international conference on outreach work handbook (1).pdf

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CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES

Programme and Abstracts

Date: 3rd – 5th December 2015

Venue: Wei Hing Theatre, AC1 – LT5, AC2 - 3505

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Department of Applied Social Sciences International Conference on Outreach Work:

Youth Gangs, Violence and Female Delinquency

Programme and Abstracts

Contents

Welcoming Message by the Organizing Committee 3

Conference Information 4 – 10

Conference Schedule 11 – 15

3rd December 2015 12 – 13

4th December 2015 13 - 14

5th December 2015 15

Programme Details 16 – 31

Plenary Session (I) & (II) 17

Forum 18

Penal Presentation (1 – 10) 19 – 28

Workshop (1 – 7) 29 – 30

Exhibition & Field Visits 31

Abstracts 32– 78

Plenary Session (I) 33 – 34

Plenary Session (II) 34 – 35

Penal Presentation (1) 36 – 38










Workshop (1 – 7) 72 – 78

Brief Biography of Speakers 79 – 88

Acknowledgement 89 – 90

Organizing Committee 91

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Welcoming Message by the Organizing Committee

Outreach work has long been developed worldwide as a community based service which

aims to reach out and establish contact proactively with marginalized young people and provide them

with appropriate support. This is done outside the office, within environments where young people

are associated frequently, such as streets, railway stations, shopping malls, etc. In some

countries/cities, outreach work is treated as an umbrella term encompassing diverse methods and

working approaches – e.g. street work and detached work – of supporting young people with varying

needs in different contexts.

In Hong Kong, the outreach social work service has accumulated over 35 years of experience

from quality practice. Its coverage is comprehensive, including District Youth Outreach Work Service

(daytime service), Overnight Outreach Service for Young Night Drifters (midnight service) and Pilot

Cyber Youth Outreach Projects (Online service). The active outreach approach is also widely

employed by different services, e.g. Counselling Centres for Psychotropic Substance Abusers

(CCPSAs), Community Support Service Scheme (CSSS) for young people with minor offences and the

Police Superintendent’s Discretion Scheme, to reach out and engage marginalized young people in

their own environment.

In the 21st century, the world is becoming increasingly globalized due to technological

innovations and rapid advances in both information and geographic mobility. No region is free from

the increasingly complicated and multifarious issue of youth crime and delinquency. By drawing

together insights and knowledge from different fields and disciplines, the Department of Applied

Social Sciences of City University of Hong Kong organizes the International Conference on Outreach

Work 2015 in Hong Kong. The theme of this conference is to explore new possibilities and initiatives

in handling “Youth Gangs, Violence and Female Delinquency” with outreach work. We sincerely hope

that this conference can serve as an arena for mutual exchanges:

1. Sharing knowledge and ideas on the ever-changing issue of youth delinquency and gang culture across the East and West;

2. Discussing breakthroughs in models, approaches and strategies in working with young people at risk;

3. Fostering collaborative networks facilitating the development of outreach work on both local and global scales.

We wish all participants having fruitful and wonderful experience in the conference.

The Organizing Committee

International Conference on Outreach Work

December 2015

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Conference Information

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Programme Highlight

International Conference on Outreach Work is held from 3rd December to 5th December 2015. The

general theme of the conference is “Youth Gangs, Violence and Female Delinquency”. During the

conference, 5 plenary speakers will make presentations related to the theme. There will also be 10

panel sessions and 7 workshops on 3rd and 4th December 2015. The Conference ends with a Forum

and Closing Ceremony on 5th December 2015 followed by Farewell Dinner. There are total 5

exhibition counters during the conference and 3 routes of field visits on 4th December 2015. They are

optional and all conference participants are welcome.

Important Activities and Venues

1) Plenary Sessions

On 3rd December, plenary sessions will be held in Wei Hing Theatre (6/F, Amenities Building, City

University of Hong Kong). On 4th December, plenary sessions will be held in AC1—LT5 (4/F, Lecture

Theatre 5, Academic Building 1).

2) Panel Presentation

On 3rd December, all panel presentation will be held in lecture theatre (4/F, Yellow Zone and Blue

Zone, Academic Building 1). On 4th December, panel presentation will either be held in classroom

(4/F, Blue Zone and Green Zone, Academic Building 1) and lecture theatre (4/F, Green Zone, Academic

Building 1). Please refer to the conference detail.

3) Workshop

On 3rd December, workshops will either be held in classroom (4/F, Green Zone, Academic Building 1)

and lecture theatre (4/F, Yellow Zone and Green Zone, Academic Building 1). On 4th December,

workshops will either be held in classroom (4/F, Green Zone and Blue Zone, Academic Building 1) and

lecture theatre (4/F, Green Zone, Academic Building 1). Please refer to the conference detail.

4) Forum

On 5th December, forum will be held in AC2—3505 (3/F, Academic Building 2). Please refer to

conference detail.

5) Closing Ceremony and Farewell Dinner

On 5th December, from 6:30p.m. to 8:30 p.m., the closing ceremony and farewell party will be held in

City Chinese Restaurant, 8/F., Amenities Building of City University of Hong Kong. All conference

participants are welcome.





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6) Field Visit

On 4th December, from 4:00 p.m. to 2:00 a.m., there are total 3 routes of field visit. Please refer to the

conference detail. Gathering Place is U-Circle.

7) Exhibition Counter

During 3rd to 5th December, Exhibition of Outreach Social Work Services in Hong Kong will be held in

the Exhibition Area, 4/F., Blue Zone, Academic Building 1. Please refer to conference detail.

8) Lunch

On 3rd December, welcoming lunch will be held in City Chinese Restaurant, 8/F., Amenities Building

of City University of Hong Kong. On 4th December, lunch break will be held in the Exhibition area at

Blue Zone, 4/F., Academic Building 1.

9) Tea Break

On 3rd December, tea break will be held outside Wei Hing Theatre. On 4th December, tea break will be

held in 4/F Blue Zone Exhibition Area, Academic Building 1. On 5th December, tea break will be held

outside AC2—3505.

Registration

The Registration Desk will be open during the conference period. On 3rd December, registration desk

will be locate at the area outside the Wei Hing Theatre (6/F., Amenities Building, City University of

Hong Kong) and will be open from 9:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. On 4th December, registration desk will be

locate at the area outside AC1 - LT5 (4/F, Yellow Zone, Academic Building 1) and will be open from

9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m.

Free internet access

There are two Wi-Fi accounts for our conference participants, with details as follow:

1. First Account Name: OSW2015

Password: APSS_osw2015

2. Second Account Name: OSW2015a

Password: APSS_osw2015a





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Address: City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong 九龍塘達之路香港城巿大學

Phone: +852 3442-7654

How to get to City University of Hong Kong:

http://www6.cityu.edu.hk/wayfinder/GettingToU/bymtr-kt1.htm

Floor plan of Wei Hing Theatre (6/F, Amenities Building, City University of Hong Kong):





http://www6.cityu.edu.hk/wayfinder/GettingToU/bymtr-kt1.htm

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Floor plan of 4/F, Academic Building 1:

Floor plan of AC2—3505 (3/F, Academic Building 2, City University of Hong Kong):

AC2 -

3505

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Location of U-circle:

Wong Fung Ling Hall (Block 8 of Tak Chee Yuen) 黃鳳翎堂 (德智苑第 8座):

Address: 88, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 九龍達之路八十八號

Phone: +852 2788 3114

Location of Wong Fung Ling Hall (Tak Chee Yuen):

How to get to Wong Fung Ling Hall (Tak Chee Yuen):

http://www6.cityu.edu.hk/wayfinder/en/Building/WFL/

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http://www6.cityu.edu.hk/wayfinder/en/Building/WFL/

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Alice Cheng Hall (Academic Exchange Building) 張永珍學人樓 (學術交流大樓):

Address: 81 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR

Phone: +852 2784 4509

Location of Alice Cheng Hall (Academic Exchange Building):

How to get to Alice Cheng Hall (Academic Exchange Building)

http://www6.cityu.edu.hk/wayfinder/en/Building/ACH/

http://www6.cityu.edu.hk/wayfinder/en/Building/ACH/

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Conference Schedule

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Conference Schedule

Date: 3 – 5 December, 2015 (Thursday, Friday and Saturday)

Time: 9:00 – 18:00 (2 and a half days conference with agency visits at the midnight)

Venue: City University of Hong Kong

Day 1 (3rd December 2015) Thursday

Time Rundown

9:00 – 9:30a.m. Registration (Wei Hing Theatre, 6/F., Amenities Building of City University of

Hong Kong)

9:30 – 10:00a.m. Opening Ceremony

10:00 – 12:30p.m.

Each with 30 mins

and

Q & A

Plenary Session (I)

Gang and Violence in Hong Kong: The Lessons We Learned from a

Murder Case

Prof. T. Wing LO

Head and Professor

Department of Applied Social Sciences

City University of Hong Kong

Moderator: Dr. Cherry Hau-lin, TAM

Q & A (15 mins)

Tea Break (20 minutes) – Outside Wei Hing Theatre

The Contribution of Outreach Work towards Preventing Gang-

and Violence Problems amongst Young People: The Situation in

Norway and Europe

Mr. Henning Pedersen

Senior Executive Officer

The City of Oslo – Agency for Social and Welfare Services

Competence Centre, Norway

Street Work, No Street: Gangs and Gang Intervention in the Digital

Age

Dr. James A. Densley

Associate Professor

School of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice

Metropolitan State University, Minnesota, USA

Moderator: Prof. Eric Wing-hong CHUI

Q & A (25 mins)




Conference Schedule

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12:30 – 2:00p.m. Welcoming Lunch (City Chinese Restaurant, 8/F., Amenities Building of City

University of Hong Kong)

Panel Presentation

2:00 – 4:00p.m.

Each with 20 mins

Q & A

Panel (1)

AC1 – LT4

Drug Use

Panel (2)

AC1 – LT5

Youth

Delinquency

Panel (3)

AC1 – LT6

Youth Crime

& Outreach

Panel (4)

AC1 – LT7

Youth Gangs

/ Triads

Panel (5)

AC1 – LT8

Street/Club

Work

4:00 – 4:30p.m. Tea Break (Exhibition at Blue Zone, 4/F., Academic Building 1)

Workshop

4:30 – 6:00p.m.

Around 45 mins

demonstration

with Q & A and

sharing

Workshop (1) Workshop (2) Workshop (3)

Cyber Youth Outreach

Venue: AC1 – LT3

OSW15005

Helmi Korhonen &

Jaakko Nuotio from

Finland

Teenage sex /

pregnancy

Venue: AC1 – LT14

OSW15049

Wing Yee LI, Betty YIP &

Lap Man WAN from

Hong Kong

Street work: Life

Games

Venue: AC1 – G4302

OSW15032

Aggie CHUNG, Angus

TANG & their colleagues

from Hong Kong

End of Day 1

Day 2 (4th December 2015) Friday

Time Rundown

9:00 – 9:30a.m. Registration (4/F, Lecture Theatre 5, Academic Building 1)

9:30 – 11:00a.m.

Each with 30 mins

and

Q&A

Plenary Session (II)

Scottish Youth Gangs, Territoriality and Street Violence: Insights

from a Decade of Working with Young Male Offenders

Prof. Ross Deuchar

Associate Dean (Research, Enterprise and International)

School of Education

University of the West of Scotland

Trends and Patterns of Female Delinquency

Prof. Karen A. Joe Laidler

Professor

Director, Centre of Criminology

Department of Sociology

The University of Hong Kong

Moderator: Prof. Dennis Sing-wing WONG

Q&A (30 mins)

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11:00 – 11:30a.m. Tea Break (Exhibition at Blue Zone, 4/F., Academic Building 1)

Workshop

11:30 – 1:00p.m.

Around 45 mins

demonstration

with Q & A and

sharing

Workshop (4) Workshop (5) Workshop (6) Workshop (7)

Risky Sex:

Intervention

Venue: AC1 –

B4302

OSW15018

Keelie CHEUNG &

Gloria LI from

Hong Kong

Violence:

Interventions

Venue: AC1 –

LT14

OSW15021

Anthony J. Hill,

Fran Franklin &

Tina L. Jordan

from USA

Outreach Social

Work

Venue: AC1 –

G4302

OSW15006

Borge Erdal &

Henning

Pedersen from

Oslo, Norway

Cyber Youth

Outreach

Venue: AC1 -

B4701

OSW15056

Ka Yeung LAU

Caritas Hong

Kong

1:00 – 2:00p.m. Lunch Break (Exhibition at Blue Zone, 4/F., Academic Building 1)

Panel Presentation

2:00 – 4:00p.m.

Each with 20 mins

Q & A

Panel (6)

AC1 – G4302

Technology &

Youth

Panel (7)

AC1 – B4302

Youth Sex

Panel (8)

AC1 – G4701

Youth Gangs

& Subculture

Panel (9)

AC1 - LT - 11

Drugs –

Approaches

Panel (10)

AC1 – G4702

Youth

Violence

4:00 – 4:30p.m. Gathering at U-Circle of City University of Hong Kong

5:00 – 7:30p.m.

Field Visit (Route 1) Field Visit (Route 2) Field Visit (Route 3)

District Youth

Outreach Social

Work Service (YOT)

YWCA – Central,

Western & Island

Community Support

Service Scheme (CSSS)

ELCHK – Youth

Enhancement Scheme

Counselling Centre for

Psychotropic Substance

Abusers (CCPSA)

HKLSS – Rainbow Lutheran

Centre (Wong Tai Sin & Sai

Kung)

7:30 – 9:30p.m. Dinner and Travelling to YNDs

10:00p.m. –

2:00a.m.

(Until midnight)

Field Visit (Route 1) Field Visit (Route 2) Field Visit (Route 3)

Overnight Outreach

Service for Young

Night Drifters (YND)

HKPA – Yau-Tsim-

Mong

Overnight Outreach

Service for Young Night

Drifters (YND)

HKCYS – Tai Po &

North District

Overnight Outreach Service

for Young Night Drifters

(YND)

HKFYGs –

Tseung Kwan O

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Conference Schedule

Day 3 (5th December 2015) Saturday

Time Rundown

2:00 – 2:30p.m. Registration

AC2 – 3505 (3/F., Room 3505, Academic Building 2)

2:30 – 5:30p.m.

Each with 20 mins

&

Q & A

Mutual sharing

a

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t

e

r

t

h

e

s

p

e

e

c

h

e

Forum

Outreach Work: Challenges and the Ways Ahead

Mr. Wing-hung CHUK – Hong Kong

Ms. Nancy NG – Singapore

Prof. Hsi-sheng WEI – Taiwan

Dr. Fucai CHENG – Mainland China

Mr. Lap-man WAN – Macau

Mr. Henning Pedersen – Norway, Europe

Dr. James A. Densley – United States

Prof. Ross Deuchar – Scotland

Moderator: Prof. T. Wing LO

Tea Break (20 minutes) (Area outside AC2 – 3505)

Mutual sharing and Discussion (around1 hour)

Mr. Wing-hung CHUK – Hong Kong

Ms. Nancy NG – Singapore

Prof. Hsi-sheng WEI – Taiwan

Dr. Fucai CHENG – Mainland China

Mr. Lap-man WAN – Macau

Mr. Henning Pedersen – Norway, Europe

Dr. James A. Densley – United States

Prof. Ross Deuchar – Scotland

Moderator: Prof. T. Wing LO

Q & A (30 mins)

5:30 – 6:00p.m. Break Time

6:30 – 8:30p.m.

Closing Ceremony and Farewell Party (City Chinese Restaurant, 8/F.,

Amenities Building of City University of Hong Kong)

Slide Show of the photos of the three days conference

Concluding speech by Prof. T. Wing LO




Conference Schedule

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Programme Details

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Programme Details

Plenary Session (I):

Date: 3 December 2015 (Thursday)

Time: 10:00 – 12:30p.m.

Venue: Wei Hing Theatre, 6/F., Amenities Building of City University of Hong Kong

Time Plenary Speeches

10:00 – 12:30p.m.

Each with 30 mins

and

Q&A

Gang and Violence in Hong Kong: The Lessons We Learned from a

Murder Case

Prof. T. Wing LO

Head and Professor

Department of Applied Social Sciences


The Contribution of Outreach Work towards Preventing Gang- and

Violence Problems amongst Young People: The Situation in Norway

and Europe





Street Work, No Street: Gangs and Gang Intervention in the Digital

Age


Associate Professor



Plenary Session (II):

Date: 4 December 2015 (Friday)

Time: 9:30 – 11:00a.m.

Venue: AC1 – LT5, 4/F., Lecture Theatre 5, Academic Building 1 of City University of Hong Kong

Time Plenary Speeches

9:30 – 11:00p.m.

Each with 30

mins

and

Q&A

Scottish Youth Gangs, Territoriality and Street Violence: Insights from

a Decade of Working with Young Male Offenders

Prof. Ross Deuchar


School of Education




Professor







Programme Details

Plenary Session (I) & (II)

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Programme Details

Forum of the Conference

Date: 5 December 2015 (Saturday)

Time: 2:30 – 5:30p.m.

Venue: AC2 – 3505, 3/F., Room 3505, Academic Building 2 of City University of Hong Kong

Theme of the Forum: Outreach Work – Challenges and the Ways Ahead

Time Speakers of the Forum

2:30 – 5:30p.m.

Each with 10

mins

introduction of

outreach work in

respective

countries / cities

&

Mutual sharing

on discussion on

key concerns on

outreach work

(around1 hour)

&

30 minutes

Q & A

The Situation in Hong Kong

Mr. Keswick Wing-hung, CHUK

Service Director

Evangelical Lutheran Church Social Service – Hong Kong

The Situation in Singapore

Ms. Nancy NG

Director of Central Youth Guidance Office

Ministry of Social and Family Development, Singapore.

The Situation in Taiwan

Professor Hsi-sheng WEI

Professor of Social Work

College of Social Sciences, National Taipei University, Taiwan

The Situation in Mainland China

Dr. Fucai CHENG

Associate Professor and Deputy Director

Youth and Juvenile Studies, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences

The Situation in Macau

Mr. Lap-man WAN

Deputy Head (Corporate Communications, Sports & Arts Services)

Hong Kong Playground Association

The Situation in Norway/Europe





The Situation in USA


Associate Professor



The Situation in Scotland

Prof. Ross Deuchar


School of Education, University of the West of Scotland




Programme Details

Forum

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Programme Details

Panel Presentation (1) – Drug Use


Time: 2:00 – 4:00p.m.


Moderator: Dr. Sharon Leung

Time Presentation Topics and Authors

2:00 – 2:20p.m. OSW15022 (Oral Presentation) Using a multi-criteria framework for analysing the determinant factors of adolescent drug involvement and evaluating the policy preference in the Australian context Gabriel T.W. Wong1,2, Matthew Manning 1 1 The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, 2 Griffith Criminology Institute, Brisbane, Australia

2:20 – 2:40p.m. OSW 15024 (Oral Presentation)

Longitudinal Outreach Strategies in the Relocation and Street

Recruitment of Latino Young Adults with Histories of Adolescent Gang

Membership and Drug Use

Avelardo Valdez1, Alice Cepeda1 Kathryn Nowotny2 1 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States 2 University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, United States

2:40 – 3:00p.m. OSW15044 (Oral Presentation)

The need of the young drug abusers to receive vocational training

Man Ting KWOK, Chi Wai LUN

Life College - Caritas District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team – Southern,

Hong Kong.

