epidemiology of injury and death following an airplane accident at phuket international airport,...

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Injuries and Deaths Following an Airplane Crash at Phuket International Airport, Thailand, 16 September 2007

Journal of Health Science 2010 Vol. 19 No. 3354

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À—«Àπâ“Àπà«¬¥—∫‡æ≈‘ß·≈–‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë°Ÿâ¿—¬ 3 √“¬ ·≈–ºŸâ-

Õ”π«¬°“√ °“√∑à“Õ“°“»¬“π

5. ª√÷°…“·æ∑¬åºŸâ ‡™’Ë ¬«™“≠¥â“π»—≈¬°√√¡

ÕÕ√å‚∏ªî¥‘° å¢Õß ∂“∫—π‡«™»“ μ√å°“√∫‘π °√¡·æ∑¬å

∑À“√Õ“°“» ºŸâ‡™’Ë¬«™“≠¥â“π¥â“π»—≈¬°√√¡ÕÕ√å‚∏ªî¥‘° å

·≈–Õÿ∫—μ‘‡Àμÿ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈¡À“√“™π§√√“™ ’¡“ ·≈–

¿“§«‘™“«‘»«°√√¡»“ μ√å∑à“Õ“°“»¬“π ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬

‡°…μ√»“ μ√å

6. „™â ∂‘μ‘‡™‘ßæ√√≥π“„π°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈

· ¥ß§à“√âÕ¬≈– ·≈–§«“¡∂’Ë

º≈°“√»÷°…“

‡Àμÿ°“√≥åÕÿ∫—μ‘‡Àμÿ∑“ß‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π

«—π∑’Ë 16 °—π¬“¬π 2550 ‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π‚¥¬ “√·∫∫

MD 82 ®”π«π 172 ∑’Ëπ—Ëß¢Õß “¬°“√∫‘πμâπ∑ÿπμË”

·ÀàßÀπ÷ËßÕÕ°‡¥‘π∑“ß®“°∑à“Õ“°“»¬“π¥Õπ‡¡◊Õß‡«≈“

14.30 π. ¡’ºŸâ‚¥¬ “√®”π«π 123 §π π—°∫‘π 2 §π

·≈–≈Ÿ°‡√◊Õ 5 §π √«¡ 130 §π „π¢≥–°”≈—ß√àÕπ≈ß

®Õ¥∫π∑“ß«‘Ëß∑’Ë 27 ∑“ß∑‘»‡Àπ◊Õ¢Õß∑à“Õ“°“»¬“π

π“π“™“μ‘¿Ÿ‡°Áμ ‰¥â‡°‘¥Õÿ∫—μ‘‡Àμÿ„π‡«≈“ 15.40 π. ´÷Ëß

„π‡∫◊ÈÕßμâπ —ππ‘…∞“π«à“‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π‰∂≈¢≥–·μ–æ◊Èπ

√—π‡«¬å·≈–‡ ’¬°“√∑√ßμ—« ∑”„Àâ à«πÀ—«æÿàß™π‡π‘π¥‘π

¥â“π¢«“·≈–‡°‘¥‡æ≈‘ß≈ÿ°‰À¡â μàÕ¡“‡°‘¥√–‡∫‘¥®π∑”„Àâ

≈”μ—«‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π©’°¢“¥‡ªìπ 3 ∑àÕπ ‚¥¬ à«πÀ—«¬ÿ∫μ—«

·≈–∫‘¥ßÕμ‘¥°—∫‡π‘π¥‘π ∫√‘‡«≥ à«π°≈“ß≈”μ—«‡°‘¥

‡æ≈‘ß≈ÿ°‰À¡â à«πªï°´â“¬æ“¥Õ¬Ÿà∫π√àÕßπÈ”¢â“ß∑“ß«‘Ëß (√Ÿª

∑’Ë 2)

≈—°…≥–°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘μ

Õÿ∫—μ‘‡Àμÿ§√—Èßπ’È ¡’ºŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘μ 89 √“¬ (Õ—μ√“μ“¬

68.5% ¢ÕßºŸâ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∫π‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥) ‡ªìπ‡æ»™“¬ 44

