Inventarislijst Wob MozambiqueNr. Datum Documenttype Documenttitel Uitzonderingsgrond Afzender Ontvanger1 2016.11.04 Achtergrond Achtergrondinformatie Moz en ZA DAF2 2015.01.01 Advies AU Top jan. 2015 voorstel M - Angola - mozambique DAF3 2014.06.27 Adviesplan Dutch Business Club Moz4 2014.06.27 Adviesplan Market Study Food and Retail Moz5 2014.06.27 Adviesplan ReDiscover Moz6 2014.06.27 Adviesplan ROTC Moz7 2015.--.-- Adviesplan Toegang Beira8 2015.05.29 Adviesplan Drinkwater Beira9 2015.11.06 Adviesplan DINAT10 2015.11.17 Adviesplan Organisatiestructuur Beira11 2016.02.10 Adviesplan Technical Assistance Beira12 2016.02.25 Adviesplan PPP Training EKN Maputo13 2016.03.12 Adviesplan Scoping Study Orange Initiative14 2016.04.-- Adviesplan Scoping Study Xai-Xai floods protection15 2016.05.06 Adviesplan Scoping Beira Municipal Land Registry16 2016.09.15 Adviesplan Business M+17 2016.12.20 Adviesplan Phased Transformation Beira18 2017.01.30 Adviesplan Support Influentials Programma19 2017.02.25 Adviesplan Supporting youth and female entrepreneurs20 2017.04.01 Adviesplan Infrastructure financing options21 2017.04.21 Adviesplan Scoping Study Cabo Delgado22 2011.02.09 Berichtenverkeer Korte economische berichten januari MAP BZ23 2011.06.07 Berichtenverkeer Korte economische berichten mei MAP BZ24 2011.07.06 Berichtenverkeer Korte economische berichten juni MAP BZ25 2012.10.25 Berichtenverkeer Resultaat ambassade Maputo bij MVO ondersteuning bedrijven MAP BZ26 2013.04.22 Berichtenverkeer EU HOMs bezoek aan de provincie Nampula MAP BZ27 2013.11.05 Berichtenverkeer Masterclass energy value chain MAP BZ28 2014.12.11 Berichtenverkeer Tweede Mozambique Gas summit MAP BZ29 2015.09.24 Berichtenverkeer Veranderingen economisch uitzicht 2015 MAP BZ30 2015.09.30 Berichtenverkeer Internationale experts debatteren in Maputo over aardgas ontwikkelingen in Oost- en Zuidelijk Afrikaans perspectief. MAP BZ31 2015.12.07 Berichtenverkeer Economisch zwaar weer in Mozambique MAP BZ32 2015.12.11 Berichtenverkeer Overvolle zaal bij NL Roundtable Oil & Gas East Africa Masterclass Energy Value Chain MAP BZ33 2016.06.06 Berichtenverkeer Economische update Mozambique erop of eronder MAP BZ34 2016.06.08 Bulletin Vredesonderhandelingen-2 DAF BZ35 2016.--.-- Concepte Note Palma Concept Note DMM BZ36 2011.09.21 Deelnemerslijst Update participantslist Economic Mission Moz BZ37 2013.04.01 Factsheet CBI CBI BZ38 2016.11.10 Factsheet Overzicht handels- en investeringsrelatie NL-Mozambique RVO BZ39 2015.02.01 Fiche Megaproject ontwikkeling gasvoorraden Mozambique DIO BZ40 2014.03.27 Gunningsbrief Aanbesteding Procesmanagement diensten Beira RVO41 2014.02.05 Intakeformulier Ques ionaire CB&I RVO DIO42 2014.02.05 Intakeformulier Ques ionaire Devotra RVO DIO43 2014.02.05 Intakeformulier Ques ionaire Fabricom RVO DIO44 2014.02.05 Intakeformulier Ques ionaire Havenbedrijf Rotterdam RVO DIO45 2014.02.05 Intakeformulier Ques ionaire Heerema RVO DIO46 2014.02.05 Intakeformulier Ques ionaire IRO RVO DIO47 2014.02.05 Intakeformulier Ques ionaire Royal HaskoningDHV RVO DIO48 2014.02.05 Intakeformulier Ques ionaire Slavenburg en Huyser BV RVO DIO49 2014.02.05 Intakeformulier Ques ionaire STC-group RVO DIO50 2014.02.05 Intakeformulier Ques ionaire Van Oord RVO DIO51 2011.11.01 Jaarplan Meerjaren Strategisch Plan (MJSP) Mozambique 2012-2015 BZ

52 2013.11.01 Jaarplan Meerjaren Strategisch Plan (MJSP) Mozambique 2014-2017 BZ53 2016.06.13 Jaarplan Jaarplancyclus - Midterm Review Annual plan '16 DAF54 2016.08.-- Jaarplan Jaarplancyclus - Policy Framework Mozambique DAF55 2017.06.08 Jaarplan Jaarplancyclus - Midterm Review Annual plan '17 DAF56 2016.--.-- Landenfiche Landenfiche Moz AO MJSP DAF57 2017.05.11 Landenfiche Landenfiche Moz Tweede Kamer DAF58 2011.05.25 Note Verbale Request Meeting Minister for Cooperation and Economy AMB MOZ M59 2013.--.-- Opdrachtbrief Opracht PVWA13019 EZ60 2014.05.-- Opdrachtbrief Opdracht Inventarisatie NL invest LDC Beira RVO 61 2014.06.-- Opdrachtbrief Opdracht Economische analyse Beira Masterplan RVO62 2014.07.-- Opdrachtbrief Opdracht Marktstudie Mozambique RVO63 2014.07.-- Opdrachtbrief Opdracht Vogelvlucht Beira RVO64 2014.10.-- Opdrachtbrief Opdracht Beira Invenstarisa ie NL investeerders RVO 65 2014.11.-- Opdrachtbrief ROTC Moz EZ66 2014.11.10 Opdrachtbrief Market Study Food and Retail Moz EZ67 2014.11.20 Opdrachtbrief ReDiscover Moz EZ68 2015.02.19 Opdrachtbrief Opdracht Contractverlening voor verrichten diensten MOZ RVO69 2015.06.-- Opdrachtbrief Dutch Business Club Moz EZ70 2015.07.16 Opdrachtbrief Toegang Beira EZ71 2015.07.16 Opdrachtbrief Drinkwater Beira EZ72 2015.10.28 Opdrachtbrief Need Assessment EZ73 2015.12.02 Opdrachtbrief Organisatiestructuur Beira EZ74 2015.12.03 Opdrachtbrief DINAT EZ75 2016.02.19 Opdrachtbrief Scoping Study Orange Initiative RVO76 2016.02.24 Opdrachtbrief Technical Assistance Beira RVO77 2016.03.16 Opdrachtbrief Technical Assistance MTC RVO78 2016.04.21 Opdrachtbrief PPP Training EKN Maputo RVO79 2016.05.13 Opdrachtbrief Support Study Visit Moz RVO80 2016.06.03 Opdrachtbrief Scoping Study Xai-Xai floods protection EZ81 2016.06.16 Opdrachtbrief Scoping Beira Municipal Land Registry RVO82 2016.08.05 Opdrachtbrief Study Visit Moz MTC RVO83 2016.09.28 Opdrachtbrief PPP Training MAGTEP RVO84 2016.11.22 Opdrachtbrief Business M+ RVO85 2016.12.22 Opdrachtbrief Phased Transformation Beira RVO86 2017.02.-- Opdrachtbrief Support Influentials Programma RVO87 2017.03.02 Opdrachtbrief Supporting youth and female entrepreneurs RVO88 2017.03.09 Opdrachtbrief Inspection Ferry RVO89 2017.05.09 Opdrachtbrief Scoping Study Cabo Delgado RVO90 2015.08.-- Opdrachtbrief LCD Joing Venture shareholding agreement to FMO RVO91 2014.01.21 Oplegbrief Terms of Reference (opdrachtverlening RVO) DIO92 2011.08.22 Paper New law on PPP, large scale projects and Concessions Vieira de Almeida MAP93 2011.09.19 Paper Commentaar AfDB country strategy Moz 2011-2015 MAP plvCDP BZ94 2013.02.20 Presentatie Towards a Natural Gas Masterplan in Moz ICF95 2015.05.22 Presentatie Towards the Inclusion of SMEs in Mozambique’s New Economy the LAB96 2015.08.22 Presentatie WB Gas Competence seminar WB97 2015.12.01 Presentatie Participants Masterclass NABC MAP98 2015.12.01 Presentatie NABC Masterclass Agenda NACB99 2011.09.19 Programma Agentschap NL - Draft Programme Economic Mission to Moz MINEZ100 2017.05.14 Programma Tentative programme First Lady of Mozambique DAF101 2017.05.15 Programma Mozambique President Filipe Nyusi Programma versie 15-05-17 DAF102 2011.06.27 Rapport CBI Infosheet CBI103 2013.01.18 Rapport Mid-Term Review of the AGIR Programma Amb. Zweden104 2013.03.01 Rapport MAGTAP WB Board WB105 2013.04.22 Rapport Gas sector overview - Dynamics, outlooks and risks HIS

106 2013.05.-- Rapport Gas in East Africa - Assessing Potential Various Stakeholders CIEP107 2013.12.16 Rapport Poli ical Economy Analysis Mozambique ILPI108 2014.04.-- Rapport Mozambique's LNG revolution Oxford University109 2014.06.06 Rapport Capacity Development for strengthening gas sector Moz ECN GGNI110 2014.09.-- Rapport Evaluation of AGIR Results Sida111 2015.02.05 Rapport Enabling large scale gas and power investments in Moz AFDB112 2015.04.-- Rapport Policy influencing Lobbying and Advocacy - Moz country study MAP BZ113 2015.10.28 Rapport Fifth Mozambique Licensing Round Results Announcement INP114 2016.08.-- Rapport The choice to change - Africa oil & gas review PWC115 2017.06.-- Rapport Prospects and challenges ISS116 2017.07.28 Rapport Mozambique Economic Update WB117 2014.09.01 ResultatenrapportagResultaten OS 2013 BIS118 2015.11.05 ResultatenrapportagResultaten OS 2014 BIS119 2016.09.01 ResultatenrapportagResultaten OS 2015 BIS120 2017.09.17 ResultatenrapportagResultaten OS 2016 BIS121 2014.03.27 Spreekpunten Spreekpunten M Oldemiro DAF M122 2014.06.16 Terms of Reference Progress MASP Landenteam Moz DAF123 2015.--.-- ToR 3D Image for Beira investors conference RVO124 2015.--.-- ToR Elaboration LDC Joint Venture shareholding agreement Beira RVO125126127 Geweigerd128 2017.05.-- Dossier Dossier ZMK IOB President Moz 10 2a, 10.2g DAF ZMK129 2016.05.09 Memo Advies aan HMK ter voorbereiding gesprek Mozambique 10 2a DAF130 2017.03.16 Presentatie The Export Projects 10.1c Standard Bank BZ131 2017.03.27 Presentatie Sub Sahara Oil and Gas 10.1c Standard Bank BZ

Achtergrondinformatie Mozambique en Zuid-Afrika

sleutelspelers ICC (MinJus, Vice-minister Jeffery, vooraanstaand ICC-expert Goldstone) ZA te

Ander onderwerp

Voorstel gesprekken M AU-top (Addis Ababa, januari 2015)

Voorstel bilaterale gesprekken M:

Land Wie What’s in it for us? What’s in it for them?

Mozambique Minister for Foreign Affairs and Co-operation, Mr. Oldemiro Baloi

• Kennismaking• Regionale en wereldwijde problematiek vrede

& stabiliteit• • Langdurige OS-partner• Sterke toename economische belangen

Nederlandse bedrijven, veelinvesteringskansen (gasontdekkingen)

• Wenselijk komend jaar nieuwe president /ministers uit te nodigen

• Langdurige OS relatie• Nederlandse bedrijven geïnteresseerd

in investeren• NL kennis op gebied van bijv.

landbouw, water, energie (ministerminerale hulpbronnen in 2013 opbezoek geweest in NL)

Ander onderwerp

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potential. Some sources state that the number and diversity of market agents is increasing, from agribusinesses to farmers associations to small/medium-sized traders and larger trading companies. Public extension services are now present in many of the country’s districts and efforts are under way to strengthen their capacities. Some agribusinesses provide extension services, access to inputs and, in some cases, credit. Furthermore, farmers organizations are increasingly supplying advisory and marketing services to their members. The coverage of essential economic infrastructure is improving, with 90% of main roads considered passable, but substantial investment is still needed for feeder roads, a mobile communication network covering 75% of the country and 72% of district capitals that now have electricity. Bank agencies are present in only 39% of the 128 rural districts, but their number is expanding, albeit slowly. Most crops have performed disappointingly during 2000–2010, growth in agricultural output was largely driven by land expansion and not so much by productivity growth. Rising population density has forced many farming households to increasingly cultivate marginal lands, with the result that average yields have declined. The Embassy of the Kingdom of The Netherlands (EKN) is heavily involved in development aid to Mozambique (as stated, Mozambique depends for around 40% of its GDP on development aid). The total EKN budget for the period 2014 to 2017 is EUR 132 mln, of which EUR 36 mln destined for improved food security. Another EUR 33 mln is destined for water management but the larger part will be spent on stopping the spread of HIV/AIDS.

Several constraints on agricultural production prevail in Mozambique, according to EKN. Smallholder farmers have no secure land rights which affects long term investments. An initially strong political commitment to pro-poor land reform, expressed in the innovative land law, is being challenged by policy makers who want to make quick gains, neglecting community land rights. Limited access to improved seeds, extension services and fertilizer furthermore hinder production and market chain development. Lack of enabling infrastructure contributes to the stagnation of agricultural development.

The Mozambican Government promotes large scale investments which contribute to the development of the macro-economy. But these are not focused on inclusive development that would support the small- and medium sized agricultural enterprise sector. According to EKN the cooperative and SME model offer best options for inclusive development. The implementation of the Mozambican agricultural strategy may offer entries for enhancing the trade and investment relations with the agrifood and horticulture Top sectors of the Netherlands.

At present only few Netherlands small and medium enterprises, knowledge and financial institutions operate in the Mozambican agrifood sector. It is the aim of EKN to strengthen the enabling

While there are vast numbers of workers available, their skill levels are low as Mozambique still ranks among the bottom 2% of countries on the United Nations Human Development Index.

Depending on the source, 3-4.5 Tcm (trillion cubic metres) of potentially recoverable gas are thought to lie under Mozambican waters, with more than 95% in the Northern Rovuma Basin alone. The amount of gas findings is big enough to supply Germany, France, Italy and the UK for 12 years at current consumption levels. Under Tanzanian waters 0.7-1.2 tcm has been found. Mozambique and Tanzania together will become the third largest producer of natural gas LNG in the world. Due to the number people needed per exploration or production rig, demand for certified workers and staff is expected to exceed supply in the coming years. In face of the low level of education of the population and the high international standards of the shipping and offshore industries, the private sector can be considered to be insensitive to training costs, as these will be included in the cost of labour for the country. Although training costs can be relatively high compared to international benchmark, the fact that the non-salary cost of employing a worker is low and that most workers will engage in a longterm contract due to the nature of the shipping industry balance the ratios of productivity in Mozambique. The private sector requires a basic competent workforce – especially in the development phase - covering the professions, amongst others: Electricians; Mechanics; Truck drivers; Heavy machinery operators; Scaffolding personnel; Welders; Pipefitters; High voltage experts; Diesel technicians; Cool-reefer technicians; Hydraulics and pneumatics technicians; Flange mechanics; Coating; High pressure blasting experts.

Looking at the training need and related certification, there is a clear distinction between onshore and offshore. Onshore based industries focus on calamity prevention; doing every possible preventing calamities from happening. Offshore industries focus on emergency response; what to do if anything happened.

There is a limited number of METs (Maritime Education and Training) centres in Africa offering some offshore (related) training courses but none of them is a dedicated OPITO (Offshore Petroleum Industry Training Organization) center: . The most important are listed below: • Ghana | Accra; Regional Maritime University serving five

Anglophone countries in the sub-Saharan Africa: Ghana, TheGambia, Cameroon, Liberia and Sierra Leone.

• Angola | Luanda - ESSA (Drilling & Training ServicesCompany of Angola Ltd)

• South Africa | Cape Town – CPUT (Cape Peninsula Universityof Technology)

The majority of the people employed offshore receive their training in Europe (United Kingdom, The Netherlands) and the United States. In East and South Africa a dedicated, commercially operating, OPITO Accredited offshore training centre, does not exist. The presented training centre will focus on offshore first, followed – preferably in parallel - by onshore development and relatedtraining courses.

Results Annually, 1500-2000 people will be trained in 3 to 4 relevant basic courses.

Activities Three (3) OPITO training courses are a must for everybody working offshore. These courses are: • BOSIET Basic Offshore Safety Induction and Emergency

Training – Minimum requirement to work offshore includingadditional training in the use of survival suits and emergencybreathing systems during the HUET module.

• HUET Helicopter Underwater Escape Training - Skills andtheory required to improve an individual’s chance of survivinga helicopter ditching in water.

• FOET Further Offshore Emergency Training - This course isonly applicable to participants who have a current BOSIETcard that is within four years of expiring. This course isdesigned to assist in maintaining participant’s skills that arerequired to respond effectively to offshore incidents.

All course participants will receive internationally accepted certificates.

Observations for further development

OPITO has many more training courses. Depending the future oil and gas developments in the region the activities can be extended. In the slipstream of the offshore rig development, companies shipping goods/ cargo to-from the offshore structures will enter the offshore market as well. Seafarers working on-board offshore supply vessels should also meet minimum requirements laid down in the IMO (International Maritime Organisation) Convention STCW (Standards of Training, Certification and Watch-keeping for Seafarers). The STCW as Amended includes the BST (Basic Safety Training) course consisting of for mandatory modules: • Personal survival techniques• Fire prevention and fire-fighting• Elementary first aid• Personal safety and social responsibilities

The centre is considered to be self-supporting after a period of 4 to 5 years. Taken the fact that the consortium is already asked if they could provide other, related (vocational)training, it is expected that this is an achievable goal

a. Through customary norms and practicesb. Through good faithc. By application.DUATS are issued for a 50-year period. They can be inherited, but nottraded. One may apply for extension, portioning or removal of structureson the DUAT parcel. There is evidence of growing interest in DUATS,especially in the form of plots in planned, peri-urban areas.

Problem analysis It is the governments’ ambition to produce 5 million new Direito de uso et Aproveitamento de Terra (DUAT) certificates over a period of 5 years. Currently an electronic workflow for assigning DUATS is operational and 140,000 Urban and 30,000 rural DUATS have been allocated. Obviously, if the 5 million DUATS target is to be attained, a radical rethink must take place regarding implementation and process strategy. A plenary meeting took place with representatives of all closest stakeholders to the DUAT allocation process, including all DINAT-departments, EXI (IT service provider) and NL Embassy staff. It was stressed that when implementing the large scale land administration project, the timeframe, available budgets and improvements in tenure security should be carefully balanced. Instead of applying traditional approaches, DINAT and its partners in Mozambican land administration should consider approaches that can be considered as truly Fit-for-Purpose (FfP). This approach is endorsed by such organisations as the World Bank, UN-Habitat and the International Surveyors Organisation (FIG) as an effective means of improving tenure security in short timeframes against reasonable cost. This with application of modern methods of data capturing (such digital imagery rather than terrestrial surveys) and bottom-up participative methods rather than top-down institutional approaches.

Besides application of FfP-principles the creation of partnerships, government-level data sharing, process optimisation and client orientation should be elements of the overall approach to attain the land policy goals. By the end of the discussions, next subjects were identified that require further investigation: • Alternative scenarios for data capturing• Possible partnerships in data collection• Land Tenure Regularisation (LTR) Methodology• Capacity building assessment• Issues emerging from reviewing the DINAT organisation

Results This Technical Assistance Project is intended to support the implementation of the Land Administration Roadmap, mentioning 9 steps in building a sustainable Land Administration system: Step 1: Analyse the current status of land administration Identify current sources of land administration data, the quality and accessibility of the land data and the maintenance processes, institutions involved and their institutional capacity. Step 2: Identify and categorise new requirements New requirements may originate from the need to plan land usage, infrastructure, security, environment protection, industry, natural resources exploitation etcetera.

Step 3: Execute Fit-gap analysis Carry out a fit-gap analysis between the current land administration status identified in step 1 and the new needs identified in step 2. Step 4: Coordinate with the Statistics Bureau It is a good idea to partner up with the Statistics bureau and other relevant stakeholders to combine data capturing efforts. Step 5: Compile Land Administration Plan The Land Administration Plan identifies land tenure types and associated required levels of tenure security in relationship with land use planning issues and sustainable economic development. It describes the framework in how to deal with tenure security in terms of objectives, legal requirements, policy development, scope, time frame and the design of procedures. Step 6: Compile Land Administration Systems Plan The Land administration system describes the actual procedures, processes and sub processes. It is a documented working method to produce (analogue or digital) Land Administration results (data). Of course in modern land administration systems IT plays an significant role. Step 7: Strengthen the institutional capacity of DINAT Standard operating Procedures must be designed and communicated, based on clear business rules and associated business logic. Quality standards must be set, communicated, checked and enforced. Budget planning, staff planning, programme planning, project control and report cycles must be in place. Operational research assures the balance between time, cost and service quality. Stakeholder expectations and public appreciation are managed by proper communication. Step 8: Build partnerships on land administration Essentially DINAT should be a policymaking, standard setting and quality controlling entity. Production activities should be delegated to the provincial and district offices with initial large scale land administration data capturing and processing activities mostly outsourced to private sector parties. Step 9: Implement Proper Project Management Make sure DINAT’s responsibilities in the fields of policy making, implementation, standard setting and quality assurance responsibilities can be reported upon and subject to an improvement cycle. Develop project tendering templates, best practices, standards in institutional capacity, deliverables, expected time and costs, as part of the 2016 procurement plan Capacity Building To ensure proper implementation of DINAT responsibilities, staff must be trained and certified against the requirements associated with these responsibilities. Concepts for the future Organisation and Regularisation process have been compiled and form the basis for a detailed staffing plan including descriptions per position type of responsibilities and associated skills, expertise and competences.