3:00 – 3:20p.m. OSW15046 (Oral Presentation) Shame and guilt: Young people’s experience of illicit substance use Dr. Sharon Leung, Prof. Victor Wong Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong

3:20 – 3:40p.m. Q & A




Programme Details

Panel Presentation (1)

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Programme Details

Panel Presentation (2) - Youth Delinquency – Working Approaches


Time: 2:00 – 4:00p.m.


Moderator: Dr. Wai-Yip Ho


2:00 – 2:20p.m. OSW15055 (Oral Presentation) Matrix Model for Outreaching Service Keswick Wing-hung, CHUK Service Director Evangelical Lutheran Church Social Service – Hong Kong


Application of community based Sports training for youth crime

prevention

Pui Lim CHEUNG1, Ki Ho FUNG2, Kai Chun LAU3, Yui Chi CHAUi4, Kwok Chun

WONG5 1, 5 Hong Kong Children & Youth Services, Project Sinews – Overnight

Outreaching Service for Young Night Drifters, 2 Hong Kong Children and Youth

Services, Ma On Shan Youth Outreaching Social Work Team, 3 Hong Kong

Children and Youth Services, Sane centre, 4 Hong Kong Children & Youth

Services, Tai Po District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team, Hong Kong


Animal-assisted therapy for socially withdrawn youths

Paul W.C. Wong1, Tim M.H. Li2, Rose W.M. Yu1 1 Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong

Kong, Hong Kong, 2 Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic

University.


“Unusual Academy”- service for school dropouts in Hong Kong

Christine Yeuk Tip, Cheung

Hong Kong Playground Association, Hong Kong


Outreaching Ethnic and Religious Minority: Case-Study of Hong Kong

Muslim Minority studying in Madrasah

Dr. Wai-Yip Ho

Associate Professor

Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong

3:40 – 4:00p.m. Q & A

Programme Details





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Programme Details

Panel Presentation (3) - Youth Crime and Outreach


Time: 2:00 – 4:00p.m.


Moderator: Dr. Julie Anne Laser-Maira



Reducing Delinquency in East Asian Youth

Dr. Julie Anne Laser-Maira, Dr. Jennifer Boeckel

University of Denver Graduate School of Social Work


Youth GO! Works!

Ms. Nancy NG


Ministry of Social and Family Development Singapore, Singapore


Philosophical Counselling

Kei Yan LEUNG1, Shun Man LAW2, Kai hung CHAM3, See Man KWAN4 Chi Wai

MOO5 1 College of International Education of Baptist University, Hong Kong 2 Hong Kong Community College of Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 3, 4, 5 The Boys’ and Girls’ Clubs Association of Hong Kong Kwun Tong District

Youth Outreaching Social Work Team and Young Night Drifters Service

(Kowloon East), Hong Kong.


Empowering the Abandoned and Neglected Youth of BOYS HOME

Lolita D. Pablo, Ph.D.

Licensed Social Worker, Centro Escolar University, Manila

3:20 – 3:40p.m. Q & A




Programme Details


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Programme Details

Panel Presentation (4) - Youth Gangs & Triads


Time: 2:00 – 4:00p.m.


Moderator: Dr. Wing K. Au



Growing out the Gang: The Role of Gang Weariness in Exiting the Gang

Ms. Johanne Miller



Survey about Illegal and At-risk Jobs among Youth-at-risk

Wilson CHAN1, Amy CHO2, Kenneth YEUNG3, Zeno LAM4, Terry KI5 & Kiki

CHENG6.

Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups Youth Crime Prevention Centre


Addressing Staff Retention in Gang Intervention Programs

Ms. Jenny West-Fagan

Department of Criminology, Law and Society, University of California, Irvine


Young Night Drifters’ Social Workers – Health At Risk?

Dr. Wing K. AU

Head (Administration)

Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Shue Yan University


The Macau Outreaching Youth Service before and after Gambling

Concession Granted

Sheng Kung Hui Northern District Youth Service Team, Macau

3:40 – 4:00p.m. Q & A




Programme Details


23

Programme Details

Panel Presentation (5) - Street/Club Work


Time: 2:00 – 4:00p.m.


Moderator: Mr. Lap-man WAN



Outreaching Service in Club/Upper Bar

Kam San SZETO1, lap man WAN2 1, 2 Hong Kong Playground Association, Hong Kong


Street Dance in Gang Work Intervention

Margaret Mei Chun MAR1, David Man Chun NG2, Vienna Sze Mei YEUNG3, Kit

Sum TSE4, Jacky Wai Hang CHAN5 1, 5 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Ma On Shan Youth Outreaching

Social Work Team, 2, 3, 4, Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Tai Po District

Youth Outreaching Social Work Team


Narrative practice for youth gangs – band of life

Mr. Ka Fai KWONG

Team Leader

The Salvation Army Chai Wan Integrated Service for Young People.


Reaching the Unreached

Louise Wing Man YIP

Caritas Hong Kong, Hong Kong


On Cases and Amendments of Juvenile Justice Law in the Philippines

Randy Ban ez1, Mary Claire Calura2

1 College of Criminology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology,

Philippines 2 Guidance and Counseling Center, Nueva Ecija University of Science and

Technology, Philippines

3:40 – 4:00p.m. Q & A




Programme Details


24

Programme Details

Panel Presentation (6) - Technology & Youth


Time: 2:00 – 4:00p.m.

Venue: AC1 – G4302, 4/F., Green Zone, Rm 4302, Academic Building 1 of City University of Hong Kong

Moderator: Prof. Dr. Walther Specht



An International Perspective on Outreach Work Research

Dr. Shmulik Szeintuch

Lecturer

School of Social Work, Sapir College, Israel.


Social Media in Youth Outreach: A Case Study of a Pilot Project

Dr. Chitat CHAN 1, Mr. Humphrey Hong Chung LUI 2, Mr. Stanley Chun Yu HO 3

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Polytechnic

University of Hong Kong, 2, 3 The Boys’ & Girls’ Clubs Association of Hong Kong


Juvenile Crime Prevention by Mobile Youth Work in Europe: A holistic

community-based outreach strategy to include children and youth at risk

and their families.

Prof. Dr. Walther Specht

University of Tu bingen, Social Work Department, Germany

Honourable Chair of the International Society for Mobile Youth Work (ISMO)


Using Technology in Youth Outreaching Services

Mr. Wilson Man-ho CHAN 1, Miss Ka-sin CHAN 2

The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, Youth Crime Prevention Centre,

Hong Kong

3:20 – 3:40p.m. Q & A




Programme Details


25

Programme Details

Panel Presentation (7) - Youth Sex


Time: 2:00 – 4:00p.m.

Venue: AC1 – B4302, 4/F., Blue Zone, Rm 4302, Academic Building 1 of City University of Hong Kong

Moderator: Dr. Cheryl Chui



Adolescent Pregnancy and Risk Behaviours in South Africa

Andrew Amos Channon1, Busi Mkwananzi2, Nicole de Wet2, Cheryl Chui3,

Jacqueline Moodley4

1 University of Southampton, UK, 2 University of Witwatersrand, South Africa, 3

The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 4 University of Johannesburg, South

Africa


Outreach Street Work Project: Providing Sex Education for At-risk-youth

in Street

Simmy Sin Man YEUNG1, Wing Hong CHAN2, Kai Ping LAW3, Ray Chi Hung HUI4 1 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, CLAP For Youth @ JC─ Career and

Life Adventure Planning, 2, 3 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Tai Po

District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team, 4 Hong Kong Children and Youth

Services, Project Sinews─Overnight Outreaching Service for Young Night

Drifters


Exploration of Adolescents’ Sexual Exploitation in Tanzania from the

Perspectives of Teachers & Social Welfare Offices

Budeba Petro MLYAKADO

City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong


Sexual Prejudice and Institutional Barriers: Social Service Accessibility of

Sexual Minority Youth in Hong Kong

Diana K. KWOK

Assistant Professor, RSW, Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong SAR,

China

3:20 – 3:40p.m. Q & A




Programme Details


26

Programme Details

Panel Presentation (8) - Youth Gangs & Subculture


Time: 2:00 – 4:00p.m.


Moderator: Dr. Kok Hoe NG



From Youth Gangs to Organised Crime Groups: the ‘Career Paths’ of

English Gang Members

Mr. Dev Maitra

PhD Candidate at the Institute of Criminology

University of Cambridge, U.K


Profile of Youth Gang Members, Causes and Effects of their Activities in

Tagbilaran City

Joesil Dianne C. Sempron 1, Reina Rose Amor T. Galo 2

1, 2 University of Bohol, City of Tagbilaran, Bohol, Philippines


Street outreach to at-risk youths in high-density public housing estates:

Lessons from Singapore

Dr. Kok Hoe NG

Assistant Professor

Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore


Muddling-through the school life: deviant student subculture in China

Lucia Lin LIU

The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong


Bullied and Ostracized Children of Transnational Families: Implications

on School and Community-based Policing

Mary Claire Calura1, Randy Ban ez2

1 Guidance and Counseling Center, Nueva Ecija University of Science and

Technology, Philippines, 2 College of Criminology, Nueva Ecija University of

Science and Technology, Philippines

3:40 – 4:00p.m. Q & A




Programme Details


27

Programme Details

Panel Presentation (9) - Drugs – Working Approaches


Time: 2:00 – 4:00p.m.


Moderator: Dr. Cherry Tam



“Starry Journey @ Narra Drama –An application of Narrative Approach in

the work with high risk youth and youth with drug use

Mr. Irving Alfred BALEROS

Social worker, North District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team

Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hong Kong


Adopting the Practice of Mindfulness to Ex-substance Abusers for Relapse

Prevention

Ting Ting CHENG1, Joseph Min Man, HUI2

1, 2 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Sane Centre, Hong Kong


Motivational Interviewing in Youth Outreach

Mr. Nick, TSE1234, Prof. Samson TSE5

1The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hong Kong, Enlighten Centre, 2Member of

the Motivational Interviewing Network of Trainers (MINT), International, 3Vice-Chairman of the Chinese Association of Motivational Interviewing (CAMI),

Hong Kong, 4Doctoral Candidate, Department of Social Work and Social

Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, 5Professor of Mental Health, Department of Social Work and Social

Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong.


Dealing with youth drug abuse problem with Chinese Medicine

Wai-leuk CHOI 1, Dennis AU 2, Ming-chak LUK 3, Ka-yu WONG 4, Pak-hong LAU 5 1 Hong Kong Children & Youth Services, Tai Po District Youth Outreaching Social

Work Team, 2 Conduct Chinese Medicine Clinic, Hong Kong, 3 Hong Kong

Children & Youth Services, School Supportive Services, 4, 5 Hong Kong Children

& Youth Services, Project Sinews – Overnight Outreaching Service for Young

Night Drifters.


Just say no? Who helps and who hinders teen’s drug refusal attitude

Dr. Shimin Zhu1 & Prof. Samson Tse1

1 Department of Social Work & Social Administration, The University of Hong

Kong

3:40 – 4:00p.m. Q & A




Programme Details


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Programme Details

Panel Presentation (10) - Youth Violence


Time: 2:00 – 4:00p.m.


Moderator: Dr. Jerf YEUNG



An Empirical Study of Risk Factors for Youth Violence and Social Work

Intervention for At-risk Youth in Hong Kong

Mr. Elvis Fong Wing NG 1, Ms. Anna Wai Na NG 2, Prof. Eric CHUI 3

1, 2 Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, Youth Crime Prevention Centre,

Tsuen Wan & Kwai Chung Outreaching Social Work Team, 3 Applied Social

Sciences, City University of Hong Kong


Preventing Youth Dating Violence: A preliminary study on developing the

scope of outreaching and crisis management in Hong Kong

Louis W.Y. MOK¹, Kary K.Y. WONG²

¹Community College of City University, Hong Kong

²City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong


“She hit me first so I smashed her back” - Outreach Through Ethnographic

Research Among Violent Girls

Dr Donna Swift

Principal Academic Staff Member, Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology,

New Zealand


A Family Transmission Perspective on Female Adolescents’ Delinquent

Engagement in Hong Kong

Dr. Jerf W. K. YEUNG1 , Dr. Chau-Kiu CHEUNG1 , Ms. Fion Y. M. LI2

Ms. Agnes M. H. CHENG2

1, 2 Department of Applied Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong 3, 4 Hong Kong Young Women’s Christian Association


Macau - Youth Outreach work in Asia's Las Vegas

Leong wai lam

An ex-team leader of Youth outreaching Team

3:40 – 4:00p.m. Q & A




Programme Details


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Programme Details

Workshops 1, 2 & 3


Time: 4:30 – 6:00p.m.

Venue Workshop Topics and Authors

Workshop 1

Venue: AC1 – LT3

OSW15005 (Workshop)

Commitment and time usage – Reaching out online to youngsters and

seeing how they see Online Outreach Youth Work

Helmi Korhonen, Jaakko Nuotio

Nuorten Palvelu ry (Youth Service Association),Online Outreach Youth Work

Team, Kuopio, Finland

Workshop 2

Venue: AC1 –

LT14

OSW15049 (Workshop)

“Love．Life．Tree – Support Scheme for Youth with Pre-marital sex”

Li Wing Yee1, Yip Wai Ying,Betty2, Wan Lap Man3

1&2Hong Kong Playground Association, Yau Tsim Mong District Youth

Outreaching Social Work Team, 3Hong Kong Playground Association

Workshop 3

Venue: AC1 –

G4302

OSW15032 (Workshop)

Healthy Life Games Package

Aggie CHUNG1, Alan LAU, Angus TANG, Bowie YUEN, Yeung Tak CHAN, Fish YU 1 The Salvation Army, New Territories West Integrated Service, Tuen Mun

Services for Young Night Drifters, Hong Kong




Programme Details

Workshop 1, 2 & 3

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Programme Details

Workshops 4, 5, 6 & 7


Time: 11:30 – 1:00p.m.

Venue Workshop Topics and Authors

Workshop 4

Venue: AC1 –

B4302

OSW15018 (Workshop)

The new intervention tool on risky sex issue: The Love Sim

Miss Keelie Ming Shan CHEUNG1, Miss Gloria Leut Wai LI2

1 The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, Youth Crime Prevention Centre,

Sai Kung and Wong Tai Sin Outreaching Social Work Team, 2 The Hong Kong

Federation of Youth Groups, Youth Crime Prevention Centre, Tsuen Wan and

Kwai Chung Outreaching Social Work Team

Workshop 5

Venue: AC1 –

LT14

OSW15021 (Workshop)

Project Resilience: Preparing Youth to Make Health Responses to Gang

Violence

Anthony J. Hill1, Fran Franklin2, Tina L. Jordan3

1, 2, 3 Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA

Workshop 6

Venue: AC1 –

G4302

OSW15006 (Workshop)

Tacit knowledge and use of reflective team in Outreach social work

Børge Erdal1, Henning Pedersen2

1 Uteseksjonen - The City centre Outreach Service, Agency for Social and

Welfare Services, City of Oslo Council, Norway. 2 Korus Oslo - The Competence

Centre, Agency for Social and Welfare Services, City of Oslo Council, Norway

Workshop 7

Venue: AC1 –

B4701

OSW15056 (Workshop) An investigation of social workers’ engagement and intervention of at-risk youths in Cyber Outreaching Ka Yeung LAU Caritas Hong Kong, Youth and Community Service, Cyberyouth Outreaching Project, Hong Kong.




Programme Details

Workshop 4, 5, 6 & 7

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Programme Details

Exhibition of Outreach Social Work Services in Hong Kong

Date: 3 – 5 December 2015 (Thursday, Friday & Saturday)

Time: Whole Day

Venue: Exhibition Area, 4/F., Blue Zone of the Academic Building, City University of Hong Kong

Exhibition

Counters

Organizations

1 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services

2 Youth Crime Prevention Centre of The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups

3 The Boys’ and Girls’ Club of Hong Kong

4 Tung Wah Group of Hospitals CROSS Centre

5 Hong Kong Playground Association, Hong Kong

Unusual Academy: Service for School Dropouts in Hong Kong

Field Visits of the Conference


Time: 4:00p.m. to 2:00a.m. (Until midnight)

Gathering Place: 4:00p.m. at U-Circle of City University of Hong Kong

Routes Field Visits

1 Central, Western & Islands District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team

Hong Kong Young Women’s Christian Association

“MINES” – Midnight Network Scheme for Young Night Drifters


2 Youth Enhancement Scheme of

Evangelical Lutheran Church Social Service - Hong Kong

Project Sinews: Tai Po & North Districts Overnight Outreaching Service for

Youth Night Drifters

Hong Kong Children and Youth Services

3 Rainbow Lutheran Centre

Hong Kong Lutheran Social Service, the Lutheran Church

Youth Crime Prevention Centre, Extended Service for Youth Night Drifters.

The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups




Programme Details

Exhibition & Field Visit

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Abstracts

33

Abstracts

Plenary Session (I) Speech 1 Wei Hing Theatre

Gang and Violence in Hong Kong: The Lessons We Learned from a Murder Case

Professor T. Wing Lo Head and Professor

Department of Applied Social Sciences City University of Hong Kong

This presentation examines the lessons we learned from a gang murder case, which was described by the presiding judge as “wicked and brutal killing” and drew widespread public attention. On 14th May, 1997, a youth gang tortured a 16-year-old gang member to death, burned the corpse and dumped it in a trash area. The research team interviewed the 9 murderers in prison, including the leaders, ordinary members and followers, but the content has been kept confidential because the youth were only 13 to 17 years old at the time of committing the crime. Some of the findings will be publicly unfolded for the first time in this conference. The lessons learned in relation to triad affiliation, gang leadership, gang norms, gang activities, media influence, and social work intervention, will be shared.


The contribution of outreach work towards preventing gang- and violence problems amongst

young people: The Situation in Norway and Europe.

Mr. Henning Pedersen Senior Executive Officer

The City of Oslo Agency for Social and Welfare Services


In this presentation I will provide a brief overview of the gang- and violence situation in Europe. I will

argue that violence, knife and gang related crime is one of the most important prevention challenges

in contemporary Europe. The burden of violence-related deaths and harm is unequally distributed in

disfavour of the low- and middle income countries in the Region. Further I will introduce the main

prevention strategies prioritized by Norwegian government. I argue that the reasons for gang- and

violence related problems amongst young people are complicated. To a large extend the gang

problems and youth violence have their origin and reasons in the everyday life and living conditions

of young people. There are in Europe (as elsewhere) well researched programs for combatting and

preventing youth gangs and youth violence. We know strategies and efforts that are likely to be

effective on community level. Putting them into practice is a question of political will and funding.

Initiatives for combatting visible gangs- and youth violence are often less controversial. Still it

enlightens questions about effective ways of involving at-risk youths in effective activities at an early

stage. Here, outreach services based in local communities can prove to play an important role.




Abstracts

Plenary Session (I)

34

Abstracts


Street work, no street: gangs and gang intervention in the digital age

Dr. James A. Densley Associate Professor

School of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Metropolitan State University, Minnesota, USA.

Group processes associated with gangs have traditionally occurred in person and in public.

Increasingly, however, group behaviors that build collective identity are moving online and out of

sight. Information on real or perceived threats also diffuses quickly via smart phones and social

media, compelling gangs to action. The question is, can outreach keep up? Drawing on examples from

Britain and the United States, this paper explores the challenges and opportunities presented by the

integration of technology into the everyday life of the gang. It considers, broadly, the future of street

work where no street exists. Emphasis is placed on the performance of gang membership on the

Internet and the overlap between gang members’ offline and online worlds. The potential for

“networked” gang intervention is explored, and implications for policy and practice are provided.