√“¬ ·≈–‡æ»À≠‘ß 45 √“¬ (™“«‰∑¬ 36 √“¬ ·≈–μà“ß

™“μ‘ 53 √“¬) ‚¥¬æ∫Õ—μ√“°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘μ„π‡æ»™“¬

√âÕ¬≈– 59.7 ·≈–‡æ»À≠‘ß√âÕ¬≈– 77.4 ®“°À≈—°∞“π

∑“ßπ‘μ‘‡«™ æ∫«à“°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘μ à«π„À≠à‡°‘¥®“°°“√∂Ÿ°

¢Õß·¢Áß°√–·∑° 54 √“¬ (∂Ÿ°°√–·∑°Õ¬à“ß√ÿπ·√ß

∫√‘‡«≥»’√…– ¡Õß©’°¢“¥ 33 √“¬ ∫√‘‡«≥Àπâ“Õ°√«¡

∑—Èß™àÕß∑âÕß 13 √“¬ ·≈–°√–¥Ÿ°§ÕÀ—° 9 √“¬) ‡ ’¬

™’«‘μ„π°Õß‰ø®“°°“√¢“¥Õ“°“»À“¬„® 27 √“¬ à«π


«“√ “√«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ÚııÛ ªï∑’Ë Ò˘ ©∫—∫∑’Ë Û

Õ’° 8 √“¬‰¡à¡’¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ (μ“√“ß∑’Ë 1) ®“°°“√ —¡¿“…≥åºŸâ-

∫“¥‡®Á∫À≠‘ß‰∑¬√“¬Àπ÷Ëß‡°’Ë¬«°—∫≈—°…≥–°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘μ

¢Õß “¡’∑’Ëπ—Ëß‡°â“Õ’Èμ‘¥°—π„πμ”·Àπàß 19A (¿√√¬“ºŸâ‡≈à“

‡Àμÿ°“√≥åπ—Ëß„πμ”·Àπàß 19B) ‰¥â¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈«à“ºŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘μ‰¥â

æ¬“¬“¡ªØ‘∫—μ‘μ“¡§Ÿà¡◊Õ§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬‚¥¬„™â¡◊Õ∑—Èß Õß

¢â“ßª√– “π∑’ËÀπâ“º“°‡æ◊ËÕ°—π»’√…–°√–·∑° ·≈â«°â¡

‰ª™‘¥°—∫‡°â“Õ’È¥â“πÀπâ“ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‰¡à “¡“√∂°â¡»’√…–

™‘¥‡¢à“‰¥â ‡æ√“–«à“ºŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘μ´÷Ëß‡ªìπ™“«μà“ßª√–‡∑»¡’

√Ÿª√à“ßÕâ«π·≈– Ÿßª√–¡“≥ 180 ‡´πμ‘‡¡μ√ °àÕπºŸâ-

‚¥¬ “√√“¬π’È‡ ’¬™’«‘μ‰¥â —Ëß·≈–°¥»’√…–¢Õß¿√√¬“ ( Ÿß

150 ‡´πμ‘‡¡μ√·≈–πÈ”Àπ—°μ—«ª√–¡“≥ 45 °‘‚≈°√—¡)

„Àâ°â¡≈ß®πÀπâ“Õ°™‘¥°—∫‡¢à“ ¿√√¬“¬—ß‡≈à“‡Àμÿ°“√≥å„Àâ

øíßμàÕ«à“ °àÕπ∑’Ë “¡’®–À¡¥ μ‘‰ª‡∏Õ‰¥â —ß‡°μ‡ÀÁπ

∑‘»∑“ß¢Õß»’√…–ºŸâ‡ ’¬™’«‘μ¡’≈—°…≥–æ—∫‰ª¥â“πÀ≈—ß

·≈–‚¬°¡“¥â“πÀπâ“ ∑”„Àâ»’√…–°√–·∑°°—∫‡°â“Õ’È¥â“π

Àπâ“®“°π—ÈπÀ¡¥ μ‘·≈–§‘¥«à“‡ ’¬™’«‘μ∑—π∑’®“°§ÕÀ—°

´÷Ëß Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫º≈°“√™—π Ÿμ√æ≈‘°»æ∑’Ë·æ∑¬åæ∫

