapers or on the road everyday. Spouse or child of the beat on the street, shouting, swearing such actions were almost started to turn ordinary images. The violence is hidden behind the screet word ‘power’ of all definitions. Violence occurs where there is balance of power. Violence is the instrumental due to the nature and shows itself in the process of power. Like all the other tools of violence, according to Arendt, always requires guidance of purpose and legitimating with it. The phenomenon of violence against women has been an issue for which there is social. However, the use of busy with today’s mass media tools become visible in society we see. This is one of the most important reasons why the media is due to the reflected to us. Therefore give a general definition of popular culture, will contribute to the understanding of the situation. Popular culture is a completely commercial culture; so is a commodified culture. Everything can be optimized to be sold and be presented as a meta in popular culture and all use in the daily life. No culture can live without public acclaim, people needs to find something of one's own culture for living, if we think about popular culture as a public culture. Otherwise this culture cannot be permanent. Culture is infecting similarity to everything nowadays. Watching movies, listening to the radios and readng magazines generate a system. Each of these areas in their own and also within together is in agreement. Adorno says that “Even The aesthetic expressions of the political opposition agree to adaptation to the steel rhythm”. The role, the attitude and the positioning of women is exhibited more masculine in the media. The Woman vision in the advertising and soap operas of the popular culture's entry is not so innocent; offers himself to us while is negated the underlying presentation. Thought of woman can not go beyond the aesthetic miracle because of popular culture's woman 'objectifies' the attitude is constantly scrutinized. Popular culture has created in the image of women, does not actually exist; but that all women want to draw the image of a woman is. Thus, the female body does not go beyond being a piece of meat. Sex crimes on TV, computer games, bloody films are themes contemporary popular culture of inherited from the past. However, some researchers argue that are the

most common tools for mass communication, such as television violence is whether individuals, children, young people and adults with the same violence at school, the print media, including video games, the Internet, the book, in traffic, on the street and they faced at home. According to them, it is no longer the case on television violence and real life violence leaves intertwined in each other. Today's ads hide the effects of the contemporary violence tools and violence is offered to us in manner that different and exciting in the mass media. This paper discusses how the popular culture-also the media- supports the violence of women.

Keywords:violence, women's study, mass media, popular culture


Abstract No:2311

Protection of Personal Data In Health Law And Patient PrivacyMurat Volkan Dulger

School of Law, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey

The importance of personal data appreciated with the development of the technology and the spread of the internet. As a result of the widespread use of internet, handwritten informations filed by a limited number of people was opened to everyone lawfully or unlawfully related or unrelated to personal data. Especially seizing, sharing and procesing personal health data, which called “sensitive data” through illegal methods, can cause serious damages as discrimination. However, sharing these information is a violation of right to private life, patient privacy right and the obligation of doctor - patient confidentiality. Despite the importance of this issue, Turkey does not have a code on the protection of personal data. In our study, international legislations on personal data protection and the regulations that Turkey already had, are discussed in the light of the implementation in our country.

Keywords:Personal data, sensitive personal data, right of patients, privacy of personal health data, right to privacy, medical confidentiality.


Abstract No:2312

GROWTH OF POPULATION AND POPULATION POLICIES IMPLEMENTED IN TURKEY BETWEEN 1965 AND 2014Ozlem Sertkaya Dogan

Istanbul University Department of Geography, Istanbul,Turkey

Countries may periodically implement different policies with regard to the amount of their populations. While these policies sometimes aim at increasing the population depending on the countries’ level of development, they sometimes restrict the population growth rate. Generally, it is possible to mention about two periods for Turkey in terms of population policies. Whereas pronatalist policy, in other words, reproduction policy (population-increasing) was followed in the first period, which lasted from the beginning years of the Republic until 1965 in our country, antinatalist policies, that is, policies for decreasing the population growth (restricting the population growth rate) were initiated in the second period after this year.Our population generally had a tendency to increase in the period between 1927 and 1965. The years of the Second World War (1939-1945) were a period when great population losses were experienced in our country just like the whole world. There were decreases in the populations and population growth rate because of the reasons such as: a majority of the male population was fighting at the front, family unions were dispersed and medical care and medicine couldn’t be supplied sufficiently. In order to prevent the negative effects of this situation, population-increasing policies were followed between 1927 and 1965. As of 1960s, it started to appear that population-increasing policies, which had been adopted in the Republic Period, weren’t valid any more under the circumstances of that time. Turkey had to produce various policies in many fields within the new system depending on the changes and developments that occurred in the world conjuncture. Especially after 1965, our country brought new initiatives with respect to population (Doğan, M., 2013:27).Peace and trust environment, psychological relaxing, increase in the national income, technology developing over time, improvement of health services, hygienization of nourishment and accommodation conditions and increase in the transportation and communication opportunities, which were caused by the adoption of multi-party democratic regime after the Second World War, had an effect on the population growth. Population policies implemented in Turkey after 1965 developed in a reverse way, because the population increased more quickly and a lot more than expected. From this

year onwards, a policy was implemented to decrease the population growth rate.

Keywords:TURKEY,POPULATION,POPULATION POLICIES


Abstract No:2315

"Traditional Bring up of Children in Diyarbakir"Abdurrahim Özmen

Dicle Üniversity, Faculty of Literature

Children, as a living type, is an indespensable element of human reproduction itself. However, children must live depending on their mother or others in contrast of many other animals, since “newborn children come into the world uncompletely” (Kılıçbay 1999). This fact enables the children to be an indespensable element for reconstruction of human itself and cultural reconstruction of its society/community. Children, the indespensable element of transfer and reproduction of generation and property, is seen as a “tabula rasa” in accordance of image that human assign for itself and “constructed” in accordance of human wishes.

The research of cultural impact on child development in antropology began in 1930’s by Margaret Mead. Mead stressed that child was not passive as agreed and has a particular world of itself. Although the studies about the child’s place in society, the cultural definition of childhood, the children’s socialisation and development were carried out, the interest was predominantly on children’s education for the purposes of preparation of children for adults’ roles. Nevertheless, it can not be said that this case defines the childhood and its place in society.In Turkey, the studies on children are rather consantrated on how children are brought as entities of their parents. The formation of children, in the context of social reconstruction, was left to traditions until a certain age and then to formel education, but it can not said that there is an adequate coherence between these two institutions. It is children who were heavily effected by that incoherence. Accordingly, the reconstruction of the society develops problematicly.

In this context, through this research that is analyse the children-bringing up ways traditionally in Diyarbakır, it is going to be understood that what a social life ideal and what a society people imagine by the mediation of different parts of society’s point of view.

Keywords:childe, childhood, culture, taradition, cultural reconstruction of the society


Abstract No:2316

The impact of EU funding on the Romanian economy: three economic policy scenarios

Giuseppe Fiorani, Antonella Cavallo, Sergio Calliari

Department of Economy, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, viale Berengario 51, 41121 Modena, Italy

The debate on the impact of EU funding on the Romanian economy is relevant. How should economic and social cohesion policies be implemented, in order to accelerate the convergence process? Our contribution to the debate is twofold: an ex-post examination of the effects of EU funds on the Romanian economy between 2007 and 2013 and an ex-ante analysis of the expected impact of EU financing for the next programming period 2014-2020. For both exercises we use an ad hoc macro-econometric model (R.GREM 2.0) designed to account for medium to long term dynamics in the Romanian economy and classify EU Funds in three main economic categories: Physical Infrastructure, Human Resources and Direct Aid to the Productive Sector. In the ex-post analysis we find that in the absence of EU Funds, the economy would have grown at a slower rate. Then, we simulate the results of three different economic policy scenarios for the 2014-2020 period. The baseline scenario assumes no EU funding is available over the next seven years. The first alternative scenario (“realistic”) describes a situation only an insufficient 40% of available resources are actually used. In the second alternative scenario (“optimistic”) the absorption capacity improves considerably and the expenditure rate reaches 80% of allocated resources. We estimate an average increase in the growth rate of GDP ranging between 0.5% in the realistic scenario and 2.5% in the most optimistic one. Our results suggest that increasing the proportions of funding for private investment leads to more marked effects. Keywords: macro-economic model, Romania, EU Funds, Evaluation


Abstract No:2317

LOVE OF COUNTRY IN İSMAİL BİLGİN’S HEROES OF INDEPENDENCE STORIESMustafa BİLGEN

Karasenir Mah. 26005 Sok. Nr:10

‘To raise citizens who love and protect their country’ statement is among the general purposes of Turkish National Education. This purpose is one of the tasks of not only official institutions but also authors of children’s literature who direct people. This study aims to ascertain love of country in children’s stories that are about Independence War. It is a qualitative study in survey type. The study is limited to the book set of İsmail Bilgin which is about Heroes of Independence and consists of twenty stories. Data were collected by reading twenty stories seperately and writing down the parts where love country was told. Content analysis was used to evaluate obtained data. In twenty stories about Heroes of Independence, struggle of people from all ages, job, gender and character to save their country from enemies, was told. Love of country was given in the stories through telling self-sacrifice of people made in hard conditions not to live under captivity. And also, the way to keep the lands of one’s country, it is necessary to be brave, in unity, determined and work hard message was implied in the stories.

Keywords:Love of Country, Children’s literature, Heroes of Independence, Story, İsmail BİLGİN


Abstract No:2318

ISTANBUL: THE MEGA CITYMesut Dogan

Istanbul University Faculty of Letters Department of Geography Room no. 718 Laleli- Istanbul, Turkey

It is Istanbul which is at the most strategic point of Turkey, which is located in a prominent position in the world. Istanbul is a world city today. It is a mega city affecting the world and affected by the world in terms of economic, political, military, social and culture aspects. This mega city, the history of which goes back to very old times, is moving towards being a financial center on one hand and has become one of the world's major transportation hubs while standing out as the areas mentioned on the other hand. It is also a preferred tourism center for its ancient history and natural beauty.