Plenary Session (II) Speech 1 AC1 – LT5

Scottish Youth Gangs, Territoriality and Street Violence: Insights from a Decade of Working

with Young Male Offenders

Professor Ross Deuchar

Associate Dean

(Research, Enterprise and International)

School of Education


In this Keynote, Professor Deuchar will illustrate the nature and impact of youth gang culture and

street violence in Scotland, with a particular focus on Glasgow (Scotland’s largest city). He will

describe the patterns of gang violence that young Scottish males typically engage in, within the

context of knife crime and territoriality. Deuchar will share insights from a decade of conducting in-

depth qualitative research with young men in socially deprived communities which has explored the

influence of gang culture and territoriality on their own lives and on the social capital within their

communities. He will end by referring to the nature of recent policy and practice in Scotland which

has sought to place an emphasis on violence prevention and early and effective intervention.




Abstracts

Plenary Session (I) & (II)

35

Abstracts

Plenary Session (II) Speech 2 AC1 – LT5



Professor




Many locales around the world, including Hong Kong, have witnessed an increase in the public’s apprehension over the troubles and troublesome behaviors of female adolescents. Media headlines, here and elsewhere, prominently feature the “downward spiral” of these young women who appear to be “out of control”. These troubling behaviors range from traditional concerns about premarital and unprotected sex, young motherhood and violence to contemporary anxieties over cyberbullying, recreational drug use and compensated dating. Educators, social workers, policymakers and others see these troubling behaviors at odds with our conventional understanding of being young and being a woman. The perceived rise of girls’ “at risk” behaviors has led concerned social workers, teachers, parent groups and government policymakers to strategize ways to engage and reduce these “risks”. But what exactly are the troubling behaviors that appear to be on the rise in many places around the world? And how might we make sense of these current trends? This paper starts by focusing on those troubling behaviors as they are articulated in the media, and then compared with local and international trends in girls and young women’s involvement in “at risks” behaviors, including delinquency and crime. Following this, I draw upon the gender and gang literature to reflect on a number of different explanations that may shed light on girls’ troubles today, looking particularly at the arena of negotiated femininities where girls and young women are confronted with the tensions of youthful autonomy and the “ideal” feminine. The paper closes with some practical considerations in engaging girls and young women.




Abstracts

Plenary Session (II)

36

Abstracts

Penal (1) – Drug Use AC1 – LT4

Using a multi-criteria framework for analysing the determinant factors of adolescent drug involvement and evaluating the policy preference in the Australian context

Gabriel T.W. Wong1,2, Matthew Manning 1 1 The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia,

2 Griffith Criminology Institute, Brisbane, Australia Drug prevention experts generally consider the etiology of substance involvement as a complex and multidimensional problem affected by a number of determinant factors across domains (e.g. personal, environmental and social). In order for a drug policy to be effective, the salient determinants that are specific to the community should be identified and addressed. This study aims to apply a multi-criteria framework (dynamic hierarchy process (DHP)) by surveying academic and helping professional experts in the drug sector to: (1) analytically evaluate the importance of six determinant factor domains and 24 sub-factors regarding adolescent drug involvement; and (2) identify effective policies that address the most salient determinants along the drug use continuum. By identifying the most appropriate interventions across different stages of drug involvement, the result indicates that peer-led education and support programs (relative utility values of 0.1617-0.1761), outreach programs (0.1554-0.1697) and community programs for young people (0.1505-0.1662) were considered the most preferable interventions among 19 alternatives from the stage of non-use to occasional use. Drug therapy (0.1635-0.1731) and brief interventions (0.1518-0.1631) were the most preferable options towards the end of the drug use continuum. Two drug testing and monitoring programs and three drug law enforcement interventions were found to be less preferable than the market control (do nothing) approach (0.0783-0.0909) across all seven stages along the continuum. Results of one-way repeated ANOVAs indicate a statistically significant effect of transitional change of the influence of determinants in the personal domain (F(2.7,64.134)=9.2, p<.001) and environmental domain (F(2.5,60.826)=7.677, p<.001) across the seven stages of drug involvement. The adoption of the DHP model enables experts to select the most appropriate intervention, among available alternatives, to address illicit drug use among adolescents. The results also provide information to strengthen existing policy options in Australia. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

Gabriel Wong is a PhD candidate in Criminology at the Griffith Criminology Institute. He works in the Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research (CAEPR) at the Australian National University, under the supervision of Dr. Matthew Manning. His dissertation focuses on the use of multi-criteria frameworks to analyse the determinant factors of adolescent drug involvement and evaluate the drug policy preference in Hong Kong and Australia. Gabriel’s research interests cover a wide range of topics, from adolescent drug use, policy decision making, and knowledge synthesis, to economic analysis of crime prevention, efficiency in policing, and indigenous wellbeing.




Abstracts

Penal (1) – Drug Use

37

Longitudinal Outreach Strategies in the Relocation and Street Recruitment of Latino Young Adults with Histories of Adolescent Gang Membership and Drug Use

Avelardo Valdez1, Alice Cepeda1 Kathryn Nowotny2 1 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States

2 University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, United States

This presentation will focus on two aspects of conducting street-based longitudinal research with highly marginalized gang associated Latino populations. First, we will provide practical and methodological outreach strategies for the recruitment, relocation, and retention of a community-based sample of Mexican-American young adult men and women with histories of adolescent gang affiliation. Second, we will discuss mixed methods longitudinal data collection techniques such as adapting the Natural History Interview for research with gang populations. The practical outreach strategies and data collection techniques presented were successfully implemented as part of two National Institutes of Health funded studies aimed at following up two cohorts of adolescents (male gang members and gang associated females) that were initially interviewed and re-interviewed over a 15 year period in San Antonio, Texas USA.

Findings indicate that the outreach strategies implemented are the basis for a reliable method for conducting longitudinal research among “hidden” gang and delinquent youth populations that are marginalized and hard-to-reach given either their current stigmatized behaviors (drug use and crime) or their attempt to disassociate from their previous life. Rigorous longitudinal research among gang and other delinquent groups is especially important because few studies have focused on the consequences of long-term adolescent gang involvement among serious and persistent youth offenders as they transition to adulthood. Moreover, studies that research the impact of adolescent gang membership on life course trajectories have tended to rely on samples with brief histories of gang membership (most averaging one year), school-based recruitment, and small sample sizes at follow up periods. We will share our successful attempts at overcoming some of these limitations as well as our “lessons learned” from the field.

A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

AVELARDO VALDEZ is professor in the School of Social Work and Sociology at the University of Southern California. His research focuses on the relationship between drug use and violence and related health consequences among high-risk groups such as youth and prison gang members, injecting heroin users, and emerging drug patterns in Mexico. His recent book is entitled Mexican American Girls and Gang Violence: Beyond Risk. He is recipient of federal grants from the National Institutes of Health including his most recent examining the long-term consequences of adolescent gang membership among Mexican American young men.

The need of the young drug abusers to receive vocational training

Man Ting KWOK, Chi Wai LUN

Life College - Caritas District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team – Southern, Hong Kong

We have started a 3 year project, named as the Life College since June 2013. The project aims at providing culturally sensitive vocational training for 240 young drug abusers. In Hong Kong, young

38

drug abuser can either join the youth employment and training program provided by the Labor Department or training program organized by different drug rehabilitation services. Nevertheless, there are some young drug abusers who are having different barriers to join the above services. These barriers are largely culturally issues and they include poor condition of their physical, emotional and mental status and learning difficulties. But very often, these young drug abusers are often regarded by the community as low motivated rather to admit that they are victims of these barriers.

The needs of the young drug abusers to have the opportunity to learn and receive training should not be neglected even though there are many obstacles to deliver a tailor made training to them. In fact, the vocational training is essential to the drug rehabilitation. Our past two years experiences found that, if a culturally sensitive vocational training can be developed, it can motivate the young drug abusers to start their wheel of change in their drug taking lives. Our vocational training program includes physical and psychological health program, job placement, peer support group and peer drug educator training. In this paper we will elaborate what we have done and what are the key components for developing a culturally sensitive vocational training for the young drug abusers.


Kwok has been working in Overnight Outreaching Service for Young Night Drifters for 5 years. In the past two years, she was responsible for the Life College project which is focus on young drug abusers’ vocational training and drug rehabilitation work.

Shame and guilt: Young people’s experience of illicit substance use

Dr. Sharon Leung, Prof. Victor Wong Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong

This study explores the ways in which young people are affected by the use of illicit substances. Special consideration is placed on the subjective experience and effects of shame and guilt related to drug use and young people’s methods of coping. This study is part of a larger qualitative study aiming to explore the lived experience of the stigma, shame and guilt on young people and their families with drug issues. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten adolescent substance users from four local treatment and counseling agencies. The study consisted of 8 men and 2 women, ranging from 18 to 24 years of age. Seven respondents were in treatment, two had since stopped using, while one was still regularly abusing. Topics of shame and guilt were raised and coping responses were analyzed. Shame and guilt were previously presented as negative sentiments that could be destructive and detrimental to both the physical and psychological well being of a person (Stuewig & Tangney, 2007). However, this study also found that young people did take actions to resist shame and manage guilt by developing ways to restructure their lives, rebuild self-confidence and family relationships. Practical counseling strategies and policy implications in handling shame and guilt among young substance users in treatment will be proposed. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author Sharon Leung teaches social work in Hong Kong Baptist University. Her teaching and research interests include children and family, critical youth work, family resilience, crime and delinquency, stress and mental health, drug rehabilitation and narrative practice. Her PhD thesis examined how drug use families in Hong Kong coped with stigma, resisted labeling and rebuilt their negative self-identity. Sharon has completed her narrative training at Dulwich Centre in Australia with Michael White. She is actively supporting the training, research and practice of narrative therapy in local communities.

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Abstracts

Penal (2) – Youth Delinquency – Working Approaches AC1 – LT5

Matrix Model for Outreaching Service

Keswick Wing-hung, CHUK Service Director


Traditionally, service for serving those youth at risk and young offender is focusing on the deviant behavior and their problem. The Existing Model for working with youth at risk and young offender, from assessment to intervention are targeting to problem solving and problem prevention only. Therefore, the cycle of relapse is the major challenges in the service. It is commented as problem oriented and less sustainable.

Now a Matrix Model V2, under the concept of strength based perspective, is suggested in working for youth at risk and young offender. Firstly, left ring and right ring thinking is proposed with left ring is focusing on problem solving thinking while right ring is focusing on strength based thinking. A balance is emphasized. Then a matrix for working with youth at risk and young offender is introduced. There are six domains in the matrix, Love and Care, Learning and Achievement, Network, Self Strength, Habit and Life Planning. In each domain, there are 4 levels of assessment, from Harm, Risk, Protective to Resource.

This paper will discuss how to promote the capacity building and resilience building in service for outreaching service.


Chuk has been a registered social worker for over twenty years and honorary lecturer in City University and University of Hong Kong since 2009 and 2011. Apart from rich front line and management experience in outreaching service, he has been the consultant of pilot youth outreaching project in Singapore and popular trainer in outreaching service in South East Asia. His area of specialization is juvenile delinquency and mediation.He is enthusiastic in youth work especially those related to criminal justice, "I learn every day from different clients, most of them are engaged in the triads, drugs, and illegal business, and also colleagues and the stakeholders. I wish we can have a society without stranger as youth and adult without barrier.




Abstracts

Penal (2) – Youth

Delinquency – Working

Approaches

40

Application of community based Sports training for youth crime prevention

Pui Lim CHEUNG1, Ki Ho FUNG2, Kai Chun LAU3, Yui Chi CHAUi4, Kwok Chun WONG5 1, 5 Hong Kong Children & Youth Services, Project Sinews – Overnight Outreaching Service for Young

Night Drifters, 2 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Ma On Shan Youth Outreaching Social Work

Team, 3 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Sane centre, 4 Hong Kong Children & Youth Services,

Tai Po District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team, Hong Kong

In the project of “BePe Cheerer”, it found that sport intervention can effectively enhance youth’s

resilience and build up meaning engagement to counteract undesirable influence. Especially for

unmotivated youths, playing sports provided a pressure free and supportive environment for them to

try and gain recognition. The aim of the article was to elaborate the application of sport intervention

on crime prevention for youth at risk. A multi-factorial perspective based on a criminology approach

as well as social bond theory (Hirschi. T, 1969 ) and resilience model(Henderson Nan, 1998) were

used to identify key factors in using sports training in crime prevention. Totally 499 youths joined this

program, and 205 trainers, leaders in various sectors were recruited as mentor. All youths

participated at least 8 sessions sports training such as soccer, Fitness and basketball by professional

coaches. Mixed methods were used in evaluation. In Quantitative section, all youths were invited to

answer questionnaire verbally. Furthermore, 8 youths and 3 coaches were selected to join an

interview in qualitative section. 88% youth participants either enhance resilience or establish healthy

daily life and all mentors agree street youth having positive change. In perspective of emotion control,

problem solving, life attitude and life goal, respondents had positive change. They can explore

strengths in training and volunteer service and gained care as well as concern from trainers and

mentors. A sense of belongings developed in mentor-mentee relationship.

In“BePe Cheerer”, sports participation is the main framework of the project, it found both social bond

and resilience can be enhanced by this model. Social bond and resilience are both including

belongings, involvement in activities, and the belief. These factors are relating to social control for

preventing youth crime. In conclusion, sports can be an intervention of youth crime prevention by a

multiple community approach.


Mr. Pui Lim CHEUNG has years of experience serving Youth Night Drifter and school- based drug prevention project. He obtained his Master Degree in Sport Studies from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He also qualified as Youth Football leader (Hong Kong Football Association), Trainer of Hong Kong Amateur Athletic Association and Trainer of Dodge ball Association of Hong Kong.

Animal-assisted therapy for socially withdrawn youths

Paul W.C. Wong1, Tim M.H. Li2, Rose W.M. Yu1 1 Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

2 Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University.

Young people, who seclude themselves at home, do not attend school or work, and have minimal social contact appear to be an increasingly common issue among youth in urbanized and technologically advanced societies. Some socially withdrawn youths may suffer from social anxiety while prolonged isolation can deskill socially withdrawn youths in terms of communication and

41

socialization. Previous research has shown that animal-assisted therapy (AAT) has a positive impact on individuals with social withdrawal behaviors. It is suggested that the intrinsic attributes of the nonhuman animals, in particular dogs, create a calming effect that might help to ease the anxieties of socially withdrawn youths in individual or group situations. The therapeutic function of the nonhuman animals can also facilitate cognitive and behavioral changes that supplement the working relationship between socially withdrawn youths and helping professionals. The purpose of this study was to learn about the youths’ experiences during AAT and to explore their perception of the assisted animals for within intervention engagement. We conducted unstructured individual and small group interviews with ten participants who had received AAT within three months in Hong Kong. Recordings of the interview cases were reviewed and thematic analysis was conducted. We identified two major themes: catalyst for program participation, and enhancement of therapeutic environment. The implications on outreach work will be discussed and we conclude that AAT provides an alternative model for providing social services for socially withdrawn youth who are usually difficult to identify, engage, and retain.


Paul Wong is Assistant Professor at the Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong. He is clinical psychologist by training and his research interests includes suicide prevention, depression prevention, youth development, and youth social withdrawal behaviour.

“Unusual Academy”- service for school dropouts in Hong Kong

Christine Yeuk Tip, Cheung Hong Kong Playground Association, Hong Kong

The problem of school dropouts in Hong Kong has not been new since the development of Hong Kong’s school system in 1949. Far from 1960’s, there had been concerns on the issue of school dropout in United States and United Kingdom. Researchers in the United States concluded that nationwide one in four student drops out of school (Sinclair and Ghory, 1987). In fact, dropping out has a high cost to society. President Kennedy said that “The loss of only one year’s income due to unemployment from dropout is more than the total cost of twelve years of education. Failure to improve educational performance is thus not only poor social policy; it is poor economics” (Schreiber, 1967).

In Hong Kong, the official reported dropout cases from Education Bureau (EDB) was 1,646 in the school year of 2013/2014 and this figure was always commented as under-reported by schools and only a tip of an iceberg. In view of the service need, we have been providing the “Unusual Academy”

(非常學堂) service for school dropouts since 1996 and served more than 3,000 dropouts. This is a

“Half-way Station” for the youth who are mal-adjusted to normal school life, helping them to set goal and direction of life as well as to assume a more positive manner of living through a systematic, flexible and person-centered working methodology. The ultimate goal is to facilitate the dropouts to resume meaningful engagement as re-entering school system, participating in pre-vocational training or going to work. As the major service provider for school dropouts in Hong Kong for nearly 20 years, we would like to share our service rationale, vision and mission, characteristics and needs of school dropouts in Hong Kong, our working approach and program contents, service effectiveness and feedbacks from different stakeholders in the community.

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Christine Yeuk Tip, Cheung (BA(Hons)SW; MSSc(Counselling); MSSc(General Education); Doctoral Candidate, RSW). Christine is the Chief Development Officer supervising special projects including “Unusual Academy”. She has lots of experience in working with high risk youths since 1988, particularly in working with School Dropouts for nearly 20 years since 1996. She leads the team to provide different tailor-made programs and services in response to the changing needs of School Dropouts and their significant systems. She is also supervising a team to provide Social Work Professional Service for the social workers in Mainland China. She has been invited to share her experience and practice wisdom in working with School Dropouts by different NGOs in Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and Singapore.

Outreaching Ethnic and Religious Minority: Case-Study of Hong Kong Muslim Minority studying

in Madrasah

Dr. Wai-Yip Ho Associate Professor

Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong

There has been a sharp increase of ethnic minority youth population in Hong Kong. For example, the Pakistani population has rapidly increased from 11,017 in 2001 to 18,042 in 2011. In contrast to the patterns in age groups of the other nationalities, 8,106 Pakistanis (46.98%) are below 19 years old. In the context of the substantial increase of ethnic and religious minority, this paper suggests that outreach work in Hong Kong cannot afford only working among the Chinese youth. There is an urgency to extend working among ethnic and religious minorities. Although not all ethnic Muslim youths are religious, the rising number of Hong Kong-style madrasah, where it enables new generations of Muslim youths in practising Islamic piety and preserving their own heritage identity, is one of the central sites that local social workers can outreach ethnic Muslim youths. Taking ethnic Muslim community in the context of lacking Islamic facilities as a case-study, this paper concludes that equipping social workers new literacy in ethnic and religious aspects is essential for outreaching Muslim youths in the everyday life.

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Abstracts

Penal (3) – Youth Crime and Outreach AC1 – LT6

Reducing Delinquency in East Asian Youth

Dr. Julie Anne Laser-Maira, Dr. Jennifer Boeckel University of Denver Graduate School of Social Work

Research has shown that there are a wide variety of predictors and correlates of delinquency that may act as risk or promotive factors or both (Hawkins et al., 1998; Lipsey & Derzon, 1998; Loeber & Dishion, 1983; Loeber & Stouthamer-Loeber, 1986). This paper investigated the individual and family risk and promotive factors that can hinder or help East Asian adolescents as they transition into adulthood. There are some behaviors, which are specific to the people of China, Japan and Korea, some of these can be grouped together as being influenced by a collectivist culture. Using an East Asian cultural perspective, a human ecological approach, and resiliency theory, the study was organized to better understand the development of East Asian adolescents. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were examined: the full sample was run, it was separated by gender, and then it was separated by country and then again by gender. The individual promotive factors reviewed were: autonomy, creation of a personal myth, easy temperament, emotional intelligence, humor, moral development, optimism, physical beauty, and self-efficacy. The family factors were: maternal relationship, paternal relationship, parental relationship, and parental social support. The individual risk factors reviewed were: history of physical abuse and history of sexual abuse. The family risk factors were: domestic violence, favoritism of siblings, parental depression and parents not aware of youth’s behavior. Not only does this research show which factors are predictive of delinquency; it also discusses factors that operate differently than in US, European and Australian samples to predict delinquency for Chinese, Japanese and Korean youth. Youth GO! Works!