“‡Àμÿ°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘μ®“°°√–¥Ÿ°μâπ§ÕÀ—°

‡æ◊ËÕ®”·π° “‡Àμÿ°“√μ“¬μ“¡μ”·Àπàß∑’Ëπ—Ëß

à«πÀπâ“ à«πªï° à«π°≈“ß ·≈– à«πÀ≈—ß ÿ¥ æ∫«à“

Õ—μ√“°“√μ“¬®“°»’√…–‰¥â√—∫Õ—πμ√“¬·≈–°√–¥Ÿ° —π

À≈—ß à«π§ÕÀ—° ≈¥≈ß®“° à«πÀπâ“‰ª à«π∑â“¬¢Õßμ—«

‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π ‡∑à“°—∫ √âÕ¬≈– 52.5, 35.1, 14.3 ·≈– 0 μ“¡

≈”¥—∫ ·μà°≈—∫æ∫«à“°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘μ®“°¢“¥Õ“°“»À“¬„®

·≈–∂Ÿ°‰ø‰À¡â¡’∑‘»∑“ßμ√ß°—π¢â“¡ (μ“√“ß∑’Ë 2)

À“°æ‘®“√≥“Õ—μ√“°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘μ‚¥¬·∫àßμ“¡

μ”·Àπàß∑’Ëπ—Ëß∫π‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π æ∫«à“∫√‘‡«≥ à«πÀπâ“¢Õß

‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘πÀ√◊Õ∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ëπ—Ëßμ”·Àπàß First/Business-class

Ÿß ÿ¥·≈–≈¥≈ßμ“¡≈”¥—∫®“° à«πÀπâ“‰ª¬—ß∑â“¬¢Õß

‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π (√Ÿª∑’Ë 3)

≈—°…≥–°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫¢ÕßºŸâ√Õ¥™’«‘μ

„πÕÿ∫—μ‘‡Àμÿ§√—Èßπ’È ¡’ºŸâ√Õ¥™’«‘μ 41 √“¬ (Õ—μ√“

√Ÿª∑’Ë 2 ‡Àμÿ°“√≥å‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π‚¥¬ “√ ·∫∫ MD 82 ≈◊Ëπ‰∂≈ÕÕ°πÕ°√—π‡«¬å ≥ Õ“°“»¬“ππ“π“™“μ‘¿Ÿ‡°Áμ ·≈–∑’¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ„π∑’Ë‡°‘¥‡Àμÿ

μ“√“ß∑’Ë 1 “‡Àμÿ°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘μ®“°√“¬ß“π°“√™—π Ÿμ√æ≈‘°»æ ‚¥¬ ∂“∫—ππ‘μ‘‡«™ ‚√ßæ¬“∫“≈μ”√«® ”π—°ß“πμ”√«®·Ààß™“μ‘ (®”π«π

89 √“¬)

Õ«—¬«–∑’Ë∂Ÿ°¢Õß‡¢Áß°√–·∑° √“¬ (%)

»’√…– Àπâ“Õ°·≈–™àÕß∑âÕß °√–¥Ÿ°§Õ ¢“¥Õ“°“» ·º≈‰ø‰À¡â ‰¡à∑√“∫ “‡Àμÿ

33 (37.1) 13 (14.1) 9 (10.1) 10 (11.2) 17 (19.1) 7 (7.9)

Ûıı



μ“√“ß∑’Ë 2 “‡Àμÿ°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘μ®“°Õÿ∫—μ‘‡Àμÿ∑“ß‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π ∑’Ë∑à“Õ“°“»¬“ππ“π“™“μ‘ ¿Ÿ‡°Áμ ®”·π°μ“¡≈”¥—∫°“√π—Ëß∫π‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π «—π∑’Ë

16 °—π¬“¬π 2550 (n = 89 √“¬)

“‡Àμÿ à«πÀ—«‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π à«πÀπâ“ªï°‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π à«πªï°‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π à«π∑â“¬‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π

°“√‡ ’¬™’«‘μ ™—ÈπÀπ÷Ëß/∏ÿ√°‘® (1A - 9F) (10A - 19F) (20A - 28F) (29A - 38F)