Istanbul entered into change and development in economic and social areas after conquered by Mehmet the Conqueror in 1453. The people were started to be guided with the new educational institutions opened. The feature of the religious buildings of Istanbul, which had been governed by the Christian Culture for hundreds of years changed, mosques began to be built instead of churches. Muslims and non-Muslim societies started to live together. Economic and political developments taking place in the world also deeply affected the communities. Particularly the industry movements in 18th century made great contribution to the Western World. Ottoman Empire which had remained behind in this sense then began to invest in Istanbul in order to adapt the world's industrial development.

Keywords:Turkey, İstanbul, Megacity


Abstract No:2319

The ways Yezidi refugee women cope with trauma and surviveEda Erdener

Bingol University Psychology Department

This research aims to show how Yezidi women who stay in Turkey as refugees cope with the trauma that stems from the genocide by Iraq-Sham Islamic State (ISIS) in Shingal, Iraq in 2014. Interviews had been made in order to support those women psychologically and the current paper is based on those interviews.

The study was conducted in February 2015 with women who stay approximately 6 months at the Yezidi Refugee Camp, which is in Diyarbakir (Amed), Turkey. After giving the informed consent form, depth-interviews had been made with 20 women. Furthermore, the experiences and coping strategies of women who are working voluntarily or as paid workers took place in the current study.

The results showed that the coping and survival strategies of Yezidi women are as follow: The state of readiness and mental acceptance which stem from being exposed to 73 genocides due to their religion; embracing the religious and cultural ritual more than before; dense doubt and resistance to any change and support from other cultures; feeling grateful to be alive; the hope to start a new life in Europe; the desire to continue their lineage; holding on the daily life and house chores; the collective mourning rituals; attempts to strengthening the women solidarity and forming a women assembly; the idea of armed resistance, which is banned by their religion, after the support from Kurdish freedom movement; talking frequently about the genocide but not the sexual attacks…

Keywords:Yezidis, women, trauma, survival


Abstract No:2321

Security in Cyber AgeSuat Donmez

PLATO Meslek Yüksek Okulu Ayvansaray cd.No.45,Balat 34087 İstanbul Türkiye

Security in cyber ageDigital age with its all aspects started to overwhelm our life. There is no escape from this phenomenon. Together with all positive changes on daily life certainly there are many side effects of this development in different fields. Security in general is one of these areas that need special attention. Conventional schools of thought on security had been developed in times when there were no digital age concerns. The digital security issues have influenced security at international and national levels. Recent developments are forcing us to consider this newly growing domain in a rather serious manner; Cyber domain. Cyber domain does and will continue to exist and surely occupy more and more trenches in the security field. Thus, security concepts need to be revised and further developed accordingly.This paper intends to trigger ideas and offers new perspectives in these fields by drawing attention to emerging cyber domain from security perspective in light of several questions. Are we ready to include this new domain into our practices while dealing with security issues? Apart from conceptual thinking do we have enough baselines for legal aspects of this domain? Does the very nature of this domain allow us to deal with its consequences? International and national law, both are not inclusive to cover and handle the issues stemming from this domain. Besides this newly emerged domain cannot be governed properly and we definitely have a governance problem. By examining these areas this paper conceptualizes the problem and provides framework for further studies.

Keywords:cyber age,security,cyber domain


Abstract No:2322

Relationship Between Personality Traits and Financial Behaviors of Academic Staff: A Survey on Vocational Schools of SDU

Mehmet Dinc,Professor Mehmet GENCTURK,Lecturer Mehmet DINC,aSSİST. pROF. H. Basar ONEM

Isparta Vocational School, University of Suleyman Demirel

AbstractIndividuals who need to behave in a manner of rationality engage in financial behaviors nearly every day and these behaviors influence their financial well-being (Dew and Xiao, 2011:43). The level of individuals’ financial well-being depends on the ability to manage financial resources and financial behaviors effectively.Personally, managing the financial behaviors effectively is important for each individual whatever he or she has got profession (Chinen and Endo, 2012:778) and represent a challenging debate in the literature. Personal financial management becoming more of a challenge due to particularly a world where uncertainties prevail; owing to continous change, individuals are frequently confronted with new financial challenges, which, culminate in uncertainties concerning their financial position and future financial well-being (van Deventer, de Klerk and Beyan-Dye, 2014:111); increasing complexity and relatively limitless choices among options for products such as loans, investment, saving and retirement plans in financial market (Mandell and Klein, 2009:16).A combination of internal and external factors influence a person’s financial behaviors. Internal factors which affect that kind of behaviors describe the framework involving unique to each individual and inclde skills, knowledge and personal characteristics. Personality represents one of the these internal factors (Hira, 2012:16).The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there were relationships between vocational school academicians’ self-reported financial behaviors and personality tendencies. The Family Resource Management (FRM) Theory provided the conceptual rationale to understand differences in financial behavior and determine the conceptual framework toward to relationships of Big Five personality traits. Two hundred eight instructors from vocational schools of Süleyman Demirel University completed a survey using the Big Five Inventory (Alkan, 2007) and the Financial Management Behavior Scale (FMBS) (Dew and Xiao, 2011:58). In order to test the planned hypothesis in accordance with these two variables (personality and financial behavior), correlation analysis and regression analysis were preferred. Achieving findings from this study were discussed in a context

both researchers for future studies and practitioners that work in a institutions such as banking, insurance and investment companies.

Keywords:Financial Behavior, Financial Management, Big Five, Personality, Academic Staff


Abstract No:2323

OPINIONS OF CLASSROOM TEACHERS AND NORMALLY DEVELOPING CHILDREN ON INCLUSIVE PRACTICE

Remziye Ceylan,Remziye Ceylan,Neriman Aral,Early Childhood Teacher,Yildiz Technical Universitiy,Istanbul, Turkey

The present study was aimed at investigating the opinions of elementary classroom teachers and normally developing children who had children with special needs in their classrooms. To that end, the researcher conducted interviews with 10 teachers who worked at elementary schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Edirne province and had children with special needs included in their classrooms, and 10 normally developing children attending the same classrooms. In the study where phenomenology, a qualitative research design, was used, the data collected through interviews was analyzed with content analysis. The results revealed that both the classroom teachers and the students were not sufficiently knowledgeable on the subject of inclusion. Most of the teachers stated that children with special needs and normally developing children were similar as the activities they both enjoyed were common, that children with special needs who had mild disabilities could benefit more from inclusive education, and that they mostly required support from special education experts and families during inclusive practice. The most common difficulties the teachers experienced were behavioral problems in the children with special needs, and issues regarding lessons and social acceptance. As a solution, the teachers suggested the provision of educational support. Furthermore, the study revealed that half of the children participating in the study did not play with the children with special needs, and that almost none of the children mentioned the children with special needs when asked about the classmates they liked the most and the least.

Keywords:Inclusion, classroom teacher, children with special needs, inclusive practice


Abstract No:2324

ANALYZE OF PAİNT STUDIES WITH DRAMA METHOD OF 7 YEARS OLD CEREBRAL PALSY HEMIPARESİS PATIENTHUSEYIN UYSAL,HUSEYIN UYSAL

Department of Fine Arts Education, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey

In this study researcher worked with 7 years old cerebral palsy hemiparesis patient who lives in Bartın. Before the study, both family and kid stated that the kid doesn’t like to paint. First researcher asked the kid to paint for answering “Does drama method can affect the aspect of 7 years old cerebral palsy patient about painting?” When the kid started to paint with the surveillance of consultant, kid was disturbed in the first try and leaved the room. This study took 6 weeks. In second week, before the painting study, drama method applied about the relative painting topic. When the study started with the drama, kid was willing to paint. At the end of the study, researcher observed that colors in the kid’s paints started to has variety and shapes started to their places easily. The study was qualitative research. In the study, qualitative research methods like interviews, document analysis of qualitative data, observation was used to combine senses with reality. Study data obtained from kid’s paintings, researchers notes, interviews from kid and kid’s family.

Keywords:Cerebral Palsy, Hemiparesis, Painting, Drama


Abstract No:2325

Legality and social controlMariateresa Gammone

Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Coppito (L'Aquila), Italy

Legality assures the rule of law in formal proceedings. But what’s legal isn’t always ethical. In classical thinking, dangerousness, biology, social defense, security, were at the first place; now democracy, human rights, life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, are at the first place.

Keywords:Sociology, legality, social control, education, security.


Abstract No:2326

Ecocriticism and Graphic Novel: The FountainTuncer Yilmaz,Meral Birinci

Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Letters, Department of English Language and Literature, Trabzon, Turkey

Graphic novel is relatively a new form of literature which combines narrative with visual art. Its tendency toward showing, rather than telling made it quite popular among the contemporary consumers of literature. As it is mainly based on sequentially designed images in a comic-strip format, and using as less words as possible, it is possible to read graphic novel much faster than traditional novels. One of the latest and most influential examples of graphic novel is The Fountain, which is written by Darren Aronofsky and illustrated by Kent Williams. The novel tells three different stories from three different time periods all of which are somehow connected to each other. It pictures the thousand year struggle of man to discover the mysteries of love, death and rebirth in accordance with nature. This paper aims at analyzing the role of nature and the tree of life by an ecocritical approach.