Ms. Nancy NG Director of Central Youth Guidance Office

Ministry of Social and Family Development Singapore, Singapore Youth GO! was designed to direct the vibrant energy of youth to positive and meaningful outcome. The programme provides creative and alternative ways to outreach, assess risk and engage youths on the streets and places where they hang out. Interest based activities such as water soccer, jamming are events used to engage, build rapport and trust between the worker and client. Youth GO! was piloted in 2012 and has increased its presence from two to three districts in Singapore. To have a wider reach, apart from the three districts, Youth GO! teams could also drift to identified hotspots. From then till end 2014, the Youth GO! workers had initiated about 15,000 interactions with youths on the streets. This is a testament of the pedagogy of the programme, capabilities and flexibility of the vibrant youth workers. Evaluation is being conducted to assess the effectiveness of the programme and to examine how the outcomes of the programme have been achieved.




Abstracts

Penal (3) - Youth Crime and

Outreach

44


Nancy Ng graduated with Honors in Social Sciences from NUS. She worked as a counsellor with SAF for 6 years before pursuing her Masters in Social Work in the USA. She spent 5 years working with the Yup’ik Eskimo communities in Alaska as a school social worker. In 2005, she assumed the position of the Chief Probation Officer at MSF before being appointed as the Director of Social Welfare in 2012. Currently, she serves as the Director of Central Youth Guidance Office at MSF.

Philosophical Counselling

Kei Yan LEUNG1, Shun Man LAW2, Kai hung CHAM3, See Man KWAN4 Chi Wai MOO5 1 College of International Education of Baptist University, Hong Kong

2 Hong Kong Community College of Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 3, 4, 5 The Boys’ and Girls’ Clubs Association of Hong Kong Kwun Tong District Youth Outreaching Social

Work Team and Young Night Drifters Service (Kowloon East), Hong Kong. Many of our works for marginal youth focus on problem solving instead of concern about how to prevent them from destructive behavior. How to make them think rationally before doing destructive behavior seems is not an easy topics for our outreaching clients. However, our team found that philosophy was particularly helpful in providing new perspective for the youngsters to deepen their understanding in their issues, value, situations, or even themselves. It was observed that besides social and mental supports, marginal youth were also looking for a rational account for many issues in their lives, for instance, how to understand the power relationship between their supervisors and themselves; what is a good and appropriate romantic relationship, and the like. In view of this, our team provided a couple of philosophy activities including “philosophy cafe ,” “philosophy camp,” “philosophy movie nights.” The main bodies of these activities are the philosophy discussions. These activities are usually jointly held and facilitated by social workers and philosophy tutors, where the social workers handled the dynamics among participants, and provided sense of security for participants; and the philosopher tutors focused on guiding the discussion in a philosophical way. The philosophy employed involved different skills in argument analysis, critical thinking, and theories in practical philosophy, such as Buddhism, philosophy of love, philosophy of death, and so on. All participants were invited by their case workers, and knew that they were to engage in rational discussions during the activities. It was found that if practical philosophy could be introduced to the youth without using jargons or technical terms, marginal youth were interested in engaging in these rational discussions. From the evaluation we received, the feedbacks were positive, showing that the marginal youth found philosophical discussion interesting, and helpful in understanding their situations or issues.


Mr. LEUNG and Mr. LAW are both teaching philosophy in the community college in Hong Kong. They are both certified counselor in the American Philosophical Practitioners Association in America. They both are interesting in applying practical philosophy in daily life. Mr CHAM, Ms KWAN and Mr MOO are experienced outreaching social workers in Hong Kong. They believe practical philosophy is a very helpful and new way for the marginal youth to reflect their life in effective and constructive manner. They all work together to organize different activities using the practical philosophy so to enrich the life of our service users.

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Empowering the Abandoned and Neglected Youth of BOYS HOME

Lolita D. Pablo, Ph.D. Licensed Social Worker, Centro Escolar University, Manila

Metro Manila is one of the thickly populated cities in the Philippines. The major problems affecting the city are poor housing condition, proliferation of street children and street families, drug addiction, crimes, teenage pregnancy and other family and community problems. Despite efforts to solve these social problems, the government and other civil society groups have not been successful in minimizing, if not resolving, these problems. Consistent with the mandate of higher educational institutions in the Philippines to provide university students the opportunity to serve deprived communities and institutions, Centro Escolar University (CEU), with its major goal of developing the value of social responsibility among its students, embarked on a 5-year Community Outreach program to help the abandoned and neglected youth of the Boys Home, situated in Marikina City, Philippines.

The youth, with ages ranging from 13 to 18 years, come from different congested streets of Metro Manila. They have no homes; they sleep in the streets; they try to earn a living by selling cigarettes in the busy metropolis, engaging themselves in car watching and “barking”, and other risk-proned activities. CEU’s engagement in adopting Boys Home for its outreach program, is a commitment to assist the young boys transform themselves from carefree, unmotivated individuals to those who dream, hope and perform roles for a better future; from isolated, confused boys to those who actively participate in discovering who and where their families are for an eventual reunification with their families; and from a group of mentally and socially ill-equipped individuals to those who have explored and trained themselves for productive activities which will help them lead normal lives long after they have left Boys Home. This is the 5th year of the CEU-Boys Home partnership. The activities which focus on development of life skills and how to prepare the young boys manage themselves when they get out of the Home, are demonstrated by the boys now.


Lolita D. Pablo is holder of doctoral degree, major in Curriculum and Supervision; a masters degree holder in Social Work; and a licensed social worker. She heads the Social Work and Community Outreach Departments of Centro Escolar University. She is an administrator, professor, and researcher, who, early last year, participated in the APASWE research on the Indigenization of Social Work Education in the Philippines. She is the elected President of the National Association for Social Work Education, Inc., an organization which aims at promoting the highest standards of social work education in the Philippines; and an active member of government accrediting bodies in the field of social work.

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Abstracts

Penal (4) – Youth Gangs & Triads AC1 – LT7

Growing out the Gang: The Role of Gang Weariness in Exiting the Gang

Ms. Johanne Miller University of the West of Scotland

This presentation will introduce findings from a three year grounded study of street gangs within Glasgow. A city within the West of Scotland purported to have the highest number of gangs in Britain per 100,000 of the population. What emerged from the study was a theory of how young people grow in and out of gangs within Glasgow situated and contextualised by street culture. It will provide an overview of the methods and theory that emerged from the research. But concentration will focus on a specific element that emerged through participants discussing the processes of exiting the gang and how they began to grow weary of gang life. Gang weariness was a concept that was developed that explores the stages and processes gang members go through in exiting the gang. It will illustrate the internal and external motivations that result in young people no longer wanting to be part of the gang. This has importance for practitioners working with young people that are gang members as if they understand the triggers and motivations behind young people wanting to exit then they are able to recognise when young people are growing weary of the gang and encourage desistance from it. Survey about Illegal and At-risk Jobs among Youth-at-risk

Wilson CHAN1, Amy CHO2, Kenneth YEUNG3, Zeno LAM4, Terry KI5 & Kiki CHENG6. Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups Youth Crime Prevention Centre

The objective of this survey is to explore the phenomenon and the reasons of youth-at-risk involved in illegal or high risk jobs in Hong Kong (Sai Kung, Wong Tai Sin, Tsuen Wan, Kwai Chung, Tuen Mun and Tung Chung). Apparently, “Illegal job” refers to job which has violated the laws of Hong Kong, whereas “high risk job” refers to those jobs nature may have the opportunity of violating the laws or the working environment is harmful to youth psychologically or physcially. This survey was conducted from August to November in 2014. A total number of 151 questionnaires have been collected from youth-at-risk, aged 13-25, who had been involved in illegal or high risk jobs in the past twelve months. Results showed that the top three illegal jobs that respondents had participated were: Violence and triad related job (70%), Drug-related job (60%), and Illicit cigarette trafficking (49%). The top three high risk jobs that respondents had participated were: Security guard of entertainment place (47%), high risk loan services (33%), and high risk financial investment service (22%). Among the 151 respondents, more than 80% of them indicated that they involved in illegal or high-risk jobs because they wanted to “make easy money”. Also, 54% of them considered the “income is desirable”. Having “flexible working time” is the third main reason for them to do illegal or high-risk jobs. It is important to notice that there were actually 61% of the respondents “had considered the risk of being arrested”, however they would still participate in those illegal jobs because of the above reasons. These findings have raised the urgency of providing career counseling for youth-at-risk. It is necessary to expand their job vision and assist them to develop positive working attitude so as to prevent them from committing criminal behavior.




Abstracts

Penal (4) - Youth Gangs &

Triads

47


Mr. Wilson Man Ho CHAN is the supervisor of youth-at-risk services in The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups with 19 years of counseling experience for deviant and delinquent youth. He got his Master of Social Sciences in Criminology in University of Hong Kong, Bachelor of Social Work (Hons) & Postgraduate Diploma in Psychology in City University of Hong Kong. He is an Accredited Mediator in Hong Kong (HKMC, HKMAAL) and National Mediator in China. He got the Certificate of Commendation by the Secretary for Home Affairs in 2009.

Miss Sai Ling CHO is a registered social worker with more than 10 years working experience for delinquent youth. She got her Master of Social Sciences in Integrated Practice with Young People and Bachelor of Social Work in The University of Hong Kong. Mr. Kenneth Kin Wa YEUNG is a registered social worker with more than 7 years working experience for delinquent youth. He got his Bachelor of Social Work (Hons) in Shue Yan University.

Addressing Staff Retention in Gang Intervention Programs

Ms. Jenny West-Fagan Department of Criminology, Law and Society, University of California, Irvine

Staff turnover has been a longstanding problem faced by gang intervention programs. In a broader organizational perspective, employee retention is associated with better program implementation and outcomes, both proximate and distal. This presentation a) reviews key examples of staff turnover experienced by gang prevention and intervention programs, b) identifies the most common causes and forms of staff turnover drawn from a sample of published evaluations, and c) outlines organizational strategies for staff retention as well as a proposed avenue of future study. Particular attention will be given to the cross-national differences in gang intervention staff retention. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

The proposed presenter is Jenny West-Fagan, a third year doctoral student in the Department of Criminology at the University of California, Irvine. Ms. West-Fagan’s research is focused on street gang group dynamics and intervention programs.

Young Night Drifters’ Social Workers – Health At Risk?

Dr. Wing K. AU Head (Administration)

Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Shue Yan University

As the social change takes place in Hong Kong cosmopolitan, life pattern of people changes accordingly. 24-hour work leads to people shift their duty in 4 sessions and it direct affects the ecology of family that children and parents’ time of encountering becomes scare due to different life pattern. In the past decades, the phenomenon emerged that a lot of youth hanged around in street deep at night. As such, some surveys had been launched by 2 NGOs to understand such youth’s activities and social service intervention was eventually tailored for this group of youth. It was found

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that around 40,000 youth constantly stayed in street over the mid-night and their activities were, mainly, hanging around, wine drinking and fouling around, and chatting to each other. As their activities provoked residents’ discontent as they were disturbance that they felt annoyed with commotion in the middle of the night, the seriousness of youth night drifters issues was reflected by local indigenous leaders’ complaints.

In 2001, 18 teams of youth night drifting services were set up in Integrated Youth Centre throughout the territory under the support of the Hong Kong SAR Government. In terms of manpower, each team consisted 1 social worker In-charge and 2 social work assistants with the support of 1 vehicle for initiating the services. Under the review of 2005, the manpower of the teams was increased to not more than 5 but the geographical areas served was said to be extensive. Working with youth night drifters, workers majority work from 10PM to 6PM and their work has to cover large geographical area of a region. Workers had to continually work for 24 hours in order to fulfill the basis requirement of 44 hours work in terms of 11 sessions work a week. According to the workers, they were exhausted and found their health weaker than before and that had led to the high turnover rate due to the overnight work. Therefore, this paper is to explore workers’ health and mental conditions in their youth night drifters work. The relationship between the turnover rate and their exhaustion in youth night drifting work will also be studied as well. Besides, ways of improving their working conditions in order to protect their health and reduce the high turnover rate will be explored at the end of the paper. The Macau Outreaching Youth Service before and after Gambling Concession Granted

Sheng Kung Hui Northern District Youth Service Team, Macau

In the early years of handover, the law and order of Macau was unstable. The low tide economy contributed to the delinquent issues. In 2002, by issuing gambling concessions to three operators, Macau SAR Government ended the monopolized era of Macau gambling market. Thereafter, the entire society changed rapidly. Various gambling industry tycoons came and casinos constructions started after one another. High employment rates, population surge on expatriate employees, housing tensions and soaring of property prices impacted the tiny city. Regarding outreaching youth service started in 2000, since handover, we witnessed the change of youth needs and social impact Macau citizens faced in the past 15 years. Sheng Kung Hui Northern District Youth Service Team members, through years of frontline observation, service delivered and generalization, interpreted the youth needs in the past 15 after Macau handover. We have been supporting young people’s growth in different stages of Macau gambling industry development. We shall present our 15 years of service in 3 parts, trying to show the characteristics of those years and our service strategies, approaches and difficulties. The social change is groundbreaking, yet it indeed reflects how our social workers and youth workers respond to youth needs. And also how our youth bravely tackle and overcome their challenges.

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Abstracts

Penal (5) – Street/Club Work AC1 – LT8

Outreaching Service in Club/Upper Bar

Kam San SZETO1, lap man WAN2 1, 2 Hong Kong Playground Association, Hong Kong

Clubbing is a growing concern social phenomenon among young people in urban area. It is also one of the most popular entertainments among Young Night Drifters in Hong Kong. There were different names and forms from the Rave Parties to Discos in the 1990s to 2000s, and Upper Bars became popular since 2010. Upper bars were named because they were located in the upper floor of commercial buildings and their targets were mainly teenagers. As an overnight outreaching social work team in the city centre, Upper Bar became our service focus and pilot outreaching project were developed to engage the clients in the bars since 2011. We set up mobile service counters inside the upper bar and carried out different harm reduction programs in the theme of sex, drugs and alcohol. Thousands of teenagers have been approached and served in the last few years. Collaboration with local police force and upper bar operator has provided multiple sources of referral of needy teenagers to receive our counselling service. In this pilot service, we found difficulties but also wisdoms in practicing outreaching work in this kind of bars. We can foresee clubbing will never disappear among teenagers in Hong Kong and outreaching social work service will undoubtedly be an appropriate and effective intervention to this long lasting entertainments.


Mr. Sam Kam San, Szeto (BSSc(CUHK); MSSc(HKU), RSW). Sam is the team leader of “MINES”- Midnight Network Scheme for Young Night Drifters with lots of experience in working with high risk youths. He leads the team to design different programs and services in response to the needs of Young Night Drifters. The outreaching service in Upper Bar is the highlight of his team as it successfully establishes an intervention method in this kind of venue. Now he is also one of the consultants of the Social Work Professional Service and Training Centre in his agency.




Abstracts

Penal (5) - Street/Club

Work

50

Street Dance in Gang Work Intervention

Margaret Mei Chun MAR1, David Man Chun NG2, Vienna Sze Mei YEUNG3, Kit Sum TSE4, Jacky Wai Hang CHAN5

1, 5 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Ma On Shan Youth Outreaching Social Work Team, 2, 3, 4,

Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Tai Po District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team Definitions of gangs have evolved and changed over time. In the recent years, definitions of gangs are often given negative connotations which are those involving criminal or delinquent activities. in the context of Hong Kong, delinquency-based definition is the most common method of defining gangs. Street gangs are categorized in interest of deviant subculture, violence, and criminal activities. A number of researches have documented the interrelationship between gang membership and illegal activities. Youth may join a gang because it can fulfill their personal needs, which may include fun, security, acceptance, companionship, emotional support and sense of achievement. In our daily practice, we can find violent gang in the local district. The primary purpose of the gang is to obtain the power and associated emotional gratification (Hardy, 1996). These gangs tend to have a highly structured hierarchy of leaders and followers. In response to the above needs, we believe that “Street Dance” is very popular among teenagers and it should also be a suitable intervention means for the street gangs. In “street dance intervention”, we try to apply transformative practice, dialectical practice and subject-led practice among the youth gangs. We can see that Gangs try to reform another group structure. With new identification, they start to connect with the community and in the consciousness level, they reflect what the real power they gained is. However, from time to time, the structure of street gangs was changed due to the information technology revolution, globalization and the social structure changed rapidly. Gangs became high mobility, low sense of control over territory. In the late modernity, with risky subjectivity, we think “Dance” not only can fulfill the needs of the youth, but also as a healing tool which can help the youth to gain self-understanding, express their emotions, and even achieve their self-actualization. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

Ms. Margaret Mar joined Hong Kong Children and Youth Services for outreaching service after graduation at Hong Kong Baptist University in 1996. She got her master degree at 2003. She is now the Team Leader of a mix mode youth outreaching social work team. To share and supervise subordinates with high quality of service intervention is her daily practice. Experiencing different stages of development of outreaching services in Hong Kong, she does her best to strive different opportunities and networks for the service recipients. Together with casework approach, she believes that inter-disciplinary cooperation is vital in response to the emerging hidden youth problems.

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Narrative practice for youth gangs – band of life

Mr. Ka Fai KWONG Team Leader

The Salvation Army Chai Wan Integrated Service for Young People. When young people joining gangs, they are stigmatized by the community and consequently marginalized by the society. As the stigmatization telling people that they are not good, their relationship with parents and academic performance are poor. Then “young gang” are deprived of learning, family and school acceptance. They are then further “pushed” to engage in various illegal activities. In response to the needs and the de-labeling of them, we have adopted the “Tree of Life” and “Team of Life” which are the collective approach of Narrative Therapy. Some youth gangs in Chai Wan love music as well as band sound. By borrowing the “Tree of Life” and “Team of Life” that integrate narrative ideas into our work, we have formed “Band of Life” narrative approach working method in work with young gangs who love music and band playing. The “Band of Life” approach helped youth gangs to re-engage with the society and significant other by finding out their “Team of Life” which is the metaphor of “club of life.” They identify “guitarist” in the team of band who are the significant others. Moreover, by adopting “Tree of Life” drawing a tree as metaphor, it helps them to find their hopes and dreams and re-authorize their identity in this approach. With the reclaiming of their new identities, they re-write their life stories in lyrics that reflected their hopes and dreams. The change not only confined to personal growth, but the songs also expressed in their opinions, suggestions, critics to social policy that relate with their life stories. The “Band of Life” approach is helpful in work with youth gangs on their strength, reengage them and contribute to the community rather than label them as a problem to the society. Their life are re-authorized through the team effort in writing lyrics. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

Mr. Ka Fai Kwong (R.S.W) is the outreaching team leader of The Salvation Army Chai Wan Integrated Service for Young People. He has 5 years frontline outreaching social work experiences and he loves the ideas and values of narrative.