(%) n = 45 √“¬ n = 37 √“¬ n = 7 √“¬ n = 0 √“¬

∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë»’√…– 52.5 35.1 14.3 0

°√–¥Ÿ°μâπ§Õ 12.5 10.8 0 0

¢“¥Õ“°“» 7.5 8.2 14.3 0

Õ° À√◊Õ ∑âÕßπâÕ¬ 15.0 8.1 14.3 0

‰ø‰À¡â 0 32.5 57.1 0

‰¡à∑√“∫ “‡Àμÿ 12.5 5.4 0 0

√Ÿª∑’Ë 3 Õ—μ√“°“√μ“¬®“°Õÿ∫—μ‘‡Àμÿ‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π√ÿàπ MD 82 „π«—π∑’Ë 16 °—π¬“¬π 2550 ·∫àßμ“¡∑’Ëπ—ËßºŸâ‚¥¬ “√

เสยชวตรอดชวต

เกาอวาง

°“√√Õ¥™’«‘μ 31.5% ¢ÕßºŸâ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∫π‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥) ‡ªìπ

ºŸâ ‚¥¬ “√ 39 √“¬·≈–≈Ÿ°‡√◊Õ 2 √“¬ (™“«‰∑¬ 15 √“¬

·≈–™“«μà“ß™“μ‘ 26 √“¬) ™“¬ 27 √“¬ À≠‘ß 14 √“¬

Õ“¬ÿ√–À«à“ß 6 ªï ∂÷ß 60 ªï ·≈–æ∫«à“¡’Õ“°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫

‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ 14 √“¬ ∫“¥‡®Á∫Àπ—° 27 √“¬ „π®”π«πºŸâ-

∫“¥‡®Á∫Àπ—° æ∫°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë∫√‘‡«≥°√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß

√âÕ¬≈– 51.9 „π®”π«ππ’È à«π„À≠àæ∫∑’Ë√–¥—∫ T12 ·≈–

L1 (71.0%) ‚¥¬¡’≈—°…≥–‡©æ“– §◊Õ anterior com-

pression fracture √âÕ¬≈– 64.3 ·≈–°“√·μ°À—°„π

≈—°…≥– burst fracture √âÕ¬≈– 35.7 (√Ÿª∑’Ë 5) ·º≈

‰ø‰À¡â √âÕ¬≈– 25.9 °√–¥Ÿ°·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“À—° √âÕ¬≈– 22.2

∫“¥‡®Á∫∫√‘‡«≥∑√«ßÕ° ‡™àπ °√–¥Ÿ°´’Ë‚§√ßÀ—° ªÕ¥©’°

95% 88,1% 18.9% 0.0%™—ÈπÀπ÷Ëß à«πÀπâ“ à«πªï° à«π∑â“¬

À√◊Õ∏ÿ√°‘® ¢Õßªï° ª≈“¬ªï°

À¡“¬‡Àμÿ ≈Ÿ°‡√◊Õ®”π«π 3 √“¬ π—Ëß∫√‘‡«≥ à«πÀπâ“ ·μà‰¡à¡’¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë “¡“√∂√–∫ÿμ”·Àπàß∑’Ëπ—Ëß‰¥â

‡ ’¬™’«‘μ

√Õ¥™’«‘μ

‡°â“Õ’È«à“ß


«“√ “√«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ÚııÛ ªï∑’Ë Ò˘ ©∫—∫∑’Ë Û

√Ÿª∑’Ë 4 ≈—°…≥–°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫√–¥—∫√ÿπ·√ß¢ÕßºŸâ‚¥¬ “√∑’Ë√Õ¥™’«‘μ ®”π«π 27 √“¬

√Ÿª∑’Ë 5 °√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß√–‡Õ« (L1) ·μ°‡ªìπ≈—°…≥– Burst compressions fracture

¢“¥ √âÕ¬≈– 11.1 à«πÕ«—¬«–μ—∫-¡â“¡©’°¢“¥ ¡Õß

‰¥â√—∫°√–∑∫°√–‡∑◊Õπ ”≈—°§«—π ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡∑à“ Ê °—π√âÕ¬≈–