Activities The project team will provide for support in next DINAT activities: Phase 1: Preparation for the 2016 procurement implementation plan.

Preliminary activities developing the Land Administration Plan Phase 2: Implementation of the Roadmap action plan

Phase 1 (Starting January 2016): Analysis of the current Status of Land Administration · Current sources of Land Administration data · Quality and accessibility of Land data · Maintenance processes · "MCA project methods (Lessons learned)" · Institutions and stakeholders involved in Land Administration Identification and categorisation of requirements · General requirements · Requirement categories / themes Training · Development of a training program LTR 2016 tendering procedure. · Drawing the 2016 procurement plan.

Phase 2 (Starting May 2016): Fit-gap analysis · Fit/gap in terms of stakeholders, end-users, information purpose,

quality, coverage, process, cost, time, capacity, priority, finances, partners, information, tools

Compilation of the Land Administration Plan · Description of suitable LA system for each LA-category based on

research results in GLTN, FIG en ITC · Systematic approach in LA · Technical standards / requirements · Tasks/responsibilities/competences in ICT in LA Compilation of the Land Administration System Plan · Needed coverage of the Land Information System · Processes / workflow following the 'FfP-Purpose' approach · Costs and quality levels of IT services related to LIS (licenses) · The provider-client relationship in Land Information Systems · Review on the technical performance of SIGIT/LMIS as the parcel based

Land Information System in DINAT · Further development of SIGIT to be ready for large scale Land

Registration purposes · Review on the maintenance costs/agreement and provider-client

relationship in SIGIT / LMIS Responsibilities and Tasks DINAT in LA · Regulatory framework · DINAT as the LA-organisation Building Partnerships in Land Administration (Systems) · Overlaps in Land Administration institutional responsibilities Implementation of Project Management · Project management standards · Terra Segura Program Training · Execution of the training program Phase 3, structural assistance in Land Administration, is not a part in this proposal. After completion of the first phases, the content, timeframe and budget of phase 3 should be discussed between participants involved.

Observations for In a meeting at Dutch VNG headquarters (Sept 2015) the honourable

further development

mayor of the city of Beira shared his need of having a (sustainable) Land Information System. A partnership with the City of Beira, together with the review of the SIGIT system and the SIGIT-licence could prepare the way for a future National standardised Land Administration system in Mozambique.

Remarks and risks After the first missions next remarks and risks have been mentioned: · The unknown end date of restructuring the DINAT organisation and

the unknown outcome of this restructuring process in terms ofpositions and capacity can affect the team work and progress.

· This mission is to support DINAT in activities mentioned. DINAT as theinstitution responsible for the result should guarantee operationalcapability of staff, equipment and competent counterparts needed toachieve results mentioned.

·

In each of these projects, the Municipality (CMB) plays a role, either as the prospective project owner, as a facilitator and enabler, or as a shareholder that guides and steers the project ensuring that the projects meets its socio-economic and environmental development objectives. The Dutch government is committed to support CMB in these roles and strengthen its capacity where necessary so that project implementation may happen effectively, efficiently and transparently. In this context, the Mayor of Beira and the EKN agreed that a qualitative baseline assessment of the capacity in CMB will be conducted. This assessment will focus on those parts of the Municipal organization (the elected members as well as municipal staff) that are the most relevant for the successful implementation of CMB’s role in the above mentioned projects. The assessment can build on and will complement the so-termed PEFA assessment of the budgetary process at CMB conducted with French support in 2015. The assessment will inform the division of responsibilities between CMB and partners in the various projects and identify areas in which the CMB’s capacity requires strengthening.

Results The assessment is expected to deliver the following results: - an overview of the municipal organization and the

identification of sections and key persons that are the mostrelevant for the successful implementation of the variousprojects

- an assessment of strengths and weaknesses in thosesections of CMB identified as the most relevant in thiscontext

- recommendations with regard to capacity enhancement ofCMB as well as a division of labour between CMB and itspartners in the various projects

With regard to the recommendations about division of labour, a

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developmental approach is envisaged in which certain tasks in which CMB’s capacity needs to be strengthened would be implemented under the responsibility of one of the partner organizations in the early stages of the process and then transferred to CMB at a later stage, if such would be opportune at that time.

Activities The assessment of municipal capacity will follow the methodology the VNG International has developed for this purpose. The assessment will involve both elected persons that govern CMB as well as municipal staff. The assessment will include an 11 day mission to Mozambique, preceded by several days of preparation to read the set of relevant documents produced in the context of the BMP. The assessment will include but is not necessarily limited to administrative systems and procedures and their implementation, technical and management competencies, external relations between CMB and citizens, CMB and other government agencies such as utilities, and between CMB and other relevant stakeholders such as private sector. Relevant areas of municipal competency that the assessment will address, include: - the administrative organization including the allocation and

separation of responsibilities- project and contract management (including an assessment

of the size of contracts that CMB manages)- tendering- supervision of implementation of works- licensing (land titles and building permits)- enforcement of zoning regulations- social housing- coordination with utilities such as water, wastewater and

electricity- public access to relevant information and transparency- operation and maintenance of the stock of municipal

equipment for roads, land improvement, etc.- public participation and consultation- public-private cooperation and governance of external

entities in which the Municipality has a stake- resettlement- interaction with international partners (English language

competencies)Whereas the land registry is a relevant component, this need not be addressed in much detail as it anticipated that a cooperation project be developed between CMB, the national registry in Maputo and the Dutch Kadaster Internationaal.

The mission to Beira will start with a briefing by the Mayor, the relevant aldermen and heads of department. In the week that follows, a series of interviews with key persons will take place. A screening will take place of of municipal systems and procedures as well as documents that track the implementation of such procedures. The mission will conclude with a debriefing in Beira. Also the mission will debrief the Netherlands Embassy in Maputo

Institutional setting Port of Beira is growing fast (25% more cargo last year). Main access is via public road network which is of bad quality, last km into port is an abominable dirt road. Many trucks move in-and out of the port through the city. Large truck traffic congestions occur which result in delay of freight transport and hinder city traffic.

Problem analysis In 2013, the Beira Masterplan 2035 was developed by Deltares, Witteveen+Bos and Wissing, the Municipality of Beira (CMB) and the Dutch government, represented by Netherlands Enterprise Agency (RVO). The Beira Masterplan included a long list of follow-up projects. One of the follow-up projects is the development, implementation (construction) and maintenance of a new port access road. A first scoping study for the development of the port access road was executed in 2015 by a Dutch consortium of Witteveen+Bos, BAM International, Deltares and Royal Haskoning. This scoping study was commissioned by RVO. On September 17th 2015 the Municipality of Beira and the Dutch government signed a memorandum of understanding for the development of the port access road. Since the capacity of the CMB is limited, it was agreed that the Netherlands will assist CMB with the development of the project and preparation of tender documents for the implementation of the access road feasibility study which will be financed through the Dutch program Develop to Build (D2B). D2B and CMB will jointly develop all the deliverables/mentioned below. The particular activities requested with this Terms of Reference for technical assistance are to assist CMB regarding these deliverables. CMB project ownership during these activities is crucial. Therefore, the consultant needs to take a very proactive role in getting these things done on behalf and together with the CMB in order to guarantee an effective and efficient coproduction with D2B. This means that the consultant should take the initiative when needed and motivate the Municipality staff involved. The consultant should streamline and facilitate the process and take away possible bottlenecks to ensure an effective and efficient outcome. This means that the consultant assist CMB with the formulation and procedures around the formulation plan, grant arrangement, tender documents and the tender itself regarding the development (not implementation) of the project. Deliverables of CMB: - Formulation plan - Developing project description and plan - Budget - Tender documents and Terms of Reference for all the

needed studies - Grant arrangement - CMB tenders assignment for project development

Results Deliverables of the consultancy are: - Direct support to CMB to achieve the above deliverables- Brief monthly report to RVO on the activities and progress

(delivered before the end of each month)

Activities The particular activities requested with this Terms of Reference for technical assistance are to assist CMB producing the above mentioned CMB deliverables. CMB project ownership during these activities is crucial. Therefore, the consultant needs to take a very proactive role in getting these things done on behalf and together with the CMB in order to guarantee an effective and efficient coproduction with D2B. This means that the consultant should take the initiative when needed and motivate the Municipality staff involved. The consultant should streamline and facilitate the process and take away possible bottlenecks to ensure an effective and efficient outcome. This means that you assist CMB with the formulation and procedures around the formulation plan, grant arrangement, tender documents and the tender itself regarding the development (not implementation) of the project.

Observations for further development

This intervention is to support the CMB with the development of the project and preparation of tender documents for the implementation of the port access road through the Dutch program Develop to Build (D2B). The next step will be the implementation of the feasibility study for the Beira port access road. If positive, this will be followed by application for a DRIVE project for the design, finance and construction of the port access road. When an attractive tender bid can be submitted by the Dutch consortium, once the road project is tendered by the client, with innovative technical design and holistic financing of the works the Dutch consortium has a good chance to obtain the works.

complete transparency about existing land use rights, about transfer of such rights where necessary and about conditions for such transfer in compliance with national legislation and with international good practice.

The two land development projects will be accompanied by the creation of the ‘Beira Land Development Company’ or Beira LDC. At present the preparations for the LDC and the two land development projects are ongoing. These preparations include an assessment of the quality of the existing municipal land registry, and the identification of measures to improve the registry in the areas where it is deficient. A mission by VNG, fielded in December 2015 to assess the capacity of the municipality of Beira including the land registry concludes (annex 2):

“… there is one vereação that does represent a bottleneck in this respect, the Vereação de Construção, Infraestruturas e Urbanização (VCIU), the domain of urbanisation and planning, infrastructure development and maintenance, where the […] land registry is also based.

Infrastructure development and urbanisation planning is an area in which local authorities and (semi) private partners have to work closely together because these activities are very much intertwined. Ownership and user rights, zoning plans and urban design, public infrastructure like roads and sanitation, public facilities like water, gas and electricity networks all have to fit together. This makes them dependent of each other and it is difficult to outline an area that can be directed and managed as a stand-alone operation.

Because of this close cooperation, information and support from CMB must be reliable and accessible, also for these (semi) private partners. Further, the data the cadastre provides is necessary all over the VCIU and beyond it (e.g. for revenue collection purposes). For licenses, planning and topography, it forms the backbone, and therefore distribution of this data within VCIU is necessary.

[…] the Masterplan cannot be fully executed […] without improvements in CMB. […] [T]he situation of the Beira’s municipal cadastre is so serious that it would be easier to develop an entirely new registration than improve the current register.”

After sharing these concerns with the Mayor and his management team, the scope for a Netherlands financed assistance to the Beira municipal land registry was discussed with the Mayor of Beira on various occasions, most recently in March 2016 during the multi-donor dialogue hosted by EKN and in the presence of the Mayor of Beira. Such support to Beira could complement and build on ongoing Dutch support to the national land registry in Maputo. Agreement was reached that

the improvement of the Beira municipal land registry (MLR) is urgent: for the inhabitants of Beira, for the municipal ability to raise taxes and revenue, and as a precondition for private and donor funded investments in infrastructure and land development in Beira. In the context of the three projects under development the following issues (not exhaustive) are relevant:

1. All three projects will have a component of resettlementand compensation of present land users. Precise registration ofpresent land use and rights in the pilot project areas (andpossibly wider) is important and urgent.2. The Beira municipality has committed to transferring theland rights of the new residential neighbourhood and thecommercial zone to the LDC (to be created).3. Once the land development projects are ongoing, thetransfer of land use titles from the LDC to the end users has tobe facilitated professionally by the Beira MLR.

Other key issues may be identified in the course of project preparation. It is in this context that a mission will be fielded to elaborate how Beira’s municipal land registry could be upgraded to a level where it can adequately support the city’s development objectives.

In the development of land for a residential neighbourhood there is a close cooperation with British social entrepreneur REALL (Real Equity for All). The role of REALL will be to build social housing in the newly developed area. REALL has a full time staff member in Beira, Richard Bahumwire, and the mission is encouraged to work with the REALL representative as a resource person.

Results The mission is expected to result in the following deliverables:

1. An analysis and diagnosis report of the present Beira MLR2. The outline of the Beira MLR project, giving due attentionto phasing and to the urgent short term actions to support thepriority projects that are under preparation

A preliminary version of both reports will be prepared during the mission and presented to the Mayor of Beira at the end of the mission All reports in the English language.

It is expected that the mission’s conclusions and recommendations for the Beira MLR project will be formulated in close coordination with the Mayor and will have his full support.

Activities The mission is of a scoping character. The mission team will do what is necessary to obtain the relevant information pertaining to the present situation of the Beira MLR and its operations, to expand the preliminary diagnosis of strengths and weaknesses of the MLR established by VNG, and to propose the outlines of a

longer term intervention to upgrade the MLR in stages, addressing short and long term needs of the City of Beira (defined here as: the Beira MLR project). The scope of the Beira MLR project will be to support the municipality in a gradual, phased change process of the Beira MLR, including the introduction of new (computerized) systems and digital working methods. Functionality is key. The level of sophistication of the system and the skills and hardware required to operate it, should be in step with the organizational, human and financial capacity of the Municipality. The design of the Beira MLR project will be the main goal of the mission. The project design will focus on the short term urgent needs in relation to the priority projects under preparation (those mentioned here, and possibly others), as well as the longer term change process and gradual transformation of the existing MLR into a new, professional and transparent one. The analysis and diagnosis of the present status of the Beira MLR will, by necessity, go beyond technical issues of land registries and explicitly encompass issues of transparency, vested interest in maintaining the status quo, institutional capacity, financial sustainability and organizational stability. Various options for the achievement of these may be presented. Long term technical assistance, possibly based in Beira, may be considered in the design of the Beira MLR project. The mission shall give due attention to the wider technical, political, legal and institutional aspects of the Beira MLR, e.g. issues related to data exchange and technical systems beyond the municipality (national level). The mission will consider issues of timing in the titling and registration of land users in the project areas in relation to the speed of project development. For instance, the relation between the two 50 ha pilot projects that will be developed first will be part of a 500 ha total development, in phases. This mission and the emerging longer term support to the MLR are part of a wider approach towards capacity development of the Beira Municipality, as proposed in the VNG report. The mission may conceptualize the longer term support in that context and for instance indicate wider requirements of institutional, organizational capacity that are relevant for the MRL support to become sustainable.

Observations for further development

Three important infrastructure projects in Beira will be financed with Netherlands funding, being two pilot projects for land development (Maraza residential neighbourhood and Munhava commercial/industrial zone), to be co-financed by the Partners for Water program, the Dutch Embassy in Maputo and FMO, and the new port access road project, to be financed through the

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Although women are the driving force of the economy in Mozambique, they own 46.7% of businesses and 71% of them operate in the informal economy. These female entrepreneurs are still in the base of the pyramid. A similar reality one can find in many other Southern African countries. The informal economy represents more than 40% of Mozambique’s GDP.

• Operating informally, women face many challenges: Theirbusiness growth is limited, since they cannot access businessopportunities and services;

• They have less access to finance schemes, BDS, andcontracts with big companies and Government;

• They also face bulling, bribing situations and harassmentfrom fiscal/municipal agents;

• Operating informally, they are also out of the NationalSecurity System, being even more vulnerable to risks.

Results 1.) A total number of fifty to sixty (50-60) women entrepreneurs will have received a business training and legal mentoring

2.) After the training and mentoring the women entrepreneurs are able t formalize their businesses, achieve legal compliance and unlock their potential.

3.) In the long run -after this pilot phase-, the programme will be able to compile relevant information and find the best approach to replicate support to women in formalizing their businesses sustainably.

Activities It is anticipated that the project will start with conducting cases studies of successful formalized businesses and gathering of more information to better understand this ecosystem. After this phase, training materials should be developed and the outreach of the application process need to be started. In the third phase the project will focus on assessing the pilot’s impact and gathering information to improve the project.

Observations for further development (a.o. communication opportunities)

A digital Land Registry, accessible and exchangeable

• Transparent (e-)procedures in collecting, processing andpresenting Land Information

• A base for future structural interaction between LDC and MRL

• Standardized quality and security of Land Information

• A base for customer oriented land services in the City of Beira

Activities Indexing and digitizing Cadastre: the existing archives and maps need to be indexed, digitised and (the DUAT Register) to be stored in a digital archive. This archive should be included in or connectable to the software environment for land administration. This latter requirements needs investigation. Also a systematic indexing approach is needed – based on interviews with the archive experts in the cadastral office.

- Development of a land administration (information) system. Theland administration system describes the actual procedures,processes and sub processes. A land administration system is adocumented working method to produce (analogue or digital) landadministration results: data. This data contains administrative dataand maps. In modern land administration systems IT plays ansignificant role and a land administration information system isalmost implicit. In developing the land administration system itshould be clear if the transformation should result in a single-purpose or a multi-purpose cadastre. In developing a landadministration (information) system the maintenance process ofthe system should be included from the start.

Improvement of the data quality and processes. This activity starts with the definition of the needed data quality in the recordation process, following Fit for Purpose methods. The quality of the old maps needs to be improved by ‘adjusting’ them to a high resolution cloud free (aerial or satellite) image. This imagery can also be used for data completion in the field – for areas where the map is outdated or incomplete GPS can be used for data maintenance – this will bring step by step quality improvements in the future. The maps need to be linked to the archives as far as possible – at least for the DUATs. The data quality is an important component in a future Quality Management System.

- Accessibility of the data: this concerns the publication andacquisition of data over intranet (only within the BeiraMunicipality) or internet (also outside the Beira Municipality).Data accessibility should be fully transparent in order to build aSpatial Data Infrastructure to share data between, at least, thedifferent departments within the Beira Municipality. This mayneed some discussion on what is desired or not.

and inspiring example for the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Mozambique. The Embassy has identified a mixed group of influentials who have an interest in the further strategic development of the local ecosystem. The knowledge gained by the participants can be applied immediately to implement improvements for entrepreneurs in Mozambique.

Results • The knowledge and experiences of the visit are taken backhome after which they can inspire others around them to workfor the Orange Corners concept.

• Pro-active contribution of these influentials to establish andstrengthen the ecosystem for entrepreneurs in Mozambique.

• The influentials generate attention for the opening of OrangeCorners.

• The visit helps to generate commitment to the follow-up afterthe opening of Orange Corners in 2017.

• Create connections between key players in the Netherlandsand Mozambique.

Activities RVO Influential Programme will develop a detailed 3 day program in the week of 27- 30 March including visits to several Incubators in the Netherlands; Universities; The Ministry of Economic Affairs; Start-up Delta; Local municipalities; Big corporates which stimulate entrepreneurship in the Netherlands and are our Orange Corners partners in Mozambique.

The Embassy would like to add one full day to the programme to enable the participants to have individual appointments which the Embassy will plan in for them. This because the length of the programme does not allow time for longer discussions. However individual appointments will provide an opportunity to explore opportunities for cooperation (e.g. K2K or G2G).

Other costs in the Netherlands (transportation, accommodation, meals) will be taken care of by BZ/COM.

Observations for further development (a.o. communication opportunities)

Communication opportunities for: Facebook page Netherlands Embassy Maputo Twitter Instagram The entrepreneurs joining us are very active on social media, therefore offering an opportunity for a lot of exposure.

The Global Entrepreneurship Congress – GEC gathers together thousands of entrepreneurs, investors, researchers, policymakers and other startup champions from more than 160 countries to identify new ways of helping founders start and scale new ventures around the world. Delegates make connections, gain insights, learn about new research, and leave ready to renew their programs, policy ideas or firm founder skills through this open conference that gathers all elements of the global entrepreneurial ecosystem. Although the GEC is now finally within reach for Mozambican entrepreneurs (being held in Johannesburg) many still struggle to cover the costs. Our targets are start-ups and young businesses, young and female (aspiring) entrepreneurs. These form the customer segment for Orange Corners and target group for all Orange Corners related activities.

Results A mapping study which provides: • A list of Student associations from 3 universities; • A list and contacts of active informal groups in these 3

universities; • An overview of all initiatives on entrepreneurship already

happening at these 3 universities. On a national level results related to GEC will be: • A ‘Let’s go to GEC2017 Facebook Challenge’ which results in:

1) an increase in the level of National engagement; 2) for EKN a clearer perception of those who are contributing to create an enabling ecosystem for start ups and SME.

• Participation to the GEC for maximum 22 start-ups who win tickets via the Facebook Challenge.

• A small report detailing about the activities, the results and the follow-up. This report will also include an overview (including small profiles) of these 22 change makers within the entrepreneurial ecosystem.

• The aim is to have a participation rate of 50% women entrepreneurs.

Activities The objective is the same, namely to contribute to the success of Orange Corners. This will be done via two main activities: Mapping entrepreneurial activity within our three potential Orange Corners partner universities. The mapping will be done via: • Interviews – 3 Universities – At least 8 interviewees per

University. Aim: to understand their willingness to become an entrepreneur, their current needs and attitudes.

• Creation of focus groups – 3 Universities – 10 participants per University. Aim: to understand their willingness to become an entrepreneur, their current needs and attitudes.

• Interviews with university structures (such as heads of faculties) and associations to create an overview of student associations, informal players.