Keywords:Graphic Novel, Ecocriticism, The Fountain


Abstract No:2327

EVALUATION OF THE SUPPLIERS IN THE SOUTH AGEAN REGION WITH REGARD TO THE CRITICAL FACTORS OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM)

Kamil Bircan,Kamil BİRCANDepartment of International Logistics and Transportation, Faculty of Söke Business Administration, Adnan Menderes University, Söke-Aydın-TÜRKİYE

Suppliers have a high potential of rapid growth due to the progress in the legislation and infrastructure. Moreover, as the suppliers serve in all sectors, they can take the pulse of both the business life and the economic atmosphere. By this means, they can predict the risks. This feature forms a strategical value. Suppliers make plans by considering many positive and negative effects faced in daily life, in detail. In uncertain conditions, suppliers determine the strategies by taking many possibilities into account. Under this study, we applied a survey through face to face interview method to 50 suppliers in Aydın, Muğla, Denizli, which we believe to have the mentioned vision. In this study, following an analysis of the long term labour policies, quality of work and communication skills, perception of these 50 suppliers regarding the system will be put forward.

Keywords:Logistics, Supply Chain Management,


Abstract No:2328

The Perception Of Turkey And The World Among The Business Community ProfessionalsAli Murat Vural

Faculty of Communication, Istanbul University, Beyazıt Istanbul, Turkey

Advancement and spread of communication technologies, staying informed about everything and easy access to information, rapid and unlimited movement of goods, capital, politics and culture, witnessing different life styles and cultures, hegemony of international powers and the discomfort caused by it, individuals becoming more and more isolated in this globalizing, communicating and standardizing world caused the rise of “localization” or in other words glocalization. A new type of person has emerged, someone who can’t let go of the past, who benefits perfectly from today’s blessings, who has ambitious objectives for the future and who is passionate yet concerned. The mind blowing progress in science and technology of particularly the last three decades has been perceived as “change” in industrially and economically advanced countries such as the USA, EU, Canada and Japan, where the same progress is perceived as “transformation” in advancing economies such as Turkey where glocalization makes stronger sense. The fact that individuals are ever more informed about what’s going on in the world and in their countries result in forming a perception in their minds about the world as well as their own countries. Regardless of socio-economic status, education level and cultural sophistication, now all individuals hold an opinion, though not information. For this reason, in order to determine the feelings, opinions, concerns, tendencies and behaviors of people it’s critical to understand their perception vis-a-vis the world and their countries.This study aims to put forward a goal-oriented research as well as data acquired from a limited sample. The scientific data of the study has been compiled beetween 2011-2014 and from a sample of 1020 respondents working in ten different sectors in Turkey. The perception of the respondents, working in different sectors, about the world and Turkey may not be generalized to the whole population, but it can surely present a significant indicator. The research has been conducted through “common sense meetings” organized in employees’ companies, organizations and corporation. Respondents were asked about their perceptions on the world and Turkey regardless of their jobs, sectors and political views. Data was collected based on face-to-face interviews with 190 people from ready-to-wear and leather goods sector, 30 people from IT sector, 8 people from logistics, 190 from food sector, 90 from industrial construction and energy sector, 250 from public

transportation, 60 from local administrations (municipalities), 7 from real-estate, 170 from automotive and 25 people from the education sector.

Keywords:Perception, Communication, Glocalization


Abstract No:2329

Migration, Themed Documentary Films and approaches of DirectorsA.Filiz Susar

Tirebolu Communication Faculty, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey

Documentary cinema is performing its mission of witnessing history, perhaps mostly by relying on the memory of people. It also serves to a different history writing, by travelling into individual and collective memory through oral history techniques,.beyond the official history writing. Migration stories have always been the subject of interest of cinema. Especially there are so many immigration stories produced in documentary cinema. In this study, through examples of immigration themed documentary films, causes and styles of directors’ handling the theme will be discussed. What are the underlying causes of documentary film directors’ interests in migration? What are the roles of social awareness, appeal of the subject, migration stories in the family history when making a choice of the subject? To what extent "Oral History" technique is used? All the answers to these questions will be tried to be answered on the basis of the films on Turkish-Greek Population Exchange which occurred as a result of the Treaty of Lausanne signed in 1923. Some of the films that will be analyzed in this context are; “Ayrılığın Yurdu Hüzün: Kayaköy”, “Güzelyurt”, “Zamanın Durduğu Yer: Kaya Köyü” and “Suyun İki Yakasının Hikâyesi”.

Keywords:documentary cinema, migration, oral history, the exchange


Abstract No:2330

Concept, Content and Form in Literary Journalism: The American ExperienceMurat Erdem

Department of American Culture and Literatture, Faculty of Letters, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

Literary Journalism can be defined as the reflection of facts and events in various communication channels through use of literary form and techniques. In this sense, the literary figures who also bear the journalist identity have created short stories based on facts, literary reportage, narrative/creative non-fiction as the example texts of literary journalism. However literary journalism does not only mean to use literary techniques to express an event or incident, but it also gets the journalist involve in experiencing the event personally which will eventually create a subjective perspective. In the late 19th century, the “realism” movement in American literature and “yellow journalism” in American journalism created a fertile ground where rich and resourceful texts of literary journalism were produced. Such literary figures, Mark Twain, Stephen Crane, William Dean Howells, Upton Sinclair and Ernest Hemingway have started their careers as reporter or journalist and created their Works unconventional to the previous decades, which is closer to the form of literary journalism. At those times, Joseph Pulitzer and Randolph Hearst were the founder of modern journalism which contributed to mass culture and reached mass society and has also sustained literary journalism directly or indirectly. This paper aims at presenting to introduce literary journalism which can be considered as a new term in Turkish experience. It will also focus on the differences between conventional journalism and literary journalism by refereeing some major examples from American experience in literary journalism.

Keywords:Literary Journalism, American Realism, Advocacy Journalism


Abstract No:2331

A STUDY ON JOB ADS OF HOTEL BUSINESSES FOR WOMEN EMPLOYEESYASİN BOYLU,Ebru ARSLANER,Günay EROL,

Gazi University, Faculty of Tourism, Gölbaşı, Ankara, TURKEY

Hospitality industry which has a labour-intensive nature, represents a women labour intensity at the point of serving due to its spesific assignments which may demand women labour. This situation necessarily leads hotel businesses to prefer women during their employing processes. The aim of this study is to determine the criteria as that hotels use while employing women employees during the employment process. In this context, job ads for women employees which are published on a Turkey based human resources firm’s website will be examined. Job ads will be searched with “hotel” and “women” key words and the positions which determined will be tested through content analysis. With the data on hand, a profile about “women employee” choice will be drawn, in which departments hotels need women employees will be determined and which features are taken into consideration during selection process of women employees will be determined. In this context, recommendations for hotel businesses, potential women employees and literature will be given.

Keywords:Job Ads, Women Employee, Hotel


Abstract No:2332

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIORS OF PEOPLE WORKING AS SUPPORT

PERSONNEL OF A STATE HOSPITALÖmer Gider,Ömer Gider,Saffet Ocak,

Department of Health Management, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey

Organizational justice is a concept related to workers’ perception of how justly they are treated in their organizations. This perception may affect organizational citizenship behavior. In literature, organizational citizenship behavior is defined as voluntary personal behavior not formally recognized directly or indirectly within the reward system of the organization but enabling the organization to function effectively as a whole. Organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior; as in other sectors, are of great importance for health organizations where the specialization and functional dependency levels are quite high. When the workers of health organizations established to meet health needs of the society think that they are treated justly in their organizations, then their devotion to their organizations is expected to increase. The purpose of the current study is to determine the level of the relationship between the perceived organizational justice and organizational citizenship behaviors of the support personnel working in a state hospital and the socio-demographic factors affecting this level. The universe of the study consists of the support personnel working in a state hospital located in the City of Muğla. The data collection instrument of the study is a questionnaire. “Organizational Justice Scale” developed by Colquitt (2001) is used. The scale includes 20 items to elicit workers’ perception of organizational justice. A questionnaire form constructed based on organizational citizenship scales developed by Podsakoff, MacKenzie and Hui (1993) and Organ (1988) is used to investigate organizational citizenship behaviors.

Keywords:rganizational justice, organizational citizenship, hospitals


Abstract No:2333

THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING ON PATIENT SAFETY: A STUDY ON THE NURSES WORKING IN A STATE HOSPITALSaffet Ocak,Saffet Ocak,Ömer Gider,Esra Koyuncu Yaşar

Department of Health Management, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of social capital and knowledge sharing on patient safety. Though the research conducted nationally and internationally on patient safety provides an important source of information to discuss the developments in the field, it is seen that there is almost no study addressing the effect of social capital and knowledge sharing that can influence hospitals’ activities on patient safety. Therefore, it can be argued that there is a very important gap in the literature. The present study aiming to help fill this void will be conducted on the nurses working in a state hospital. The reason for the selection of the nurses for the sampling of the study is that they are serving the function of an interface in the provision of health services and they can play an important role in determination of the quality of these services. The data of the study will be collected through a questionnaire and quantitative research method will be used. Five-point Likert type scale developed by Chang et al. (2011) will be used to collect the data. The questionnaire consists of 2 sections. The first section includes items to elicit the demographic features of the nurses and in the second section, there are items to elicit the participants’ opinions about social capital, knowledge sharing and patient safety. The analysis of the data will be conducted through SPSS program package. The findings of the analysis will be discussed to make some contributions to the literature.