7.4 (√Ÿª∑’Ë 4) „π°“√√—°…“æ∫ºŸâªÉ«¬¡’¿“«–·∑√°´âÕπ 4

√“¬ §◊Õ ªÕ¥μ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ 1 √“¬ rhabdomyolysis 2 √“¬

·≈– μ‘¥‡™◊ÈÕ„π°√–· ‚≈À‘μ∑”„Àâ‡ ’¬™’«‘μ 1 √“¬ ‚¥¬

√“¬ ÿ¥∑â“¬π’È‡ªìπºŸâ∫“¥‡®Á∫∂Ÿ°‰ø‰À¡âº‘«Àπ—ß√à“ß°“¬

√âÕ¬≈– 85

ºŸâ√Õ¥™’«‘μ 19 √“¬ „Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈μ√ß°—π«à“‰¡à¡’°“√

·®âß‡μ◊Õπ‡√◊ËÕß°“√≈ß®Õ¥©ÿ°‡©‘π®“°π—°∫‘π·≈–≈Ÿ°‡√◊Õ

ºŸâ‚¥¬ “√°≈ÿà¡π’È √âÕ¬≈– 65.7 ‰¡à‰¥âπ—Ëß„π∑à“∑’Ë‡À¡“– ¡

μàÕ°“√ªÑÕß°—π°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ßμ“¡∑’Ë

·π–π”„π§Ÿà¡◊Õ§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬ √âÕ¬≈– 23.5 ‰¡à‰¥âÕà“π

·≈–»÷°…“§Ÿà¡◊Õ§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬ √âÕ¬≈–11.8 ¥◊Ë¡

·Õ≈°ÕŒÕ≈å°àÕπ¢÷Èπ‡§√◊ËÕß ·≈–√âÕ¬≈– 5.9 ‰¡à‰¥âøíß

”≈—°§«—π (Inhatation)

μ—∫/¡â“¡ ©’°¢“¥ (Rupture spleen/liver)

∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë»’√…– (Head injury)

∫“¥‡®Á∫∑’Ë∑√«ßÕ° (Fracture rib/pneumothorax)

°√–¥Ÿ°·¢πÀ√◊Õ¢“À—° (Fracture extremities)

·º≈‰ø‰À¡â (Burn)

°√–¥Ÿ° —πÀ≈—ß·μ° (Vertebral fracture)

Ûı˜



·≈–¥Ÿ°“√ “∏‘μ‡√◊ËÕß°“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬„π

°√≥’©ÿ°‡©‘π

°“√μÕ∫‚μâ¿“«–©ÿ°‡©‘πÀ≈—ß‡°‘¥‡Àμÿ°“√≥å

∑à“Õ“°“»¬“ππ“π“™“μ‘¿Ÿ‡°Áμ¡’·ºπ√Õß√—∫

Õÿ∫—μ‘‡Àμÿ∑“ß‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π·≈–∑”°“√Ωñ°´âÕ¡∑ÿ° 2 ªï §√—Èß

≈à“ ÿ¥‰¥âΩñ°´âÕ¡ °àÕπ‡°‘¥‡Àμÿ°“√≥å§√—Èßπ’È 10 «—π ‚¥¬

«—π∑’ËΩñ°´âÕ¡¡’ ¿“æÕ“°“»·≈–∑—»π«‘ —¬ª√°μ‘ ·μà„π

«—π‡°‘¥‡Àμÿ ¡’Ωπμ°Àπ—° ∑—»π«‘ —¬‰¡à¥’ „π‡«≈“ª√–¡“≥

15.40 π. ÀÕ∫—ß§—∫°“√∫‘π‰¥â·®âß‡Àμÿ©ÿ°‡©‘π‰ª¬—ß»Ÿπ¬å

¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈·≈–Àπà«¬¥—∫‡æ≈‘ß »Ÿπ¬å√—°…“§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬ ·≈–

ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å ∑à“Õ“°“»¬“ππ“π“™“μ‘¿Ÿ‡°Áμ ´÷Ëß