Organization of logistics and events for 22 entrepreneurs attending the GEC in Johannesburg via: • Creation of the “Let´s go to GEC2017 Facebook Challenge”. • Organizing the logistics for the trip for maximum 50

south National Road N1, the country has no (or very limited) connection among the several west-east corridors, and developing full connectivity would require sustained and enormous investments over decades, with the likely participation of the private sector and non-traditional financiers. Additionally, rural population accessibility to domestic (and eventually international) markets is an enormous challenge, and lags behind what is observed in the region. Finally, maintaining the rapidly expanding road and rail network is an enormous hurdle to overcome, institutionally and financially, as the size of the network seems to overshadow the capacity of the country to provide funds for its maintenance. As for water resources, the country’s enormous potential has been only partially tapped. The main challenge is how to handle the wide range of conflicting water uses within an environmentally conscious framework. The current irrigation area can be expanded significantly with good economic returns. Management of national water resources should be done so as to increase the yield from existing and planned dams to augment water supply.

Results The main result of the project is: a report containing background on the infrastructure status of Mozambique, the challenges of the main infrastructure sectors ( roads, railways, ports water/sanitation, irrigation, power and ICT), an outlook (taken into account new developments such as in the gas sector ), financing structurs/modalities and options for financing large scale infrastructure projects by e.g. International Financing Institutes, Donors, investment funds etc. with emphasis on the subsectors roads, railways, harbour (in general) water (large scale irrigation/ sanitation/climate change adaptation). In addition, options for the Dutch sectors will be outlined.

Activities The activities consist of desk studies and interviews of key knowledge holders.

Communication - Outreach: does the project have a large outreach, in terms

of number of people or economic benefits?Not this programme directly but the follow up will

- Priority areas: does the project contribute to one of thepriorities of the Ministry such as iCSR or gender?No

- High Level: does the project involve high level (government)officials?Netherlands Embassy and national government

- Uniqueness: is it a unique or innovative project with largepotential for the future?Not applicable. Desk study

- Business opportunities: does it offer clear businessopportunities for Dutch companies?The study will make potential business opportunities as wellas financing options visible..

- Media value: can you relate the project to the latest news?- Multipliers: does the project offer chances for exporting the

concept to other embassies, in the region or to involve

Problem analysis The recent oil and gas findings, along with the development of other natural resources fields, suddenly turned the province of Cabo Delgado in general and Palma more specific into a potential source of employment and revenues of a magnitude that had not been anticipated by the stakeholders, from both the institutional and business communities. The realisation of these investments will spur development in the region. It will rapidly transform a rural coastal region that is currently known mainly for its traditional fisheries and its largely under-developed tourism potential. Only the Government of Mozambique – at central, provincial and local level - has the legitimacy to do so. It will have to match the industry’s effort and mount a credible multi-stakeholder regional and integrated development process. Otherwise, the populace, the local private sector and local authorities in the region may fail to seize the development opportunities that the oil and gas investments present. As yet, the GoM does not seem to have the resources and the capacity to do so. And if the GoM fails, benefits might accrue primarily in the capital city of Maputo, not in the Palma region itself. Multi-stakeholder partnership (public sector, research institutes, universities, private sector, civil society, donors) is the keyword. The Dutch government has supported development in/of Mozambique since the 1970s and has provided support in various multi-stakeholder processes in various sectors and parts of the country in recent years (ZVDA, BAGC, FIPAG, Beira City, Land registry, support to ENH, etc.). NL G2G support to such a regional integrated development process fits well in the NL aid & trade policy. It could build on similar support to regional development in other parts of the country. Yet, more information on the state of play around Palma’s development is required to assess whether there is room for NL involvement.

Results -Political economy stakeholder analysis; -Mapping of the different development initiatives of the Palma region. -Comprehensive cross sector assessment of development and commercial opportunities in Cabo Delgado province, with a focus on Palma and its hinterland; -A set of institutional opportunities to support development of Cabo Delgado province in general and the Palma region more specific;-mapping local demands and matching Dutch supply; -Recommendations to promote Dutch companies and businesses.

Result Indicator(s) (output / outcome)

This Phase 1 study will generate an analysis of the relevant stakeholders involved, maps current development plans for the region and helps in determining Dutch areas of interest for private sector involvement. The developments in the north of Mozambique will drive economic growth in Mozambique.

Activities -Documentary review of key strategical documents of developments in the Palma region. -Visit to the Palma region. -Stakeholder consultations. -Draft report and paper.

and helps in determining Dutch areas of interest for private sector involvement.

government’s Water Supply Assets and Investment Fund (FIPAG) announced that the China Henan International Cooperation Group has won the tender to modernize the water supply network in the western province of Manica. Under the contract, worth 42.4 million US dollars, the Chinese company will place 100 kilometres of pipes to increase water supplies to three towns in the province (Chimoio, Manica Town and Gondola), increasing the water supply tenfold, from 4,000 to 40,000 cubic metres a day. Henan is also a partner in the ORET investment in Water Supply Project New agreement on dredging at Beira The Mozambican Ports and Rail Company (CFM), and the National Dredging Company (EMODRAGA), signed in January a contract in Maputo with the Danish consortium JGH/RN (Johs. GRM-Hanssen and Rohde Nielsen). The 40 million Euros project financed by DANIDA includes acquiring a new dredging vessel for the port of Beira, with a capacity of 2,500 cubic metres and a boat with hydrographical equipment for EMODRAGA, rehabilitating a tug and a pilot vessel belonging to CFM’s central division, and technical assistance for EMODRAGA. The new dredger should maintain access to Beira Harbour, once van Oord has completed its emergency dredging works that are ongoing at this moment. Phase three of coal terminal expansion concluded The Maputo Port Development Company (MPDC) has announced the conclusion of phase three of the expansion of the Matola Coal Terminal, which is owned and operated by the South African company Grindrod. Phase three will raise the capacity of the terminal from four million to six million tonnes of coal a year. A pre-feasibility study is under way for a fourth phase in the expansion that will lift the capacity of the terminal to between 12 and 17 million tonnes a year, with a storage capacity of 1.4 million tonnes. INVESTMENTS Mozambique investment conference in London In December 2010 a major investment conference was held in London, aiming to increase British investment in Mozambique. The Mozambican Foreign Minister Oldemiro Baloi opened the conference. One of the key speakers at the conference was the British Under-secretary of State for International Development, Stephen O''Brien, who stated: "Mozambique is a country of huge potential. Growth in the private sector is the best way out of poverty and is good for development". Guebuza at Gulf-Africa investment forum In December Mozambican President Armando Guebuza invited businessmen from the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) to invest in Mozambique, particularly in agriculture. Speaking in the Saudi capital, Riyadh, at the opening session of the two day “Gulf-Africa Investment Forum 2010”, Guebuza cited a report drawn up by the Gulf Research Centre (GRC) in September 2008, which dealt with the question of food security for the GCC members, “We are pleased to note that the conclusions and recommendations of the report mention that Mozambique could be an important destination for investments in agriculture for GCC members who are seeking to guarantee their food security”, said Guebuza. SA cement groups plans to build factory in Mozambique Pretoria Portland Cement (PPC) plans to build a cement factory in southern Mozambique. The factory will have an installed capacity of 600,000 tons of cement per year and is expected to cost US$ 200 million. PPC, which operates factories in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Botswana, is currently carrying out the required feasibility studies for the project. It is expected that construction will begin in February of 2011. Chinese company invests 230 million Dollar In December 2010 the Mayor of Maputo, David Simango and the Executive Director of the Tong Jian Investment Company of China, Cao Hongru, signed a Memorandum of Understanding for the construction of a five star hotel in the Maputo neighbourhood of Costa do Sol, and a market for the sale of construction materials. The investment is worth a total of 230 million US dollars. Rice processing factory for Matutuine 33 million US dollars is being invested in rice production and processing in the southernmost Mozambican district of Matutuine, in a partnership between the Mozambican company Ubunto and the Libyan Investment Fund. The factory, with the capacity to process 600 tonnes of rice a day, should be concluded by 2012. It is expected that, as from 2012, this “Bela Vista Rice project will put on the market at least” 27,000 tonnes of rice a year. China to fund vehicle assembly plant The Mozambican government and the Chinese company Tong Jian Investment Ltd signed an agreement in Maputo to set up a vehicle assembly plant in Maputo province. The factory will cost 200 million US dollars, and the first vehicle is expected to roll off the assembly line by July 2011. According to the Director-General of the Mozambican government’s Office for Special Economic Zones (GAZEDA), Danilo Nalá the project will create 3,000 jobs. MINING AND ENERGY Shortage of cooking gas in Maputo Maputo has been experiencing an acute shortage of cooking gas since January. The usual vendors of gas say they have not received any supplies from the main distributor, the company PETROGAL. The shortage of gas in Maputo has also taken officials at the Ministry of Energy by surprise. ENH and Vale sign MOU for exploitation of methane gas Mozambique’s oil and gas company, ENH, and Brazilian mining giant Vale have signed a memorandum of understanding that will form the basis for the development of a methane gas prospecting and exploration project in the Moatize coal region in Mozambique’s Tete Province. Methane gas is a bi-product of the coal mining process that - while being a potential threat to mine safety - will be used to produce electricity. Rio Tinto launches takeover bid for Riversdale Mining Anglo-Australian mining group Rio Tinto has launched a takeover bid for Australian group Riversdale Mining. Rio Tinto is offering AUD 16.00 per share. The offer is valid until 07h00 Sydney time on 18 February. In a letter to the company’s shareholders, Riversdale’s board of directors recommended that the offer be accepted. Coal India to start drilling in Tete Coal India Ltd (CIL) plans to start exploratory drilling for coal in the blocks allocated to it in the western Mozambican province of Tete within the next two months, and hopes to start coal production by 2013, according to reports in the Indian press. The CIL blocks cover an area of 205 square kilometres. Preliminary estimates are that the coal reserve is about a billion tonnes. Twenty per cent of this is expected to be cooking coal and the rest thermal coal. Rovuma gas “still in the ground”, Warns Guebuza Mozambican President Armando Guebuza warned against any euphoria over the recent discovery of large deposits of natural gas offshore in the Rovuma Basin, in the far north of the country. At a press conference in Riyadh, Guebuza was asked about the government’s reaction to the discovery. ”It’s still in the sub-soil”, he pointed out. Studies were now needed to ascertain the size and economic viability of the Rovuma gas fields. BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES Rehabilitation of Nacala dam The Millennium Challenge Account now invites sealed Bids from eligible Bidders for the execution and completion of the cited Rehabilitation of Nacala Dam which is being offered as a unit price contract based on the Bill of Quantities. The Rehabilitation of the Nacala Dam forms part of the Water and Sanitation Project which includes the construction of the following key components: - The repairs to and rising of the earth dam walls; - The construction of a new spillway and outlet chute; - The construction of a new outlet works and the construction of various reinforced concrete structures, and; - The realignment of the national road N 12 below the dam wall. All Bids must be accompanied by a security in the form and amount specified in the Bidding Documents, and must be delivered to the address given below no later than February 25, 2011 at 10H00. More information: http://www.mca.gov.mz <http://www.mca.gov.mz/> . Want to sell or by a business? Looking for the right partner or service provider? Contact info@clubofmozambique.com, http://www.clubofmozambique.com<http://www.clubofmozambique.com/>

Berichtgegevens [RIJK]

Aan : DAF; DDE; beb; EVD OpstellerAfgestemd : CdPKenmerk : MAP/OS-058/2011Type : Beleids

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Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken

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which were the main factors in choosing to construct the rice processing factory in the district. Namacurra district has an area of 89,000 hectares available for rice production, with irrigation schemes in Mungonhane and Mitange. Trials are being conducted in Mungonhane by the Institute of Agronomic Research to look at the viability of having two harvests per year.

Muxungue pineapples ready for export to Europe Pineapples grown in the administrative post of Muxungue, Chibabava district, in the central province of Sofala, are ready to be exported to the European market following international certification. BCS Oko-Garantie of Germany has certified four producers associations who will market their crop under the mark Muxungue Organic Farmers Associations. According to the Deputy Minister of Industry and Commerce, Kenneth Marizane, in the first phase a total of 700 tonnes of pineapples will be exported to the Netherlands and Denmark this year. Marizane said that this is a pilot project which in the future could be spread to other parts of the country if growers can meet the demands of the European market, such as the need for the product to be one hundred per cent natural and organic. The Deputy Minister said that in order to receive the certification the pineapple producers of Muxungue had to take many steps over a period of three years to meet the international standards for organic produce. Ch babava district has 3,500 farmers cultivating pineapples, but in the past a large proportion of the 50,000 tonne harvest has been wasted due to the lack of buyers. The Organic certification of Muxungue farmres associations and export of organic pineapples to Europe are results of the project implemented by Institute of Promotion of Exportations (IPEX) in partnership with CBI and SNV, and financial support from the Netherlands, aiming at testing the potential of 7 traditional products (including pineapple) for export to the EU market.

Tonnes of cashew nuts marketedThe Mozambican cashew sector showed its continuing recovery by marketing 112,000 tonnes of cashew nuts in the 2010-2011 campaign, much higher than anything in the previous three decades, according to the Director of the Mozambican Cashew Institute (INCAJU), Filomena Maiopue. In the 1970s, Mozambique was the largest producer of cashew nuts, and the amount marketed once reached 216,000 tonnes. But the producing areas were badly hit in the 1980s, both by the war of destabilisation and by fungal infestations and insect pests. The stock of cashew trees was also ageing, and so production declined in both quantity and quality. But there is now a considerable recovery based on small scale processing factories, mostly in the north of this country, and on improved treatment of the trees, including with spraying against fungus infestations. “Over the last five years, the average amount of cashew nuts marketed has fluctuated between 70,000 and 90,000 tonnes. But this year’s figure of 112,000 tonnes is a great victory for the country, since it is the highest figure attained since independence”, said Maiopue.

Mozambique expects bumper cotton harvest this yearAfter the exceptionally low cotton harvest of 42,000 tons in 2009-2010 agricultural season, this year is promising to see an almost doubling of the production to 70,000 tons according to the Mozambican Cotton Institute. The dramatic change in production output is said to be due to the crop being given up by many families because of a drop in prices over the past few years. However, as prices are now at an all-time high on the international market, more producers feel encouraged to return to cotton production.

Mozambique plans to revise GMO regulationsMozambique intends to revise its regulations on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in order to adapt this legislation to the country’s current needs. The Minister of Science and Technology, Venancio Massingue, announced this intention at the opening of a seminar of reflection on bio-security guidelines for the handling and risk management of GMOs in Mozambique. Mozambique ratified the Cartagena Protocol on Bio-safety in 2001, and in 2007 the government approved a set of regulations on bio-safety dealing specifically with the management of GMOs. “In these regulations we looked at genetically modified products in transit and destined for use in the country”, said Massingue. Based on these rules, some GMOs were forbidden from entering or passing through Mozambique. The revision of the regulations, said the Minister, seeks to legislate for the genetic crossing of seeds in order to improve the productivity of crops, and to ensure that the tests for such hybrids are carried out under conditions of maximum security.

National Statistics Institute Releases Results from Agriculture & Livestock Survey 2009-10The National Statistics Institute (INE) has released the preliminary results of the Agriculture & Livestock Survey it undertook in 2009-10. The survey confirmed that of the 3,827,754 farms in rural Mozambique 99.6 per cent are classified as small, covering less than 10 hectares while in contrast only 841 farms are considered large, with 50 hectares or more. It provides a snapshot of the current state of the agricultural sector in Mozambique and highlights interesting findings about the most commonly cultivated food and cash crops, agricultural techniques and low prevalence of mechanization. The survey also found that 27.4 per cent of households running farms are headed by women.

Mozambique to complete land zoning by 2012The Mozambican government’s land zoning project, which started last year in the country’s central province of Zambezia, is due to be completed in 2012. Once completed, it will help to accurately determine spaces available for economic activities such as agricultural production or tourism developments and speed up allocation of land for development projects.

BANKING SECTOR

Banco Pro Credit receives funding from French governmentThe Mozambican bank Banco Pro Credit and the French Development Agency (AFD) signed a convention which will give the bank access to funding of 459,000 euros. This agreement will allow the AFD to support the bank in providing credit facilities for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) operating in Mozambique.

WATER SECTOR

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HCB completes renovation of first floodgate Hidroelectrica de Cahora Bassa (HCB), the company that operates the dam in the central Mozambican province of Tete, has recently completed the renovation of the first floodgate, from a group eight, in the dam. This is part of a comprehensive investment program to modernize that important infrastructure for power generation. The head of Engineering Services and Maintenance at HCB, Moises Machava, explained that this is a huge operation, which includes replacement of a number of elements in advanced state of aging that impact negatively on power quality. According to Machava, the management of HCB also plans to renovate another two floodgates before the end of 2011. The renovation project of the equipment ensuring structural safety of the dam, which is also used to manage the lake and discharges of water downstream of the Zambezi River, started in August 2010 and budgeted at 15 million euros. Once completed in 2013, it is expected that the eight floodgates will be fully operational for another 30 odd years. MINING AND ENERGY

Coal production starts at MoatizeMozambican President Armando Guebuza and the chairperson of the Brazilian mining giant Vale, Roger Agnelli, detonated the first charge of explosives initiating coal production at Vale’s open cast mine in Moatize, in the western Mozambican province of Tete. The two men together pressed a button installed in the giant tent where the official ceremony to launch coal production was held. The explosion sent an enormous black cloud of coal dust into the atmosphere, as the crowd burst into applause. It has long been known that there are coal reserves in Moatize, but under Portuguese colonial rule, and in the initial post-independence period, they were barely scratched in small underground mines. One such mine, now run by the British company Beacon Hill, continues to produce – but at the very low level of 30,000 tonnes a year. Vale is talking of millions of tonnes a year. Agnelli announced that so far Vale has invested about two billion US dollars in Mozambique, and intends to invest a further four billion dollars in the next five years. As for the export of coal, Agnelli expected it to begin within the next two months, despite the delays in rebuilding the Sena railway line, linking Moatize to the port of Beira. Currently, Vale-Mozambique employs about 8,000 workers, more than 85 per cent of whom are Mozambican. “In the second phase of the project, which is already being developed, we shall reach 15,000 workers”, said Agnelli.

Three Indian coal exploration companies did for Coal India’s Mozambique contractCoal India’s (CIL) contract for the exploration of its two coal blocks in Mozambique’s central province of Tete has attracted bids from three Indian coal exploration companies. CIL will award the contract by July. According to a company official, it will take about two years for the selected firm to complete the exploration of the blocks and it is anticipated that the first phase of production will start by 2013.

Vale awards contract to APR EnergyThe US-based company APR Energy announced that the Brazilian mining giant Vale has awarded it a contract to provide electricity to Vale’s mine at Moatize, in the central Mozambican province of Tete, which began operation on Monday. APR Energy will be responsible for installing and commissioning a diesel generator capable of providing 10 megawatts of electricity. According to the Chief Executive Officer of APR Energy, John Campion, “this award represents an important step for APR Energy’s growth and our expanding presence in the commercial mining sector. It shows how well APR Energy’s power solutions can meet the specific needs of the mining and industrial sector”. In its initial phase, the Moatize mine will produce about 11 million tonnes of coking and thermal coal a year. This is projected to double, to 22 million tonnes, in the second phase. Vale-Mozambique employs about 8,000 workers, and the company has so far invested about two billion US dollars in Mozambique. Over the next five years a further four billion dollars will be invested.

Viability study presented on Tete - Maputo transmission line The planned electricity transmission line from Tete to Maputo, known as the north-south backbone, is viable according to a preliminary study presented in Maputo by Sal Consultores e Desenvolvimento Social (SCDS), the company hired by the Mozambican electricity company, EDM, to carry out the research. The consultants concluded that the damage expected to affect the environment and life around the venture can be mitigated. SCDS indicated that the project could cause soil erosion, emit pollutant gases, and create noise, but without significant impact on the environment. Budgeted at 1.7 billion US dollars, the link from Tete to Maputo will have two high tension lines, the first with 800 kV of direct current and the second with 400 kV of alternating current. The lines will carry a maximum of 2650 MW and 1100 MW respectively. The line will traverse the provinces of Tete, Sofala, Gaza, Inhambane, Maputo and Manica, requiring about eight thousand pylons.

Government approves renewable energy strategy The Mozambican Council of Ministers (Cabinet) approved the Strategy for the Development of New and Renewable Energy, with the objective of creating conditions for communities living far away from the national grid to access energy resources. The strategy is due to be implemented over the 15 year period 2011-2025, and will regulate and put into operation the use of renewable sources for the generation of electricity. As per Energy Minister Salvador Namburete, among the various renewable energy technologies contemplated in the strategy are solar-powered photovoltaic systems for lighting, water pumping or heating. Other technologies are wind generators, geothermal systems and biomass from organic material such as sugar cane. The strategy also covers power generation from the sea, which looks at wave and tidal energy, and temperature variations in the ocean. According to Namburete, the isolated systems will be developed by private companies using cost recovery models. He pointed out that in some cases the cost of producing energy will be slightly higher than the national electricity tariff, but an effort will be made to approach the cost of what is provided by the national grid.

TOURISM SECTORTourism set to benefit local communities through community-private partnershipsIn a landmark agreement a local community association in Maputo Special Reserve will team up with a private investor to develop a $3 million eco lodge in the reserve. The 25-year partnership agreement is the first of its kind granting a community long-term concession rights for a tourist area in one of the country’s primary conservation sites. The agreement was assisted by the World Bank’s International Finance Corporation (IFC) as part of the organisation’s broader Mozambique Anchor Tourism Investment Program which has been supporting the government since 2007 in developing equitable policies, expertise and tools to “secure ‘anchor’ investors and boost tourism growth in selected priority areas”.