Keywords:social capital, knowledge sharing, patient safety


Abstract No:2335

ICT, heath, and effectiveness of educationFatma LORCU,Fatma LORCUT.Ü. İ.İ.B.F. Edirne

The impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been felt in almost all sectors that are particularly important in heath sector and education sector. The benefits and positive externalities of the technologies affect not only patients and the health professionals but also the general population and due to health system efficiency. ICT also has had a major impact on the education sector, on organization and on teaching and learning methods. In this study, the relationship between education indicators, health indicators and ICT efficiency have been explained by statistical methods included Canonical Correlation (CC) and Path Analysis Methods (PAM).

Keywords:ICT, Education, Health


Abstract No:2336

HOW WE DO SOCIAL ACTS WITH SPEECH?Sedat Ince

Mugla Sitki Kocman Universitesi, Egitim Fakultesi, Yabanci Diller Egitimi Bolumu, Alman Dili Egitimi Anabilim Dali, 48000 Mugla, Turkey

The aim of this study is to give a bride overview of how the speech-act acts on our social behavior. According to Austin, Searle, Pierce, Grice, Habermas and others, whose were looking to utterances in this way, the study will try to show how the speech became a social act and influence the behavior of individuals? When people speak they perform an act. This act is in the main time a social behavior. Speech act in linguistics and the philosophy of language is an utterance that has performative function in language and communication. The term goes back to Austin. He developed performative utterances and the theory of locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts. Speech acts are commonly taken to include such acts as promising, ordering, greeting, warning, inviting and congratulating. In this meaning language was viewed primarily as a way of making factual assertions. Later Wittgenstein increase the idea of "don't ask for the meaning, ask for the use." showing language as a new vehicle for social activity. Wittgenstein believed meaning derives from pragmatic tradition, demonstrating the importance of how language is used to accomplish objectives within specific situations. By following rules to accomplish a goal, communication becomes a set of language games. This and following theories of the speech-act are going to be explained with examples in this study, to show how the language goes social.

Keywords:linguistics, speech-act, Austin, Searle, Wittgenstein, social behavoir


Abstract No:2338

Freedom to All Sentient Beings: A Case Study of Animal Rights Activism in Turkey

Sercan Kıyak,Ezgi BurganSociology Dep. Mugla Uni. Turkey

The animal rights activism is a comparatively new social movement that is now pushing its agenda for ending the suffering of animals and recognition of their rights. The extend of the movement has recently been illustrated by a protest against Kisirkaya Detention Centre for street animals in Istanbul. The demonstration was powerful, gathering more than 100 civil society organisations and receiving good media attention. The purpose of this research is to show a relatively comprehensive picture of the trajectory and current situation of the contemporary animal rights social movement in Turkey. As societies are not homogenous monolithic entities, so does the animal rights movement. It consists of people from different social, economic and political backgrounds. Similarly in the institutional level, there is a plurality of groups and organisations. Influenced by contemporary theoretical approaches to social analysis, the current animal rights movement in Turkey will be taken up as a social assemblage that consists of heterogeneous parts. To create a cartography of this assemblage; the discourses and particularities of its parts will be analysed and sorted, based on their documents, websites and similar materials. Moreover the members of the most prominent parts of this assemblage (Freedom to Earth Society, Abolitionist Vegan, Animal Rights Federation and Animal Liberation Front) will be further interviewed about turning points and events that is important for the movement. The importance will be given to locate the particularities of different actors that effected the development of animal rights movement in Turkey.

Keywords:assemblage theory, social movements, animal rights, activism


Abstract No:2339

The impact of organizatioanl culture on educational innovations in higher education: views of Turkish academicians

Aysun Caliskan,Chang ZhuCanakkale 18 Mart University

Organizational culture refers to the complex set of ideologies, traditions, commitments, and values that are shared throughout the organization and that influence how the organization conducts its whole performance becoming a potential source of innovation. To be able to make educational innovation, cultural values and norms of the organizations should be powerful and shared by the organization’s members. Relative to the many types of higher education institutions, higher education institutions face some operating conditions in Turkey. The impact of organizational culture on educational innovation from the view point of academicians is a very unique approach since their views are critically important for building educational innovation.

The aim of this study is to specify Turkish academicians’ views on the impact of organizational culture and educational innovations with regard to cultural values and norms, educational creativity, freedom and rewards. This research is a qualitative study whose sample is comprised of 20 academicians working at different universities in Turkey. In the study, an interview form including eight open-ended questions is used to be able to get the views of the participants. The interviews are recorded with the confirmation of participants. “Descriptive analysis technique” is going to be used in analyzing the data. It is expected to reach a conclusion by discussing the findings in a detailed process.

Keywords:organizational culture, educational innovation, higher education, Turkish academicians


Abstract No:2340

Quality assurance policies in higher education in BelgiumAysun Caliskan,Hasan ArslanCanakkale 18 Mart University

Quality assurance is an issue about developing the quality of education, research and management, so quality assurance is the responsibility of everyone in an educational institution although the top management sets the policies and priorities. Quality assurance promotes good practices in maintenance and improvement of quality in higher education. Higher education is expected to meet the demands of changing labor market. Competitiveness and economic changes have become driving forces for most European countries seeking international recognition of their universities. For these reasons, in 1999 the European countries signed the Bologna Process which is an agreement between European countries designed to ensure comparability in the quality of higher education qualifications. The purpose of this study is to examine the quality assurance policies of the universities in the Flemish community in Belgium which are renowned worldwide and have developed an external and internal quality assurance system. This research is a qualitative study whose sample is comprised of 12 academic leaders in six Flemish Universities in Belgium. In the study, an interview form including eight open-ended questions is used to be able to get the views of the participants. The interviews are recorded with the confirmation of participants. “Descriptive analysis technique” is going to be used in analyzing the data. It is expected to reach a conclusion by discussing the findings in a detailed process.

Keywords:quality assurance, higher education, Bologna process, European countries


Abstract No:2341

THE ROLE OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION TO DEVELOP GOOD BEHAVIOUR IN THE MUSIC CLASS – TWO GESTURES THAT COULD HELP THE MUSIC TEACHER TO SAVE

TIME AND NOISEMeglena Apostolova

Music Department, Shumen University, Bulgaria

Teaching Music is a big challenge for the teacher with regard to discipline and behavior matters. The music class is an artistic and at the same time – a noisy place. There are students practicing their own instruments, singing or practicing in groups, composing a music piece or setting up a new song, students discussing music performances or adding movements to a song… The music room is a creative place and that is the way it should be, and that is why it’s noisy and difficult to manage.The art of music is the global non-verbal language that everybody learns how to understand to some level. Performing music is even more dependent on non-verbal communication, because the musicians need to contact each other without making any noise – the Music is the only sound on the stage. How do the musicians make contact then? How they understand each other? How they know when exactly is the right moment to start together, to change the performing expression, to breath or to finish the musical piece? - by gestures. The person who learns music should be taught how to understand the language of gestures too. The Music class is the best place for this kind of education.This article is about three simple gestures that could help the music teacher to contact students without talking, to give them non-verbal signals for changing the activities and something more – to conduct whole school performances at school assembles or other school activities, avoiding the noise before and after the performance

Keywords:Discipline, behavior, teaching music, non-verbal signals, gestures


Abstract No:2343

Evaluation of Awareness of Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage Consciousness by Local People: Sillyon Example

Murat TaşkiranPamukkale Üniversitesi Fen-Ed. Fak. Arkeoloji Bolumu Kampus Denizli Turkey

Throughout the history, taking place in unification-conflict point of many cultures and civilizations, Sillyon carries cultural heritage of many civilizations. In this article, from the privacy of the ancient city of Sillyon, located in Serik-Yanköy Kocagözler in Antalya region, tangible and intangible Cultural Heritage will be evaluated through the eyes of the local people. In this study, the effect of cultural heritage and current awareness will be explained with two examples. The first of these, as “the awareness of tangible Cultural Heritage”, will be preservation of the ancient structure and transferring to the posterity by considering the viewpoints of local people to the Sillyon, who sitting in Kocagözler within the protected area of the ancient Sillyon. The second example, as “intangible Cultural Heritage awareness”, will be transferring of Alevi-Bektashi belief seen in Sillyon and environment as of 13th century to the present day through the eyes of Alevi population living in Yanköy. Dependent on The Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage which adopted by UNESCO, is mainly based upon the principles of the “keeping alive” how to preserve and transfer the belief of Alevi’s in Yanköy the posterity will be discussed. With a general statement, tangible and intangible cultural heritage have been evaluated by local people, and cultural heritage and preserving it have been explained by making various speeches in these matters. Also, on these two examples, preserving tangible and intangible cultural heritage by perpetuating and the sustainability of the studies on this matter have been discussed.

Keywords:Sillyon, Cultural Heritage, Awareness of Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage


Abstract No:2346

Parental Influences and Socialization of Children in RomaniaAniela Matei

NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR LABOUR AND SOCIAL PROTECTION-INCSMPS, SOCIAL POLICIES DEPARTMENT, 6-8, POVERNEI STREET, BUCHAREST

Parents are the primary agents of socialization and hold the great influence on child behaviour in early childhood, considered to be a crucial period of socialization. The family type and the parenting styles have significant influence on socialization process. Although the notion of socialization became less central to sociological debates, the idea of families having a major role in primary socialization process is still quite central (Gillies, 2011). The present paper analyses the factors affecting socialization of children in Romanian families. The first part of the paper will be dedicated to a review of literature regarding the influence of the family in the socialization process of children. In the second part the author will present the results of a study case conducted in Bucharest in 2015 using a research methodology based on PAPI questionnaire with parents having children between 0 and 7 years enrolled in ECEC services. The analysis will focus on manner of exercising parenting styles in Romanian family. The factors affecting socialization of children will be also highlighted according to the data from the field survey. The results have implications for researchers, policy makers and practitioners from the family policy area.