Reaching the Unreached

Louise Wing Man YIP Caritas Hong Kong, Hong Kong

This presentation relates to field work experiences, findings and reflections of social workers in a project providing nightclub outreach to young female workers. Nightclub industry in Hong Kong seems to be declining, but young females involve in it is more pervasive than is commonly thought. Nightclub girls are socially stigmatized and seen as something shameful, they tend to isolate themselves from the society and this has given great challenges to professionals who want to work with them. The start-up of nightclub outreach is difficult due to their sub-culture and the sensitivity of the role of social workers. The business ecology, distribution of power, language and dynamics are observed and adapted by social workers. The outreach pattern has gradually formed. Who, when and how to engage in nightclub, and the intervention out of nightclub would be shared? The characteristics and needs of these nightclub girls were also found in a research of this project. These

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girls were vulnerable to violence and exposed to verbal abuse, physical assaults and sexual violence during their work. When tracing back to their childhood, some girls had also been abused by the people in their social circle. They tended to believe that they are incapable to leave this industry. These findings implied that that the work of empowerment for this vulnerable population is extremely important not only because this could increase their ability to fight for their rights in work, but also to regain their dignity in life so as to reconnect themselves to the community.

A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author Miss Louise Wing Man, Yip received her Bachelor of Behavioral Study from University of Queensland, Australia and Master of Social Work from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. She has been an outreach social worker for more than ten years with special interest in performing art, drug and sex related issues among young people. In the past few years, her work focuses on young females who engaged into drug and sex trade industry, she aims to reach to the unreached and connect them back to the community.

On Cases and Amendments of Juvenile Justice Law in the Philippines

Randy Ban ez1, Mary Claire Calura2 1 College of Criminology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Philippines

2 Guidance and Counseling Center, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Philippines A report from the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) showed that more than 64,000 Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL) from 2001-2010 were served by the Philippine government. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has long advocated diversion, restorative justice and alternatives to custodial sentencing. However, it is only in 2006, upon the enacted of Republic Act (R.A.) 9344 did the country prove its commitment to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Adoption of restorative justice, increasing the age of criminal responsibility from nine to 15 years of age; development of psychological intervention; and adoption of a system of diversion were implemented. And in 2013, R.A. 9344 was amended by R.A. 10632 further strengthening the juvenile justice system creating ‘Bahay Pag-asa’ a 24-hour child-caring institution to provide center-based rehabilitation. This study investigated lived experiences of both the youth offender, now acknowledged as CICL and the multi-disciplinary team as implementers of intensive juvenile intervention. An in-depth case study on two (2) CICL leads to the understanding of factors contributing youth crimes; Parental conflict and separation, Socio-economic status, Delinquent friends, and School and Community influences. Accounts on their physical, moral spiritual, intellectual and social well-being were discussed. Mental health professionals, social workers and local executives were subjected to semi-structured interview to evaluate the implementation of law. Critics contested that facilities did not seem to be aligned with the shelters' mission since rehabilitation centers are housed either in police stations or jails. Recommendations for individualized plan with the child and child’s family was proposed.


Randy Ban ez obtained his AB Political Science degree and Bachelor of Laws and Letters from University of Baguio, Baguio City in 2003 and 2007 respectively and Master in Management major in Public Management from College of the Immaculate Conception, Nueva Ecija in 2015. He is presently connected to Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology (NEUST) as faculty in the College of Criminology teaching Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure subjects. He is also a member of the University Student Discipline Board.

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Abstracts

Penal (6) – Technology & Youth AC1 – G4302

An International Perspective on Outreach Work Research Dr. Shmulik Szeintuch

Lecturer School of Social Work, Sapir College, Israel.

Outreach work was formalised in the 19th century. After focusing initially on immigrants and people living in poverty, it gradually came to include many other target groups. This research reviewed the outreach and street work literature, especially in the past decade. The main aim was to give an international perspective on relevant issues such as definitions, terminology, intervention methods, target populations, and aims of this work. By shifting traditional barriers, low threshold services make more services accessible, with focus placed on times, places and approaches tailored to specific needs. Further, outreach work takes place at the ‘front’, with those who are 'hard to reach' and marginalised. Also, outreach workers - composed mainly of professionals, peers and volunteers – act as 'safe people' and 'witnesses' for the people they serve. By following specific methodology, services provided through outreach work may avoid being result-oriented, by not necessarily abiding by the rules of drafting 'objectives' and 'standards' defined in 'contracts' as part of a neoliberal welfare policy. A policy may lead to working with those who are more likely to succeed while abandoning those who are most in need. Despite its important progressive potential, however, outreach work may be perceived and (ab)used as a policing tool against a socially constructed Other. In order to make sure it is used effectively as a unifying tool that diminishes social barriers, genuine social inclusion is necessary by relevant policymaking and action on the ground, enabling those excluded from society to (re)join it. Finally, some unresolved issues arise, which merit further outreach research: work with women – both as service providers and as recipients; the way policy may be used to enhance outreach work at all levels; and the use of new media, the internet and smartphones to enhance outreach work. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

Dr. Shmulik Szeintuch is a social worker. In the past he set up and directed programmes working with homeless and drug using client groups. During his work he has come to get closely acquainted with outreach work whilst doing it hands on, mainly with young homeless drug users. In 2006 Shmulik joined the School of Social Work at Sapir College in Israel. Since then he serves there as a lecturer. Shmulik's main areas of research are outreach work, homelessness and welfare policy. Alongside his academic work Shmulik provides supervision to social workers and teams working with homeless youth in Tel Aviv.




Abstracts

Penal (6) – Technology & Youth

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Social Media in Youth Outreach: A Case Study of a Pilot Project

Dr. Chitat CHAN 1, Mr. Humphrey Hong Chung LUI 2, Mr. Stanley Chun Yu HO 3 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Polytechnic University of Hong

Kong, 2, 3 The Boys’ & Girls’ Clubs Association of Hong Kong This article reports a case study which explored the role of social media in service users’ experiences with a pilot online youth outreach project in Hong Kong. The study aimed to develop initial hypotheses about relationships between social media and intervention outcomes, which can be used for later studies, and hence help advance social work practice knowledge. Narrative episodes (N=45) from selected service users were analyzed. The findings indicated that most participants presented positive improvements over time in terms of their perceived learning outcomes as assessed by the principal workers. Intervention outcomes were associated with the communication and engagement contexts. Many peripheral social media functions, such as adding a friend or sending a short message, occupied a significant position in user narratives. This study provided initial evidence suggesting that there are relationships between intervention media and intervention outcomes. This does not mean a technological determinism, but that intervention outcomes may depend on forms of socio-technical co-evolution in which the technological processes may play just as important a role as do other social factors. Online practice has involved skills and knowledge that are not usually covered by the existing body of social work knowledge. Implications on research and practice are discussed.

Juvenile Crime Prevention by Mobile Youth Work in Europe: A holistic community-based outreach strategy to include children and youth at risk and their families.

Prof. Dr. Walther Specht University of Tu bingen, Social Work Department, Germany

Honourable Chair of the International Society for Mobile Youth Work (ISMO) The social work concept of Mobile Youth Work strives for inclusion and consists of Street Work/Outreach Work, Case Work, Group Work and Community Work. All four practical elements concentrate in one holistic approach. They must be based on a social area analysis, which is in each case different from the other. It is a practical and effective tool to reduce social problems, juvenile delinquency and gang violence under children and youth at risk. It is a tool to overcome their exclusion from society i.e. families, schools friends, neighborhoods, communities, training and employment places. In general it should be seen and used for the improvement of the living conditions especially of excluded children and youth in the context of their families. Concerning the target group’s children at risk and their families we should and can present a concept of inclusion and love. In Europe we deal with the mentioned target groups in many different ways, levels and institutions. We are concerned about children and youth – especially in eastern and south eastern European countries (Russia, Ukraine, Bela Russia) – who are excluded from formal educational systems (schools) and who have in thousands of cases to survive on the streets as drug addicts, street children, street youth, violent gang members, skinheads, punks and as members of other subculture groups in hundreds of European cities and towns. Many of them stay in total institutions, like lagers, colonies and prisons. Most of the time they come out of poor families or they can be characterized as socially excluded within their community. This focussing on children and youth does not mean, that ISMO, the International Society for Mobile Youth Work, concentrates directly on the development of practical Mobile Youth Work oriented projects within our partners activities, but on the situation how are our partners, respectively their staff in terms of qualification, skills, knowledge and competence prepared to deal with the subject of excluded children and youth. Being unemployed or being poor is a hard fact of exclusion, but being sexually abused or exploited, beaten, abandoned or physically or mentally handicapped is in no way a slighter problem and leads most of the time also to exclusion within

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families, neighbourhoods, parishes, communities or societies. Good social work must be grounded in theory and in solid quality according to the highest and most developed professional standards all over Europe, all over the globe. This must be true, although we know that here in Europe we live in a relatively rich Europe with a lot of inequality and the widespread feeling of being poor and powerless. But realising our dream for a ‘Quality of Life for all in a enlarging Europe’ begins with the exchange of best practice, the qualification of staff, counselling for our partners and regional networks we are starting to build up.

Using Technology in Youth Outreaching Services

Mr. Wilson Man-ho CHAN 1, Miss Ka-sin CHAN 2

The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, Youth Crime Prevention Centre, Hong Kong

To tackle the ever-changing problems of youth, outreach services must use interdependent,

professional treatment models and technological innovations which enhance the effectiveness of

preventive education, needs and risk assessment, and counselling. Information technology and digital

platforms are the most effective, rapid and extensive means available to reach the “internet

generation.” Therefore, the Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups (HKFYG) Youth Crime Prevention

Centre (YCPC) makes use of technology and multimedia for service delivery via social media and

social network apps in order to identify, engage and provide counselling. YouthLaw,* an integrated,

interactive website and smartphone app launched in 2012, was its first initiative. It provides

educational information (including statistics and analysis, information related to the law, legal cases

and procedure, preventive tips), news, user self-assessment tools and checklists, plus an instant help

channel enabling members of the public to gain a better understanding about youth crime, sex, drug

use and gambling. Professional can also register online as our volunteers. It uses multimedia for

educational programmes and videos on law-abiding behaviour. YCPC also creates a new Electronic

Assessment Tool which combines several professionally developed assessments and screening

questionnaires such as PHQ9, DASES, C.Ladder, MOCA, ACEIII, AIDA, GAD7. This tool enables social

workers to conduct screening and assessment via tablets and mobile apps thus enhancing the

motivation of youth to be assessed and receive immediate results while reducing the time and cost of

data entry and increasing the accuracy of the outcome report.


Miss Ka Sin Chan is the Youth Work Officer of Youth at Risk Services in The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups and the Principal Worker of Youth Law. She got her M.Soc.Sci. in Social Service Management at the University of Hong Kong, Bachelor of Social Work at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University with 14 years of counseling experience for deviant and delinquent youth.

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Abstracts

Penal (7) – Youth Sex AC1 – B4302

Adolescent Pregnancy and Risk Behaviours in South Africa

Andrew Amos Channon1, Busi Mkwananzi2, Nicole de Wet2, Cheryl Chui3, Jacqueline Moodley4

1 University of Southampton, UK, 2 University of Witwatersrand, South Africa, 3 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 4 University of Johannesburg, South Africa

Previous research has indicated that there may be limited risk perception about the consequences of sexual intercourse amongst adolescents in South Africa. This paper studies the factors associated with teenage pregnancy amongst a cohort of adolescent females in Cape Town using the Cape Area Panel Survey, with a focus on risk taking behaviours. Using a conceptual framework of youth risk interpretation, which takes into account both socio-cultural influences, and rational decision-making approach to understanding risks, it is hypothesised that adolescents who display general risk-taking behaviours are more likely to become pregnant. Using random effects models, the results indicate that adolescents who display risky behaviour (e.g. alcohol and cigarettes consumption) were more likely to have had first sexual intercourse between waves at all ages. Younger adolescents who took risks were more likely to become pregnant, although this was not seen for older adolescents. These results indicate that risk-taking behaviours are related to pregnancy, although the age at which these behaviours occur are an important determinant.


Dr. Cheryl Chui holds a BA in International Development Studies from McGill University and a PhD from the University of Hong Kong. She is currently a post-doctoral fellow at the Department of Social Work and Social Administration, the University of Hong Kong. Her research interests are in the areas of child welfare, well-being and protection, and civil society.

Outreach Street Work Project: Providing Sex Education for At-risk-youth in Street

Simmy Sin Man YEUNG1, Wing Hong CHAN2, Kai Ping LAW3, Ray Chi Hung HUI4 1 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, CLAP For Youth @ JC─ Career and Life Adventure Planning,

2, 3 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Tai Po District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team, 4 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Project Sinews─Overnight Outreaching Service for Young

Night Drifters According to the statistics provided by the Family Planning Association of Hong Kong, there were about 600 girls per year, who are under 16-year-old and unmarried, took lawful termination of pregnancy from 2010 to 2012. The data does not include the” illegal abortions’. This shocking finding revealed “teenage abortion” is happening every day. The vague sexuality knowledge and “confused and unequal” relationship among teenage contribute to the core element of the problem.




Abstracts

Penal (7) - Youth Sex

57

Traditionally, males usually own more authority than females. “Kissing U Sex Education Programme” based on Empowerment Model. Empowerment occurs when individuals feel they have the capacity to solve problem, control the means to do so, and as a group have authoritative say in decision making (Perkin, 1995). Empowered individuals are willing and able to assert their collective wills to “gain control over their lives” (Perkin and Zimerman, 1995). The aim of “KissingU” encourages teenage girls to develop their self-independence and facilitates teenage boys to respect the others. It is hoped that “KissingU” can enhance the youth-at-risk to have autonomy and gain control over their lives in sexuality, and also empower them to stay safe from vague sexuality misunderstanding, reduce their risk of sexually transmissible infections and prevent an unplanned pregnancy. Those youth-at-risk are used to loitering on the street. The street would become their comfort zone. Therefore, workers will train the university students to approach the youth on the street. Acting as the peer counselors, the trained volunteers would reach out prominent spots, where young people usually hang out, and provide on-the-spot activities and chatting with our service targets. Meanwhile, the trained volunteers are also inspired to understand the actual needs of the youth-at-risk and explore the underlying reasons behind their behavioral problems. Both the youth and the trained volunteers are empowered to take positive and proactive stance in sex education prevention strategy.


Ms. Simmy YEUNG has joined the outreaching service of Hong Kong Children and Youth Services after graduated at Hong Kong Shue Yan University in 2005. She mainly deals with those problem of youth-at-risk including crisis intervention, emotional problems, drug and sex education etc. Ms. Yeung was one of the speakers in Mainland, Hong Kong and Macau Conference on Prevention of Drug Abuse 2013. She has the qualification of International Certified Addiction Counselor ─ Basic Level, Supervision Group on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. She is now attending the training of Certified Global Career Development Facilitator Programme (GCDF).

Exploration of Adolescents’ Sexual Exploitation in Tanzania from the Perspectives of Teachers & Social Welfare Offices

Budeba Petro MLYAKADO City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

Sexual exploitation of young people in Tanzania that has existed for decades now has aroused the public concerns. Nevertheless, there is no systematic empirical study to examine the stakeholders’ view toward this issue. This presentation is based on eight focus group discussions (N = 35) with teachers and/or school counsellors and social welfare officers in Tanzania to depict a comprehensive picture of this phenomenon as well as to generate some insights for having relevant policy and practices. The qualitative data of this study indicate that stakeholders in this study perceived that young people in Tanzania are actively involving in sexual activities and do not think or realise that they are sexually exploited. They involve in sexual activities in an inter-generational continuum and the sexual activities in most cases are characterised by multiple sexual partnerships. Lust for material things as the fashion of modernity is the most deriving force as the reality goes that most young people lack economic opportunities to meet their demands or needs. Their involvement in these sexual activities results into poor academic performance, school dropouts, and/or pregnancy. These problems lead to their involvements in sexual activities being detected by parents or teachers; and some cases are being reported agencies like social welfare department. We suggest that, prevention and protection of young people’s sexual exploitation in Tanzania should be addressed from socio-cultural and socio- economic bases.

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Mr. Budeba Petro Mlyakado is a PhD research student at City University of Hong Kong, Department of Applied Social Sciences. He has a bachelor degree in education, Bachelor of Education with Arts, and a master degree social psychology, Master of Arts in Applied Social Psychology. His current research is on adolescents’ help seeking for sexual exploitation. Budeba is interested in ‘Child and Adolescent Welfare’.

Sexual Prejudice and Institutional Barriers: Social Service Accessibility of Sexual Minority Youth in Hong Kong

Diana K. KWOK Assistant Professor, RSW, Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong SAR, China

Research background: Sexual prejudice experienced by sexual minority (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning/queer-LGBQ) youth within social services is a global and regional concern. A survey conducted by the Hong Kong Government revealed that sexual minority youth are perceived as receiving the highest rate of discrimination. Comparing with some North American and European cities, where law and policies have been established to protect sexual minorities, sexual prejudice against sexual minorities has not been prohibited by law and equal opportunity policy in Hong Kong. Although overseas studies confirm that sexual minority youth experience high rates of mental health difficulties due to sexual prejudice, social service use among them is unreasonably low. Very limited research has been conducted to examine the service accessibility for sexual minority youth, and none has been conducted in East Asian societies.

Aims/objectives: The presentation is part of the larger project on sexual prejudice experienced by sexual minorities. This specific presentation focuses on understanding sexual minorities’ barriers to access social services in Hong Kong using phenomenological qualitative research strategies.

Results: Sexual minorities, school teachers, and helping professionals in educational and social service settings are recruited to participate in in-depth individual and focus-group semi-structured interviews. This presentation only attends to barriers to access youth services, as perceived by a sample of sexual minority informants. The preliminary result indicates an emergent theme of sexual prejudice manifested at institutional level while the sexual minorities access social services. The following types of service accessibility barriers are identified by the informants: policy-related, agency-related, and professional-related. Implications for future research and limitation of the study are discussed.


Diana, K. Kwok, EdD, MSW, RSW, Assistant Professor of the Department of Special Education and Counselling, Hong Kong Institute of Education. Diana Kwok renders sexuality education and sexual diversity training to pre-service and in-service teachers and social work students in tertiary institutions. She conducts research on sexual prejudice experienced by LGBQ and transgender people, especially in education and social service settings. She is a member of the Ethics Committee of the Hong Kong Social Workers’ Registration Board, and Professional Training Committee of the Hong Kong Social Workers’ Association.

