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Design Engineering
ISSN: 0011-9342 | Year 2021
Issue: 7 | Pages: 11736-11750
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Analysis Of Human Acitivities Identification
Based On Combined Image Carrier
Applications In Education - And Ho Chi
Minh Views On Science Technology For
National Education
Nguyen Dinh Trung,
PhD National Economics University (NEU), Hanoi Vietnam
Trung-Hieu Le,
Master Dai Nam University, Vietnam
Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy,
MBA (corresponding) Banking University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh city Viet Nam - Graduate School of
International Management, International University of Japan, Niigata, Japan *E-mail: [email protected]
Nguyen Thi Hoa,
PhD Thu Dau Mot University, Binh Duong Vietnam
Tran Duc Thang,
PhD National Economics University (NEU), Hanoi, Vietnam
Abstract
During covid 19 time, it is better to research on technology applications in improving quality of
teaching in education sector in developing countries such as Vietnam.
Nam, V.Q., Tinh, D.T., Huy, D.T.N, Hieu, L.T., & Huong, L.T.T (2021) stated Not only Internet
of things (IoTs), but Artificial intelligence (AI) also has some certain influence on several sectors
such as education, industries, etc. In emerging markets such as Vietnam. They also affect risk
management information system of both IT firms and other industrial companies.
Hence, This paper find out technology applications such as video camera or webcams can be
used to observe learners’ behaviors and human activities during online teaching in order to
monitor quality of teaching and adjust teaching programs if needed to attract learners. Moreover,
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TQM or ISO standards and requirements can be applied into education and e -learning process,
for instance: ISO required: Derived from the customer's request , Solve client complaints and
Satisfy customer demand.
Last but not least, from Ho Chi Minh views and ideologies, science technology has vital roles for
education in order to serve for economic development. Development of science technology need
to go together with education, socio-economic development and national defense.
Keywords: offline and online education, teaching quality, e-learning, technology, image carrier,
accelerometer
1. Introduction
First we realize that both Offline education and online education and e-learning need to use
technology applications in modern education nowadays.
Deep learning is another concept in education with technology applications that we need to
explore as well.
Authors will explore the topic "Research and develop deep learning methods using a
combination of image signals and accelerometers from sensors for the problem of recognizing
human activities".
Specific goals of the project:
−Research DNN deep learning models using multi-modal information (acceleration, image).
− Propose a deep learning architecture that combines two multi-modal information streams
obtained from bearing sensors
−Evaluate the proposed method on shared databases (if any) of the research community and self-
collecting and deploying applications to control devices and analyze people's daily activities.
Hieu, L.T., Huy, D.T.N., Huong, D.T., & Thuy, V.X (2021) mentioned E-learning or online
education with its outstanding advantages is really a step forward in modern education, attracting
learners so that they can comfortably interact in the online environment. Also e-learning training
in class also an interesting method and help them to relax and study very effective. When we
combine with proposed solutions for observing students’ behaviors and attitude we can evaluate
participation level of students, from then we would suggest suitable teaching solutions for
lecturers, teachers and educators.
Finally we analyze Ho Chi Minh President views on roles of science technology in education.
Research questions:
Question 1: Explain e-learning, online teaching process and benefits?
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Question 2: What are Ho Chi Minh vies on science technology in education?
Question 3: Explain technology application sin education?
2. Literature review
A. International studies
We see in below summary:
Table 1 - Summary of previous studies
Authors Years Contents, results
Garisson 2001 Materials such as lecture
notes, communication tools,
assignments, visual graphics,
and so forth, are now easily
obtainable through the
Internet. In addition, the
Internet can provide media-
rich environments such as
digital video (Garrison,
2001).
Hartsell et al 2006 he use of video in teaching
and learning is a common
practice in education today.
As learning online becomes
more of a common practice
in education, streaming video
and audio will play a bigger
role in delivering course
materials to online learners.
This form of technology
brings courses alive by
allowing online learners to
use their visual and auditory
senses to learn complex
concepts and difficult
procedures.
Herbst & Mashile 2014 In Africa, there is increasing
trend in using study aids such
as computers for studying,
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while scores for main ideas
and data from control group
has decreased.
Guichon & Cohen 2014 Participants’ perceptions of
the online interaction are first
compared with regard to the
issues of social presence and
their understanding and
appreciation of the online
interaction, using data
gathered from a post-task
questionnaire. The study then
explores whether seeing the
interlocutor’s image impacts
on the patterns of these
synchronous exchanges and
on the word search episodes.
Results indicated that the
impact of the webcam on the
online pedagogical
interaction was not as critical
as had been predicted.