Keywords:socialization process, parenting styles, family, ECEC services, family policy


Abstract No:2350

IN HOSPİTALITY BUSINESS THE EFFECT OF BODY LANGUAGE TO SELF SELLİNGNESE KAFA,NESE KAFA,CANAN SAGIROGLU,

Adiyaman Üniversity, Faculty of Tourism, Adiyaman, Turkey.

In previous years, the communication differences were less evident in societies’ cultural aspect. But, today, with the effect of technological developments, differentiations in understanding of societies and in cultural features reflects to both verbal and non-verbal communication. In each part of the society, the importance of non-verbal (body language) communication has a vital place in realizing the communication successfully.

Big parts of the sales in accommodating administrations taking part in service sector realizes as individual sale. In this aspect, the success of individual sale is closely related to correct usage of body language of accommodation administrations’ personnel. The aim of this study is composed of the importance of body language in realizing successful sales in accommodation administrations and also determining how body language affects individual sale.

Keywords:Body language, individual sale, non-verbal communication.


Abstract No:2351

POVERTY REDUCTION IN SUSTAINABLE TOURISM AND CASE STUDY OF AFRICANESE KAFA,NESE KAFA,CANAN SAGIROGLU,

Adiyaman University Faculty of Tourism,Adiyaman,Turkey

Nowadays, environmental subject’s attentions have been increased for example; decreasing of natural resources, beginnig the extinction of some plant and animal species. In recent years, the importance of sustainable tourism has been increased and the aim of sustainable development; establish a balance between man and nature, provide resources to consume consciously. Since the 2000s poverty reduction in tourism began to be used widely in the African continent. Poverty reduction in tourism, taking into account environmental issues are focused on increasing the benefits to the poor of tourism activities. Poverty reduction strategies include the reducing the tourism’s negative environmental impact on the poor. According to this strategy, especially to minimize the adverse effects of tourism on the environment where poors live and promote the sustainable use of natural resources. Sustainable tourism focus on the environmental development but the poverty reduction focus on the poor that tourism provide economic, socio-cultural and environmental benefits for poor. Thus, the aim of this study it is examined the relationship of poverty reduction between sustainable tourism. Later it will be given some examples about poverty reduction with sustainable tourism in Africa.

Keywords:Sustainability, tourism, sustainable tourism, environment, poverty reduction.


Abstract No:2352

Body Integrity Identity Disorder – the need to be disabled. A sociological perspective on an ‘abnormal’ desire

Martin BurgenmeisterChair of Sociology, University of Hohenheim, Wollgrasweg 23, 70599

Stuttgart, Germany

Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID) is a rare phenomenon in which sufferers express a strong desire to attain a physical disability. BIID is usually regarded as a psychological and/or neurological disorder, although the causes remain unclear. ‘Voluntary’ amputations are largely rejected by health care professionals due to ethical concerns. Trapped in their own bodies and ashamed of their ‘abnormal’ thoughts and feelings, many BIID sufferers experience immense distress and fear social exclusion.

This study aims to reconstruct the subjective perceptions and experiences of BIID sufferers and shed light on fundamental questions: What does it mean for sufferers to attain a type of body that is often regarded as ‘inferior’ and/or ‘undesirable’? What can BIID reveal about disability as a social phenomenon in general?

The basic framework of the study is provided by Disability Studies, according to which disability is a social construction and people are not disabled by their bodies or impairments, but by society. This perspective is complemented by the phenomenological differentiation between the lived body and the ‘objective’ body.

Qualitative interviews with five BIID sufferers have been conducted and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The interviewees’ understandings of disability differ radically from the perceived prevalent understanding. Nonetheless, their desire is accompanied by feelings of shame and guilt. In other words: Their bodies as well as tacit knowledge about bodies become reflective via experiencing an ‘abnormal’ feeling/desire. The interviews thus suggest that the suffering resulting from BIID can be interpreted as being (partially) socially generated, much like disability itself.

Keywords:Disability studies, Sociology of the body, Body Integrity Identity Disorder


Abstract No:2353

Changing World, Changin MuseologyŞule Göle,Şule Göle

Akdeniz Üniversitesi Arkeoloji Bölümü Müzecilik Analim Dalı ANTALYA

Museums which’s history goes back to ancient times, has flourished in todays. Museums also, as another social institutions, has developed with accord to the peculiarities of century it takes place. In the form of modern era museums have been places in which the archeological founding were kept, protected and exhibited under the control of state. Seeming like store these places are somehow boring, and needs to be visited at once. In this sense, the aim of museums are just to store, to protect and to exhibit some archeological founding In recent years, it is observed that this modern concept of museology has been changed in deeply. The understanding of museology as preserving and protecting archeological founding is been left. Nowadays museums are considered as the spaces were the education and large social relations can take. From this perspective, a large applications of new museums are being widening. In our country also it can be traced out some new applications of museums. Especially the widening of thematic museums is the indication of this new understanding of museology. Additionally, the virtual museums take place, in a respect, in the forms of this new perspective of museology. Moreover, undergraduate, graduate programs have started in the curriculums of some universities. In other hand, museums were going to be important incomes of domestic and foreign tourism economy.In this presentation, historical development of museology is going to be mentioned, than; between the modern and the contemporary approaches to museology will be differentiated. Secondly, the positive and the negative consequences of the rapid increase of new museums are going to be discussed. The economic value of museums will be explain. Finally, museums in our country will be classified comparatively and the some projections for future of museums in our country will be claimed.

Keywords:Museology, Modernism, Education, Socialization


Abstract No:2354

Has the Nature of Knowledge Changed?Hasan Aslan,,,

Akdeniz Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü ANTALYA

In today’s world, it has been claimed by many philosophers that the characteristics of knowledge has changed. Actually, that is true in a way. Perception of knowledge in modern times, in consideration of what has been assumed or aspired as an example of knowledge by philosophers since ancient periods, seems to be far beyond its original understanding. In today’s world, it is apparent that perception of knowledge is different from that of Modern, Middle and Ancient ages in terms of its characteristics. However, that sort of character difference is peculiar to various eras. Features of each era shape the nature of knowledge characteristics in that era. Site government style in Antic period, theological life of Middle Ages, and secular lifestyle of Modern Ages deeply influenced and shaped the perception of knowledge in those ages. Features of knowledge, in today’s technical world we live, is characterized by this technical understanding. Modern Era which is also called Postmodern period has peculiar characteristics. The character of knowledge in postmodern lifestyle is highly reflected by every single features of this period. However, it is essential to differentiate the nature and the character of knowledge. Manifestation of the changing character of knowledge does not mean revealing something about the nature of knowledge. In this respect, although we know that the characteristics of knowledge changes historically, the question of change in nature of knowledge cannot be answered. In this paper, it is going to be argued how the character of knowledge has changed in history then it is going to be claimed that in spade of the changing character of knowledge, the nature of knowledge has not changed.

Keywords:Knowledge, Ancient Age, Middle Age, Modern Age, Postmodern


Abstract No:2355

Turkey’s Water Focused Energy Policies: Hydroelectric Centrals In Terms Of Environmental Rights

Seda Yurtcanlı, Sevim Budak

Faculty of Political Science, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey

The privilege and importance given to the economic development when determining the public policies caused an augmentation in Turkey’s need for energy. In Turkey, with an essence of fossil fuel usage, reduction in external dependency in Turkey’s energy policies is determined as the main aim. In Turkey, with the Regulation on Water Utilization Rights, published in 2003, water has become an economic commodity in the energy field. However, it is actually a public presence that is supposed to be transferred to the next generations since it has a vital importance for all the living creatures and the ecosystems. Because of its nature, water is a superior general benefit however with legal regulations, it is brought to be an private benefit, which brings contraventions in the environmental rights of the central projects. Procedural rights including access to environmental information, public participation in environmental decision-making and access to justice, are being made ineffective and the environmental values are not taken into consideration in the stages starting from the construction of the dam until the end of the event. Thus, many damages start to show, and the right to access to water, which lets the local people live and economically survive, is forbidden. Turkey wants to achieve the same level with the developed societies and thus gives a great importance to the economic growth. However, the hydroelectric central policy of Turkey caused by this desire is far from being ecologic and sustainable since it does not give any importance to the environmental rights. Keywords: Hydroelectric Central Policy of Turkey, Environmental Rigths, Right to Water, Sustainable Development, Water Utilization Rights Agreement


Abstract No:2358

Religious Coping Styles of Mothers with Children With Down SyndromeAYSE BURCU GOREN

Department of Social Work, University of Turgut Ozal, Ankara, Turkey

Having a mentally retarded child is difficult for parents and this situation gives the start of a new era in their parent's life. These families who start a new process with participation of a mentally disabled child to the family in their lives and they need to reshape expectations and plans for the future which is related to development of their disabled child and cope with many unexpected sources of stress and internal and forced to pass through familial various transformations (Abery, B. H.,2006). Parents need to cope with this unexpected situation which change opposite direction of their life and which have a big power to change the colour of their life. They try to adapt to the situation with a number of coping methods, but, the continuity of disability, requires the continuity of the coping effort( Friedrich et al., 1985).In our study, we conducted interviews with 16 mothers of children with Down syndrome. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews in Ankara in Turkey. We found that, mothers are using religious coping styles, especially positive coping strategies like collaborative and submissive coping strategies. They need to give meaning to their situation with their children and feel themselves holy and as a chosen people for an important task. And they think their children is a "heaven key", "heavenly person" and "angel". They ask help from God to give the right of difficult tasks, they want power and patience from Allah.In addition, it has been found that the mother of the disabled children have an approach about having a disabled child as a personal transformation and a self-development/training opportunity And also they think about their children some metaphysical meaning(blessing, richness and luck of their house and their life) as a positive religious coping strategy.It has been found that mother using some negative religious coping styles, especially deferring coping style and belief in divine justice was determined heavily.