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Abstracts

Penal (8) – Youth Gangs & Subculture AC1 – G4701

From Youth Gangs to Organised Crime Groups: the ‘Career Paths’ of English Gang Members

Mr. Dev Maitra PhD Candidate at the Institute of Criminology

University of Cambridge, U.K The aim of this presentation is to deliver an overview of youth gang membership in a city in the North of England, articulating the activities and ‘criminal careers’ of its members. A qualitative methodology was used to gather the findings which are included in this presentation: this included interviews with gang-affiliated prisoners, prison officers and ethnographic fieldwork conducted over two years in an English prison and its surrounding communities. Although the study initially focused on ‘prison gangs’, it soon became apparent that well-defined, rigidly structured gangs were not the only criminal groups operating at the sample-sites. Rather, gangs worked alongside – and at times merged – with other amorphous groups, cliques and ‘sets’ of criminals; this was true both in prison and on the streets The resulting situation was one where established gangs formed loose allegiances with less criminally experienced groups. Moreover, there were particular geographical locations where youth street gang members operated under the aegises of organised crime groups (‘OCGs’). In these deprived areas, youth street gangs and OCGs were not only seen as viable alternatives to gainful employment, but their activities were are often sanctioned by the communities within which they are based. Through an alternative set of social norms – residents not informing the police about criminal activities, and gangs offering informal protection to businesses and residents in the area – a symbiotic relationship existed between these communities and OCGs. Subsequently, a high level of violence was normalised within such communities, including heightened levels of weapon usage. These norms were transposed – and in many cases solidified – within prison. For youth street gang members, progression to an OCG was seen as a normal, and indeed desirable, part of life. This was facilitated through the older OCG members recruiting from the area’s street gangs, and sustaining these gang-based relationships within prison. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

Dev is a PhD Candidate at the Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge In 2012 he began his MPhil in Criminological Research at the Institute of Criminology on an ESRC 1+3 studentship; he completed his MPhil in 2013. Dev's MPhil thesis, titled 'Gangs Behind Bars: Fact or Fiction?' was a qualitative study of English prison gangs, exploring the links between gangs in prison and their street counterparts. Dev's PhD research continues to study prison gangs in England, with a particular focus on the development of street gang allegiances within prison, and the effects of race and religion on prisoner groupings.




Abstracts

Penal (8) - Youth Gangs &

Subculture

60

Profile of Youth Gang Members, Causes and Effects of their Activities in Tagbilaran City

Joesil Dianne C. Sempron 1, Reina Rose Amor T. Galo 2

1, 2 University of Bohol, City of Tagbilaran, Bohol, Philippines The problems of youth in modern society are both local and an international concern. One of the most alarming issues the world faces today is the existence of youth gangs—and what they do once they become a part of it. This study deals with youth gangs in Tagbilaran City, Bohol, Philippines. It focuses on the children who are a.) out-of-school; and b.) in-of-school. Particularly, the proponents gathered 81 respondents who is a member of any gang in the city between the ages of 10 to 18 years old. It seeks to explore the gang member’s reasons why he/she opted to join such gang, the activities of the gang and its effects. This study is significant because it determines the damage caused by the perpetrators to the victims and its adverse effects in the community. This study utilizes the quantitative approach through the distribution of questionnaires to the respondents. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

Joesil Dianne Sempron is a 3rd Year College Student from the University of Bohol taking up Bachelor of Science in Criminology. She is 18 years old, lives in Baclayon, a historic town next to Tagbilaran City, Bohol.

Street outreach to at-risk youths in high-density public housing estates: Lessons from Singapore

Dr. Kok Hoe NG Assistant Professor

Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore Outreach services for at-risk youths typically follow one of two possible service models. First, they may operate in small, specific localities, such as street corners, targeting deep intervention with pre-identified groups of youths known to be at risk. Street outreach programmes that aim to disrupt gang-related violence in inner-city areas are one example. Alternatively, they may bring simple – normally public health – services to many different areas and aim to reach as many young people as possible. An example is health testing in mobile clinics. This dichotomy reflects the unavoidable trade-off between sustained engagement with a small, high-risk client population, and brief, upstream interventions with a large diverse population.

In 2012, Singapore launched a pilot of a street outreach programme that aimed to accomplish both objectives. Two outreach teams were sent out to cover two districts which contained roughly 40% of the national population. The strategy was to reach as many youths as possible through street outreach in high-density public housing estates and, in the process, identify individuals with more serious risks for follow-up through one-to-one intervention. This study discusses the challenges encountered during the pilot, both for practice and for evaluation; presents evaluation findings based on the first two years of operations; and assesses the feasibility of such a blended service model. The lessons learnt in Singapore may have applications in other large, densely populated urban settings.

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Dr. Kok Hoe NG is Assistant Professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore. He received his PhD in social policy from the London School of Economics and Political Science. His research interests include social security, population ageing, welfare regimes, and social service evaluation. He is currently commissioned by the Ministry of Social and Family Development to conduct an evaluation of a pilot street outreach programme for at-risk youths.

Muddling-through the school life: deviant student subculture in China

Lucia Lin LIU The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

The past two decades have witnessed rising concern over youth problems in China against the background of China’s rapid economic development and acute social transformation. The unprecedented levels of juvenile delinquency, internet addiction, and school bullying among young people, and endless complaints by teachers that students are becoming increasingly unmanageable present an image of a troubled generation of youth. In view of this phenomenon, social scientists in China have started to turn their attention to troubled young people. Subcultural research is a prominent way to obtain an in-depth understanding of the real lives of young people (Hall & Jefferson, 2006). In recent years, the concept of subculture has been fiercely criticized, with some scholars even claiming that it is no longer relevant in a multi-cultural world (Muggleton, 2000; Chaney, 2004; Stahl, 2004). However, the present author argues that through revisiting the Chicago School tradition and reconceptualizing subculture on the basis of acknowledging its limitations and potential, subculture theory remains applicable in the context of contemporary China. Through an eight-month ethnographic study of a group of deviant students in a secondary school in urban China, the author contends that the subculture of these young people from lower-class backgrounds is a means to negotiate their space and power in a failing school system situated in a drastically transforming society full of diversified yet often conflicting values. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

Dr. Lucia Liu obtained her Master in Sociology of Education from Beijing Normal University and PhD from the University of Hong Kong. Her research interests include youth deviant behavior, youth subculture and sociology of education. She is keen to reveal how social divisions such as class, gender, race, ethnicity and age affect young people’s life chances and how youths with cumulative disadvantages perceive and react to the structural and cultural constraints of social systems in the context of contemporary China. She has published several papers on her ethnographic research on a group of deviant students in an urban city of China.

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Bullied and Ostracized Children of Transnational Families: Implications on School and Community-based Policing

Mary Claire Calura1, Randy Ban ez2

1 Guidance and Counseling Center, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Philippines, 2

College of Criminology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Philippines

Ostracism researches demonstrated devastating behavioral and psychological consequences for the

target. These effects however may be more pronounced in vulnerable populations. Children of

Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) left in the care of other relatives or non-relatives are bullied in

school and excluded and ignored at home. In most cases, children of transnational families where one

or both parents are migrant workers are left in self-care. Self-care ability appeared a necessity but it

may also cause potential negative impact on a child’s development. First phase of the study examined

the association between self-care, self-esteem and academic self-efficacy. OFW children were

interviewed to differentiate ostracized (n=42) and non-ostracized (n=63) groups. Selection were

made through reported deficiency on needs for belongingness, control, self-esteem and meaningful

existence. Participants aged 8 to 12 years completed questionnaires which were all written in Filipino

language. Predicted positive association between self-care and self-esteem were supported but not

with academic self-efficacy. Compared with the non-ostracized group, ostracized children had

significant lower levels of self-care and self-esteem. Quality of care-giving can affect self-esteem,

therefore an intervention is needed to enhance children’s self-worth. Second phase of the study

investigated the effect of a self-esteem enhancement program involving guardians and peers. Of the

one hundred five self-care participants, 18 ostracized children participated in the 16-session support

program. Results revealed statistical differences in the scores after the intervention. This paper is a

call for collective action which primary advocates development and implementation of school and

community-based policies to foster children’s well-being.


Mary Claire Calura obtained her BS Psychology from Saint Louis University, Baguio City in 2010 and

MA in Guidance and Counseling from the University of Santo Tomas, Manila in 2013. She joined the

College of Criminology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology (NEUST) in 2010 and was

later designated as Guidance Counselor and Gender and Development Focal Point. She is currently

enrolled in a Bachelor of Laws and Letters degree at the Wesleyan University-Philippines, Nueva Ecija

from where she takes interest in school and community policing.

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Abstracts

Penal (9) – Drugs – Working Approaches AC1 – LT11

“Starry Journey @ Narra Drama –An application of Narrative Approach in the work with high risk youth and youth with drug use

Mr. Irving Alfred BALEROS Social worker, North District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team

Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hong Kong ‘Drug abuse’ has long been one of the prevailing problems in Hong Kong. The formulation of drug policy is headed by the Narcotics Division of the Security Bureau, unlike other countries which would perceive ‘Drug issue’ as a public health issue; drug policy was viewed as a security issue. It would definitely exert an influence (mainly negative one) on constructing the public’s perception on the persons with drug use. As a result, negative labels like ‘Useless’, ‘Stupid’, ‘Rubbish’, ‘Criminal’ etc. would be frequently used to describe Youth with drug use. Narrative approaches hold that identity is chiefly shaped by narratives orstories, whether uniquely personal or culturally general. The public’s discourse of ‘drug use’ mentioned above would definitely have impact on the identity shaping of youth with drug use. Identity conclusions and performances that are problematic for individuals or groups signify the dominance of a problem-saturated story and so people suffer. A central goal of narrative therapy is to help a client move away from the problem saturated story by discovering their beautiful stories which are implicit in life history.

In the presentation, an application of Narrative Approach in the work with high risk youth and youth with drug use would be shared. The presenter would share the experiences from a program named ‘Starry Journey @ Narra Drama’. In the program, youth with drug use would be guided to explore on the ‘plot’ apart from the problem saturated story and look for unique outcomes. These unique outcomes are times when a client resisted the problem. They serve as a point of access for a new, more complete narrative that includes strengths and successes rather than remaining exclusively focused on weaknesses and failures. Once they realized the alternative story plot and their knowledge and skills, their preferred identity would be thickened through the processof outsider witnesses, both in group and through the Narra Drama. After the program, significance changes were found from the participants.


Mr. Baleors Irving Alfred has been working in Youth Outreaching Services for more than 10 years. Irving is now attending Master of Social Work (Mental Health) in the Hong Kong Polytechnic University and received his B.S.W from the University of Hong Kong. Besides, he has been attending clinical group of Professor Yip Kam Shing for seven years to equip himself in his work with youth with drug use. He is enthusiastic in Youth Outreaching Work especially working with youth with drug use. He has organized and coordinated different innovative projects and has shared his experiences with different professionals, social workers and social work students.




Abstracts

Penal (9) - Drugs – Working

Approaches

64

Adopting the Practice of Mindfulness to Ex-substance Abusers for Relapse Prevention

Ting Ting CHENG1, Joseph Min Man, HUI2

1, 2 Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Sane Centre, Hong Kong SANE Centre provides community-based drug treatment and rehabilitation services to psychotropic substance abusers and Ex-substance abusers with multi-level social work interventions. We also have the outreaching and crisis intervention service and preventive programs to address youth psychotropic substance abuse problem for build up a supportive, caring and healthy community to the youth and service recipient. Most treatment models for substance abuse focuses on managing the triggers driven by negative emotions and cravings, however the relapse rate is still higher. Hence, inspired by the effectiveness of Mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) to substance craving, we adopted the practice of mindfulness for ex-substance abusers (users) from relapse prevention. The effectiveness was very encouraging and positive to reduce substance craving. Kabat-Zinn defines mindfulness as “paying attention in a particular way; on purpose to the present moment, and non-judgmentally”. Mindfulness encourages awareness and acceptance of thoughts, feelings and bodily sensations as they arise moment by moment, breath by breath. In facing substance craving, an individual neither clinging to positive nor avoiding from negative states, they might try to attend to the ebb and flow of present internal experience triggered by craving. In our case and group works, workers practiced mindfulness with users such as mindful-sitting, breathing, eating and yoga, etc. to help them observe how their cravings arose and disappeared, and how they could manage the emotional or physical states that might provoke them to relapse. With the practice of mindfulness, they feedback that they understood more the underlying needs behind cravings and could be more mindful to stay with the unpleasant experience that triggered to relapse. They are more capable of handling personal emotions and difficulties effectively. With the improvement of inter-personal relationships, sense of self-efficacy and life meaning, they are more confident to prevent them from relapse. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

Ms. Ting Ting CHENG obtained rich experience in case work and group work approach in Counselling Centre for Psychotropic Substance Abusers. Addressing the weak family tie of abusers’ family, Ms. Cheng actively engaged the services target and started family support service for drug abusers’ family by the application of Bowen family therapy. She has continuously enhanced knowledge on counselling and acquired different certificates: Certificate on Crisis Intervention, Satir Model Counselling Course-Individual, Couple Counselling and Family Reconstruction. In 2013, she had been invited to be the guest speaker of the Conference National Drug Prevention Treatment and Toxic Dependence 2013.

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Motivational Interviewing in Youth Outreach

Mr. Nick, TSE1234, Prof. Samson TSE5

1The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hong Kong, Enlighten Centre, 2Member of the Motivational Interviewing Network of Trainers (MINT), International, 3Vice-Chairman of the Chinese Association of

Motivational Interviewing (CAMI), Hong Kong, 4Doctoral Candidate, Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, 5Professor of Mental

Health, Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong.

1The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hong Kong, Enlighten Centre, 2Member of the Motivational Interviewing Network of Trainers (MINT), International, 3Vice-Chairman of the Chinese Association of Motivational Interviewing (CAMI), Hong Kong, 4Doctoral Candidate, Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, 5Professor of Mental Health, Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong.

Motivational Interviewing (MI) is an evidence-based counselling approach to help people change. By integration of a person-centered, goal-directed and guiding conversation style, MI intends to elicit clients’ intrinsic motivation to change with the atmosphere of acceptance and compassion. MI originates from treating substance abuse, and further extended to other clinical settings, including health care settings, criminal justice system, correctional and education. After 30 years of development, MI has spread widely across many countries and regions all over the world. In Hong Kong, MI has been used to deal with substance abuse problems in both youth outreaching teams and drug counselling centres. Incorporating MI into working with outreach youths is a good fit. During outreach youths’ stage of turmoil, it is a time of establishing self-identify, seeking love, and striving for peer acceptance and recognition. Unique challenges and opportunities confront adolescents and young adults, who are curiously exploring the world and may have an inclination to indulge in risky behaviour including triad activities, unprotected sex substance use, etc. Developmentally, they are struggling to develop self-image, gain control of their life and make their own decisions. In order to engage with outreach youths and motivate them toward change, the underlying spirit of MI with client-centered interviewing skills are the fundamental and crucial elements when working with young people while creating an atmosphere with partnership, acceptance, evocation and compassion during the process of conversation. In this presentation, the speaker will keep you up-to-date on the new developments of MI, clarify what MI is not, explain why MI fits work with outreach youths well, and identify the research gaps and further application of MI with outreach youths.


Mr. Nick, Ka-wo TSE is a Development Officer and Senior Social Worker at The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hong Kong, Enlighten Centre. He obtained his master of science in addiction studies from the International Programme of Addiction Studies at King’s College London and is pursuing his further study at Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong. In recent years, he has dedicated himself to promoting the application of motivational interviewing in Hong Kong. He is also a founding member and vice-chairman of the Chinese Association of Motivational Interviewing (CAMI) and a Member of the Motivational Interviewing Network of Trainers (MINT).

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Dealing with youth drug abuse problem with Chinese Medicine

Wai-leuk CHOI 1, Dennis AU 2, Ming-chak LUK 3, Ka-yu WONG 4, Pak-hong LAU 5 1 Hong Kong Children & Youth Services, Tai Po District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team, 2

Conduct Chinese Medicine Clinic, Hong Kong, 3 Hong Kong Children & Youth Services, School Supportive Services, 4, 5 Hong Kong Children & Youth Services, Project Sinews – Overnight

Outreaching Service for Young Night Drifters.

Both physically deficit and psychological craving are the focuses on treatment strategy for the youth with drug problem, for the sake of maximizing the effectiveness of intervention, medical-social approach has been prevailed in drug treatment and rehabilitation for decades in Hong Kong. For example, the setting up of Methadone clinics, substance abuse clinics at hospitals, andthe provision of registered psychiatric nurse in every Counselling Centre for Psychotropic Substance Abusers (CCPSAs). Such approach is undoubtedly providing proactive and caring function while the abusers are motivated to change. In recent years, Chinese Medicine practitioners have played a participating role on the issue of drug treatment, especially the one who are being at maintenance stage but suffering certain withdrawal symptoms at the same time. Some of the young people reported that herbal medicine or acupuncture treatment could help to relieve their sufferings of insomnia or pain diseases. Moreover, it is found that the philosophy of treatment strategy in Chinese Medicine and humanistic approach in Social work coincide. Both adopts a holistic approach to intervening human diseases and personal dysfunctions, of which the human has not been strong enough to prevent the disease (problem) invade into one’s body and life. However, in the cultural perspective, the diagnostic method of Chinese medicine is comparatively attractive to young people. By using inspection , auscultation and olfaction , inquiry and palpation, the life habit and health quality of the young people have been revealed. These treatment experiences were reported to be new to the youth and cause them eager to follow the treatment plan. Yet, it has not had any literature support the manifesto. In this paper, by collaborating with Conduct Chinese Medicine Clinic, we tried to examine the factors that the medical-social model with Chinese medicine motivates young people with drug addiction to change.


Mr. Wai-leuk CHOI has experiences in outreaching youth work, drug abuse counseling, volunteer

training on youth sexuality and managing treatment and prevention project of Beat Drug Fund. He is

an accredited trainer of the course of Mental Health First-Aid and a Certificated Addiction Counselor,

Level II (CAC II). In 2009 and 2011, he presented papers and conducted seminars in the National Drug

Abuse Prevention and Treatment Conference. He has provided certificate course on mental health to

public and drugs intervention skills for professionals such as psychiatric nurses, medical practitioners

of North District Hospital and The Hong Kong Medical Association.

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Just say no? Who helps and who hinders teen’s drug refusal attitude

Dr. Shimin Zhu1 & Prof. Samson Tse1

1 Department of Social Work & Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong Background and aim. The ability and the attitude of drug resisting are important for adolescent drug prevention. Resisting attitude toward drug use and the refusal self-efficacy to drug are two protective factors of adolescents’ experimental drug use. The relationship among parental support, peer influence (interpersonal factor) and children’s attitude and refusal self-efficacy to drug use (intrapersonal constructs) have not been studied. Method. The current study examined this relationship in an anonymous survey to 3,078 Hong Kong Chinese secondary school students aged 12-20 in their classroom. Parental emotional and pragmatic support, peer influences, resisting attitude toward drug use, refusal self-efficacy and self-esteem were measured. Data were analyzed with hierarchical regression. Results. It is found that parental pragmatic support consistently predicted resisting attitude and refusal self-efficacy while socio-emotional support did not have the predicting power when self-esteem and negative peer influences were included in the model. A model of the interplay among parental support, negative peer influence and self-esteem and drug resisting was proposed and tested with SEM. Results showed that the effect of pragmatic support and negative peer influence on drug resisting were partly mediated by self-esteem, while the effect of socio-emotional support was completely mediated by self-esteem. Conclusion and implications The results of this study enrich the understanding of interpersonal factors and intrapersonal factor that may be central to the drug resisting of adolescent and identify a specific target for intervention work. Given the significant effects of self-esteem on drug resisting, this study suggests that this mediating variable may serve as an intervention tool to increase drug resisting in young people. The results imply that parents, teachers and clinicians can help young people to foster their drug resisting attitude and efficacy by increasing their self-esteem. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

I am a Post-doctoral Fellow at the Department of Social Work and Social Administration at HKU. I have a major research interest in positive youth development focusing on adolescents’ view of future and the potential parental and psychological influences that foster adolescents’ confidence towards future and channel their effort towards or away productive actions. I also study adolescents who use illicit drugs (Tse, Zhu, et al., 2015), what helps and hinders adolescents’ refusal attitude to drug use (Zhu et al., under preparation) and how motivational interviewing benefits adolescents with illicit drug use with meta-analysis (Li, Zhu,et al, under review by Addiction).