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Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken

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The new leadership of the Confederation of Mozambican Business Associations (CTA), elected in June, took office in Maputoand promised to continue the work of their predecessors.The new CTA chairperson is Rogerio Manuel, who is also chairperson of the Mozambican Association of Road Transport Operators (FEMATRO). He was elected unopposed, and replaces Salimo Abdula. Abdula becomes chairperson of the board of the CTA General Meeting. Manuel called on all CTA affiliates, the government and other CTA’s partners to unite and to make Mozambiquea favoured destination for business.He promised to continue the work of the outgoing leadership, who had taken significant steps in developing business associations, and in improving the Mozambican business environment. He stressed in particular the establishment of provincial business councils, the consolidation of mechanisms for consultation with the government, and initiatives to guarantee the sustainability of the CTA. Under the old leadership Henk Son, a Dutch business man in Maputo, was vice chairs of CTA.

INFRASTRUCTURE GENERAL

Essar Group may Build Iron Ore Terminal at Beira Port

The diverse Essar Group, which holds interests in steel, may build an iron ore terminal atBeiraPortwith the capacity to process 20 million mtpa. The terminal would be used toship surplus iron ore output from the company’s Mwanezi and Ripple Creek mines in neighboringZimbabwe.

WATER SECTOR

More Drinking Water for Matola City

Eight small scale water supply systems were officially inaugurated in the southern Mozambican city ofMatola, as part of a project undertaken by the government’s Water Supply Investment and Assets Fund (FIPAG).These systems, based on boreholes, reach people who are not covered by the main public water supply network in the outlying Matola neighbourhoods of Ndlavela, Khongolote, Sao Damaso, 1st May and Nkobe. A further eight such systems have been built in theMaputocity neighbourhoods of Albazine, Zimpeto and Magoanine. Taken together, the 16 systems will benefit about 100,000 people.Work on the systems began in March 2010 and was concluded in December. This initiative is an integral part of the project to rehabilitate and expand the water supply system inMaputo, Matola and the adjoining district of Boane, budgeted at 95 million euros (about 138 million US dollars). This project is co-financed by the European Investment Bank, the European Union, the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Governments ofFranceandMozambiqueitself.

MINING AND ENERGY

Beacon Hill Ready to Send Coal to Beira

The British company Beacon Hill Resources announced that it has begun to produce export grade coking coal from its open cast mine at Moatize, in the western MozambicanprovinceofTete. The initial plan to start trucking coal to the port atBeirahas been rescheduled from July to September, due to delayed rehabilitation of the Sena line, linking Tete toBeira. In a statement to the Beacon Hill Annual General Meeting, the company’s Chairperson, Justin Lewis, said “we are delighted to announce the commencement of operations at Minas de Moatize with production of its first washed export grade coal. This is another significant milestone for the development of the Minas de Moatize coal mine, which, has been achieved in less than a year since we acquired the mine”. Since taking ownership of Minas de Moatize,Beacon Hillhas switched the focus to open cast mining. It is developing a large open cast mine that will produce 2.35 million tonnes of coal per year, of which 0.9 million tonnes will be in the form of the more valuable coking coal. The company will start by mining 15,000 tonnes of coal per month.The company has a temporary processing unit to wash and grade the coal, and will process a stockpile of 39,000 tonnes from its underground mine to test the unit and the logistics of getting the coal to market.

Globe Metals Announces Rare Earth Finds

The Australia-based company Globe Metals and Mining has released encouraging results from its exploration for rare earths in the western MozambicanprovinceofTete.A statement from Globe said that its rock-chip and soil sampling programme atMountMuambe, in Moatize district, had found at least five zones of significant rare earth mineralization. The most significant minerals identified atMountMuambeare heavy rare earths.

Huge Investment likely for Liquefied Natural Gas

The Houston-based oil and gas company Anadarko is proposing to the Mozambican government the establishment of a Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) facility in the far north of the country, which could produce a billion cubic feet of gas a day.Of the various companies exploring for hydrocarbons in theRovumaBasin, near the border withTanzania, Anadarko is by far the most advanced. The block it was awarded covers both onshore and offshore areas in the districts ofPalmaand Mocimboa da Praia in Cabo Delgado province – and in four of the seven exploratory wells that Anadarko has drilled, large deposits of natural gas have been found.All the discoveries are in deep water offshore, and two are counted among the top ten gas discoveries world wide in 2010. Anadarko has so far invested 750 million US dollars in theRovumabasin, and expects this sum to reach in excess of three billion dollars by the end of 2013. If plans for an LNG facility go ahead, that could raise investment to 15 billion dollars by around 2018. This would be by far the largest foreign investment inMozambiqueto date.

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ENI-GALP to Drill Wells in September

The consortium formed by the Italian oil company, ENI, and the Portuguese Galp-Energia expects to start drilling for oil and gas in theRovumaBasin, off the coast of the northern MozambicanprovinceofCabo Delgado, by September.ENI holds 70 per cent of the shares in this consortium and Galp-Energia the remaining 30 per cent. The contract the Mozambican government has signed with the consortium envisages an exploration period of eight years, followed by 30 years for the production phase, on the assumption that hydrocarbons are discovered.The consortium will be drilling in waters that are up to 2,600 metres deep. This is much deeper than the wells drilled further north by the Houston-based company Anadarko. The six offshore wells drilled by Anadarko are in about 1,500 metres of water.The ENI-GALP consortium can take encouragement from the fact that four of the Anadarko wells made large discoveries of natural gas.

Vale Enters Partnership to Produce Liquid Fuel

The Brazilian mining company Vale is to enter into a partnership with the Portuguese company SGC Energia to build an industrial unit to convert coal into liquid fuel in Moatize district, in the central MozambicanprovinceofTete. Thefacility will use coal from Vale’s open cast mine in Moatize.High quality coking coal will be exported, while thermal coal will be burnt at a planned power station to produce 300 megawatts of electricity. The remaining, low grade, coal with high ash content will be converted into liquid fuel.Vale’s chairperson Roger Agnelli estimated that a liquefied fuel processing plant could produce 300 million litres of fuel a year, of which about half would be used by Vale inMozambique. The rest would be sold on the domestic fuel market, thus reducingMozambique’s need to import liquid fuels.

Tete – Maputo Backbone to be Launched in August

The electricity transmission line from Tete toMaputo, known as the north-south backbone, is expected to be formally launched in August. Construction is scheduled to begin in 2014 and be completed by 2017. The transmission line is a crucial component of the proposed hydroelectricity dams at Mpanda Nkua and Cahora Bassa North, and the coal power stations at Moatize and Benga, all of which are located in Tete province. This is because the lines currently transmitting power from the Cahora Bassa dam toSouth AfricaandZimbabwehave reached maximum capacity. Agreement to push ahead with the transmission line was taken inMaputoat the Annual Consultation Meeting between the government and its cooperation partners in the energy sector, including the World Bank, Norway, France, European Investment Bank, African Development Bank, Electrobras, and Redes Energeticas Nacionais.

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Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken

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25 oktober 2012

Ministerie van Buitenlandse ZakenBerichtenverkeer

BZ-VertrouwelijkMozambique - Economie - resultaat ambassade Maputo bij MVO ondersteuning bedrijvenVan : MAPVerzonden op : 25 oktober 2012 13:54 Land/regio : MozambiqueThema : Economie

SamenvattingDit bericht gaat in op de vragen gesteld over MVO zoals gesteld in bericht

BerichtKunt u aangeven tegen welke MVO uitdagingen bedrijven in uw land (vaak) aanlopen?

Het uitoefenen van de aanspraak op land door lokale gemeenschappen is een van de belangrijkste MVO uitdagingen in Mozambique vanwege de cruciale rol ervan voor de ontwikkeling van de landbouw. Het onderwerp is nauw verwant aan het thema mensenrechten en inclusieve ontwikkeling. Om de landrechten van lokale gemeenschappen te borgen en private investeringen aan te moedigen is er een innovatieve landwet aangenomen,

Een tweede belangrijke MVO uitdaging is de corruptie.

Nu steeds meer voortgang wordt gemaakt in de ontginning/openstelling van de aanzienlijke natuurlijke rijkdommen van Mozambique zal echter in toenemende mate vanuit MVO perspectief aandacht gegeven moeten worden aan het creeren van zo breed mogelijke werkgelegenheid en het betrekken van lokale bedrijven als partners bij de investeringen en bij toelevering van diensten.

Hoeveel bedrijven hebben zich in het afgelopen jaar bij uw ambassade gemeld met vragen op MVO gebied?

Geen enkel bedrijf heeft zich in 2011 bij de ambassade gemeld met vragen over MVO. Het aantal Nederlandse bedrijven, dat actief is in Mozambique, is nog gering.

Brengt u, waar relevant, steeds zelf MVO op in gesprekken met bedrijven, overheden en andere organisaties?

De onderwerpen inclusieve ontwikkeling en inclusive business worden regelmatig ter sprake gebracht in gesprekken met overheid en (potentiele) investeerders. Tevens worden de milieuaspecten genoemd die in acht moeten worden genomen bij de grote (en snelle) ontwikkelingen die het land te wachten staan door de enorme steenkoolvoorraden en gasvondsten in het noorden. Ook bij veldbezoeken en ontmoetingen met buitenlandse investeerders/bedrijven stelt de post het onderwerp standaard aan de orde.

Heeft u in het afgelopen jaar zelf MVO activiteiten ondernomen, en zo ja, welke en hoe vaak en kunt u een indicatie geven welke activiteiten zijn voorzien voor 2012?

In 2011 zijn er geen specifieke MVO activiteiten door de ambassade ondernomen anders dan de lopende programma’s ten aanzien van landrechten en bevordering landregistratie.

k heeft de aandacht die voor dit onderwerp in Nederland bestaat aanleiding gegeven tot bezoek CdP aan provincie, geheel gericht op ontwikkelingen in de bosbouw.

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Kenmerk : MAP-535/2012Type : BeleidsPrioriteit : Routine Rubricering : BZ-VertrouwelijkCategorie : Verslag/InfoReferte : IB/BEB/2012/39

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This message may contain information that is not intended for you. If you are not the addressee or if this message was sent to you by mistake, you are requested to inform the sender and delete the message. The State accepts no liability for damage of any kind resulting from the risks inherent in the electronic transmission of messages.

Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken

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22 april 2013

Ministerie van Buitenlandse ZakenBerichtenverkeer

BZ-VertrouwelijkMozambique - EU - Bezoeken - EU HOMS bezoek aan de provincie NampulaVan : MAP-CDPVerzonden op : 22 april 2013 18:20 Land/regio : MozambiqueForum : EUThema : Bezoeken

SamenvattingEU HOMS hebben een gezamenlijk bezoek gebracht aan de provincie Nampula en hebben zich breed kunnen oriënteren op politieke, economische, OS en culturele samenwerking in de provincie van zowel de EU als de individuele lidstaten. Nederlandse activiteiten, vooral op watergebied, kwamen prominent aan bod en ontvingen veel waardering.

Commentaar

Bericht

EU ambassadeurs gezamenlijk het land in.

Van 16-21 april bezochten EU ambassadeurs de provincie Nampula (stad Nampula, Nacala en Ilha de Moçambique). Dit was de eerste keer dat de EU delegatie een gezamenlijk bezoek organiseerde. Het bezoek bestond uit politieke, economische, OS (EU gefinancierd en ook bilaterale activiteiten) en culturele elementen en er is gesproken met de provinciale en lokale autoriteiten, overheidsinstanties, het maatschappelijk middenveld en bedrijven.

EU HOMS zullen tijdens regulier overleg later deze week nog bespreken welke lessen uit dit bezoek getrokken kunnen worden. Los daarvan belicht ik graag al het volgende:

Nampula provincie algemeen en Nampula stad

EU had een bezoek gepland aan in het kader van het EU Water Facility project maar omdat uitvoerend organisatie FIPAG de presentatie breder trok, kregen de collega’s een presentatie van resultaten en plannen watervoorziening en sanitatie op nationaal niveau. Het predominante Nederlandse aandeel (bilaterale fondsen, oude PPP fondsen, samenwerking FIPAG met Vitens, ORIO en ORET) kreeg zeer veel waardering en (ook in de nationale media).

NIMD een programma ontwikkeld voor grotere participatie van burgers in het democratisch proces op lokaal niveau (zeker in de nu al roerige aanloop tot de gemeenteverkiezingen later dit jaar van belang). EU HOMS namen deel aan een sessie van deze ‘scholen voor democratie’) en ook hier werd kwam prominent aan de orde dat NIMD een Nederlandse organisatie is. Deze post financiert NIMD overigens niet maar onderhoudt wel nauwe banden met de organisatie.

De Nederlandse presentie in Nampula door de versnelde afbouw van het goed bestuur programma weliswaar verminderd maar een ontmoeting met een ngo-platform voor inclusieve landbouwontwikkeling (inbegrepen milieu) liet zien dat de wortels van de ngo betrokkenheid liggen in de Nederlandse benadering van goed bestuur verspreid over nationaal, provinciaal en lokaal niveau zoals deze is neergezet in de Nampula.

Nacala

In Nacala bezochten HOMS zowel het Vale gedeelte van de haven, waar de nieuwe kolen terminal wordt gebouwd als de container en general cargo haven die Portos do Norte in concessie heeft.

Punt van aandacht blijft daarom de organisatie van de haven, zie hiervoor ook Africa Confidential van 12 april jl. ‘Frelimo's gold rush’).

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Het bezoek aan GAZEDA,

Ilha de Moçambique

Berichtgegevens [BZ-V]

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Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken

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5 november 2013

Ministerie van Buitenlandse ZakenBerichtenverkeer

BZ-VertrouwelijkMozambique - Economie - Master Class Energy Value ChainVan : MAPVerzonden op : 5 november 2013 07:23 Land/regio : MozambiqueThema : Economie

SamenvattingSuccesvolle Master Class- en Symposium ‘Energy Value Chain’ in Maputo georganiseerd door de NABC - Dutch Round Table Oil & Gas Mozambique in samenwerking met de Eduardo Mondlane Universiteit en de Nederlandse ambassade.

CommentaarEvenement was een goed en nuttig vervolg op de inkomende en uitgaande sector missies van afgelopen juni en juli. De bedrijven die meededen aan de Master Class hebben waren ook deelnemers aan deze missies. De Master Class was ook een goede gelegenheid om naast de kennisdeling contacten verder te versterken en was een eerste stap in verdere samenwerking tussen Mozambique en Nederland op het gebied van capaciteitsopbouw in de sector. Vervolgbesprekingen zullen plaatsvinden tussen ambassade en de universiteit om langere termijn samenwerking te verkennen.

BerichtMaster Class Energy Value Chain

Op 28 en 29 oktober is er een Master Class ‘Energy Value Chain’ gehouden in Maputo voor 25 deelnemers van lokale bedrijven, instituten en de UEM universiteit. De cursus behandelde de energie waardeketen en ging dieper in op de verschillende stappen in de keten die genomen moeten worden om succesvolle productie van aardgas mogelijk te maken. Het evenement was gericht op het delen van ervaringen, ideeën en innovaties. De Master Class werd gegeven door vertegenwoordigers van de Nederlandse bedrijven Shell, Fugro, Boskalis, Dockwise, Van Oord, Mammoet, Damen en Heerema Marine Contractors. Deze bedrijven zijn georganiseerd in de Dutch Round Table Oil & Gas die wordt ondersteund door het NABC. Technisch middenkader van Mozambikaanse en internationale stakeholders in de industrie waren uitgenodigd. Na de officiële opening door CdP en de directeur van de Engineering Faculty van UEM werd er een indrukwekkend introductie filmpje vertoond over de capaciteiten en wereldwijde ervaringen van de Nederlandse bedrijven in de aardgas industrie. Het filmpje is door Nederlandse bedrijven in samenwerking gemaakt. Vervolgens werden er presentaties gegeven door de bedrijven en werd er in groepjes gewerkt aan opdrachten met betrekking op ‘Safety and Environment’ en ‘ Local Content’. De twee dagen interactie werd afgesloten met een netwerkborrel op de residentie met een grotere groep genodigden.

Symposium Energy Value Chain op universiteit

Op woensdagmiddag 30 oktober werd vervolgens een symposium gehouden op de ingenieurs faculteit van de Eduardo Mondlane Universiteit. Ongeveer 80 laatstejaars ingenieur studenten en professoren namen deel.

Studenten en professoren hadden vele vragen en bleven enthousiast aanwezig tot aan het einde van het symposium dat werd afgesloten met een levendige borrel met tijd voor vragen stellen van studenten aan de Nederlandse bedrijven, NABC en de ambassade.

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Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken

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• , was deTweede Gas Summit Mozambique zeer goed bezocht met meer dan 500 deelnemers.

• Grote afwezigen tijdens de Summit waren minister Bias van Minerale Hulpbronnen en Nelson Ocuane, CEOENH. De eerste was samen met president Guebuza op bezoek in Italië, de tweede was geveld door ziekte.

• Honneurs werden waargenomen door Bejamin Chilenge, Directeur Planning en Ontwikkeling van het ministerievan Minerale Hulpbronnen en Paulino Gregorio, Directeur Engineering and Development Projects van ENH.

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• Verschillende partijen benadrukten de aantrekkelijkheid van de Mozambikaanse gasvelden vanwege het enormevolume aan gas voorraden. Dit maakt investeringen lange termijn gericht, efficiënter en minder risicovol. Delage olieprijs en de daarmee verbonden onzekerheid over de gasprijzen lijken dan ook geen spelbreker teworden voor de te nemen FID voor de LNG ontwikkeling in het noorden van Mozambique.

• Een Special Decree voor de gas ontwikkelingen in de blokken 1 (Anadarko) en 4 (ENI) moet de weg banen voorde te nemen FID in 2015. Het Decree werd op 25 november 2014 door de ministerraad goedgekeurd

. Het Special Decree zal niet plenair in het parlementworden behandeld maar door een speciale commissie goedgekeurd worden.

• Tijdens de Eerste Gas Summit Mozambique in 2013 werd er voornamelijk gesproken over de gevondengasvoorraden en de mogelijke LNG ontwikkelingen. Op deze tweede Summit werden in het kader van hetMozambique Gas Master Plan en de toewijzing van 25% van het geproduceerde gas voor de lokale markt ookandere aardgastoepassingen concreet besproken: GTL, methaan fabrieken, energiecentrales op gas en eenmogelijke gaspijpleiding van Palma naar Maputo en Zuid Afrika.

•

• Nu de FID mid volgend jaar verwacht wordt en de nieuwe regering volgend jaar wordt geïnstalleerd is het eengoed momentum om in te zetten op een interne handelsmissie naar het noorden van Mozambique (begin

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volgend jaar). Wellicht kan deze missie gekoppeld worden aan de opening (door CDP) van de regionale offshore trainingsschool in Pemba. En marge van de Summit is door ambassade Maputo en regionale energie coördinator gesproken met RVO over mogelijke G2G activiteiten in de olie en gas sector. Zodra de nieuwe regering (begin 2015) is geïnstalleerd wordt bezien waar Nederland een toegevoegde waarde heeft. Uiteraard moeten deze activiteiten het Niche/energie programma complementeren.

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Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken

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Moody’s benedenwaartse waardering

• Oorzaken van Moody’s neerwaartse waardering van B1 naar B2 zijn de Mozambikaanse middellange termijn fiscale- en schulden cijfers, vergeleken met die van andere gelijksoortige landen.

• Vooral de onzekerheid over de strategie de afbetalingen van de toenemende externe schuldenlast te dekken – waaronder de EMATUM US$ 850 miljoen obligatie - heeft de Moody’s waardering van Mozambique naar beneden gedreven.

• De negatieve druk op het schulden niveau van Mozambique werd vergroot door de bovengenoemde scherpe daling sinds eind 2014 van de wisselkoers van de Metical tegen de US dollar.

• De Mozambikaanse regering heeft wel op 11 september een eerste afbetaling van US$ 80 miljoen van de EMATUM bond gerealiseerd,

Economische groei zet door

• De verwachting is dat de economische groei in 2015 een kleine terugval zal hebben tot 6,8% vanwege de hevige overstromingen in het noorden van het land en lagere overheidsbestedingen. Verwachting is dat de groei in de periode 2016-2018 weer licht zal stijgen.

• Aandrijver van deze groei zullen, onder andere, de investeringen zijn die gemaakt zullen worden door Anadarko en Eni voor de bouw van de LNG faciliteiten in het noorden van Mozambique. Ondanks de lage gasprijzen lijken Anadarko, Eni en de Mozambikaanse regering gecommitteerd om hun plannen uit te voeren. Hierbij moet wel opgemerkt worden dat het in het huidige economische klimaat moeilijk is om financiering voor de projecten aan te trekken.

. Hierover zal apart worden gerapporteerd in een bericht over het Wereld Bank en International Gas Union (IGU) Gas Competence Seminar dat gehouden werd in Maputo van 22-23 september 2015.

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• Beperkingen zijn er niet alleen voor energie opwekking, maar ook voor andere toepassingen van gas dat lokaal beschikbaar komt in het noorden van Mozambique: bijvoorbeeld voor de kunstmest- en aluminium industrie. Het meeste van de productie zal geëxporteerd moeten worden, net als het LNG. Ook een groot volume van GTL producten zal moeten worden geëxporteerd daar de lokale en regionale markten te klein of onbereikbaar zijn.

• De trade-off tussen gas voor lokaal gebruik en LNG export is er een die Mozambique met zijn partners in de gas industrie ook moet maken.

•

•

• Er werden verschillende vragen gesteld of de Mozambikaanse autoriteiten/instituties voldoende capaciteit hebben om in complexe prijsmechanismes te onderhandelen en op korte termijn de goede besluiten zullen kunnen nemen

•

• Het lijkt er echter op dat de FID grens langzaam verder opschuift: sommige bedrijven spreken nu over oktober 2016

.

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Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken

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Berichtgegevens [RIJK]

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Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken

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1. In de middagsessie van de Masterclass sloten ook de consultants aan van en die het MTC gaan assisteren

Zij zijn net begonnen met hunwerkzaamheden en deze gelegenheid was een mooie kans om wat meer te horen over de energiesector en tenetwerken met relevante stakeholders

1. CDP LUA bracht op 9 december een kort bezoek aan Maputo om samenwerkingsmogelijkheden te besprekentussen beide posten. Dit bezoek bood ook een goede gelegenheid om te overleggen met de

over het werkplan voor 2016. Er is afgesproken dat met de betrokken CDPs er begin 2016 verderwordt gesproken over een mogelijke regionale energiebijeenkomst.