Hieu, L.T., Huy, D.T.N.,
Huong, L.T.T., Hang, N.T.,
& Sylwia G.
2021 Experimental research and
Test evaluation through
survey. Authors also perform
intensive research on
previous related studies.The
research of the topic is
expected to be the foundation
for feature selection
orientation when building a
recognition system through
accelerometer, gyroscope and
image sensors. And it
is expected to be the
foundation for feature
selection orientation when
building recognition systems
through accelerometer,
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gyroscope and image
sensors.
Castelli & Savary 2021 While adapting this form of
teaching, instructors familiar
with traditional face-to-face
methods are now met with a
new set of challenges,
including students not
turning on their cameras
during synchronous class
meetings held via
videoconferencing. They
surveyed students to better
understand why they did not
turn on their cameras. We
confirmed several predicted
reasons including the most
frequently reported: being
concerned about personal
appearance. Other reasons
included being concerned
about other people and the
physical location being seen
in the background and having
a weak internet connection,
all of which our exploratory
analyses suggest may
disproportionately influence
underrepresented minorities.
Additionally, some students
revealed to us that social
norms also play a role in
camera use. This information
was used to develop
strategies to encourage—
without requiring—camera
use while promoting equity
and inclusion. Broadly, these
strategies are to not require
camera use, explicitly
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encourage usage while
establishing norms, address
potential distractions, engage
students with active learning,
and understand your
students’ challenges through
surveys.
3. Main findings
3.1 Online teaching programs and e-learning process
Teachers and students can use e-learning via internet connection and take advantages of internet
of things (IoTs) to deliver lectures notes, communication from distance and no need to meet face
to face.
The E-learning system has helped learners to gradually erase the distance in space and time. No
need to take time to go to class according to a fixed time frame, learners can study anytime,
anywhere. Thanks to this online learning method, learners can adjust the learning process
flexibly for effective time management and flexible study locations.
Nest feature is Attractiveness through lectures:
With the continuous development of technology, the combination of illustrations, sounds or
situations built with animated characters in the lectures has made the lectures more lively and
interesting. . E-learning helps learners not only listen to lectures but also see visual examples.
Students can even interact with the lesson to gain more knowledge.
Figure 1- E-learning illustration
(source: internet)
During E-learning process we can take advantage of TQM and ISO standards to measure
and evaluate quality:
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TQM:
- The voluntary of the producer
- Increase customer love
- Activities aimed at quality improvement
- Exceeding customer expectations
- Create the best quality product
- How we get it
- Attack (reach higher targets)
ISO:
- Derived from the customer's request
- Solve client complaints
- Satisfy customer demand
- Non error products
- Do what
- Defense (not to lose what is already there)
Beside, Hieu, L.T., Huong, D.T., Huy, D.T.N., Dung, N.T.P., & Trung, N.D (2021) said
Automated learning behavior analysis of learners is becoming an essential topic in the field of
education, where effective systems are needed to monitor learning progress and provide
necessary feedback to instructor activities.
3.2 Human operation identified by sensor or camera based on combined image carrier and
accelerometer
In the past few years, there have been many studies on the image of Egocentric vision worn on
the subject and the sensor data collected from the accelerometer.
In the study of Feng Hong et al. (2016) on motion gesture recognition using an accelerometer
based on a Micro Mechatronic System (MEMS) to recognize the posture, motion gestures of the
user. of users, thereby extracting 27 gesture characteristics through the SVM classifier. Activity
recognition from accelerometer data of Nishkam Ravi (2005) records the activity of the subject
wearing the accelerometer, the study shows the identification process through calculation
method, characteristic of the accelerometer. , machine learning, learning model then classifies
activities as walking, running, climbing, sitting in figure below.
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Figure 2- Acceleration signal of activities
For the study of Egocentric vision, the work of Fanqing Lin [14] first built a dataset of two hands
and detected from the first-person RGB-based image, using CSM ( Segmentation Machine) a
balanced architecture that computes accuracy, speed, and size, and provides thorough analysis of
model performance. In this work, a color-based hand dataset and corresponding training models
are introduced to help deep convolutional networks achieve domain generalization on the two-
hand detection/segmentation task. This work could open up many avenues for color-based hand
tracking systems in the industry.
Figure 3 - RGB-based image detection
Recent research by Kristen Grauman (2020) with contextual environment relationships from
video obtained from the subject's first-person perspective
Figure 4- Environmental Topology Map
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The main idea with an afferent video, build a topology map of the environment showing the
areas of activity focus and the sequence in which they are accessed as shown in Figure 4. These
maps capture the strong connection between physical space and how people use it, which are
then used to infer the affordability of the space (denoted here by color-coded dots). ) and predict
future user action intentions with long-form videos specifically here in the kitchen space.