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Abstracts

Penal (10) – Youth Violence AC1 – G4702

An Empirical Study of Risk Factors for Youth Violence and Social Work Intervention for At-risk Youth in Hong Kong

Mr. Elvis Fong Wing NG 1, Ms. Anna Wai Na NG 2, Prof. Eric CHUI 3 1, 2 Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, Youth Crime Prevention Centre, Tsuen Wan & Kwai Chung

Outreaching Social Work Team, 3 Applied Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong Youth violence has been a major concern amongst the outreach social workers in Hong Kong. According to the police arrest data, violent offending represents a significant proportion of the overall youth crime rate in the past few decades. There is evidence to demonstrate the relationship between violence and youth gang and triad-related activities. According to the cycle of violence, youngsters who commit violent behavior such as assault and cyberbullying are likely to report their past experience of being victimized or witnessing violence in their home or school environment. In order to prevent and reduce the risks of youth violence and participation in gang membership, youths who are of serious risks of violence should be identified earlier, and so that appropriate early intervention programmes should be made available to them to reduce the risk of youth violence and even to prevent them from further escalating the level of violence behavior. Therefore, it is vital to identify those young people who are at-risk of violence as early as possible, and then effective social work intervention should be delivered to them or even their families. In this presentation, findings of a recent study on risk factors of and intervention for youth violence will be reported. This study has been conducted by The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups and the Applied Social Sciences at City University of Hong Kong since end of 2014. Firstly, based upon a sample of at-risk and school samples, factors related to youth violence will be discussed. The characteristics of youths who have engaged in various forms of violent behavior will also be discussed. Secondly, counselling packages for young people who poses medium risk and high risk of violence will be introduced with reference to the research findings. These packages are primarily based on cognitive therapy that aims to address to those factors contributing to the youth street violence. Various assessment tools for early identification, intervention protocol, and common automatic thoughts among violent youths will be highlighted with the use of illustrative case examples.


Mr. Elvis Ng has been a registered social worker for five years in Youth Night drifters and District Outreaching Services. His major work includes planning of service direction and counselling methods of tacking youth gang, youth violence and the family work. He is interested in integration between Cognitive Behavior Therapy and family work for youth gangs and violent youth. He has been participated in the research in tackling youth gangs by using Cognitive Behavior Therapy with Prof. Daniel WONG and collaborated in conducting the study on intervention in youth violence with Prof. Eric CHUI, the City University of Hong Kong.




Abstracts

Penal (10) – Youth Violence

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Preventing Youth Dating Violence: A preliminary study on developing the scope of outreaching and crisis management in Hong Kong

Louis W.Y. MOK¹, Kary K.Y. WONG² ¹Community College of City University, Hong Kong

²City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Dating violence has been regarded as one of the alarming issues for both social welfare as well as law enforcement practitioners in the fields of social work and criminology. Similar to family violence, dating violence might bring traumatic harm to couples and even destroy their intimate relationship significantly. Many studies reveal that the dating violence among couples was seen as a hidden problem and hard to be discovered. The special nature of outreach work may provide a glimpse for workers to engage with potential clients and provide at-the-spot intervention. Yet, neither the prevalence nor the prevention strategies on youth dating violence have extensively been explored within the local context. This paper is going to investigate the potentials for continuously developing the scope of outreach work and its corresponding crisis management strategies to cope with the youth dating violence in Hong Kong. By comparing and contrasting different overseas outreaching models, the capacities for localizing the outreach models and practices will be examined. Besides, preliminary findings from the in-depth interviews with local social welfare practitioners (workers from the District Youth Outreaching Social Work Services & the Overnight Outreaching Service for Young Night Drifters) will be supplemented to the proposed model for further advancing the scope of doing outreach work to prevent youth dating violence in Hong Kong.


Dr. Louis W.Y. MOK obtained his PhD from City University of Hong Kong. He joined the Division of Social Sciences, Community College of City University as a lecturer in 2013. He was awarded the “Sir Edward Youde Memorial Fellowships for Postgraduate Research Students” in 2011, “Outstanding Academic Performance Award for Research Degree” and the “Chow Yei Ching School of Graduate Studies Research Tuition Scholarship” from the university for three consecutive years from 2009-2012 during his PhD study. His research areas include restorative justice, domestic violence and juvenile delinquency. He participated actively in both local and overseas research on Chinese communities regarding to the use of restorative approach to combat the problem of domestic violence and published some journal articles and book chapters in the field of criminology.

“She hit me first so I smashed her back” - Outreach Through Ethnographic Research Among Violent Girls

Dr Donna Swift Principal Academic Staff Member, Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, New Zealand

Ethnographic research serves as a fundamental component of social service outreach work, as it opens doors to deeper understanding, values the voices of the participants, and builds the foundations for relationships that are necessary for effective intervention. In New Zealand, girls’ involvement in violent and anti-social behavior is a profound concern for school staff, social agencies and justice services. The key to effective intervention requires comprehending the dynamics behind girl fighting. To this end, The Girls’ Project (Swift, 2011) and the Girls of Concern Study (Swift, 2014) were undertaken. These ethnographic investigations, with 12 to 18 years-old girls, utilized in-depth

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interviews with 104 girls referred by authorities because of their use of violent and anti-social behavior, and 60 focus groups of naturally forming clusters of girls. As well, 1700 girls in first and second year of high school completed questionnaires. This research was carried out in the Tasman Region, New Zealand’s largest policing district.

The strength of ethnography lies in its ability to collect thorough or rich description that gives rise to profound insights. The qualitative findings depicted life within the chaotic homes of girls who live with violence as their reality. Entangled in this complexity, girls became both victims and perpetrators of violence. Their behavior existed along a continuum of intensity that progress from relational aggression, including sexual and racial harassment, to physical altercations. Alongside this existed strategies that were central to their social identity and mobility, their personal survival and defense, and their recognition of what was deemed fair and just process. While the research recorded the role violence played in the lives of these girls, it raised the question of what can be offered in exchange to replace the purpose currently served by the girls’ violent behavior. Findings from the research suggest windows of opportunity for prevention and indicate the responsiveness needed for intervention.


Social anthropologist, Dr Donna Swift, is the Principal Researcher for The Girls’ Project: An investigation of girls’ use of violence and anti-social behavior, and The Girls of Concern Study. In 2014, she received the Sonja Davies Peace Award and her work became the National 2011-2013 Project for Soroptimist International of New Zealand. She presents throughout New Zealand and Australia, as well as in Canada and the United States and is a Principal Academic Staff Member on the Social Work program at Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, New Zealand. She currently facilitates training workshops for schools, communities and professionals working with girls.

A Family Transmission Perspective on Female Adolescents’ Delinquent Engagement in Hong Kong

Dr. Jerf W. K. YEUNG1 , Dr. Chau-Kiu CHEUNG1 , Ms. Fion Y. M. LI2

Ms. Agnes M. H. CHENG2

1, 2 Department of Applied Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong 3, 4 Hong Kong Young Women’s Christian Association

In viewing a paucity of research on female adolescents’ engagement in delinquent behaviors locally or internationally, the current paper presents precursors at the family, school, peer network and intrapersonal systems in relation to these females’ delinquent participation through the lens of family transmission model. Results based on a sample of 622 female adolescents showed that different systems did have a significant effect on female adolescents’ delinquent engagement concomitantly, but varied in magnitude. Tests of critical ratio differences in structural modeling confirmed the most robust effects from the peer network and school systems on female adolescents’ delinquent behaviors regardless predatory, escapist or licentious in nature, which are assumed to be transmitted (influenced) by the family system. Policy and intervention implications derived from the findings of the current study are discussed with limitations and future study directions addressed also in conclusion.

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Jerf W. K. YEUNG, is currently assistant professor at the Department of Applied Social Sciences of City University of Hong Kong. He is a registered social worker and obtained his PhD in social work from PolyU, MA from HKUST, and BSW from CityU. Before teaching in the university, he has engaged in social work services and related applied research in the fields of youth, children and family, and elderly services. His research interests include family and children, religion and health, and adolescent health. His recent research appears in Journal of Family Studies, Child Indicators Research, Applied Research in Quality of Life, Child Abuse & Neglect, and Social Indicators Research.

Macau - Youth Outreach work in Asia's Las Vegas

Leong Wai Lam An ex-team leader of Youth outreaching Team

The gaming industry in Macau is well developed since the era under Portuguese administration. Under this social environment, most of the youth services in Macau have been supported by the church and operated under Parish Pastoral Centre for Youth. Some schools were also opened for their students and friends when there was no lesson. Until 1980s, the first youth centre was set up under União Geral das Associações dos Moradores de Macau.

A year after the transfer of the sovereignty of Macau to China in 1999, the first youth outreach team, which was directly sponsored by the Government of Macau was established, offering outreach services for youth and the people in Zona Norte (Freguesia de Nossa Senhora de Fátima). This first outreach team of 3 social workers and 2 project officers was formed to serve in the area, where almost 200,000 people resided at that time. At the beginning, the team had to deal with different kinds of youth problems including gang fights, career and life planning, drug and sex related issues. In 2005, the second youth outreach team was set up and it was in charge of the other 4 main parishes (Freguesia de Santo António, Freguesia de São Lázaro, Freguesia da Sé and Freguesia de São Lourenço). In addition, changes were made to the team structure by allocating an extra of 1 leader, 14 social workers and 4 project officers to each team. Other than the services mentioned above, some core services were provided, such as anti-drug abuse program, parenting program, community support scheme for juvenile offender (Lo, 2005).

I would like to share with you the stories behind the development of local youth outreaching service.

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Abstracts

Workshop (1) – Cyber Youth Outreach AC1 – LT3

Commitment and time usage – Reaching out online to youngsters and seeing how they see Online Outreach Youth Work

Helmi Korhonen, Jaakko Nuotio Nuorten Palvelu ry (Youth Service Association),Online Outreach Youth Work Team, Kuopio, Finland

Internet access is considered to be a everyday channel of communication. Especially youngsters use social media and it’s different tools to keep contact and search for information. Online Outreach Youth Work (Etsivä Nettityö) has been working in new social media areenas to meet youngsters online since August 2010. In our work we have been able to connect youngsters with feelings of inadequacy and living in risk situations for example in cases of extreme loneliness, eating disorders and mental disorders like depression and anxiety. Who are these youngsters? How long do they attach to our online service? What kind of support can we transmit to these youngsters using only social media and online services? In the workshop we hear case from Finland, Online Outreach Youth Work (Etsiva Nettityö) and see what kind of youngsters we have been able to reach out using only online services. Mainly we can categorize our customer youngsters in four different groups in which we can see different commitment levels and time usage towards our online service that are not always related to each other. We hear cases that help to clarify these four groups of youngsters.


Helmi Korhonen is working as a youth agent in Nuorten Palvelu ry, finnish nationwide youth work association. Part of her work is aimed to case management and helping young people who are in need of a trustworthy adult in their lives as part of an Online Outreach Youth Work (Etsiva Nettityo ). Eating disorders, drug abuse, loneliness, anxiety, depression and severe mental disorders are common topics related in the Online Outreach Youth Work target group. Korhonen has a degree as a community educator and she made her thesis about outreach youth work in Russian Karelia.




Abstracts

Workshop (1) – Cyber Youth

Outreach

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Abstracts

Workshop (2) – Teenage sex / pregnancy AC1 – LT14

“Love．Life．Tree – Support Scheme for Youth with Pre-marital sex”

Li Wing Yee1, Yip Wai Ying,Betty2, Wan Lap Man3

1&2Hong Kong Playground Association, Yau Tsim Mong District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team, 3Hong Kong Playground Association

In recent years, there has been an increasing number of teenage pregnancy and abortion case in our frontline youth outreaching service. The “Love．Life．Tree” is a pilot project to provide support and

counseling groups for young people with pre-marital sex. The project aims at enhancing participants’ ability in facing and handling teenage pregnancy and skills in child care, as well as establishing positive values toward life and intimate relationship. By adopting Narrative Approach in the group sessions as well as individual interviews, participants could be able to re-authorize and enrich their stories with positive side as recommended by previous researchers such as Miller (2005) , Holgate, Evans, and Yuen (2006). The project provided two intensive counseling groups for 18 boys and girls who had gone through the experience of abortion separately. One group was specially designed for young mothers who experienced pre-marital pregnancy. A total of 27 group sessions were provided. Participants were aged from 13-22 years old. After joining the group, participants shared in the evaluation session that, they had changes in their lives and relationships. They could live out their grand new life with new self-image; re-construct their values toward relationship and future. As teenage pregnancy is still prohibited by the Hong Kong local social context, youths who face youth pregnancy always obscure their feelings. This project provided an important opportunity to advance the understanding the service need of local teenage parents and provide adequate support for their family. Despite these promising results of this new attempt, continued efforts are needed to make young people with pre-marital sex be more accessible to the social support and care in our community.


Celia Wing Yee, Li is a senior social worker specialized in youth delinquent in Hong Kong. She received her B.S.W from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. After graduation, she has been working with the youth-at–risk for more than 10 years, she has been the sub-team leader of Yau-Tsim-Mong district Youth Outreaching Social Work Team and project leader of the “Love．Life．Tree” –Support Scheme

for Youth with Pre-marital sex. She has been invited by Macau and Singapore NGO to share her experience and practice wisdom working with teenage mother. She is also actively involved in social work practice research with local academic.




Abstracts

Workshop (2) – Teenage sex

/ pregnancy

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Abstracts

Workshop (3) – Life Games AC1 – G4302

Healthy Life Games Package

Aggie CHUNG1, Alan LAU, Angus TANG, Bowie YUEN, Yeung Tak CHAN, Fish YU 1 The Salvation Army, New Territories West Integrated Service, Tuen Mun Services for Young Night

Drifters, Hong Kong

Young night drifters sometimes commit undesirable behaviors such as unsafe sex and drug abuse. The service team used to adopt traditional and knowledge-based methods to deal with it. However, the impact was not manifest as those young people had come across the information before. Obviously, their undesirable behaviors are not based on inadequate information. The value system of young people affects their behavior, but the subtle decision-making process also plays a more significant role in it. Hence, the service team started to ponder on the choice-making process of YNDs. We wanted to explore the patterns and steps of their choice making. We tried to answer some important questions such as: what drove them to make a choice even they knew it was harmful? To whom they would consult? Did they have any role model to imitate? Other than the questions, making use of game was the magic key to the answers to these questions.

To explore the inner world of YNDs, we had to tackle the characteristics of YNDs. To maintain their participation, funny and fresh were two indispensable elements. Besides, the games should be handy, one-shot and ad hoc based to tackle their irregular haunting and ever-changing group membership. Initially, we designed designated game tools for unsafe sex and drug abuse. It did facilitate us to explore YND’s values on the correspondent issues. This enriched their self-understanding on related issues and facilitated them to re-think their decision-making patterns. After the trial, we confirmed its effectiveness. We further to modify the games and extend to a new issue that concerned the emotional health condition among young night drifters. Differ from the tools for unsafe sex and drug abuse, the emotional health package aims at helping the team to assess the condition of YNDs on some emotion aspects. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

Mr. Angus TANG is an experienced social worker who commits the field of serving at-risked youths for 27 years. Throughout his service, he experiences the change of service models for the target groups. It includes daytime outreaching service as well as service team for young night drifters. Other than providing direct services for young people, he also chaired the Joint Committee for Young Night Drifters during 2011 and 2013. Under his chairmanship, the committee modified the Funding and Service Agreement, which facilitates an enhanced service model.




Abstracts

Workshop (3) – Life Games

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Abstracts

Workshop (4) – Risky Sex: Intervention AC1 – B4302

The new intervention tool on risky sex issue: The Love Sim

Miss Keelie Ming Shan CHEUNG1, Miss Gloria Leut Wai LI2

1 The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, Youth Crime Prevention Centre, Sai Kung and Wong Tai Sin Outreaching Social Work Team, 2 The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, Youth Crime

Prevention Centre, Tsuen Wan and Kwai Chung Outreaching Social Work Team

The youth can easily reach correct or incorrect sex information via multi-media and internet nowadays. Some youth may be influenced and act out some risky sex behaviour, such as unsafe sex, underage sex, compensated dating, and even commit sexual offenses. The traditional one-way sex education, such as sex talk, is no longer suitable for the youth nowadays. Thus, a new intervention tool named “LOVE SIM” was created by the Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups Youth Crime Prevention Centre. “SIM” stands for Sex, Independent and Mature. "LOVE SIM” is an interactive, attractive and experiential card game for providing a platform for the youth to get reflection and learn to make appropriate choices when facing various critical situations related to sex issues. The “LOVE SIM” will be shared in the workshop in order to let the audience understand how to use “LOVE SIM" to identify the risk of the youth in facing different sex issues, and to assist the youth to get reflection and understand the negative influence of the risky sex behavior and sexual offenses.


Miss Keelie CHEUNG has been a registered social worker for over 7 years in outreaching social work

service. She is now working in Youth Crime Prevention Centre of the Hong Kong Federation of Youth

Groups. After finishing Bachelor of Social Science (Hons) (Major in Social Work) in The Chinese

University of Hong Kong, Miss Cheung also finished Master of Social Science in Criminology in the

University of Hong Kong. She is the convener of risky sex working group in the centre for developing

innovative intervention on risky sex service.

Miss Gloria LI has been a registered social worker for over 5 years in outreaching social work team in

Youth Crime Prevention Centre of the Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups. She had finished her

study in Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in Social Work in the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Miss Li has

been invited by school and NGOs to provide sex talks and workshops for parents and youths. She is

now a core member of risky sex working group in the centre for developing and practicing the

intervention on risky sex service.




Abstracts

Workshop (4) – Risky Sex:

Intervention

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Abstracts

Workshop (5) – Violence: Interventions AC1 – LT14

Project Resilience: Preparing Youth to Make Health Responses to Gang Violence

Anthony J. Hill1, Fran Franklin2, Tina L. Jordan3 1, 2, 3 Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA

Exposure to gang violence is a global concern. Youth who are exposed to gang violence often experience Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, feelings of loneliness, isolation, and aggression. Psychological resilience is an individual’s ability to respond to stress and adversity in healthy ways. Resilient youth are more likely to become strong and healthy again, and respond to the stressors of gang violence in positive ways. This workshop describes how Project Resilience can prepare youth to make healthy responses to the stressors associated with exposure to gang violence. Additionally, workshop participants will have opportunity to actively participate in the program. Project Resilience is a community-based campaign to teach youth to develop healthy coping skills and inner strength, and utilize family and community resources as tools for bouncing back from stressful situations, including exposure to gang violence. Grounded in Cognitive Behavioral Theory (CBT), Project Resilience employs techniques to help youth identify negative thoughts and emotions, and to respond to setbacks and challenges in a healthy and productive manner. The campaign is built on 4 key principles: Vision, Creativity, Community, and Self-Righting. A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author

Dr. Anthony J. Hill is an associate professor in the Department of Social Work at Delaware State University. He earned his Master’s and Doctor of Philosophy degrees in Social Work from Howard University. His undergraduate degree was earned from the George Washington University. Dr. Hill is a licensed clinical social worker in the District of Columbia and the state of Delaware. He is also a member of the Academy of Certified Social Workers. Dr. Hill is the primary investigator on a funded research project aimed at preparing youth to make healthy responses trauma and stress.