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6 juni 2016

Ministerie van Buitenlandse ZakenBerichtenverkeer

Rijks-InternAfrika, Sub-Sahara- : Zuidelijk Afrika - Economie - Update Mozambique : erop of eronder Van : MAPVerzonden op : 6 juni 2016 11:20 Land/regio : Afrika, Sub-Sahara- : Zuidelijk AfrikaThema : Economie

Samenvatting

• Op 15 juni arriveert IMF missie in Maputo met zeven deelnemers, olv (mission chief Mozambique) Missie is doorslaggevend voor een eventueel herstel van de relatie met donoren.

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Bericht

IMF

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• De Mozambikaanse overheid lijkt stappen te willen maken met de privatisering van nu nog publiekevliegvelden evenals de Mozambique airport company, te beginnen met het vliegveld van Nacala.

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• IMF heeft jaarlijkse regional outlook event dat deze maand zou plaatsvinden in Mozambique gecanceld

Berichtgegevens [RIJK]

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Kenmerk : MAP/258-2106Type : BeleidsPrioriteit : Routine Rubricering : Rijks-InternCategorie : Verslag/Info

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This message may contain information that is not intended for you. If you are not the addressee or if this message was sent to you by mistake, you are requested to inform the sender and delete the message. The State accepts no liability for damage of any kind resulting from the risks inherent in the electronic transmission of messages.

Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken

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Politieke ontwikkelingen Mozambique:

· Na inspanningen van President Nyusi om vredesdialoog te hervatten lijkt nu ook Renamo bereid te zijn omde dialoog aan te gaan. Renamo leider Alphonso Dhlakama om voorbereidende gesprekken aan te gaan.

·

· Persverklaring EU HV Mogherini verwelkomt deze stappen voor nationale verzoening en roept partijen op om gebruik militaire middelen op te geven.

Met vriendelijke groet,

.................................................................................................................................................. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken | Ministry of Foreign Affairs Directie Sub Sahara Afrika | Sub-Saharan Africa Department Afdeling Midden- en Zuidelijk Afrika (DAF/MZ) | Central and Southern Africa Division Bezuidenhoutseweg 67 | Postbus 20061 - 2500 EB Den Haag Nederland en Afrika | NL | ENG

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Resilient City of Palma by Design – Can NL support Mozambique in a multi-stakeholder regional development approach?

They are scoping environmental and social impact associated with their investment, and are exploring ways to mitigate adverse effects. In this context, the industry outlines scenarios for regional and urban development as well. All this is legitimate. After all, the private sector’s investments will only spur broad socio-economic development in the region if these are embedded in a broader regional development process.

But the industry cannot lead a regional and urban planning and development process. Only the GoM has the legitimacy to do so. It requires political leadership at the highest level. It requires that the GoM engage local communities, local private sector, civil society, knowledge institutes, and leverage their resources and capacity. Alone, the GoM cannot develop appropriate countervailing power, matching the industry’s, in order to foster positive development outcomes for the region. Multi-stakeholder partnership (public sector, research institutes, universities, private sector, civil society) is the keyword. Given the importance of adequate regional planning and development, it is expected that private sector finance can be leveraged for such process.

How well is the GoM prepared to mount and lead such multi-stakeholder partnership? It needs to be assessed what the specific challenges are for the region, how well prepared the government is (locally, regionally and nationally) to address these, and how well these match the areas of NL expertise.

What else could the NL government bring to the table? In addition to the above, the NL government could also bring to the table approaches such as “Rebuild by Design:” in New York and “Resilient Cities by Design”. NL could bring expertise to the table in the area of urban planning (International New Town Institute in Almere, specializing in urban development from scratch), coastal zone management, port operations, and agricultural development.

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EmbassyEmbassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands Ms. Frédérique de Man 1 AmbassadorEmbassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands Mr. Jan Huesken 1 Deputy Chief of Mission

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Official DelegationMinister Mr. Henk Bleker 1 Minister Leader of the Business Delegation Ms. 1 Leader of the Business DelegationMinistry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and InMr. Marten van den Berg 1 Deputy Director-General International RelaMinistry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and InMr. ff 1 SpokesmanMinistry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and InMs. 1 Clustercoordinator Policy & StrategyMinistry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and InMr. 1 Camera teamMinistry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and InMr. 1 Camera teamMinistry of Foreign Affairs Mr. 1

TOTAL

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(b)

(b) (b) (b) (b) (b)

11 11 11 1

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Activity

International venture of the 2 largest Dutch drinking water providers, providing supporting services to colleague water services

DHV is a leading international consultancy and engineering firm, providing services and innovative solutions in Transportation,consultancy services in the fields of water

civil engineering and construction company. Product range from marine works, water, to high-rise buildings and roads.

cooperation in institutional development of regional water authorities and the development of a more sustaniable water managPeople and vessels. In a nutshell, that is the driving force behind Jan De Nul Group. Thanks to the skilled employees and its uThe companies in the A.Hakpark group are specialized in engineering, construction, commissioning, management, inspectionProvision of software solutions to meet the geospatial requirements of clients operating in the marine, land and aviation sector

TASTE provides professional services towards horticultural producer organisations, importers/retailers and donors in order to s

Tradin Organic Agriculture BV is one of World’s leading trading companies of organic commodities. Tradin offeLineco is an international sales and contracting organization. We export capital equipment to countries in Africa. Furthermore L

Beer Breweries

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Positie op Human Development Index

Op de Human Development Index van de VN – deze index kijkt breder dan het bbp per hoofd (PPP), namelijk ook naar

levensverwachting/gezondheidszorg en analfabetisme/opleidingsniveau – staat Mozambique 180e. Nederland staat 5e,

de VS 8e, Botswana 106e, Zuid-Afrika 116e, Zambia 139e, Tanzania 151e, Zimbabwe 155e en Malawia 173e.

Het ondernemingsklimaat in Mozambique is volgens het World Economic Forum (WEF) slecht: het land staat op de 133e positie qua meest aantrekkelijke vestigings- en investeringsklimaat (zie figuur 2, GCI 2016-2017, Nederland staat 4e van in totaal 138 landen)4.

Ook op Doing Business 20155 – deze ranglijst van de Wereldbank kijkt naar een geringer aantal indicatoren dan die van het WEF – scoort Mozambique een magere 137e plaats (van in totaal 189 landen, zie figuur 3).

Een zwak punt van het ondernemingsklimaat is wijdverbreide corruptie. Dit is terug te zien in de 112e positie van Mozambique op de Corruption Perceptions Index 2015 van Transparency International – deze organisatie wordt vaak de internationale "corruptiewaakhond" genoemd (van in totaal 167 landen, Nederland staat 8e, zie figuur 4). Daarmee heeft Mozambique in vergelijking met landen als Botswana (71e) en Zuid-Afrika (74e) een lagere positie.

Figuur 2 – Mozambiques score op WEF-ranglijst

4 IMD (2016) heeft Mozambique niet opgenomen op haar ranglijst, de 2016 IMD World Competitiveness Scoreboard (NL staat hierop 8e). 5 Deze ranglijst meet het gemak waarmee in een land zaken kan worden gedaan. Daarbij wordt onder meer gekeken naar het starten van een bedrijf, het verkrijgen van een bouwvergunning, een elektriciteitsaansluiting en krediet, het registeren van eigendom, de mate van bescherming van investeerders, grensoverschrijdend kunnen handelen en de kosten daarvan en de mogelijkheid om contracten nageleefd te krijgen (functioneren van rechtbank (proceslengte, objectiviteit) e.d.).

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Figuur 3 – Mozambiques score op Doing Business-ranglijst

Figuur 4 – Mozambiques score op Corruption Perception Index

Buitenlandse handel Afgelopen jaar daalde de Mozambikaanse invoer en uitvoer stevig in volume (zie tabel 1). Ook dit jaar is dat volgens EIU het geval, ondanks de hoge economische groei. Voor 2017 en 2018 verwacht EIU een stijging van de export, terwijl de invoer van goederen en diensten pas in 2018 naar verwachting zal groeien.

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Tabel 3: Nederlandse goederenuitvoer naar Mozambique, bedragen x 1.000 euro (volgens SITC-indeling)

2012 2013 2014 2015 Totale Nederlandse goederenuitvoer 45.346 34.542 62.857 35.597 0 Voeding en levende dieren 2.568 4.560 2.874 2.125 1 Dranken en tabak 543 345 243 410 2 Grondstoffen 2.369 1.931 1.169 295 3 Minerale brandstoffen 17.226 2.525 24.654 1.322 4 Dierlijke en plantaardige oliën . . 2 13 5 Chemische producten 5.787 6.646 8.481 5.598 6 Fabricaten 2.982 1.877 3.399 4.520 7 Machines en vervoermaterieel 11.861 14.900 19.500 19.487 8 Diverse gefabriceerde goederen 1.756 1.418 2.290 1.602 9 Niet afzonderlijk genoemde goederen 254 339 246 225 Bron: CBS, 2016.

De Nederlandse goederenimport uit Mozambique had in 2015 volgens het CBS een waarde van 86,9 miljoen euro (zie tabel 4, ook voor de samenstelling), tegenover 18 miljoen euro in 2008. Mozambique was voor Nederland in 2015 het 95e invoerland van goederen.

Tabel 4: Nederlandse goedereninvoer uit Mozambique, bedragen x 1.000 euro (volgens SITC-indeling)

2012 2013 2014 2015 Totaal Nederlandse goedereninvoer 45.501 76.870 67.538 86.869 0 Voeding en levende dieren 3.633 . 17.039 12.185 1 Dranken en tabak 38.580 39.829 29.703 35.877 2 Grondstoffen 1.956 372 171 22 3 Minerale brandstoffen 772 33.773 19.773 34.104 4 Dierlijke en plantaardige oliën . . 0 0 5 Chemische producten 4 . 4 1 6 Fabricaten 45 35 253 2.469 7 Machines en vervoermaterieel 502 406 592 2.119 8 Diverse gefabriceerde goederen 9 38 3 91 9 Niet afzonderlijk genoemde goederen 0 . . . Bron: CBS, 2016.

Over de periode januari-augustus 2016 bedroeg de importwaarde van goederen 66 miljoen euro. Indien de invoer zich in hetzelfde tempo ontwikkelt als in de eerste helft van 2016, komt de invoerwaarde over geheel 2016 uit op 99 miljoen euro. Dat zou een stijging van 50% ten opzichte van 2015 zijn.

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3. Directe buitenlandse investeringen • De gecumuleerde Nederlandse directe buitenlandse investeringen (FDI)6 (standencijfers en FDI-cijfers

exclusief BFI’s (Bijzondere Financiële Instellingen7)) in Mozambique bedroegen eind 2015 volgens de Nederlandsche Bank (DNB) 33 miljoen euro.

• T.i: de totale waarde van Nederlandse FDI in de wereld bedroeg eind 2015 1.018 miljard euro (DNB, 2016). Het VK was in 2015 de grootste Nederlandse bestemming van FDI (met 135 miljard euro, stand ultimo 2015), gevolgd door Zwitserland (109 miljard), de VS (107 miljard euro), Luxemburg (91 miljard), België (66 miljard) en Duitsland (55 miljard).

• De gecumuleerde waarde van alle FDI in Mozambique bedroeg eind 2015 bijna 4 miljard US dollar (World Investment Report 2016, standen), tegenover 1,2 miljard US dollar ultimo 2001.

• De Mozambikaanse FDI in Nederland zijn vertrouwelijk. Dit is veelal het geval als de omvang gering is en/of het aantal bedrijven beperkt is. DNB mag dan uit privacy-overwegingen niets publiceren, omdat dit anders mogelijk tot individuele ondernemingen te herleiden is. T.i.: de totale waarde van alle FDI in Nederland bedroeg eind 2015 693 miljard euro (DNB, 2016).

• De totale Mozambikaanse FDI in de wereld bedroeg eind 2015 500 miljoen US dollar (UNCTAD, 2016).

Tabel 5: Investeringsrelatie Mozambique-Nederland Mozambikaanse investeringen in Nederland, excl. BFI's (x miljoen euro) 2012 2013 2014 2015 Standen Vertrouwelijk Vertrouwelijk Vertrouwelijk Vertrouwelijk Nederlandse investeringen in Mozambique, excl. BFI's (x miljoen euro) 2012 2013 2014 2015 Standen Vertrouwelijk Vertrouwelijk Vertrouwelijk 33

Bron: DNB, 2016.

Kader - Impact directe buitenlandse investeringen

Volgens onderzoek leveren directe buitenlandse investeringen (FDI) vaak een belangrijke bijdrage aan het versterken

van de economie en de groei van de welvaart van een land. Cijfers voor Nederland kunnen dit illustreren, te meer omdat

Nederland zowel absoluut als relatief veel directe buitenlandse investeringen heeft aangetrokken. Zo zorgen

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Bron: CBS, 2016.

Den Haag, november 2016

Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland/Concernstaf/Unit Omgevingskennis

Dit is een publicatie van:

Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland www.rvo.nl november 2016

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Tijdens de Tweede Mozambique Gas Summit, die van 2- 5 december in Maputo plaatsvond, werden de te verwachten mega projecten in de gas sector van Mozambique vrij duidelijk neergezet:

(i) 4 LNG trains bij Palma – Anadarko en ENI – US$ 20 miljard(ii) 1 of meerdere FNLG’s offshore bij Palma – US$ 15 miljard(iii) 2 GTL plants – Shell en Sasol/ENI –(iv) Gaspijpleiding van Palma naar Maputo en Zuid Afrika – US$ 6 miljard(v) Energie centrales op basis van aardgas op verschillende lokaties – US$ 2 miljard(vi) Haven ontwikkelingen in Palma en Pemba – US$ 0,5 miljard

INFRASTRUCTUUR – GAS: De minister van Energie, Salvador Namburete, gaf in 2013 aan dat zij graag een gaspijpleiding door het land wil zodat de bevolking van het gas kan profiteren. Dit zou o.m. door de bouw van elektriciteitscentrales en andere industrieën. Namburete sprak daarbij de hoop uit dat deze mogelijkheden in het Gas Master Plan opgenomen zouden worden, wat inderdaad is gebeurd. Electricidade de Mozambique heeft inmiddels een groot aantal gascentrales in de planning opgenomen en er wordt een evaluatiestudie gestart voor de transnationale gaspijpleiding van noord Mozambique naar het zuiden.

INFRASTRUCTUUR - HAVEN: Er zijn serieuze plannen voor het bouwen van complete nieuwe havens in Palma, Macuzi en Techobanine. De al bestaande havens Maputo en Beira worden uitgebreid met nieuwe terminals voor bulkoverslag. De natuurlijke diepzeehaven Nacala zal een ongekende groei gaan doormaken door uitbreidingen voor kolen-, olie- en gas transport en de bouw van een nieuw internationaal vliegveld. De haven van Pemba is aan het uitbreiden om beter te kunnen dienen als voorraad basis voor de offshore gasexploratie- en productie activiteiten.

De haven op het schiereiland Afungi wordt gebouwd. Deze haven wordt gebruikt voor de afvoer van LNG en aanvoer van infrastructuur.

Nederlandse bedrijven actief: Fugro is betrokken bij een geotechnisch onderzoek in de haven van Pemba. - ingediend voor de uitdieping van het toegangskanaal van de haven van Maputo. is betrokken bij het ontwerp en supervisie van de bouw van de

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11

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10 2 a

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Overige: In 2013 gaven verschillende grote Nederlandse bedrijven aan de mogelijkheden in Mozambique te onderkennen. Enkele bedrijven hebben hiervoor de post bezocht of contact met hen hiervoor onderhouden.

Samenvatting aanwezigheid en betrokkenheid Nederlandse gas-maritieme bedrijven in Mozambique

Bedrijven registratie in Mozambique gas-maritieme sector

Nederlandse bedrijven betrokken bij tenders gas-maritieme ontwikkelingen in het noorden van Mozambique

In 2013 en 2014 heeft een handelsmissie plaatsgevonden waar o.a. de volgende bedrijven aan deelnamen: AA Services, Agroplant Holland, Binga Energy, Devotra, Energy Delta Institute, EnergyWise, Fabricom, FMO, IRO, Kusters Engineering, NABC, Port of Rotterdam International, Rabobank Development, Slavenburg & Huyser, Smit Lamnalco, Spierings Smart Logistics, STC bv., Tideway bv., Vopak, Van Oord, BAM, Mokveld Valves, Jumbo Offshore, Maats Pipeline Equipment, VTTI, Boskalis, Mammoet, Dockwise, STC-Group Holding, IHC Merwede, Atlantico Business Development, Heerema, Shell, Fugro, Atradius, Combifloat, Stig Consult, Royal HaskoningDHV, Onstream roup, Tideway, Damen en Dredging and Contracting Rotterdam.

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QUESTIONNAIRE (CB&I)

Visit Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Netherlands Mrs. Ploumen and business delegation to

Tanzania & Mozambique 15-20 February

Questions concerning Tanzania Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. Services relating to the engineering, procurement, fabrication and construction of energy

infrastructure facilities, as well as maintenance services; including the manufacture and supply of pipes, steel tanks, vessels as well as the provision of other equipment; materials and technical support to the chemical, energy and cement industries including but not limited to the construction; oil & gas, water and wastewater and power generation sectors, and any other complementary or ancillary activities to its main corporate purpose.

2 What are your company's current activities in Tanzania or is it your first visit

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Tanzania

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

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Questions concerning Mozambique Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. services relating to the engineering, procurement, fabrication and construction of energy

infrastructure facilities, as well as maintenance services; including the manufacture and supply of pipes, steel tanks, vessels as well as the provision of other equipment; materials and technical support to the chemical, energy and cement industries including but not limited to the construction; oil & gas, water and wastewater and power generation sectors, and any other complementary or ancillary activities to its main corporate purpose.

2 What are your company's current activities in Mozambique or is it your first visit

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Mozambique

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Please return to l before February 5th10 2 e

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10 2 g

QUESTIONNAIRE DEVOTRA

Visit Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Netherlands Mrs. Ploumen and business delegation to

Tanzania & Mozambique 15-20 February

Questions concerning TANZANIA Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. Turn-key solutions for education and training projects 2 What are your company's current activities in Tanzania or is

it your first visit No activities other than with UN. First visit.

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Tanzania

No

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

n.a.

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

No

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Connect and open path to Ministry of Education and or education projects

Questions concerning MOZAMBIQUE Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. Turn-key solutions for education and training projects 2 What are your company's current activities in Mozambique

or is it your first visit Supply of equipment to Professional School of Machaze. Cooperation with local company.

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Mozambique

No

42

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

n.a.

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

No.

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Connect and open path to Ministry of Education and or education projects

Please return l before February 5th10 2 g

QUESTIONNAIRE (Fabricom)

Visit Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Netherlands Mrs. Ploumen and business delegation to

Tanzania & Mozambique 15-20 February

Questions concerning Mozambique Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. Oil,Gas&Power-Onshore&Offshore projects-Tank Maintenance & Contructions 2 What are your company's current activities in Tanzania or is

it your first visit First visit

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Tanzania

NO

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

No applicable

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

No

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Opening doors, assisting in local contacts

Questions concerning Tanzania Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. Oil,Gas&Power-Onshore&Offshore projects-Tank Maintenance & Contructions 2 What are your company's current activities in Mozambique

or is it your first visit First visit

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Mozambique

No

43

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

No applicable

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

No

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Opening doors, assisting in local contacts

Please return before February 5th 10 2 g

QUESTIONNAIRE Port of Rotterdam International

Visit Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Netherlands Mrs. Ploumen and business delegation to

Tanzania & Mozambique 15-20 February

Questions concerning Tanzania Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. PoR International aims at developing and co-managing (and investing in) existing or new

ports abroad, in partnership with local public or private parties. This to create a win-win situation: increase economic development in the country and give clients of PoR the opportunity to enter a new market. PoR International is flexible and can also consider management contracts or strategic studies.

2 What are your company's current activities in Tanzania or is it your first visit

First visit

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Tanzania

n.a.

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

Not of that kind. We start with matchmaking and hope to find an interesting port opportunity and (an) interested potential partner(s) to develop this further.

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5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Questions concerning Mozambique Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. PoR International aims at developing and co-managing (and investing in) existing or new

ports abroad, in partnership with local public or private parties. This to create a win-win situation: increase economic development in the country and give clients of PoR the opportunity to enter a new market. PoR International is flexible and can also consider management contracts or strategic studies.

2 What are your company's current activities in Mozambique or is it your first visit

First visit, but there are already contacts with Vale (a major client in Rotterdam and Sohar) about the possible cooperation in the Port of Nacala

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Mozambique

n.a.

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

Not of that kind. We start with matchmaking and hope to find an interesting port opportunity and (an) interested potential partner(s) to develop this further.

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5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Please return to before February 5th 10 2 g, 10 2 e

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QUESTIONNAIRE (Heerema Marine Contractors)

Visit Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Netherlands Mrs. Ploumen and business delegation to

Tanzania & Mozambique 15-20 February

Questions concerning Mozambique Tanzania Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. Heerema Marine Contractors (HMC) is a world leading marine contractor in the

international offshore oil and gas industry. HMC excels at transporting, installing and removing offshore facilities. These include fixed and floating structures, subsea pipelines and infrastructures in shallow waters, deep and ultra deep waters.

2 What are your company's current activities in Tanzania or is it your first visit

This is our first visit

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Tanzania.