Keywords:religious coping styles, down syndrome, belief in divine justice, collaborative style, deferring style


Abstract No:2359

Peer Violence in Children: A Qualitative StudyBurcu GEZER SEN,Burcu GEZER SEN

Department of Education, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey

Violence is one of the most important factors influencing children's physical and emotional development. Violence is a form of aggression. Children are facing with violence, sometimes in a family environment, sometimes in the school environment, and sometimes around friends. Exposed to peer violence in the preschool period, has adverse effects on the child's future life. Consequences of violence against children are able to vary according to the nature and degree of severity. However, reflections of violence in the short and long-term can be devastating. To exposure to violence in early childhood, may adversely affect the brain in the maturation process. Whether children are the target, or they are the witness, living with violence for a long time may cause the problems for them in the nervous and immune systems, disease and injuries and social, emotional and cognitive problems.There is a great importance of the preschool period in terms of being the rapid development in all areas and short and long-term effects of this development in the life of individual. In terms of social development, the child is interacting with an increasingly complex network of social relations in this period. Peer relationships in preschool period, along with being the first examples in life, has a very important function that can affect all areas of development. That is to say, peer relations supports learning and implementing of social skills, rules of social roles in terms of social development. Preschool period, determines the quality of peer relationships, social and emotional adjustment in pre-school terms and in later years.This study was conducted with the aim to determine the peer violence, types and characteristics of peer violence in pre-school children. The study was performed by descriptive research method that is one of the qualitative research methods and data was obtained using interview and observation techniques. The study group consisted of 50 pre-school children. According to research results, it was determined that preschool children use violence mostly to their fellow, boys are experiencing more violence among the peers, the most commonly seen is physical violence, at the same time relational and verbal violencehas seen in preschool term.

Keywords:Violence, Peer Violance, Children, Preschool Children


Abstract No:2361

A REVIEW CONCERNING THE IMPACT OF VASSILY KANDINSKY ON APPLIED EDUCATION OF ART BASICS OF TODAY

TOLGA ŞENOLFaculy of Arts, Uludağ Uni, Bursa, Turkey

Two-dimentional painting practices (in classical manner or computer-aided) done by remaining loyal to compositional principles with the basic elements of art have become a part of today’s art education. In applied art education, the application of this method along with the approach of classical figurative painting education, may be considered as a new approach when taken the history of art education into account. In this sense, Kandinsky’s approach to art education can be regarded as a milestone for applied education of art basics. Vassily Kandinsky, regarded as a pioneer of Abstract Art, conveyed his teachings to his students in Bauhaus School. In addition to the known symbolic classification of colours and characterisation of subcategorisation in four major tones as warm-cold and light-dark, Kandinsky focused on a physical foundation and discovered the colour triplet consisting of yellow, blue and red. The artist began to analyze individual elements such as paint, line, plane, and their interrelations.Kandinsky wrote out the theories that he built up in art: In his book entitled ‘Concerning The Spiritual in Art’, he emphasized the importance of colours instead of structure while his paper entitled ‘Point and Line to Plane’ introduced the relationship of the basic geometric elements, which he had been observing for a long time, with each other and with plane. The major goal of our study is to reveal the importance of Vassily Kandinsky for today’s applied education of art basics. As data collection tool, literature review, analyzing and comparison methods have been used in this study. Data has been analyzed by using descriptive definitions. The works by students taking the lecture named ‘Art and Technology’ run by Assistant Professor Sezin Turk Kaya in Painting Department of Faculty of Fine Arts of Uludag University have been determined as study group. The impact of Vassily Kandinsky’s teachings concerning art basics on today’s art education has been established. Findings obtained have been discussed in terms of the importance of the study. It is foreseen that this study that sheds light on a significant point in the change-development process of today’s art education will be presented as a source for art educators and art students to use.

Keywords:Applied Education of Art Basics, Vassily Kandinsky, Today’s Art Education, Comparison, Review.


Abstract No:2362

State and borders:Turkish rescue operation inside SyriaMehmet Hanifi BAYRAM,Ramazan İZOL

Akdeniz Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Kampüs Antalya

That study tries to explore some of the international legal challenges presented by Turkish rescue operation inside Syria, especially pertaining to the international law.

Keywords:state borders law


Abstract No:2364

City Perception Of University Students From Different Socio-Economic Environment

ÖZLEM ÇAKAR ÇELİK,ÖZLEM ÇAKAR ÇELİKFirat University, Faculty of Education

21st century is referred to as the era of the city. Rural areas are more urbanized in the world, more people live in cities, the importance of urban life is increasing and cities have affects both positive and negative aspects of the human being. However urban geography which concerned with the depiction and interpretation of urban settlements not yet found the value and continued to remain as a sub-discipline. The focus of urban geography studies that mostly contains elements of human nature is human-urban environment interaction. There is no clear definition of urban settlements. Cities that are subject to inter-disciplinary work has been defined in different ways for different purposes. Geographers have used different criteria in defining the urban settlements and different definitions according to specified criteria, classifications were made.The aim of the study is to reveal university students' perceptions on a non-standard definition of cities and look at the city descriptions from a different perspective which comes from different socio-economic environment. In this study, it will try to present students' perceptions with emphasis on issues such as urban concept, urban settlements, agriculture city, commerce city, city of culture, the industrial city, tourism city, small town, big city, mega-cities, metropolitan world city, city life, urban problem.This study is a qualitative research. By purposive sampling technique a working group will be established from Firat University Faculty of Education Department of Social Sciences Teaching students. Data were collected by semi-structured interview form will be prepared.

Keywords:City, urban perception, urban geography


Abstract No:2365

Organized Young People's Views About Political Participation in the post-September 12th Era

Onur Yerlikaya Şaşmaz,Onur Yerlikaya Şaşmaz,Yelda Sevim,Faculty of Education, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey

Republic of Turkey has undergone a dynamic political life from the date of foundation. At the beginning of the event hit its mark on Turkish political history comes The 12 September 1980 Turkish coup d'état.In this study, in terms of political participation in the post-1980 period in Turkey, organized young people's views, on the traditional political participation of youth organizations of various political parties in Turkey has been discussed.The aim of this study is to establish how political participation affected from post-1980 in Turkey in accordance with the views of young people showing conventional participation in various political parties.For that purpose this study has been carried out from the views of the interviewee on September 12 era, democracy in Turkey and the status and political participation of Turkish youth.This study is structured in the form of qualitative research. The purposive sampling technique was used in this study. Fifteen young member of various youth organizations of political parties (AKP, CHP, MHP) in Ankara were interviewed in 2012. The interviews were recorded with the permission of the interviewee and transcribed verbatim by researcher. Data were subjected to the categorization process with qualitative data analysis programme N Vivo 10. In this process questions were identified as umbrella categories and responses has created sub-categories. Starting in vivo categorization process is subject to a regulatory process from the concrete to the abstract. The results are interpreted by non-reductionist attitude.

* This study is formed from a portion of compiled data in doctorate dissertation of researcher, about to complete.

Keywords:Political participation, democracy, post-September 12th Era, depoliticization


Abstract No:2366

THE OPINIONS OF CLASSROOM TEACHERS AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS TOWARDS LEISURE ACTIVITY LESSON PERFORMED BY ACTIVITY-BASED PRACTICES

Derya Girgin Saridas,Assoc. Dr. Çavuş ŞAHİN,Derya GİRGİN SARIDAŞ,İsmail SATMAZ

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Educational Sciences, PhD Student

Assoc. Dr. Çavuş ŞAHİN,Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Education, [email protected] GİRGİN SARIDAŞ, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Educational Sciences, PhD [email protected]İsmail SATMAZ, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Educational Programs and Teaching, Master's Degree [email protected]

The aim of this study is to determine the opinions of teachers and students on the leisure activity lesson performed by activity-based practices. This study is a qualitative research that has been carried out by screening model. The study group of the research is composed of 25 classroom teachers at different elementary schools that carried out free activity practices performed by a 4-week implementation in the spring semester of 2014-2015 academic year, and of 120 students studying at these schools. In the data collection, the study has used the technique of a semi-structured interview for the opinions of teachers and a questionnaire consisting of open-ended questions for the opinions of students. The data obtained will be analyzed by descriptive analysis technique. The findings will be explained and interpreted based on the frequency distributions of the responses given to each question and by means of direct quotations. The research on this subject still continues.

Keywords:Classroom teacher, Leisure Activity Lesson, Student Opinions, Activity-Based Teaching


Abstract No:2367

THE IMPACT OF LEİSURE ACTIVITY LESSON PERFORMED BY ACTIVITY-BASED PRACTICES ON THE SOCIAL SKILLS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Derya Girgin Saridas,Derya Girgin Sarıdaş,İsmail Satmaz,Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Educational Sciences, PhD

Student

Derya GİRGİN SARIDAŞ, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Educational Sciences, PhD [email protected]İsmail SATMAZ, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Educational Programs and Teaching, Master's Degree [email protected]

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the impact of leisure activity lesson performed by activity-based practices on the social skills of elementary school students. The research group has participated in the study with 4 weeks of implementation within the leisure activity lessons in five different schools in the spring semester of 2014-2015 academic year. A total of 300 students including 145 students in the experiment group and 155 students in the control group who study at the schools where these practices are performed have participated in this study. In the data collection, the social skills scale has been utilized and the research on this subject still continues.