Abstracts

Workshop (5) – Violence:

Interventions

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Abstracts

Workshop (6) – Outreach Social Work AC1 – G4302

Tacit knowledge and use of reflective team in Outreach social work

Børge Erdal1, Henning Pedersen2 1 Uteseksjonen - The City centre Outreach Service, Agency for Social and Welfare Services, City of Oslo Council, Norway. 2 Korus Oslo - The Competence Centre, Agency for Social and Welfare Services, City

of Oslo Council, Norway

As with all professionals, social workers build up a body of tacit knowledge and skill as they go about their work. Such knowledge can be drawn out and systematised using deliberate reflection over one’s own practice, shared with colleagues and used for professional development. This kind of structured approach is typical of the so-called “high touch” professions that require high sensitivity to other people’s behaviour and life stories. Uteseksjonen in Oslo has consistently used reflective teams as an important tool for outreach workers, who work together to analyse situations from daily practice. Reflective teams then provide feedback either to individuals or teams of two. The main purpose of the workshop is to explore how to develop reflective practices within the context of outreach social work. The workshop has previously been delivered in Norway, Finland, Sweden, Belgium and Holland and can be divided into three parts:

Part One: Theory (Duration: 45 minutes) We will first take a closer look at the central concepts underlying tacit knowledge (Donald Schön, Michael Polanyi) and the framework of reflective team. Participants are welcome to ask questions as we go along.

Part Two: Doing it! (Duration: One hour) We then demonstrate a process of reflection, using, for example, two appointed outreach workers from Hong Kong being interviewed by one presenter, while three/four others (the other presenter and two/three from the audience) forming the reflective team to facilitate and support the reflective process during the interview.

Part Three (Optional): Deeper Practice (Duration: One hour) We continue for another hour but now involving the audience in reflecting and commenting on the case analysed by the reflective team in the previous hour. In conclusion we can discuss how to organise and implement reflective team in outreach settings. The point here is to get everyone involved and thinking… and hopefully inspired to start using reflective teams to improve practice!


Børge Erdal (50) is a social worker, group therapist and current leader of the outreach service ‘Uteseksjonen’ in The City of Oslo, Norway. His previous work experiences include psychiatry, childcare and since 1997, outreach social work. He was a co-author and edited the textbook "Ute | Inne – oppsøkende sosialt arbeid med ungdom" (Outside | Inside - outreach social work with youth) (2006), which is the standard textbook for outreach methodology in Norway.




Abstracts

Workshop (6) – Outreach

Social Work

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Abstracts

Workshop (7) – Cyber Youth Outreach AC1 - B4701

An investigation of social workers’ engagement and intervention of at-risk youths in Cyber

Outreaching

Ka Yeung LAU Caritas Hong Kong, Youth and Community Service,

Cyberyouth Outreaching Project, Hong Kong

Needless to say, we all know that the development of internet and web-based social network has led

to a dramatic change to the world, especially the youths in the past 10 years. They participate in web-

based activities every day. Under such a completely anonymous relationship, the “depersonalized”

phenomenon can easily happen. Suler (2002) explained, “In real life they have needs they can’t

express, but through online they have a vehicle and an environment where they can unleash, and they

do it…and when you are depersonalized you can do things you wouldn’t do.” As the youths under such

an anonymous relationship, they can “do things they wouldn’t do” and also “say something they

wouldn’t say”. Therefore, the online environment facilitates the youths to ask or share some

embarrassing questions or high risk behavior that they would not do publicly in daily lives, these

include drug abuse, sex related issue and mental health related questions, and that also makes the

cyber youth outreaching work possible.

In 2008, Caritas has attended to develop a pilot project to adopt online work for at risk youth. These

included the young drug abusers and compensated dating girl. In 2011 onwards, the Hong Kong

government funded Caritas to set up a “cyber outreaching team” which is more comprehensive to

tackle youths problem by the “cyber outreaching” method. In the cyber outreaching team, social

workers are engaged in helping at-risk youths through online means such as Facebook and internet

forums. One of the main focuses of this project is to bring the cyber youths back to the “real world” by

carrying out face-to-face counseling. This process is different from the “traditional” web-based

counseling. It is because the target clients of the cyber outreaching team are the youths that unwilling

to receive any service from social workers, or the youths who are just looking for informal help from

the online platforms. This paper is aimed at consolidating the key elements in the engagement and

intervention processes of “cyber outreaching”, which is based on the experience of the “Cyber Youth

Outreaching Project”.

A Brief Biography of the Presenting Author Lau Ka Yeung, the project leader of the Caritas Cyberyouth Outreaching Project. He has participated in

youth services for more than 12 years. In the past four years, he led the cyberyouth outreaching team

to develop a positive social worker identity in high-risk internet platforms successfully. He also led the

team to cooperate with the other service units and professionals to meet the needs of the cyberyouths.

To a large extent, the services provided by the cyberyouth outreaching team are filling the service gap

of the existing youth services.

Abstracts

Workshop (7) –

Cyber Youth Outreach




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Brief Biography

Plenary Speakers

Professor T. Wing Lo Professor T Wing Lo obtained his MPhil from the University of Hull

in 1984 and PhD from the Institute of Criminology, University of

Cambridge in 1991. He joined the Department of Applied Social

Sciences, City University of Hong Kong (CityU) in 1990, and has

been full professor since 2005 and department head since 2013. He

was awarded the Applied Research Excellence Award 2002 and

Teaching Excellence Award 2007 by CityU. Before joining the

academia, he had been an outreach social worker for 17 years,

where he worked with youth gangs and triad societies. Being a

renowned triad expert and youth work scholar, he has been

frequently invited by governments or universities in the US, UK,

South America, Europe, Asia and Australia to give keynote speeches

and talks in workshops, seminars and conferences. For instance, he

was invited to visit New York in 2010 to address the United Nations

delegates attending the Palermo Convention on Organized Crime

held once in every ten years. Recently, he has been invited by the US

Department of Defence to address government officials and officers

in Washington DC in May 2015, and by the Singapore government

as a keynote speaker in its National Conference on At Risk Youths in

November 2015. He had also served as a Visiting Fellow in the

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Policing and

Security based at Australian National University and Griffith

University, and Honorary Senior Fellow in the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Hull, England.

He has authored 6 books and 52 book chapters, edited 5 books, and published 52 refereed journal

papers. Over the last two decades, he has led numerous research projects; many were large-scale

policy research or blueprint studies commissioned by the governments of Hong Kong, Macau, and

Singapore. In particular, he has assisted in setting up outreach social work service for at-risk youth in

Singapore and Macau, and advised government departments in Hong Kong, Macau and Singapore in

issues and services related to youth justice and youth crime prevention. He is a member of the

International Advisory Board of the British Journal of Criminology, editorial board member of Youth

Justice, Asian Journal of Criminology, British Journal of Community Justice, and many other

international journals, founding editor of the Routledge Studies in Asian Behavioral Sciences, and

founding associate editor of the International Journal of Criminology and Sociology.

Brief Biography -

Plenary Speakers




Professor T. Wing Lo

Head and Professor

Department of Applied

Social Sciences


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Brief Biography

Plenary Speakers

Professor Ross Deuchar

Professor Ross Deuchar is an internationally renowned

Scottish criminologist and scholar of youth studies, known

primarily for his work on youth gangs, masculinity, street

culture and violence. He is an Assistant Dean at the University

of the West of Scotland, where he coordinates the University’s

‘Youth Justice and Crime Prevention’ research group within

the Institute for Youth and Community Research. He has

published numerous articles in international, peer-reviewed

journals on his work on youth gangs and violence and also on

violence prevention strategies such as detached and pastoral

streetwork, early intervention, participatory and democratic

education and problem-oriented policing. He has worked with

some of the most marginalised young people in the West of

Scotland on the streets and in youth clubs, schools, secure

accommodation and prisons, and has also engaged in

participant observation of frontline police practice and street

advocacy and youth work in both the United States of America

and Scotland. He is the author of the highly acclaimed books,

'Gangs, Marginalised Youth and Social Capital' (2009,

Trentham) and 'Policing Youth Violence: Transatlantic

Connections' (2013, Trentham/IOE Press).

(Prof. Deuchar is also a speaker in the forum of the conference)

Brief Biography -

Plenary Speakers




Prof. Ross Deuchar

Associate Dean

(Research, Enterprise and

International)

School of Education


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Brief Biography

Plenary Speakers


Dr. James Densley is Associate Professor of Criminal Justice at

Metropolitan State University, Minnesota, USA. His teaching

and research interests include street gangs, criminal networks,

violence, and theoretical criminology. Densley is the author of

How Gangs Work: An Ethnography of Youth Violence (Palgrave

Macmillan, 2013) and coauthor (with Jeff Bumgarner and

Susan Hilal) of the forthcoming Minnesota’s Criminal Justice

System (Carolina Academic Press, 2016). His recent articles

appear in Crime & Delinquency, Homicide Studies, Journal of

Contemporary Criminal Justice, and Social Problems. He has also

written for news outlets such as CNN and The Sun. Densley is a

Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts and recipient of several

awards, including the 2013 National Gang Crime Research

Center Frederick Milton Thrasher Award for “Superior

Accomplishments in Gang Research.” He earned the D.Phil. and

M.Sc. in Sociology from the University of Oxford (St. Antony’s

College), the M.S. in Teaching from Pace University, and the

B.A. (Hons.) in Sociology with American Studies from the

University of Northampton. Densley has consulted on violence

reduction projects for London’s Metropolitan Police Service,

the St. Paul Police Department, San Francisco Police

Department, and others. He is also President of the FBI

Minneapolis Citizens Academy Alumni Association.

(Dr. Densley is also a speaker in the forum of the conference)

Brief Biography -

Plenary Speakers





Associate Professor

School of Law Enforcement and

Criminal Justice

Metropolitan State University,

Minnesota, USA

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Brief Biography

Plenary Speakers


Mr. Henning Pedersen is educated social worker with master

degree in social work from the University College of Oslo. He has

previously for several years worked as an outreach worker for the

outreach service in the City of Bergen. Since 2003 Pedersen has

been employed by the Competence Centre at the Agency for Social

Welfare Services in The City of Oslo. On behalf of The National

Directorate for Health the Competency Centre in Oslo has held a key

position in developing, monitoring and promoting evidence

informed practice in the municipal outreach services across the

nation. Pedersen is program coordinator for the further education

in outreach work at the University College of Oslo. He has had a

central role in the writing of the Norwegian methodology book on

outreach work, “Ute/Inne”, and he has also contributed to several

other national and international publications about outreach work

with young people.

(Mr. Pedersen is also a speaker in the forum of the conference)

Brief Biography -

Plenary Speakers






The City of Oslo – Agency for

Social and Welfare Services


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Brief Biography

Plenary Speakers

Professor Karen A. Joe Laidler

Karen Joe Laidler is Professor of Sociology and

Director of the Centre for Criminology at the

University of Hong Kong. She has been involved in

criminological research – applied and theoretical -

in the U.S. and Hong Kong. In the U.S., her interest

in the articulation of gender and ethnicity in gangs

dates back to the late 1980s. She continues to

publish in this area, focusing especially on violence

and drugs. In Hong Kong, her research has focused

principally on the changes in the drug market,

especially the rise and problems associated with

psychotropic drugs, gender differences in drug

use, generational differences among heroin users,

and how young people obtain their drug supplies.

She has also conducted research on Hong Kong's

sex industry, and gender and imprisonment.

Brief Biography -

Plenary Speakers





Professor




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Brief Biography

Forum speaker


Keswick CHUK (BSW; M Soc Sc(Criminology); MBA ; Juris Doctor;

Mediator (VOM); Corporate Trainer (Class1)

He has been a registered social worker for over twenty years and honorary lecturer in City University and University of Hong Kong since 2009 and 2011. Apart from rich front line and management experience in outreaching service, he has been the consultant of pilot youth outreaching project in Singapore and popular trainer in outreaching service in South East Asia. His area of specialization is juvenile delinquency and mediation.He is enthusiastic in youth work especially those related to criminal justice, "I learn every day from different clients, most of them are engaged in the triads, drugs, and illegal business, and also colleagues and the stakeholders. I wish we can have a society without stranger as youth and adult without barrier.

Mr. Keswick Wing Hung CHUK Service Director Evangelical Lutheran Church Social Service – Hong Kong

Brief Biography -

Forum Sepakers




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Brief Biography

Forum speaker

Ms. Nancy Ng

Ms Nancy Ng graduated with Honours in Social

Sciences from the National University of Singapore

before she became a counsellor with the Singapore

Armed Forces Counselling Centre for six years. In her

quest for self improvement, Ms Ng completed a Masters

in Social Work in Minnesota, USA. Her time spent in the

United States gave her the opportunity to work with the

victims and perpetrators of family violence. She also

spent 5 years in some of the most remote areas of

Alaska, working with the Yup’ik Eskimo communities.

Returning to Singapore in 2000, Ms Ng joined the

Ministry of Community Development, Youth and Sports

(now named as the Ministry of Social and Family

Development) and undertook the portfolio of policy

development for protection and rehabilitation of

children, youth and family. In 2005, she assumed the

position of the Chief Probation Officer. Subsequently,

she headed the Social Sector Planning Unit. Currently,

she is Director of Central Youth Guidance Office, an

Inter-Ministry Office that maintains an overview of the

entire youth offending spectrum across agency

boundaries, identify service and intervention gaps, while focusing on upstream efforts. Ms Ng was

instrumental in the development of outreach work in Singapore. Her passion is observed through her

chairing of the operational meetings to understand the challenges on the ground and providing

supervision to the Youth Workers.

Ms. Nancy NG Director of Central Youth Guidance Office Ministry of Social and Family Development Singapore

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Forum Speakers




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Brief Biography

Forum speaker


Hsi-sheng Wei is a Professor of Social Work and the Director of

the Student Counseling Center at National Taipei University,

Taiwan. His research interests include school violence, juvenile

delinquency, youth development, and service evaluation. He has

written extensively on the issue of peer victimization and bullying

in Taiwan. He is currently on the editorial board of Child &

Adolescent Social Work Journal and has served as a Consulting

Editor of Social Work Research. Dr. Wei has conducted several

large-scale research projects on the life condition and school

adjustment of local adolescents. He also serves as a consultant and

an external reviewer for youth agencies and non-profit

organizations in Taiwan.


Professor

Department of Social Work

College of Social Sciences

National Taipei University,

Taiwan

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Brief Biography

Forum speaker

Dr. Fucai CHENG

Fucai Cheng received his PhD from the University of Hong

Kong in 2008. He is an associate Professor and the Vice

Director of Institute of Youth and Juvenile Studies at Shanghai

Academy of Social Sciences. In the past years, he has been

consistently researching on street children and child

protection in Mainland China, and published more than 30

journal articles. His publications in this field attract much

attention from the academic world and the government of

China. In 2010, his book ‘Street children: An ethnographic

study of the street children in Shanghai, China’(In Chinese)

gets the First-grade award, the Tenth Outstanding

Achievements in Philosophy and Social Science researches in

Shanghai. He received Zhang Zhongli Academic Award in

2011. Since 2012, he was invited to provide advices for a

series of national policies’ making and reforming related with

child protection, by Ministry of Civil Affairs of Chinese central

government.

Dr. Fucai CHENG

Associate Professor and Deputy

Director

Youth and Juvenile Studies

Shanghai Academy of Social

Sciences

Brief Biography -

Forum Speakers




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Brief Biography

Forum speaker

Mr. Lap-man WAN

Wan Lap Man is a senior social worker specialized in youth

delinquent in Hong Kong and professional social work

consultant for Macau Social Work Bureau and Guangzhou

Youth Palace in the development of local service for youth-at-

risk. Lap Man received his M.Soc,Sci(Youth & delinquent ) and

B.S.W from the University of Hong Kong. He has been

working with the youth-at –risk for more than 20 years, he

has study and written extensively on the trend and

development of local young people. He has been served the

Hong Kong Social Workers’ General Union as Director of

Training and Research, and Hong Kong Social Worker

Registration Board as Committee member on Professional

Conduct, Assessment panel member on Qualification

Assessment and Registration. He is also the voluntary course

coordinator and trainer for HKSWGU’s induction course for

outreaching social worker since 2000. Lap Man is the winner

of 22nd Hong Kong Outstanding Social Worker Award for his

contribution in social work profession

His books include: Theory and practice of outreaching social

work for juvenile delinquent (Social Work Training Fund,

2010), Complete Handbook for event management (Hong Kong

Playground Association,2009). Lap Man is the website administrator of www.youthconern.net , which

is an online sharing platform for outreaching social worker. His current research includes studies of

Internet addiction, Cyber bullying, Drug Abuse in Macau, Integration of sport and social work in youth

development.

Mr. Lap-man WAN

Deputy Head

(Corporate Communications,

Sports & Arts Services)


Brief Biography -

Forum Speakers




http://www.youthconern.net/

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Acknowledgement

Plenary Speakers:

Prof. Ross Deuchar


School of Education, University of the West of Scotland


Associate Professor








Professor




Speakers in the Forum:

Ms. Nancy NG


Ministry of Social and Family Development, Singapore.


Professor of Social Work

College of Social Sciences, National Taipei University, Taiwan

Dr. Fucai CHENG

Associate Professor and Deputy Director

Youth and Juvenile Studies, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences


Service Director


Mr. Lap-man WAN

Deputy Head (Corporate Communications, Sports & Arts Services)


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Co-organizing Organizations:

1. The Asia Pacific Association of Technology and Society

2. Hong Kong Playground Association

3. Evangelical Lutheran Church Social Service - Hong Kong

4. The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups

Supporting Organizations (Field Visits and Exhibition):

Field Visits

1. Central, Western & Islands District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team

Hong Kong Young Women’s Christian Association

2. “MINES” – Midnight Network Scheme for Young Night Drifters


3. Youth Enhancement Scheme of

Evangelical Lutheran Church Social Service - Hong Kong

4. Project Sinews: Tai Po & North Districts Overnight Outreaching Service for Youth Night Drifters

Hong Kong Children and Youth Services

5. Rainbow Lutheran Centre

Hong Kong Lutheran Social Service, the Lutheran Church

6. Youth Crime Prevention Centre, Extended Service for Youth Night Drifters.

The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups

Exhibition

1. Hong Kong Children and Youth Services

2. Youth Crime Prevention Centre of The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups

3. The Boys’ and Girls’ Club of Hong Kong

4. Tung Wah Group of Hospitals CROSS Centre

5. Kowloon City District Youth Outreaching Social Work Team, Yang Memorial Methodist Social

Service

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Organizing Committee Member

Co-Chairpersons of the Conference

Prof. T. Wing LO Head and Professor Department of Applied Social Sciences City University of Hong Kong

Prof. Eric Wing Hong CHUI Professor Department of Applied Social Sciences City University of Hong Kong

Mr. Wilson Man Ho CHAN Supervisor The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups

Committee Member

Head and Professor Department of Applied Social Sciences City University of Hong Kong Mr. Keswick Wing Hung

CHUK Service Director Evangelical Lutheran Church Social Service – Hong Kong

Mr. Lap-man WAN Deputy Head (Corporate Communication, Sports & Arts Services Hong Kong Playground Association

Dr. Laurie LAU Chairman Asia Pacific Association of Technology and Society

Dr. Cherry Hau Lin, TAM Assistant Professor Department of Applied Social Sciences City University of Hong Kong

international conference on outreach work handbook (1).pdf

Documents