Not applicable

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

Not applicable

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

No, this is not applicable

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Questions concerning Tanzania Mozambique Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. Heerema Marine Contractors (HMC) is a world leading marine contractor in the

international offshore oil and gas industry. HMC excels at transporting, installing and removing offshore facilities. These include fixed and floating structures, subsea pipelines and infrastructures in shallow waters, deep and ultra deep waters.

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2 What are your company's current activities in Mozambique or is it your first visit

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Mozambique

No, we have not encountered such issues

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

Not applicable

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

No, we don’t

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

At this moment, all our requirements are met through the official programme.

Please return before February 5th 10 2 e

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QUESTIONNAIRE (IRO, The Association of Dutch Suppliers in the Oil and Gas Industry)

Visit Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Netherlands Mrs. Ploumen and business delegation to

Tanzania & Mozambique 15-20 February

Questions concerning Tanzania Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. Our member companies (420) cover all activities in the supply chain for upstream Oil and

Gas operations. They belong to the top 5 worldwide and IRO facilitates them for over more than 40 years with arrangements like the Holland Pavilion at all major Oil & Gas Exhibitions, Seminars, Trade Missions etc.

2 What are your company's current activities in Tanzania or is it your first visit

It is the first time IRO is in Tanzania + Mozambique

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Tanzania

No

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

No, this is the first time we are present as Association. We hope to meet parties that are willing to develop a relationship for the future so we can help in connecting the right member companies and their skills to the local projects that need their expertise and sophisticated equipment.

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Questions concerning Mozambique Answers Like with Tanzania 1 Summary of your company's core business. 2 What are your company's current activities in Mozambique

or is it your first visit

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3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Mozambique

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Please return before February 5th 10 2 g

QUESTIONNAIRE Royal HaskoningDHV

Visit Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Netherlands Mrs. Ploumen and business delegation to

Tanzania & Mozambique 15-20 February

Questions concerning Tanzania Answers Ander onderwerp

47

Questions concerning Mozambique Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. Royal HaskoningDHV is an international Consultancy and Engineering Company, with a

wide field of capacities and expertise. Participating in this Trade Mission is our division “Maritime and Waterways”, specialising in Port Development in the widest sense and amongst the world leaders in this field.

2 What are your company's current activities in Mozambique or is it your first visit

In Mozambique, RHDHV is present with a local office, Active in the fields of environmental assessments, general civil engineering and Industry & Energy.

This is not my first visit to Mozambique. 3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment

restrictions in Mozambique No, such restrictions are not encountered.

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

N/A

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

No, we do not expect such specific results during this visit.

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Best would be to describe this as general support from the Dutch government for companies already active or wishing to become active in Tanzania

Please return before February 5th

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QUESTIONNAIRE (Slavenburg & Huyser BV)

Visit Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Netherlands

Mrs. Ploumen and business delegation to Tanzania & Mozambique

15-20 February

Questions concerning Mozambique Answers 1 Summary of your company's core

business. Ships agent / Broker / (Project) Forwarding Air & Sea / Supply chain / Warehousing

2 What are your company's current activities in Mozambique or is it your first visit

We are the Dutch agent for 1 shipping line calling with multi purpose vessel with own gear Mozambique being; United African Feeder Line

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Mozambique

No

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

No

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Not specific support but hope to meet local operating companies attracted by the ministers visit and also we are there because of the Palma project

Questions concerning Tanzania Answers Ander onderwerp

48

Please return before February 5th 10 2 e

Ander onderwerp

QUESTIONNAIRE STC-Group

Visit Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Netherlands Mrs. Ploumen and business delegation to

Tanzania & Mozambique 15-20 February

Questions concerning Mozambique Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. STC-Group is the authority on (simulator assisted) education, training, consultancy and

research for the maritime and transport (related) industries. Competency, rules and regulations, efficiency, safety and security are key issues in the services provided. STC-Group is an experienced partner, operating globally.

Products and services offered 1. Cluster: Sea transport and related industries

Sea shipping (Deck Officer, Marine Engineering Officer and all STCW’95 relatedcourses), cruise, offshore, dredging, hydrography, sea fisheries.

2. Cluster: ports and terminalsPort authorities (including VTS, pilots, tug masters), containers, dry, liquid and neo bulkhandling and storage, all related terminal equipment.

3. Cluster: transport and logisticsInland waterway transport, road transport, rail transport, air transport, pipeline transport,ship’s agent, forwarding agent, loading, discharge and warehousing, customs(organisation).

4. Cluster: process industry and energy(Petro) chemical process operation and industrial maintenance (process operators forrefineries and power plants), Offshore training.

Centres of Excellence are operational in the Netherlands, South Africa, Oman, Vietnam, the Philippines and Brazil already.

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2 What are your company's current activities in Mozambique or is it your first visit.

First visit

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Mozambique.

-

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

-

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

No.

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen.

Opening doors for the Dutch private sector and knowledge institutes active in the oil and gas (related) industries.

Questions concerning Tanzania Answers Ander onderwerp

Please return before February 5th 10 2 e

Ander onderwerp

QUESTIONNAIRE (your company name..)

Visit Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Netherlands Mrs. Ploumen and business delegation to

Tanzania & Mozambique 15-20 February

Questions concerning Tanzania Answers

Questions concerning Tanzania Answers 1 Summary of your company's core business. Van Oord is a leading international contractor specialising in dredging, marine engineering

and offshore projects (oil, gas and wind). 2 What are your company's current activities in Mozambique

or is it your first visit Dredged the port of Beira in 2010 – 2011

3 Does your company encounter trade- or investment restrictions in Mozambique

No

Ander onderwerp

50

3a With which authorities should we discuss this. If applicable please prepare an 'aide memoir', which is a short letter in which you explain the background of the subject and submit your advice.

Not applicable

4 Does your company expect any results during this visit, such as signing of contracts or 'letters of intent', opening of local offices, and alike.

The possibility to participate in the development of gas resources and maritime infrastructure.

5 What kind of support do you expect from the official delegation of Mrs. Ploumen

Please return before February 5th 10 2 e

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NETHERLANDS EMBASSY MAPUTO-MOZAMBIQUEMULTI-ANNUAL PLAN

2012-2015

Mission statement

The Netherlands Embassy in Maputo will remain focused on the alleviation of poverty bysupporting the development of the economic potential of Mozambique for inclusive

growth and sustainable development, while actively promoting Dutch (private-sector)innovation capacity and technology based on our strong commitment to Corporate Social

and Environmental Responsibility.

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2

Contents

Page

Chapter 1 Management summary 3

Chapter 2 Reflections on the MASP 2008-2011 4

Chapter 3 Country and Spearhead specific analysis

3.1 Country analysis 63.2 Analysis per Spearhead 83.2.1 Water 83.2.2 Food and Nutrition Security 93.2.3 Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights 103.2.4 Cross Cutting: Good governance 11

Chapter 4 Objectives; Results; Activities and Risks per spearhead 12

4.1 Water 134.2 Food and Nutrition Strategy 144.3 Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights 164.4 Cross Cutting: Good Governance 17

Chapter 5 Other instruments of Netherlands Foreign Policy 18

Chapter 6 Financial implications 19

The Multi-Annual Strategic Plan is a rolling document. The plan was presented by theembassy in October 2011 and approved by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in December2011. During the appraisal process, the focus of the strategy was enhanced andadditional clarifications were received from the Embassy. These were incorporated in thefinal version. In some cases plans will have to be further elaborated and consideredbefore they can be implemented as part of the strategic plan. The new policy prioritieswill be further developed and operationalized in dialogue with government, civil societyand development partners during the coming year.

3

Chapter 1

Management summary and Decision points

1.1 Summary

Mozambique finds itself at an important junction in its development process. Major opportunitiesfor large-scale economic development, based on natural resource use and extraction, are availableand are in the process of being developed. This presents enormous potential for significant stridesin poverty alleviation and development of the country. However, ensuring and securing an inclusiveeconomic development process, leading to broad based social development of Mozambique’spopulation, whereby the enormous natural resources potential is used sustainable, whilst ensuringthat rights and benefits of the population are respected, pose a strong challenge to theGovernment and its partners. Continued nation building, whereby Government primarily ensuresaccountability towards its citizens, is required if Mozambique is to benefit from its potential andtake the route to sustainable development, rather than fall into the resource trap, wherebyenvironmental resources are depleted, the poor are further marginalized and impoverished and alimited elite class will amass wealth.

The (development) cooperation program of the Netherlands Embassy in Maputo can play animportant role in assisting the country in dealing with its challenges. The program, which is built onlong term engagement and experience, is equally well placed to accommodate and further developthree of the Netherlands spearheads (water, food security, sexual and reproductive health-SRHR)out of the four which form the basis of the Netherlands Government’s policy focus.

In the spearheads; Water and SRHR, the long-term sectoral engagement and solid Dutch positionand relation with the Mozambican Government and the donor community provide the basis forfurther development and expansion. In the spearhead; Food security, the embassy can build on itsleading position focused on the allocation of land and other natural resources as the basis for foodsecurity. The Netherlands policy directives to include where possible other Netherlands knowledgeinstitutes and the private sector in the development of the three spearheads selected forMozambique’s development, present exciting opportunities to better utilize the considerable Dutchexperience, knowledge and innovative capacity.

Through its earlier engagement in the spearheads, the embassy contributed to an improved policyand legal framework, creating an enabling context for development. Now is the time to ensure thatthis potential is used to produce more kilograms per hectare, more water- and sanitationconnections and more health services, for Mozambique to achieve the Millennium DevelopmentGoals (MDGs). The embassy, while keeping its focus on poverty alleviation, will therefore changeits approach, in particular in its food security programme, to a private sector led and public sectorsupported inclusive development process. It is expected that such an approach is better equippedto ensure faster and concrete delivery of outputs leading to a positive development outcome in themedium-term future.

Inclusiveness of the development process is an essential requirement if sustainability and equityare to be ensured. This requires an attitude of Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility(CSER) of development-, private sector- and other actors, currently engaged in the developmentprocess in Mozambique. The concept of CSER is enshrined in Dutch institutions and will be theprominent asset, next to its knowledge, experience and innovative capacity, for promotion of Dutchinvolvement in the Mozambican development process.

The embassy will increase the focus of its policy dialogue and engagement in direct support of theDutch spearheads. Good Governance and Social Protection are important themes which are bothcrosscutting and will also be mainstreamed within the sectors. Where Good Governance is essentialfor transparent, inclusive and sustainable development; social protection will safeguard equity atthe lower end of the development-spectrum; the decentralisation programme will gradually bereduced and tailored more specifically to the three spearheads.

The expansion of the Dutch cooperation with the inclusion of other (semi)private actors ispresenting great potential. The embassy will focus more heavily on proactively identifyingopportunities for involvement of Dutch businesses, (semi)public and private institutions, which aresupporting the Mozambican growth agenda.

4

Chapter 2

Reflection on the Multi-Annual Strategic Plan 2008-2011.

Strategic choices. The overall strategic choice for the 2008-2011 Multi-Annual Strategic Plan(MASP) was to contribute to poverty reduction in Mozambique in an aligned and effective way.

The Paris Agenda and the Accra Declaration as well as the EU Code of Conduct have been guidingthe embassy’s harmonisation and alignment efforts. The embassy chose to become the focalpartner in the health sector (in 2010 and 2011), played an active role in decentralisation and was acollaborative partner in the water sector (and will become the focal partner in 2012). Activities inthe (primary) education sector were phased out. However, the Netherlands Initiative for CapacityDevelopment in Higher Education institutions (NICHE) programme was scaled up to contribute tothe (vocational) training needs in the remaining sectors and themes. In the framework of GeneralBudget Support/ public finance management support was given to the supreme audit office in orderto strengthen oversight and control over public income and expenditure.

The embassy focused on two themes; growth & equity and domestic accountability. During the firstyear of the MASP, a strategy was developed for the growth & equity theme. One of the aims was todevelop a coherent approach for supporting the (agricultural) private sector in the subsequentMASP. To this end the growth & equity strategy focused on access to land, access to markets andaccess to finance. In terms of domestic accountability the aim was to embed this approach in thesectors and themes while at the same time giving it a special provincial (Nampula) focus. Withregard to the latter, an agreement was signed with the provincial authorities to improve the supplyside of domestic accountability while at the same time a number of provincial NGOs (Akilizetho,Facilidade, Olipa, and Oram Nampula) was supported to strengthen the demand side foraccountability. Although not a separate theme, attention was also paid to social protection.

Another strategic choice for the embassy was to look actively for complementarities andpartnership agreements with other development partners, both governmental and non-governmental. To this end a complementarity agreement was signed with SNV. In addition, thecollaboration with Oxfam/Novib was intensified in the areas of gender based violence and growth &equity. In the water sector, with Vitens-Evides (VEI), the collaboration resulted in a closerelationship between VEI and FIPAG (Mozambican urban water organisation). This has resulted inDutch core funding to FIPAG, also for the new MASP period.

Positive Results. Despite the global financial and economic crisis, Mozambique has been able tomaintain high economic growth rates (though gradually decreasing from 8.4% in 2005 to 6.5% in2010) based on good macro-economic policies. Public Finance Management systems continued toimprove, while the tax collection targets (an annual increase of one half per cent point of GrossDomestic Product) were always met. Mozambique continues to attract Foreign Direct Investmentfor the so called mega-projects, especially in the extractive sector. This explains to a large extentwhy economic growth has not been inclusive. It is obvious to both the Government anddevelopment partners that a different growth strategy is required.

In the health sector good results were obtained in improved access to and quality of health services(steady decline of number of people per medical staff, increased number of patients under ARVtreatment, increased distribution of condoms, increased percentage of mothers that deliver atclinics, increased number of households that use family planning methods) leading to decliningmaternal mortality ratios and stabilizing percentage of the population that is affected by HIV/AIDS.With regard to SRHR the following achievements can be mentioned. Child mortality continues itssteady decline. Surveys show that chronic malnutrition (stunting) of children younger than fiveyears remains unchanged at 44% over the past ten years. In turn teenage pregnancies contributeto malnutrition. Unfortunately teenage pregnancies are on the increase in Mozambique: 68% ofwomen aged between 20 and 24 years have given birth before their 20th birthday. HIV and AIDScontribute strongly to the disease burden with 11, 1% of young (15-24) women being HIV positive(2009). Access to and use of health services has increased over the past four years. It remains amajor challenge to increase the use of modern family planning and promote safe sex, especially foradolescents.

In the water sector, the number of people with access to drinking water in the urban sectorincreased from 2.3 mln in 2007 to 3.2 mln in 2010 (from less than 50% to 64%). In the rural areasthe percentage of people with access to safe water increased from 49% in 2007 to 61% in 2010.

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Progress to improved rural sanitation stagnated initially at 39-40% of the rural population in 2007-2009, but, with the introduction of a new approach - Community Led Total Sanitation – in 2010the percentage increased to 44% and is expected to increase rapidly further in the coming years.Access to urban sanitation has received insufficient attention from both the Government ofMozambique and donors, but this will become an important area in the MASP 2012-2015. Donorcoordination in the sector improved considerably. In the rural sector a joint implementationstrategy (PRONASAR) is being implemented which includes a common fund, while also integratingthe larger (Dutch funded) water and sanitation projects, including the UNICEF project (‘IniciativaUm Millão). Several Dutch water boards (Waterskyp Fryslan, Dommel, Groot Salland) haveestablished partnerships with their Mozambican counterparts, like Administração Regional de Águas(ARA-regional organization for integrated water management) Sul and ARA Zambezi. Capacitybuilding to ARAS to respond to their growing responsibilities will be part of the water strategyunder the new MASP. The regional water programme addressed human resource capacityrequirements in Integrated Water Resource Management as well as trans-boundary river basinmanagement. Increasing ambitions in the different water sub-sectors will present excellentopportunities for linking up the bilateral programme and ‘Water Mondiaal’, the internationalparagraph of the Netherlands Water Partnership.

Dutch funding to social protection proved to be timely and successful. In particular the cashtransfers to elderly and chronically ill people (who also often take care of HIV/AIDS orphans), aswell as the support to the child registration programme. The number of beneficiaries of the cashtransfer scheme increased from 113,000 in 2007 to 218,000 in 2010. The percentage of childrenregistered an important requisite to enter the formal sector and to have access to education,increased from 8% in 2004 to 41% in 2007. The Government of Mozambique (GoM) recentlyaccepted new policies in the area of social protection in which the cash transfers will play adominant role. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is advocating a larger fiscal space fortargeted social protection measures to replace untargeted price subsidies, such as for fuel.

With regard to the growth & equity theme, the embassy has been successful in putting access toland for smallholders high on the political agenda. GoM is aware of the land access issue related tolarge scale foreign investment in the agricultural sector and in its latest agricultural strategyadopted a more careful approach. The use of Dutch private sector investment promotioninstruments such as Private Sector Investment programme (PSI) (five projects in implementation)and the Facility for Infrastructure Development (ORIO) (three projects in preparation) has beensuccessful. Through a pilot project, with the assistance of the Centre for the Promotion of Importsfrom developing countries (CBI) and SNV, seven traditional products are being prepared for theinternational markets, of which the export of pineapples to Denmark has already started.

Attention to domestic accountability was a new, though important, strategic choice, for which along term perspective is required. Nevertheless, some notable successes can already be identified.Firstly, Nampula Province became a frontrunner in local governance and domestic accountability.Secondly, a national program for decentralised planning and finance was agreed upon andlaunched. This program has the potential to play a crucial role in capacitating local governance andstimulating participation of citizens in decision-making processes.

Less positive results.Based on Government’s Household Income Survey of 2010, it can be concluded that povertyreduction has been insufficient in two aspects; the number of people below the national povertyline stagnated at 54% between 2003-2009 (while an impressive reduction – from 69% to 54% -was recorded in the period 1998-2003), and also child malnutrition continued to be very high. Ofthe children under five years of age, 46% suffer from chronic malnutrition.

In the ensuing discussion on the poverty data it was agreed both by GoM and developmentpartners that a direct link can be found in the low and stagnating agricultural productivity levels(the agricultural sector is still predominantly subsistence based). Shortly before the survey waspublished, riots took place in a number of cities because of rapidly increasing prices of essentialgoods such as bread, water, electricity and fuel. GoM has now approved a third Poverty ReductionAction Plan (PARP) in which the main strategic emphasis is on agricultural smallholders and on jobcreation. The plan could use more focus and needs to be worked out further also on the basis ofthe agricultural strategy for the period 2010-2019 (PEDSA).

The suboptimal results in poverty reduction, the uncertainties about the new PARP as well ascontinuing challenges in the fields of governance and the fight against corruption have led to thedecision not to continue with General Budget Support (GBS) as an aid modality in the bilateral

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programme. In order to phase out gradually, the Netherlands will still provide GBS of 9 million Euroin 2012 (50% of its usual commitment) and will pull out completely in 2013. On the 10th of August2011, the Embassy informed the Mozambican government of its decision to gradually withdrawfrom GBS and later that month the other GBS donors were also informed. Given the fact that theNetherlands is the only donor to discontinue GBS at this moment and the fact that the Governmentof Mozambique’s own revenues are gradually increasing, it is expected that the government will beable to substitute for the Dutch funding.

Anti-corruption strategies e.g. in the water sector and at provincial level (as part of domesticaccountability) have not yielded the expected results. In the health sector funding provided byvertical funds (aiming at one or more diseases only) despite many efforts made still does notproperly match with horizontal funding (aimed at the sector at large) through the common fund(PROSAUDE), leading to continued harmonisation and alignment challenges.

Lessons learned.The embassy is well prepared to take up three new policy spearheads in this new MASP. In thewater sector, the Netherlands is recognized as a large and reliable partner with many connectionsto Dutch water institutions. In the health sector attention to SRHR is already part and parcel of thejoint approach by both GoM and the donors. The attention given to social protection proved to beextremely relevant in the current socio-economic context. The implementation of the growth &equity strategy turned out to be to an excellent front runner of the Food and Nutrition Securityspearhead. The Netherlands’ has been an active supporter of good governance and gender rights inthe past years. The knowledge and network that has been built up can be used by the embassy toeffectively address the cross-cutting issues that are essential to enable results in the spearheads.

Chapter 3 Country and Spearhead specific analysis

3.1 Country analysis

Almost two decades have gone by since the signing of the Rome Peace Accords, and Mozambiquehas shown resilience to sustain the peace process and introduce political and economic reforms.And it has reaped the benefits of these efforts: rates of economic growth have been high, andthere are fewer people living in poverty. However, there are still considerable challenges facing thecountry: the political landscape is increasingly dominated by one party, Frelimo, whereas mega-projects drive economic growth but only to the benefit of a small elite.

Mozambique has seen an impressive economic recovery since the 1990s. Between 1996 and 2008,the country’s average annual rate of economic growth was 8%, the highest growth rate amongAfrican oil-importers. Together with prudent monetary and fiscal policies, as well as relatively lowinflation rates, Mozambique achieved a high degree of economic stability, making the countryattractive to foreign direct investment: in 2006, Mozambique received USD 153 million in ForeignDirect Investment (FDI), and this number rose to USD 881 million in 2009. Sustained economicgrowth enabled the country to lift millions of people out of poverty: in 1996/97, 69% ofMozambicans lived below the national poverty line, and, by 2002/2003, this number had reducedto 54%.

However, there are several caveats to Mozambique’s economic achievements. The country’s highrates of economic growth seem to be slowing down in recent years (from 8.4% in 2005 to 6.5% in2010). More worrisome, according to the latest Household Budget Survey, carried out in the period2008/2009, national poverty levels have not reduced since 2002/2003: 54% of Mozambicans stilllived in absolute poverty, and regional disparities remained acute. Therefore, Mozambique’seconomic growth can no longer be described as pro-poor. The government of Mozambique andpartners agree that an important policy shift is needed to broaden growth and to allow largersegments of the population to benefit from it (inclusive growth). In particular, agriculturalproductivity of smallholders is at a very low level. There is an urgent need to stimulate agriculturalproductivity and rural development in general, Agricultural production and productivity are majorbottlenecks to the country’s economic development. At least 70% of Mozambican families live inrural areas, and most of these are involved in agriculture. However, Mozambicans do not cultivateenough to feed themselves: if all food produced annually was divided equally to all Mozambicanfamilies, it would not suffice to provide them with the necessary calories.