Keywords:Classroom teacher, Leisure Activity Lesson, Social Skill, Activity-Based Teaching


Abstract No:2368

Foreign Brides In Turkish Family: The Case Of BucharestYelda Sevim,Yelda Sevim,Onur Yerlikaya Şaşmaz,Nergis Nazlı Sırek

Department of Sociology, Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.

From past to present all societies adopted very important the concept of family by means of the foundation of society and the natural habitat and the first environment of individuals. Old or new in whole society the source of family is based on a woman and man that join their lives with the bond of marriage.In a globalizing world, marriage is not only affected by the diversity of the country. the marriage takes place between different cultures in the world. The marriage of men and women from different cultures and religions is increasing by means of the proliferation of transportation and communication facilities and transnational migration.In this study, with examining eight male participants' views on family life and marriage who living in Bucharest and married Romanian women, intended to draw a sociological portrait of their families. The general demographic characteristics and views about marriage and family life of Turkish man were tried to be determined.This study a qualitative research. The purposive sampling technique was used in this study. As data collection tool, structured interview form was applied to working group. In analysis of study on the categorization process, computer-aided qualitative data analysis software NVivo 10 will be used. For the purpose of the research, ideas about the most important factor in choosing spouses of participants, thoughts about importance of marriage, the most important problems they live with their spouses, acceptance of foreign brides in family, foreign brides' desires for learning Turkish culture will be identified. The obtained data will be interpreted by content analysis.

Keywords:Marriage, Marriage Perception, Immigration, Foreign Bride


Abstract No:2369

The Exclusionary Rule in ECHR’s Case LawMücahid Özbek

School of Law, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey

Should evidence that was obtained illegally or in violation of human privacy be admissible in court? The notion that evidence must sometimes be excluded because it was obtained illegally has a strong foothold in many national and international legal systems. The Exclusionary Rule in the United States protects the privacy of citizens, and evidence proved to be obtained in such a manner is not admissible. However, this rule has stirred up a lot of controversy in the United States and not all countries have the same perspective on this issue . In Europe, The European Court of Human Rights holds a slightly different position on the rights people have and the way evidence is obtained.

Keywords:exclusionary rule, illegally obtained evidence, ECHR


Abstract No:2370

Two geographical sections where traditional county fairs cluster in Turkey: Southern Marmara and Western Black Sea

Vedat Calıskan,Vedat Çalışkan,Selver Ozozen Kahraman,Berrin GültayDepartment of Geography, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University

The number of traditional county fairs in Turkey has significantly decreased in the last 30 years depending on social, economic, and technological developments. Although the present distribution of traditional fairs has been confined to small cities and towns, such fairs revive the social and economic lives in the environments where they are set up and they are still receiving great attention from the local societies. Traditional fairs are set up in the form of commodity (merchandise) and/or animal fairs in specific settlements at specific date intervals once or twice a year. According to the research we have carried on, examples of traditional fairs still maintain their existence in 63 settlements in Turkey. The fairs are distributed in the Marmara and Black Sea Regions the most. The fairs in these two regions constitute 87% of the fairs in Turkey. The most fairs are set up in the Southern Marmara Section of the Marmara Region out of the geographical sections. This section is followed by the Western Black Sea Section of the Black Sea Region. The study presented here focuses on two distinct geographical areas where the traditional fairs – which have changed forms or disappeared in Turkey and the number of which is therefore decreasing gradually – are concentrated. Determination of the spatial and temporal distributional characteristics of the traditional fairs in the Southern Marmara and Western Black Sea Sections constitutes the main purpose of the study. Furthermore, the order of setting up of the traditional fairs within the specified study area in a year and their commercial relations were evaluated. By transferring the obtained data to maps, it was aimed to determine the clustering features of the traditional fairs, the main lines where concentration was seen, and the spatial gaps.

Keywords:Traditional Fairs, county fairs, Southern Marmara Section, Western Black Sea Section


Abstract No:2371

THE EFFECT OF PATRIARCHY AND HETEROSEXISM ON THE FORMATION OF TRANSVESTISM AND TRANSSEXUALISMSergender SEZER,Hanife AKDEMİR

Department of Sociology, Faculity of Lecture, University of Mugla Sitki Kocman, Mugla, Turkey

This proceeding aims to determine the possible effects of patriarchal social structure and heterosexism on the formation of transvestism and transsexualism and additionally transvestites and transsexuals being pushed into prostitution. Accordingly, the body of the study will comprise particularly the evaluation of results obtained from in-depth interviews carried out with 20 transvestite and transsexual women who work as sex workers. The reason for the interviews carried out with transvestite and transsexual women who work as a sex worker was the assumption that the hypocritical approach by patriarchy and heterosexism towards transvestites and transsexuals could be detected more easily. In this manner, this assumption will also be tested in the study. Also, patriarchy, heterosexism and masculinity phenomena will be examined in theoretical perspectives. Additionally, the possible effects of patriarchal social structure and heterosexism on the reasons of discrimination, exclusion, violence, harassment and rape that transvestite sex workers and transgender women were exposed to will be questioned. The approach of the State to transvestites and transsexuals being pushed into prostitution, violence, harassment, rape and the exclusionary approach that they were exposed to will also be included in the study. Proceeding will be based on the research findings of observations and literature readings carried out approximately for a year. Proceeding does not argue that transvestism and transsexualism actually do not exist or does not deny the fact that there are some genetic reasons.

Keywords:PATRIARCHY AND HETEROSEXISM, TRANSVESTISM, TRANSSEXUALISM, SOCIAL EXCLUSION


Abstract No:2372

Problematizing the problem of participation in Arts and Politics: Two different modes for reading political realm in the age of the crisis

of representationibrahim Okan AKKIN

Department of Philosophy, Middle East Technical University, Ankara / Turkiye

Ever since the revolutionary discovery of "Verfremdungseffekt" and "Gestus" in Brechtian theater, the distance between the audience and the play is problematized. Main concern is how to manage a more participatory theatrical experience by means of new acting techniques, altered play-spheres and special equipment (e.g. outer voice and projections). This challenge initially came on the scene by midst of 1900s, since Arts was expected to hold a critical role in the formation of a new social-order. Especially, large-scale socioeconomic crises (e.g. Great Depression and World Wars) resulted in the desire for peace, liberty, equality and democracy. Intellectuals began to see performing Arts as the locomotive of a more conscious and proactive society facing the totalitarian means of governance. Activating audiences through politically-laden dramaturgical work would raise the status of play from amusement to serious political activity. Nevertheless, the quest for poking audiences was as difficult as the participation of body politic into Politics. This is why in-yer-face performances still try to shed light on the danger lying with the notion of audience. In a consumerist society, just as “innocent people” refers to the mass of passive vote givers who are guilty of standing in isolation to what goes on in lives of others, “audience” refers to the voyeurism of the viewers who remain apathetic to what happens before their eyes. In this context, Performing Arts and Politics can be regarded as two different modes for reading the political realm involved in the question of participation in the age of the Crisis of Representation.

Keywords:performance, theater, art, participatory politics, presence, in-yer-face, representational democracy


Abstract No:2373

Identity vs Alterity? Constructing Europe as Alterity during the Elections for the European Parliament in 2014

Corina Daba-Buzoianu,Loredana IvanNational University of Political Studies and Public Administration, 30A

Expozitiei Blvd., Bucharest, Romania

The overwhelming body of research on identity focuses much on its fluidity (Mead, 1934; Jenkins, 2004; Leerssen, 2006; Wintle, 2009) and constant changes, by pointing the elements that influence it, thus referring to religion, group, gender, age, region and nationality (Castells, 2004). Seen as a multiple and continuously changing self, identity envisages the relation that individual has with groups in terms of ethnicity and nationalism throughout history (Hall, 1996; Wodak et al., 2009). Still, scholars argue that it should be noted the significant difference between identity as category of practice and identity of category of analysis (Brubaker, 2004) and the absence of this distinction would generate a confusion and theoretical contradictions. Despite this solid debate on identity, the paper acknowledges identity as a construction process and looks at it through its relation with otherness. By doing so, the paper is somehow grounded on phenomenology and imagology and considers the inner connection between image and identity (Wintle, 2006; Leerssen, 1991, 2007). The discussion of a European identity has emerged from the research on individual and national identity, and has set it up as a transnational identity (Herrmann et al., 2004, Bruter, 2005, Guibernau, 2011). Considering the evidence from previous research that have pointed out that the national topics prevail over the European topics, the paper analyses the 2014 Romanian election posters for the European parliament, by inquiring the picture of Europe and by investigating the recurrence of the national and EU-related topics conveyed in the posters.

Keywords:identity, alterity, elections for the European Parliament


Abstract No:2374

STRATEGIC VISIONS OF BANKS: A CASE STUDY IN TURKEYHasan ERDOGAN,Hasan ERDOĞAN,İbrahim GUNDAK,

Molla Yusuf Mah. 1413 Sk.

Today, banking sector is one of the areas where there is keen competition. In Turkey, competition gets intense and shifts to the global scale with multinational banks entering the market. One of the necessities to be successful in this sector is to plan the future properly and effectively. The majority of the banks attaches great importance to strategic planning practices. In the strategic planning process, strategic visions are identified analyzing the current status of institutions and organizations Strategic vision includes basic values, long-term goals, objectives and strategies, notably vision and mission statements. Strategic plans providing important information about doing business of banks and problem solving approaches are considered to be a reflection of the corporate identity. The aim of this study is to examine the vision, mission, fundamental principles and values of the banks operating in Turkey and analyze the strategies for managing future with scientific methods.