Àπà«¬¥—∫‡æ≈‘ß·≈–°Ÿâ¿—¬¢Õß∑à“Õ“°“»¬“πœ ‰¥â‡¢â“‰ª

ª√–‡¡‘π ∂“π°“√≥å·≈– —Ëß°“√ ≥ ®ÿ¥‡°‘¥‡Àμÿ¿“¬„π 2

π“∑’ ¢≥–π—Èπæ∫ºŸâ√Õ¥™’«‘μÕ¬ŸàπÕ°´“°‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π„°≈â

°—∫∫√‘‡«≥®ÿ¥‡°‘¥‡Àμÿ ®”π«π 35 √“¬ ·≈–¡’ºŸâμ‘¥Õ¬Ÿà

¿“¬„π‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π‰¡à∑√“∫®”π«π ´÷ËßμàÕ¡“‰¥â√—∫°“√™à«¬

‡À≈◊Õ‚¥¬Àπà«¬°Ÿâ¿—¬ 6 √“¬

‡«≈“ 16.05 π. (25 π“∑’ À≈—ß®“°‡°‘¥‡Àμÿ) »Ÿπ¬å

¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈·≈–Àπà«¬¥—∫‡æ≈‘ß‰¥â·®âßº≈°“√ª√–‡¡‘π‡Àμÿ

°“√≥å‰ª¬—ßÀπà«¬∫√‘°“√·æ∑¬å©ÿ°‡©‘π·≈–°Ÿâ™’æ ∑—Èß 18

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Abstract Injuries and Deaths Following an Airplane Crash at Phuket International Airport, Thai-land, 16 September 2007Anek Mungaomklang*, Natthakarn Waiyanate*, Pmj.Gen. Narongsak Saowakon†, AmornratChutinuntakul‡,Choopong Sangsawang*, Tharawit Ouppapong*, Anong Sangjantip*, PapanitSaungtho*, Kannika Suwanna‡, Nanthaporn Klinjun§, Chanavi Kremla#, SoponImsirithaworn**Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, †Institue ofForensic Medicine, Royal Thai Police, ‡Office of Disease Prevention and Control 11, Department ofDisease Control, §Office of Disease Prevention and Control 12, Department of Disease Control,#Phuket Provincial Health OfficeJournal of Health Science 2010; 19:352-63.

On 16 September 2007, an airplane crashed at Phuket International Airport (PIA) becoming asecond serious event of airplane crash in Thailand over 10 year period. The objectives of thisepidemiological investigation were to describe characteristics of injuries and deaths following thisplane crash event in order to recommend improvement of public health emergency response.

The records of Emergency Medical Service teams, medical records, autopsy results, the manualfor emergency policies and procedures of PIA published 10 days prior to the crash, were reviewed.In-depth interviews were conducted among rescue team personnel, PIA staffers, NGO volunteers,crash victims and health care workers. Data triangulation was performed and obstacles and pitfallswere identified.

An MD-82 plane with 123 passengers and 7 crew members departed from Bangkok to PIA.The airplane crashed while the pilot was attempting to land at its destination. Of the 123 people onboard, 89 (68%) died. Most of the fatal cases were in the front of the aircraft due to massive impactforce. Major causes of deaths were head injuries (37%), chest/abdomen trauma (14%), and spinefracture (10%). Other causes of death were burn (19%) asphyxia (11%) and unknown (9%). Sixty-six percent (27/41) of the survivors had severe injuries which comprised vertebral spine fracture(52%). The most common fracture level was at T12-L1 spine, a fulcrum point for lap/waist seatbelt. Inadequate space between seat rows was identified as one of obstacles for an appropriatesitting position during the emergency landing. Sixty-three percent (26/41) of the survivors weretransferred to hospitals by limousines of PIA. Ineffective communication, heavy rain, unsynchronizedresponse and a delay in rescue of injured passengers in the aircraft were identified in this investiga-tion.

The majority of serious injury among survivors were vertebral spine injuries especially T12-L1 due to horizontal force during the plane crash. Cause of deaths was mainly impact force resultedin head injuries. The emergency public health response to the airplane accident was relativelysatisfied in term of collaboration between organizations. However, better responses can be made byimproving communications, capacity building of rescue teams, and regular drills on response toplane crash under different contexts.

Key words: plane crash, investigation, injury, spine fractures, Thailand

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epidemiology of injury and death following an airplane accident at phuket international airport,...

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