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Mozambique’s democratic opening has been conducive to the creation of new political parties, but ithas been very difficult for these parties to be successful in their bid for power. Opposition partieshave not been able to challenge the ruling party. In the 2009 general elections, Frelimo won 191seats in Parliament (76% of the seats), and the party elected 42 of the country’s 43 mayors in the2008 municipal elections.

Mozambique has dealt adequately with most of the problems directly related to the armed conflict,but there are still threats to the country’s peace and security. Mozambique has, on the one hand,long land and coastal borders, and, on the other, an institutionally under-resourced civil service(including police and customs). As a result, government faces difficulties to adequately protect thecountry’s territorial integrity, which means that Mozambique is vulnerable to illicit trade, smugglingand trafficking in goods, drugs and persons. Mozambique’s dependence on food and fuel imports isanother problem that has implications for peace and security. The country’s economy is vulnerableto changes in international and regional markets, and increases in international prices have led torising costs of living and, as a consequence, to social unrest.

Given the political and institutional conditions in the country, developments in governance havebeen mixed. Amongst the areas in which there has been some progress in recent years, one canmention the decentralization process, public finance management, especially at the central level,the functioning of the Administrative Court, and tax administration. Less positive trends can beseen in the justice sector and the fight against corruption. Gender equality has long been agovernment priority but there is still much progress to be made on this front.

Notwithstanding the achievements with regards to public finance management and oversight,corruption is still a major problem in the country. The judiciary faces several constraints in itscapacity to prosecute and rule on major cases of corruption and mismanagement. The anti-corruption legislation could be improved, and government is grappling with the question how totranslate anti-corruption strategies into real actions.

Outside of the state, civil society organizations have difficulties holding the governmentaccountable. Most civil society organizations are poorly resourced, lacking skilled personnel andfunds for their activities. In recent years, a noteworthy development has been the fact that a smallgroup of organizations have strengthened their capacities and become more vocal in theircriticisms, improving their mechanisms to monitor government activities and advocate for policyand legal changes.

Mozambique is highly dependent on aid flows. For 2011, 44% of the State Budget should comefrom external sources, and there are dozens of sectoral programmes and common funds, as well ashundreds of projects in implementation in the country. Tax revenues, however, have increasedrecently: in 1996, tax revenues represented 9.9% of GNP, and, in 2011, they represented around16%. Gradually, Mozambique is catching up with other low-income SADC countries, such as Malawi(18% of GDP) and Zambia (18% of GDP), and government still has a huge potential to improve itsrevenue collection at both central and municipal level.

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3.2 Analysis per Spearhead

3.2.1 Water

Context analysisMozambique has considerable water resources, but due to climatic variability and the increasingdemands for water to support social and economic development, availability is limited andintegrated and transparent planning is crucial. Current levels of access to drinking water andsanitation are below Sub-Saharan average and Mozambique will probably not achieve the MDGtargets that are integrated in national policies. Because more than half of the surface wateroriginates from neighbouring countries, capacity is required to effectively participate ininternational negotiation mechanisms.

Responsibility for water management is allocated to several Ministries. However, mandates andresponsibilities are not clearly allocated and all ministries suffer from institutional weaknesses, lackof capacity and financial resources at national and local levels. Reliable data is scarce and researchcapacity is limited. This results in ineffective planning and implementation of what in essence aregood water policies and strategies, partly developed with Dutch funding. Cost recovery in the waterand sanitation sector is low, with urban water in bigger cities being a positive exception, also basedon Dutch support. The private sector related to water management and operation is weak andfunding for the sector is largely provided by external partners. Donor harmonisation and alignmentis relatively low, as donors rather follow their own policies.

Currently, the sector is socially and economically underperforming, leaving the less vocal and poorwater users vulnerable and unable to claim their rights. Furthermore, economic opportunities aremissed. Participatory and integrated governance mechanisms are rare and public investments areseen as a free gift, which does not stimulate ownership and accountability. Concrete activitieswhich will achieve social results in access to water and sanitation, achieve economic results inwater supply for economic development and prevent ecological problems in satisfying ecosystemrequirements need to be planned in an integrated and sustainable manner. The assistance of theprivate sector is required, within an enabling policy framework. It is imperative that the localpopulation is adequately represented in the planning and allocation of water and that mechanismsto fight corruption are further developed.

OpportunitiesThe GoM reconfirmed its aim to reach the water-related MDGs by 2015 and has undertaken severalactivities to achieve this. A well formulated policy framework for most of the different water sub-sectors has been prepared; a ministerial decision to streamline the institutional setting for waterresources has been taken; awareness by the different sectors concerning the need for better watergovernance is growing and government is more open for privatisation and shows a growing interestfor (peri-) urban sanitation.

The Dutch experience- and innovative capacity- on trans-boundary water management,transparent and integrated planning and allocation of water, data collection, capacity building andinstitutional and infrastructural design and implementation is appreciated by government. Ourprogrammes are showing results, especially in urban water and rural water and sanitation as wellas for trans-boundary river basin management (WaterNet Programme). Initiated and funded by theNetherlands, an anti-corruption strategy in the water sector will be developed. The Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) between the Fund and Water Supply Asset Holder (FIPAG), Vitens EvidesInternational (VEI) and the Government of the Netherlands is an example of national water policydevelopment and implementation through the private sector. Cooperation between MozambicanRegional Water Boards (ARA’s) and Dutch Water boards is starting to develop. An initial marketscan, conducted by Water Mondiaal, resulted in the identification of four promising areas for longterm cooperation between the Mozambican and the Dutch water sector: Access to Water andSanitation; Water for Agriculture; Delta Technology and Integrated Water Resources Management.Social marketing and social protection in sanitation and water supply, an area where theNetherlands can make a difference with its innovative capacity, can provide technical innovationsfor accessible local level solutions. Geographically, linking the focal area of the spearhead of Foodand Nutrition Security and Dutch involvement in water management provides ample opportunityfor an integrated development model.

The Netherlands will chair the water donor group as of 2012. In the context of Water Mondiaal, ourlong term cooperation in the water sector can further be strengthened. Dutch private sector and

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semi-private operators can bring additional skills for fast delivery of results to the sector, providingintegrated solutions for management of this global public good. This places the embassy in anexcellent position to obtain development results, while striving for involvement of the Netherlandsprivate sector and knowledge institutes.

3.2.2 Food and Nutrition Security

Context AnalysisOver the years, the embassy has played an important role in developing a more conducive policyand legal framework for agricultural development. However, several constraints limit production.Smallholder farmers have no secure land access, which affects long-term investments. An initiallystrong political commitment to pro-poor land reform, expressed in the innovative land law,securing land rights for rural communities and promoting private investment is being challenged bya tendency to make quick gains, neglecting community land rights.

Significant technical constraints (access to improved seeds, extension services, fertilizers, etc)hinder production and market chain development. Lack of enabling infrastructure (roads andelectricity) further contributes to the stagnation of agricultural productivity at levels between 30%and 60% of available potential (Gender Policies and Feminisation of Poverty in Mozambique, CMI2008). The involvement of the political elite in food imports, an example of state-party-businessnexus (Chatham House report, 2010) is not conducive to private initiative. Risk-adverse financialproviders are hindering access to capital and financial services (only 4% of the rural population hasaccess to capital) further limit the development of viable and sustainable commercial agriculture, inwhich government and the (smallholder) private sector jointly operate. In general, Governmentpromotes large plantation investments which contribute to the development of the macro-economy, create some job opportunities but are not focused at social development, which requiresthe development of the small- and medium agricultural enterprise sector.

The incidence of severe chronic malnutrition in Mozambique is 23%. Northern and central ruralareas and regions show higher incidence of malnutrition than urban areas and the southern region.Malnutrition is caused by many factors, related to health, water & sanitation and agriculture. Inorder to reduce malnutrition and poverty, agricultural development has a major role to play withinan integrated context. However, despite the emergence of integrated policies, capacity forimplementing crosscutting interventions that effectively reduce malnutrition and alleviate poverty isweakly developed. Furthermore, agricultural production and food security are severely affected byclimatic changes. Between 1981 and 2004, GDP growth was on average 1.1% lower per year, as adirect result of climatic variability. This indicates the need for an integrated approach to thesustainable management of the natural resources (global public goods) in order to satisfy thevarious sectoral demands.

OpportunitiesNew drive in Policy development for inclusive agricultural development: Mozambique has a landlaw that provides both protection of community-based rural farming and larger agro-industrydevelopment. The creation of a National Consultative Land Forum in 2010 presents an opportunityto refocus on secure land rights for women- and other smallholder farmers and their incorporationin investment plans. Government starts to promote private sector lead development in agricultureand takes part in newly established public private partnerships. This presents opportunities formajor investments and smallholder participation for inclusive growth in a private sector lead, publicsector supported agricultural development process. Such a system is likely to be more successful inachieving efficient and effective production and development outcomes

Access to inputs: Efforts such as strengthening of public sector quality control on inputs (fertilizers,seeds etc), and the strengthening of farmers’ organizations and networks are undertaken tosupport the above mentioned policy, of which social protection through the use ofsubsidies/voucher schemes for input supply is an important component. Dutch involvement inthese areas is already firmly established and can be expanded. Access to sufficient quantity andquality of water is essential, this challenge will be addressed by the Regional Water Boards,supported by the Dutch engagement in the spearhead Water.

Access to business development services and capital: Agribusiness support services are largelydominated by donor programmes, which are not always well designed or harmonised in theirimplementation. Entrepreneurship development and capacity building, networking and access tomarket information (market literacy) are to be included in service support programmes. The

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opportunities lie in the integration of competencies of all actors involved (Donors, NGOs, Privateand Public sector) through practical work, research on market chain development and throughprofessional and vocational training. Enhanced access to capital by local actors (farmers,processors and traders) in the agricultural and rural sector is essential. Promising examples ofinvestment funds in Mozambique are the Beira Agricultural Growth Corridor Catalytic Fund and theAfrica Enterprise Challenge Fund. Dutch involvement in (financial) service provision is strongthrough Banco Terra (private initiative) and the embassy’s participation in the Beira AgriculturalGrowth Corridor, providing ample opportunity for further expansion.

Access to nutritious food: The government is taking measures to provide social protection to the40% of people living in poverty to facilitate access to nutritious food. An impact evaluation of thesocial protection programme shows that the nutritional status of poor households, especiallychildren, has improved. The government recently adopted a new set of policies for socialprotection, aimed at inclusion of the poor segment of the population in the development process.The food riots of September 2010 provided a strong incentive for this development. Partnershipsexploring an integrated approach to a market chain including quantity and quality of food provideinteresting opportunities.

The embassy has a long-standing involvement in agricultural development. Dutch innovativecapacity for integrated natural resource management, sustainable agricultural production systemsis appreciated by government and the public. The potential synergy with the other spearheadspresent challenging opportunities for Netherlands private sector involvement.

3.2.3 Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights

Context analysisAlthough improvements are made and family planning efforts are starting to show results,Mozambican health indicators are among the most alarming in Africa. According to the PopulationCensus 2007, the annual population growth rate is estimated at 2.4%, projecting to reach apopulation of 24.5 million by 2015. The legal and policy system is slowly being improved insupport of a properly functioning health system, the application thereof remains a challengehowever. In August 2011 the Cabinet of Ministers approved a renewal of the Penal Code, amongstothers legalizing abortion. Minority groups such as lesbian, gay, transsexual and bisexual personsare legally accepted but in practice find it difficult to exercise their rights. Sex workers are officiallyillegal, but in practice they are condoned but often misused and exploited by officials such as policemen and health workers. Health issues are strongly influenced by culturally based perceptions.

HIV and AIDS pose a serious challenge to people’s health. HIV prevalence in Mozambique is 11.5%among adults between 15 to 49 years of age. Prevalence is higher among urban populations(15.9%) than the rural (9.2%) ones. Mozambican women are disproportionately affected, and thewealthier and educated population is more likely to be sero-positive than the poor and lesseducated (INSIDA 2009). Together, malaria, and AIDS account for more than half of the deaths,(2007 Population Census). All these health related problems pose an almost insurmountablechallenge to the Ministry, which is leading an under resourced and capacitated health system.

It is realized that health issues are merely symptoms mainly caused by problems in other sectors(access to sanitation; access to clean water and nutritious food; lack of income). An integratedapproach in provision of health services starts therefore in other sectors.

The health sector is supported by many donors, who are not all aligned. This poses problems ofcoordination and parallel funding systems outside the control of the ministry. The embassycurrently is the chair of the focal partner group in health and is well placed to bring donor effortsmore in line with government’s requirements.

Opportunities

The Minister of Health is ambitious and committed, but it is faced with the reality of lowinstitutional capacity of the ministry in a resource poor environment. Better coordinated and wellplaced TA provided by donors can effectively target the capacity constraints, while leaving theministry in charge. The embassy as focal partner can play an important role in this respect.

Population Services International (PSI) has a successful track record in Social Marketing, aneffective strategy to increase the demand for products required for healthy behaviour. Theseproducts are distributed for free, but also put in the market for the private for profit sector. The

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partnership between the embassy and PSI can be further developed and expanded. The poor andvulnerable population need access to social services related to health, water and food. The NationalInstitute for Social Action (INAS) is tasked to provide a social safety net for vulnerablecommunities. INAS currently explores further opportunities to help poor pregnant women withdelivery at a recognised maternity clinic. INAS, which is also funded by the embassy and theministry, work closely together. Their programmes can be further supported and more widelyimplemented. Increased assertiveness of civil society complements the work of the donor HealthPartners. Netherlands supported NGOs work to improve the health services, minority rights, andassessing government policy, expressing a demand for better accountability. The embassy in itscoordinating role will stimulate the NGO community operating in the health sector, to furtherstrengthen cooperation aiming for higher accountability and demand for services. This willstimulate the ministry to improve its performance.

Close cooperation with the spearheads Water and Food and Nutrition Security is essential if healthproblems are to be tackled in earnest. Synergies between the spearheads can be further exploredas these can result in added outcome in all spearheads. The feasibility to focus support in a holisticmanner, and possibly in one or two bigger provincial cities will be explored. INAS and PSI canprovide security and transparency in service delivery across sectors for vulnerable sections of thepopulation.

The embassy participates in the Regional Advisory Group (RAG) to The Regional Programme (RP)for SRHR & HIV and AIDS, which is managed from the embassy in Pretoria. This provides regionaladded value to better address migration and mobile populations, providing opportunities for dealingwith trans-boundary health problems that are not easily addressed through country programmes.

The embassy and the Ministry have a longstanding, open and mutually appreciated relationship,which is built on trust. In March 2010 the Netherlands was elected Focal Partner, and it isrepresenting the 25+ Health Partners Group (HPG). Donor coordination is well established andcontributes to reduced transaction costs for the Ministry of Health. However, more is required giventhe daunting tasks. The embassy is well placed to continue its broker role. Dutch knowledgeinstitutes, through their innovative approach in the health sector can provide much neededcapacity and support, while the Dutch private sector has much to offer in attractive products forthe Mozambican market. The embassy will identify opportunities for Dutch engagement in thehealth sector in Mozambique.

3.2.4 Cross Cutting: Good governance

Context analysisFundamental governance challenges limit inclusive and sustainable development in Mozambique.The challenges, as elaborated in the country analysis (3.1), pertain to political, fiduciary andcorruption problems. These hinder the establishment of a favourable context, required fordevelopment programmes to achieve maximum results in poverty alleviation and sustainablegrowth and development.

A major political challenge is the interconnection between party and government. The two areintertwined and draw strength from one another. Also, as the Mozambican government for now isstill partially dependant on external finance to provide necessary services, there is always the riskof some of the government’s accountability being diverted from the Mozambican population to thedonor community. These two characteristics could hinder democratic development where ‘voiceand accountability’ is enshrined in the development process. The potential danger is thedevelopment of elite which holds the political and economic power without a strong motivation forsocial development of the country and the building of Mozambique as a nation.

Fiduciary risks are expressed through a weak public finance management system, whereby thestate is not capturing all of its potential macro-economic benefits and income. Sub-optimal incomefor the state combined with weak financial management systems and capacity results in insufficientcapital at central and sub-national levels, hindering inputs and developments required for povertyalleviation. Added to this is a poorly paid civil service, which is forced to find alternative incomeand is easily prone to corruption.

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Opportunities

A two-pronged approach to good governance will be taken, which will combine specific activities inthe sectors and broader governance activities that cut across the sectors and are necessary tofacilitate results and impact in the embassy’s spearheads. In accordance with the priorities set bythe Netherlands government, the good governance and decentralisation programme of theembassy will gradually be reduced and further focussed to obtain results within the threespearhead programmes.

Mainstreamed good governance interventions: Within the spearhead water, special attention will begiven to the consolidation and further strengthening of the institutes for water management and tothe implementation of integrated water resource management policies and strategies, including thedevelopment and implementation of an anti-corruption strategy. Within the spearhead of food andnutrition security, the embassy will focus on improvement of the land management system.Farmers’ associations and cooperatives will be supported and local communities will be furthercapacitated to negotiate with government and investors. Within the sexual and reproductive healthspearhead, attention will be given to the transparency and allocation of state budget for health andto increased access to health care across the country. Social protection, ensuring equity, will bepursued in all sectors.

Cross-cutting good governance interventions: At the cross-cutting level focus will be on two mainissues (public finance management and civil society). Public finance management for better publicspending and to avoid corruption, with a focus on the three spearheads. The good results achievedin this field so far and the combined commitment of both government and donors createsopportunities for further successful development. The embassy will explore possibilities to broadenits PFM scope to support the national tax system in order to decrease donor dependency and tofurther equitable growth. Advocacy civil society organisations are crucial to complement thedominance of the ruling party- and business elite, monitor the activities of government andbusinesses, inform the public debate, voice concerns of people and push for critical governancereforms. Recent tangible successes achieved by civil society seem to indicate that civil society inMozambique may be starting to overcome the hurdles that prevent it from playing a more activerole. Based on its earlier programmes and the impact thereof, the embassy is well placed tocontinue its efforts.

Support to decentralisation will continue in a limited manner, the activities in and funds availablefor decentralisation will be reduced. This will be implemented in a responsible manner. Otherdonors will be sought to take over the role the Netherlands has played in this regard. During thetransition period, the Netherlands will continue to support decentralisation as it is necessary toguarantee that public services reach as many Mozambicans as possible. Supportingdecentralisation helps to translate local needs effectively into national policies and planninginstruments.

Chapter 4

Objectives; Results; Activities and Risks per spearhead.Water, SRHR and food security are the spearheads in which the embassy will continue itsengagement in Mozambique in the coming MASP period. The main focus remains the contributionto poverty alleviation and inclusive, sustainable growth. New in the MASP is the increased focus onthe private sector as the engine of growth and the active promotion of Dutch capacity and privatesector involvement. Good governance and social protection continue to be necessary to addressbottlenecks in governance which hinder constraints in the spearheads related to inclusiveness andtransparency Developments in Mozambique, experience gained from our cooperation programmeand the new Dutch policy directives, require a reformat and refocus of the portfolio and reflectionon modalities of cooperation. Programme evaluations will primarily focus on delivery of foreseenresults. The number of projects foreseen in 2012 is comparable to the number in 2011. Graduallythe portfolio will be streamlined, ultimately resulting in a smaller number of projects andprogrammes. Detailed discussions were held and are continuing with the MFS partners forharmonization and prevention of double funding of activities, some of which generated from the‘Schokland Accords’. Dutch engagement in Mozambique includes the implementation of centrallyfunded environmental programmes. Synergy with the spearheads will be stimulated and developedwhere possible.

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4.1 Water

Result chainThe increasing demand for water requires institutional and human resource capacity for integrated,sustainable (socially, economically and environmentally) water resources management, includingregional negotiations. Mozambique and the Netherlands share the long term objective of“sustainable use of water resources for economic and pro-poor development”, and the partnershipis mutually appreciated. Competitive advantages of the Netherlands relate to our innovativeknowledge and capacity, our long term commitment and our integrated and inclusive approach.Involvement of other Dutch partners in the water programme will contribute to our ambitions. Theembassy is directly responsible for its own bilateral programme, but also assumes a coordinatingrole as a facilitator and mediator for other Netherlands partners, with the aim to properly integrateactivities in the Mozambican context. The programme will continue to support Mozambique inreaching the MDG’s (with increased attention for sanitation), will broaden its scope to watergovernance/water management and continue support to regional cooperation in Southern Africa.Private and public water sector partners in both countries will play their roles in its implementation.In its engagement in the spearhead, attention for gender is essential.

Institutional development and reform; the Government of Mozambique has embarked on a processof institutional reforms. Institutional consolidation and strengthening of FIPAG and the NationalWater Directorate (DNA) will result in a clearer allocation of responsibilities and mandates. StrongDutch involvement is expected in this reform process. A recently signed (PPP) contract will increasethe engagement of private sector operators in provision of water to the population. In 2012 theembassy will expand its focus to the organizations responsible for integrated water resourcemanagement in the regions (ARA’s) and those responsible for urban water supply and sanitation(AIA’s). Options will be explored to select a municipality to develop and implement an integrateddevelopment model.