Keywords:Strategic Plan, Vision, Mission, Basic Principles, Strategies.


Abstract No:2375

Analysis of the Work Life Values of Generation Y MembersSerap Benligiray,Serap Benligiray,Serpil Gül Ersöz,

Anadolu Universitesi, İktisadi İdari Bilimler Fakultesi, Yunus Emre Kampüsü, Eskisehir, Turkey

Generation Y was born from the early 1980s to early 2000s. In the Western literature, some characteristics of this generation have been defined. However, is it correct to assume that these characteristics apply for all age groups? We are in the opinion that countries, regions and even personal differences cause these characteristics to differ. The main objective of this study is to analyze the work life values of Generation Y members. The sample group of our research is composed of senior Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences students. In the literature, Super’s Work Values Inventory (WVI) is the most commonly used tool to measure the employees’ work and work life values (1970). WVI is a scale that measures work values under 15 subscales, in 45 items. The said subscales are the following: Intellectual stimulation, altruism, esthetics, independence, creativity, achievement, economic returns, prestige, management, security, supervisory relations, associates, surroundings, variety and way of life. The answers are in Likert Scale, as in “1, Very Unimportant” and “5, Very Important”. The results of the study will be analyzed using quantitative data analysis techniques.

Keywords:Generation Y, Values, Work Values


Abstract No:2376

An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Social Phobia And Parenting Attitudes

Utku Beyazit,Aynur Bütün AyhanFaculty of Science and Arts, Psychology Department, Near East University,

North Cyprus

Social phobia, which is defined as “Social anxiety disorder “ in DSM 5, is a type of anxiety disorder characterised by an intense fear in one or more social situations causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life. The person suffers significant distress or impairment that interferes with his or her ordinary routine in social settings, at work or school, or during other everyday activities. The results of many researches indicate a clear relationship between child-rearing styles, particularly autheritarian parenting, and behavioral problems in adolescents. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social phobia in adolescents and parenting attitudes. The sample group of the study was comprised of 485 adolescents attending to eight grade of different secondary schools in Ankara. In order to conduct this study, a permission was taken from Ministry of National Education. After providing this permission, the directors of the schools that the research is planned to be made was informed about the research and the permmission obtained from the Ministry of Education. In this study, “Individual Information Form”, developed by the authors, was used for the collection of information data about participants, “Social Phobia Scale” was used to assess social phobia and “Parenting Attitudes Scale” was used to assess the parental attitudes of adolescents participated in the study. As with the analysis of the collected data, a primary analyis was performed in order to test the normality of the data collected. According to the results, weak but statistically significant correlations were found between the scores of social phobia and democratic parenting (r=0.203, p<0,01) and protective parenting (r=0.147, p<0,05). As a result of the research, certain proposals as with child rearing were brought to parents.

Keywords:Social Phobia, Parent, Parenting Attitudes


Abstract No:2377

Turkey's strategic importance in the context of energy transit routeRamazan İzol,ramazani izol,Associate Prof. Dr. Mehmet Hani Bayram,

Akdeniz Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Uluslararası Ilişkiler Bölümü Merkez Kampüs Antalya

Keywords:


Abstract No:2380

Worker’s Right of Rescission in Occupational Health and SafetyÖzgür Oguz

Anadolu Universitesi Hukuk Fakultesi Yunusemre Kampusu

Occupational health and Safety Act authority to terminate the employee's employment contract was arranged. According to "occupational health and safety board's decision and despite the demands of the workers in the workplace not taken the necessary measures to workers in six business days of this Law Article 24 (I) of subparagraph may terminate in accordance with a definite or indefinite term service contracts for. What is meant here to termination, health is due to immediate terminationThe occupational health and safety measures to be taken to use the right of termination by the workers is not sufficient alone. Also, close in terms of the health and safety of workers, emergency and of a vital presence and health at work on the application of the workers of the danger and safety established by a decision in this direction, and despite the demands of the workers' employer requirements have taken the necessary measures required to realize all togetherWorkers' termination of a dynamic manner, in all cases in which workers carry restrictive conditions in this article are from unprotected leave their workplace hazards and the possibility of immediate termination hand

Keywords:Termination, Occupational Health, Safety, Right Cause, Turkish Labor Law


Abstract No:2381

Design Strategies to be Considered for Developing Social Sciences Teaching Softwareloping

RAUF YILDIZDepartment of Computer and Instructional Technologies, University of

Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart, Çanakkale, Turkey

In this paper, firstly, the relationship between the educational software and the three basic concepts (effectiveness, efficiency and attractiveness) that are considered to be important in the educational process is explained. Secondly, the conditions that should be met for an effective teaching process of content types that holds an important place in social studies education such as "verbal information, concepts, rules, and critical thinking skills" will be determined in the light of the related literature. Finally, to meet the relevant conditions, the design strategies that can be applied during the design and development stages of the educational software will be discussed.

Keywords:social sciences, content types, educational software, design strategies


Abstract No:2383

Special Education in The First Year of Turkish Republic: Izmir The School for The Deaf, The Blind and The Dumb (1923-1938)

Sadet Altay, Nejat İRA

Gaziosmanpasa University Ataturk's Principels History of Turkey Revolution TOKAT

The individuals who reveal significant difference from their peers because of personal features and educational competence are called the individuals needing for special education. The education system, which is applied to meet these special students’ needs in special environments where their disabilities are taken into consideration by specially trained teachers, is called special education. Keywords: Special Education, Institution of history, Deaf, Blind, Dumb


Abstract No:2386

The Relationship between Organizational Communication and Climate in Universities

Barış Uslu, Hasan Arslan, Mehmet Ulutaş, Mehmet Ali İçbay

Faculty of Education, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey Many well-known researchers, in their scholarly publications related to organizational theory and management, have claimed that the quality of communication affects strongly a climate in an organization. However, in reviewed literature, there is a limited number of empirical studies about the relation between communication and climate in higher education institutions. In this regard, the aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between organizational communication and climate in universities. The research, in accordance with quantitative methodology, was designed in a descriptive survey model. The data was collected from 776 faculty working in Turkish public universities by using the questionnaire which was composed of personal and institutional data form, Organizational Communication and Organizational Climate scales. After detecting the normal distributions for data set, descriptive, inferential, correlation and regression analyses were performed. The perceptions of Turkish faculty about organizational communication and climate in their universities were found at a medium level. In addition, the correlation between communication and climate in universities was r=.803, and organizational communication could explain %65 of faculty’s organizational climate perceptions. According to these findings, the quality of communication is one of the most powerful factors which influence faculty’s perceptions about general atmosphere in their universities. As a result, to generate more favorable atmosphere in their organizations, university managers should operate different formal and informal communication channels to enhance positive collegial interactions among academic staff.

Keywords: Higher education, University, Faculty, Organizational communication, Organizational climate


Abstract No:2387

Examining Undergraduate Erasmus Students’ Perception of Universities’ Social Responsibilities

Ozgur BATUR a, Hasan ARSLAN b

aPh.D.C., Institute of Educational Sciences, Çanakkale 17100, Turkey

bAssoc.Prof Dr., Faculty of Education, Çanakkale 17100, Turkey

Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of undergraduate students related to universities’ social responsibility issues which are gaining importance recently. A qualitative single case study design is conducted to reach to research aims. All of the data are gathered during the author’s Erasmus exchange student period in the West University of Timişoara, Romania by using web based document analysis and semi-structures standardized qualitative interviews that are conducted with 13 undergraduate Turkish Erasmus Exchange students from different Turkish universities that study at West University of Timişoara, Romania during 2013-2014 academic years. Qualitative analysis of the data is done by using NVivo 10 software program for qualitative studies. All of the data are gathered beneath four major categories as ‘knowledge’, ‘current status’, ‘causes’, and ‘future considerations’ after content analysis and examined within these concepts. Depending on the findings, it is possible to state that undergraduate students’ awareness and participation to social responsibility applications are at a low level, even if there are good practices and social projects at their universities; but their expectations are at a high level for the reason that they regard universities as a key element of social change and interaction. Another finding of the study is that, a majority of students believe universities need a special department consisting professionals and volunteers for social responsibility applications for a better society and university engagement. Keywords: Social responsibilities of universities, case study, society and university engagement


Abstract No:2390

Anti-intellectualism and employability among Romanian students

Valeriu Frunzaru

[email protected] College of Communication and Public Relations

National University of Political Studies and Public Administration

Abstract In this paper I will discuss the students’ anti-intellectualism and how this can influence their employability. The anti-intellectualism regarded as a negative attitude toward “the life of the mind” (Eigenberger & Sealander, 2001) can be associated with a lower level of interest in theories and critical thinking. These traits of anti-intellectuals can be an obstacle to their employability because the skills and the capabilities required by employers when recruiting higher education graduates are, beyond sector-specific skills, soft skills, such as communication skills, analytical skills and critical thinking. The findings of a convenience sample of Romanian students survey (n=540) show that students with higher level of anti-intelectualism have lower grades and lower courses attendance. They are less satisfied with theoretical and practical courses offered by the university, and consider that employers demand less theoretical and more practical knowledge. Yet students that have a job are less anti-intellectual. It can be argued by the fact that they are aware more of the importance of intellectual dimension of the higher education. The findings raise the issue of how students’ anti-intellectualism can affect their integration in the knowledge economy. Thus university, under the market pressure from the neoliberalism, has to face both the decreasing of the students’ interest in the life of the mind and their need for sector specific skills. Keywords: styudents’ anti-intellectualism, employability, higher education, neoliberalism, knowledge economy

overview of the world economy: the case of turkey, expectations and possibilities

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