Water and sanitation; the embassy participates in a pooled fund (PRONASAR) for rural water andsanitation, also on behalf of the British Department for International Development (DFID). Theembassy will capitalise on developed models of other Dutch funded activities as UNICEF (ruralwater and sanitation) and ‘Fryslan’ (urban sanitation) and expects to intensify its efforts insanitation in the course of 2012. Joining forces with AIA’ S and the institute for data collection,price setting and accountability (CRA)

Integrated (trans-boundary) Water Resource Management; through our support to ARA’s (waterboards) integrated planning, implementation and monitoring of (trans-boundary) water use will bedeveloped. ‘WaterNet’ (created with Dutch support) has developed into a truly African institute witha broader funding base. Through ‘WaterNet’ a variety of links and contacts are emerging,contributing to trans-boundary cooperation in water resources management. WaterNet will befurther supported to become the regional centre for capacity development in Integrated WaterResource Management (IWRM).The necessary links between land use and water use rights are not always existent. In 2012 theembassy will stimulate the development of an integrated framework to address these issues,building synergy with the other spearheads. Economic developments require Mozambican capacityto enforce ownership, but also offer opportunities for Dutch (water) businesses engagement. Dutchcapacity exists in bringing stakeholders together, knowledge based interventions, multi-sectoral(integral) approaches, longer term commitment, availability of various financial instruments,Public-Private Partnerships.Our activities related to institutional development and implementation of IWRM will be integratedwith good governance, gender and environmental aspects. In this respect an anti-corruptionstrategy in the water sector will be further developed and CRA will be supported. Netherlandsenvironmental expertise (the Netherlands Commission for Environmental Assessment and others)will continue to play an important role.

Inclusion of other Dutch actors; Water Mondiaal represents the international paragraph of theNetherlands Water Partnership. Four areas have been jointly identified for further cooperation:river basin management, delta technology, water supply and sanitation and water for agriculturalproduction. In these areas synergies between Water Mondiaal and the bilateral/regionalprogramme will be defined, where activities in the context of Water Mondiaal will add value to thebilateral program. The embassy will act as a coordinator and facilitator in the process. Thiscombined approach will raise the profile of the Dutch water sector, which will amongst others be ofbenefit in tendering for investment activities.

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Risks and mitigation

Commitment to institutional reforms and development requires funding at national anddecentralised levels. This requires PFM capacity. This capacity needs improvement requiringfurther investments. In the Dutch programme, we will explicitly address PFM andcorruption matters.

Further institutional capacity strengthening within DNA, the National Water Directorate isrequired if it is to assume a leading role in coordination. The embassy will continue tosupport capacity strengthening and, together with the other spearheads will investigatepossibilities for the establishment of a Technical Assistance (TA) and research facility.

Developments outside of the water sector contribute to increasing water resources stress.Therefore the need for multi-sectoral planning and good governance is becoming more andmore obvious. Development in other sectors will strongly influence competing claims onwater. The embassy will create synergy between the sectors to allow for integratedplanning and development. Furthermore, the concept of Corporate Social EnvironmentalResponsibility will be strongly promoted. All partners active in the water (but also foodsecurity) spearhead need to work from this basis.

The water portfolio has grown over the last few years and is expected to become evenbigger, with inclusion of other instruments, in particular Water Mondiaal. This demandsadditional attention. The involvement needed in the field of integrated water managementresources linked to the Food and Nutrition Security spearhead will also increase.Furthermore the embassy will be chair of the group of donors in the water sector as from1st of January 2012, which will offer opportunities but will also demand extra capacity.

4.2 Food and Nutrition Strategy

Result chainThe Netherlands will be active in each of the four promising opportunities for change as outlined inchapter 3.2.2, building on experience gained in the past and acting as a broker between Dutchknowledge institutes and private sector initiatives that support the Mozambican developmentagenda. Many of the specific activities regarding food and nutrition security will need to be furtherdeveloped by the embassy in consultation with the Ministry in The Hague during the comingmonths.Given the strong donor emphasis on the social sectors and the need for a more equitable growthpattern in Mozambique, the embassy included in its previous MASP ‘growth and equity’ as athematic area, focusing on access to land, finance and markets for small and medium scaleenterprises and agricultural producers. This strategic choice is still justified given the current realityin Mozambique and provides a solid basis for developing a “food and nutrition security”programme. The embassy has been a leading partner in the area of access to land focusing on theempowerment of the communities to secure their land rights. Relations in this area date from along time back, creating comparative advantage and added value in the policy level discussions.The embassy, during the last 4 years, has started up initiatives for improving businessdevelopment services for small and medium scale farmers. There is evidence that investments insmallholders yield the best return in terms of poverty reduction and growth and therefore the focuson small and medium scale farmers, especially women, is still justified. However, the ambition tocontribute to viable crop production through this assistance had to be tempered because ofbottlenecks along the whole value chain (lack of inputs, technologies, finance, human capital,markets).

Trends in Mozambique and the Netherlands as well as some lessons learned now call for newapproaches that will be guiding the food and nutrition security programme. The programme will befurther developed and focussed on the basis of the following principles:

- In line with the policy note food and nutrition security (2011) from the ministry, theprogramme will have a strong focus on (1) increased food security, (2) reduction of mal-nourished households (3) enhanced business environment.

- Recognising the private sector as a driving force for development, the Food and NutritionSecurity (FNS) programme will work more closely with the private sector. Different modelswill be supported; development through large commercial investors that target theinvolvement of the small and medium sized entrepreneurs; direct support to farmersassociations and cooperatives, strengthening their institutional capacity and their strategiesto become business oriented; a value chain approach, from production to markets, will bepursued for specific crops. The role of the private sector in applied research and innovation

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will be strengthened. Special attention will be given to capacity building and integration ofenvironmental sustainability, social equity, gender and impact of climate change.

- Targeted interventions across sectors will be selected to support agricultural developmenti.e.: better inputs, developed value chain for a specific priority crop, developedinfrastructure, sustainable use of water, better quality food etc. The embassy will seeksynergy between the three spearheads, possibly in a regionally focused programme.Lessons learned and successful innovative practices can be used as an intervention modelfor other regions.

- Dutch interventions will be actively promoted in areas where we have knowledge andexpertise to offer, such as water management in agriculture, strategic environmentalimpact assessment and agro-finance for example. All interventions must, however, ensureadded value to the Mozambican development agenda. Instruments such as Niche, PSI, PUMand ORIO will be actively promoted.

The embassy wants to deliver concrete outputs by providing more innovative financial mechanismsfor commercial and small-scale farming. In this process specific attention to gender will be given. Itwill contribute to increased capacity of input suppliers and business development servicesproviders. The embassy will strengthen the land management system and promote consultationsbetween commercial investors in land and the rural communities. Water being a key input forfarming, water management systems for irrigation will have increased during the implementationperiod of the MASP. Lastly, contributing to improved access to nutritious food, action will beundertaken to support and fortify the value chain of specific food crops and – through the socialprotection programme – more and better interventions will be in place to increase purchasingpower of vulnerable households to buy food.

Access to land and securing communities land rights are key areas for good governance in the FNSprogramme. Empowering communities to strike better deals with investors and support to the newcooperative movement are as well. These areas are in particular relevant as a countervailing powerfor development. In the past the embassy has sought complementarities with Dutch NGO’s thatalso strengthen these countervailing powers. Support to cooperatives has been a good example,where there has been full coordination in funding as well as in strategic thinking between theembassy and, in this case, OXFAM-NOVIB to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of thecooperatives producing rice. Continued dialogue is foreseen to harmonise and to prevent overlap.

Risks and MitigationThe main risks for the sector are the following:

Insufficient public funding and spending for agriculture. This risk is assessed to be mediumto low. It will be mitigated by the fact that agriculture and food production are key areas inthe new poverty reduction strategy from the government. Based on the new priorities inthe poverty strategy, the sector dialogue and the monitoring of the sector budget will bestrengthened.

Non attractive international price, market and trade policies. High food prices are a seriousthreat to social and economic stability and will impact on the food and nutrition securitystrategy. As a mitigating measure it is important to monitor changes in price, markets andtrade policies and to develop scenario’s for policy and budget responses (including thesocial protection measures from government). Scenario planning will be done through themedium term expenditure framework in order to prepare for and manage this risk.

Insufficient integration of small farmers in commercial agriculture. In general Governmentpromotes large plantation investments, such as in forestry and bio fuels, which createsopportunities for job creation but creates also risks for exclusion of rural communities. Thegood governance elements in the FNS strategy are small but important actions to helpmitigate this risk and strengthen the voice of the poor.

Poor capacity, systemic failures and insufficient human resources. Poor capacity is ageneric risk for all sector programmes. Targeted capacity strengthening and technicalassistance will be used to mitigate this risk as well as support to improved accountability bythe partner organisations

Programmes being insufficient driven by local demand present a generic risk. The embassywill stimulate alignment with national activities such as the land fund where possible. Also,the embassy will adapt its level of ambition to local absorption capacity and possibilities todeliver visible results in some of the above-mentioned areas, in partnership withgovernment and the private sector.

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4.3 SRHR

Result chainThe policy priority of the Netherlands Government on Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights,including HIV and AIDS overlaps nearly completely with the policy priorities of the Government ofMozambique.

Currently teenage pregnancies are on the increase: more than two third of young women (20-24yr. old) give birth before they are 20 years old. We also know that more than half (54%) of theMozambican population is 18 years old or younger. These combined data convince us to focus oursupport on the SRHR of adolescents: prevention of teenage pregnancies and contracting HIV. Thisimplies the promotion of safe sex and increased use of modern contraceptive measures. Ourprincipal partners, the Ministry of Health (MoH) and PSI, are well situated to address this. Togetherwith other Health Partners we will exert maximum influence that in practice this focus is not lost.

Next to improving the use of modern contraceptive methods our support in the next 4 years willcontribute to less women dying as result of being pregnant and less new-borns dying at or soonafter being born. For actual service provision (supply) the Ministry of Health is the most importantprovider. Although focus is required on improved family planning services, antenatal control andbasic (emergency) obstetric and neonatal care, this is best achieved through general health systemstrengthening support, with an emphasis on improved human resources for health. Improvedpublic finance management, with a focus on anti-corruption and administrative efficiency(procurement) is an ever present focus. The embassy will explore the possibility to create a TAfund that will allow for greater control of TA by the Ministry and other partners. The same fund isintended to provide the embassy with access to improved linking and learning, through targetedresearch, predominantly with Mozambican partners.

Behaviour change is difficult and complex. The embassy strongly supports social marketing (PSI) toapply commercial (manipulative) techniques to have people abstain from unsafe sex, sleep undermosquito nets, eat nutritious food, drink clean water, wash their hands, use safe sanitation and usehealth services, such as maternities, when necessary. A better understanding of this demand sidefor health services may involve the stimulation of vouchers to pay for transport for poor pregnantwomen to reach maternities or even health insurance schemes for specific groups.

In order to work as efficiently as possible with the staff available, the embassy maximises theoverlap between the spearheads and the benefits of cross-cutting themes. In synergy with the foodand nutrition security spearhead our SRHR partners will be influenced to improve supply of anddemand for micronutrients and our FNS partners to improve value chains with food fortification. Itis important to realise that the drive to reduce teenage pregnancies will in itself reduce theprevalence of malnutrition. The synergy with the spearhead water is clearly sanitation. Tomaximise the health benefits from the use of clean water use of safe sanitation is paramount. Inpopulation dense areas such as municipalities, options will be explored to provide holisticintegrated support whilst maximising the benefits of our spearheads and our added value in beingrecognised as a credible honest broker with our other development partners to harmonise and alignwith Mozambican authorities.

The overlap between our SRHR spearhead and the GoM priorities is less pronounced in the area ofsexual rights. Now that abortion has been legalised the embassy will stimulate the ministry to alsomake the necessary services more available. On the other hand our Embassy will continue to buildon the existing relationships with strong civil society organisations to emphasise the need forimproved domestic accountability, protection of the rights of sexual minorities, otherwisespecifically vulnerable groups and gender. The embassy will explore possibilities to furtherstrengthen the cooperation between these civil society organisations by promoting thedevelopment of an NGO consortium.

Risks and mitigationTo avoid increasing donor dependency to fund a large part of the public health service delivery, it isimportant to mobilise support from civil society and parliament to promote sustained and evenincreased domestic financing. After a couple of years of decline the current trend appears one ofsteady recovery.

Although rights based advocacy NGO’s are tolerated it remains a risk if they one day mightbe considered to become too vocal. Sustained support by the Netherlands is helpful tomitigate this risk.

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Within the strong hierarchical structure and processes the position of the Minister of Healthremains pivotal. The openness and leadership of the current Minister is very muchappreciated by all partners and deserves our support to avoid change and promotedomestic ownership.

Given the weak institutional capacities the system remains vulnerable for failure ofcomponents, such as the logistics and supply system. Focused support and early warningalertness are crucial.

We strongly apply zero-tolerance for corruption, but acknowledge that, especially our publicsector partners may not be sufficiently equipped to prevent all fraud or theft, and dealdiligently with cases as they may occur. Our close relationship with our partners works inpractice as an early warning system and we are confident that our partners will monitor tothe best of their abilities and respond adequately to concerns we may have.

4.4 Cross Cutting: Good Governance

Result chainThe embassy will work on good governance issues that are necessary to overcome specificbottlenecks within the sectors and on good governance issues that are of a more general naturebut that are crucial to create an enabling environment for results and impact of the interventions inthe embassy’s spearheads (see chapter 3). Improving governance is generally known to be a longterm process. Results and impact are usually difficult to quantify and qualify and if results can beshown, it takes a prolonged effort to achieve them. Therefore, part of our added value stems fromthe continuation of support we have given for the last years and the lessons we have learned in theprocess. Another added value is the embassy’s integrated approach to good governance that allowslessons learned on sector level to feed in to interventions on the cross-cutting governance level andvice-versa.

In light of developments in the Netherlands, Mozambique and based on lessons learned theembassy’s approach to good governance in the coming four years will be the following:

- Governance issues that are specific to sectors will be addressed at sectoral level.Governance issues that are of a more general (cross-cutting) nature but important forresults within the sectors will be addressed at national level. As an example, the institutefor data collection, price setting and accountability in the water sector (CRA) will besupported.

- Focus of the cross-cutting governance interventions will be on public finance management,‘voice’ of civil society and social protection, which ensures accountability to the poorersegments of the population and offers them a possibility for political engagement. Furthersupport to the National Institute for Social Affairs (INAS) is requested from GoodGovernance funding.

- The embassy will work to optimise synergies between governance interventions at nationallevel and interventions within the sectors.

- Support to Public Finance Management will be continued and the embassy will explore thepossibility of broadening its PFM support to the tax authority, in order to enhance thecountry’s capabilities to generate public revenue and to reduce donor dependency.

- Civil society support will be continued in light of the growing need for advocacy andmonitoring of government and business activity.

- Good governance support will be less focused on Nampula and more concentrated on thenational level. Support to the National Program for Decentralised Planning and Finance willbe more focussed and reduced. The portfolio of good governance activities in Nampula willbe gradually phased out in the coming years.

Risks and mitigationThe main risks/mitigating measures for good governance interventions are the following:

The development towards an open, active and autonomous civil society could behampered, leading to less domestic accountability. The embassy will continue to supportfurther emancipation of a number of NGO’s.

Corruption and conflict of interests hinder public sector reform. Apart from the continuedsupport to PFM and to transparent planning and budgeting, which is an important part ofdecentralisation, continued support to monitoring by civil society is crucial to countercorruption.

Lack of capacity and resources for effective public sector reform. The National Program forDecentralised Planning and Finance that is financed by the embassy contains a substantialcapacity building component.

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Chapter 5

Other instruments of Netherlands Foreign Policy

Bilateral relationsMozambique and the Netherlands have a long history of friendly relations. The support many Dutchhave given to the struggle for independence is still remembered. The issues of piracy and drugs(Mozambique as transit country) are becoming of more concern and will ask for increased attentionand reporting of the embassy. Both will be dealt with within the EU and UN frameworks. Piracy isalso the main issue of collaboration with the Defence Attaché, who is based in Pretoria. In 2014presidential and parliamentary elections will be held. A revision of both the Election Laws and theConstitution is now being prepared. This will require close monitoring on a bilateral basis and withEU and G19 partners.The embassy will follow Mozambique’s position in international fora and report on it.

Economic DiplomacyMozambique’s natural resource wealth can be highly profitable for both investors andMozambique’s citizens. Significant opportunities for large-scale economic development, based onthe use of these natural resources and on the spillover of the expansion of extractive industriesalready exist or are in the process of being developed. On the one hand the new revenue sourcecan allow the country to become less dependent on foreign aid. On the other hand the keychallenge for the country is the need to complement the current export drive based on mega-projects with a diversification strategy that activates a broader set of growth drivers and taps moreeffectively into Mozambique’s abundant factors of production, in particular labour, land andentrepreneurial drive.

Next to the megaprojects but also related to these, development of small and medium enterprisesis required (SMEs). The country finds itself at a crossroads, presenting possibilities for Dutchentrepreneurs, companies and knowledge institutes. They can more than ever before seize theopportunities offered by the fact that the Mozambican authorities look at the private sector as theengine of development and that also in the development programme of the embassy the privatesector is seen and worked with as a key contributor to inclusive economic growth. However, thebusiness environment in the country is not yet favourable to private investments, both national andforeign. It suffers from obstacles that discourage new investments such as very high interest ratesdue to an inefficient financial market, bureaucracy within the public institutions in the licensing ofnew businesses, lack of roads for product flow from production areas to consumer areas, as well asdifficulties in land access. Some of these obstacles are being addressed as part of the developmentprogramme of the embassy; some are being addressed within the broader constituencies to whichthe Netherlands belongs i.e. the EU, the UN, IMF/WB etc. The same applies to international tradepolicies.

As becomes clear from the previous chapters the links between the sectors in which theNetherlands is active and Dutch companies and knowledge institutes are already strong,cooperation can be strengthened further. The embassy has set itself targets for an increased use ofthe Dutch Trade instruments. Also because an increased interest from the Dutch side can beexpected, the embassy will play a much more active role promoting trade and investment in thelarger framework of economic diplomacy. Several high level visits in 2011 both to Mozambique andto the Netherlands are a good starting point for increased activity. The embassy will pay specificattention to the follow-up of these visits.

In economic diplomacy, the Netherlands’ commitment to corporate social and environmentalresponsibility (shared values) will be a guiding principle as well as the need to guarantee thatDutch trade and investment adds value to inclusive growth in Mozambique.Procurement: Mozambique is one of the pilot countries of the IPI (Implementation Platform for IFIprocurement). Jointly with EL&I and the private sector the embassy will work on identifyingpossibilities for Dutch companies in the sectors of maritime infrastructure and health.

Policy Coherence for Development (PCD)There are no specific bilateral obstacles in the economic relationship between Mozambique and theNetherlands, which currently hinder bilateral trade relations.

In particular in the water sector several initiatives are at work/will become active in Mozambique:Water Mondiaal, Fryslan PPP, PSI, PPP facility, WASH-United, DeltAlliance, WASH UNICEF, WB(WSP), AfDB (WSI), IWMI,WSUP (PPP’s), 2g@there, Top Sector Water, Young Water Experts

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programme, WUR (EL&I funded) activities, UNESCO-IHE, Dutch private sector, other programmesof BZ thematic departments . The strength of the Netherlands’ should not be weakened byuncoordinated initiatives. The embassy sees as its primary responsibility to ensure coherence inDutch interventions.

Another type of coherence has to do with the way interventions impact on the global public goods.Uncontrolled large commercial investments in mining and agriculture are a serious threat forMozambique’s global goods such as water, land, forests and bio-diversity. Climate change isanother real threat, as water availability changes (floods and droughts) and biodiversity furtherdepletes. Climate change, aggravated by uncontrolled mining of natural resources in megaprojects,can destroy valuable farming systems and livelihoods. Private sector interests can becounterproductive for long term social development. The embassy will incorporate the concept ofPolicy Coherence for Development in its strategy for the water and food security spearheads. Theembassy will take a decision in 2012 whether it is in a position to become a pilot country in thisrespect, depending on available capacity and program progress.

Public Diplomacy/Culture and developmentThe image of the Netherlands is positive. Mozambique rarely asks for clarification on ‘moral issues’.A growing number of ‘non- traditional’ partners such as China, Brazil, India, South Africa, SouthKorea and Vietnam are becoming more active and receiving increasingly positive attention from theMozambican authorities. The embassy will therefore look into ways and means to proactivelydisseminate information on the results of Dutch activities and potential of Netherlands knowledge,potential and capacity. The new media will be made use of (recently the embassy opened a FaceBook page). Both the development programme and innovative business projects will be taken asstarting points for public diplomacy and Holland branding. Part of this strategy is a careful targetingof support to Mozambican cultural activities, with emphasis on meeting of cultures (e.g. inarchitecture, film and music and sports).

ConsularThe embassy is part of the regional collaboration programme which is being implemented by theRegional Support Office (RSO) in Pretoria. All consular back office tasks will be transferred to theRSO office. Up till now no Orange carpet policy was needed but it cannot be excluded that withintensifying economic relations this will have to be looked into during the MASP-period.For urgent visa applications and/or applications for members of the government the GermanEmbassy is providing assistance. The embassy is representing Austria, Slovenia, Luxembourg andBelgium for the issuing of visa. The embassy will continue to provide consular support wheneverneeded. Because of the size of the country it is assisted by two honorary consuls, one in Beira andone in Nampula.In the field of illegal migration and human trafficking the exchange of information and collaborationwith the ILO (Immigration Liaison Officer) in Pretoria will be continued. These issues are also partof the EU dialogue with Mozambique.

Chapter 6

Financial implications

Financial ODA implications 2012-2015 in € (Policy area, budget-code, description)

2.5 Security, good governance and rule of law 15.458.000

4.1 Food security 30.735.000

4.2 Effectiveness policy on poverty reduction 9.000.000

4.3 Private sector development 4.415.000

5.2 Support to Civil Society 675.000

5.3 Equal rights and opportunities for women 3.440.000

5.4 Sexual and reproductive healthcare and rights & HIV/aids 50.469.000

6.2 Integrated water management, water and sanitation 62.705.000

total budget 2012-2015176.897.000