Approach to Hand Segmentation Research for Gesture Recognition in First Person (radial view)
by Giuseppe Serra (2013).
The work gives remarkable results on the feasibility of first-person perception of human actions,
which will play an important role in future interactive systems. The proposed approach shows
interesting results in accuracy for hand segmentation and gesture recognition in the panorama of
multimedia-oriented computers dealing with the new paradigm of vision. A look around of the
available EDSH dataset is shown in Figure 5. For example, the camera is not stationary and often
moves, the image quality is poor and the noise is caused by the wearable camera), it can open up
new interesting scenarios for multimedia applications. For example, user actions can be self-
interpreting and integrated, since the sensors are attached directly to the user.
Figure 5- Hand gesture dataset
The results of the application of algorithms for the feature extraction phase have partly
demonstrated the possible ways to classify user gestures and actions. Indeed, the application of
models for identification in several datasets is available for high accuracy. That is the impetus for
combining the two models using both the image and the accelerometer for future identification
problems.
4.3 Ho Chi Minh views on roles of science technology
First of all, President Ho Chi MInh considered Science and technology is a decisive factor for
economic development.
This point was affirmed by President Ho Chi Minh in the article "The problem of indigenous
people" published in L'Humanité newspaper, August 2, 1919. According to him, the
development of science and technology determines economic competitiveness: “It is absurd to
think that two neighboring peoples such as the Annamites and the Japanese can exist in isolation
from each other. But the Japanese, thanks to their clever government, have the very complete,
well-equipped means to wage economic struggle; while the Annamites - we said why - are
completely nil in terms of modern progress”. Through this, President Ho Chi Minh showed the
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contrast in the economic field between the Japanese people and the Annamites, the Japanese with
very complete and well-equipped facilities, which in fact carry out industrialization; Importing
and learning from the West about modern science and technology to increase economic
competitiveness, take absolute advantage in economic comparison. The above article of
President Ho Chi Minh can be seen as a milestone marking the formation of his thought on the
role of science and technology in economic development.
President Ho Chi Minh always prevents the tendency of hasty subjectivity, forcing economic
development despite scientific basis, despite objective laws. In the article: "Building people of
socialism" published in Nhan Dan Newspaper No. 2563 dated March 27, 1961, the author wrote:
"Fast forward, strong progress is not adventure, reckless action. Must be practical step by step,
must advance firmly. Must grasp the laws development of the revolution, must carefully
calculate specific conditions, specific measures. The plan must be firm, balanced. Do not
substitute your subjectivity for actual conditions. Must fight subjective disease, bureaucratic
style, roughly. It is necessary to develop the style of "investigation and research" in all activities
as well as in setting all policies of the Party and the State”.
(source:
https://tcnn.vn/news/detail/38125/Tu_tuong_Ho_Chi_Minh_ve_vai_tro_cua_khoa_hoc_va_cong
_nghe_doi_voi_phat_trien_kinh_teall.html, access date 14/9/2021)
Ho Chi Minh's thought on educational management is the thought of building a people-oriented
education. It is a national education with the aim of cultivating human personality right from the
time of adulthood and with all subjects. In the Letter to the Students on the occasion of the First
Day of School under the Democratic Republic, September 1945, he wrote: “Today, you are more
fortunate than my father to receive an education from An independent country, an education that
will train them to be useful citizens for Vietnam, an education that fully develops their existing
capacities”.
(source: http://smot.bvhttdl.gov.vn/van-dung-tu-tuong-ho-chi-minh-vao-quan-ly-giao-duc-o-viet-
nam-hien-nay/, access date 14/9/2021)
Related to education, President Ho Chi Minh advised: "For universities, it is necessary to
combine scientific theory with practice, try to study advanced theory and science of other
countries, combine with our country's practice, to practically help the construction of the
country. In high school, it is necessary to ensure that students have solid, practical general
knowledge, suitable to the needs and future of building the country, leaving out unnecessary
parts for real life. In elementary school, children need to be educated: love the country, love the
people, love labor, love science, respect the public.
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4. Discussion and conclusion
Zhang et al (2006) investigated examined the influence of interactive video on learning outcome
and learner satisfaction in e-learning environments. Four different settings were studied: three
were e-learning environments—with interactive video, with non-interactive video, and without
video. The fourth was the traditional classroom environment. Results of the experiment showed
that the value of video for learning effectiveness was contingent upon the provision of
interactivity. Students in the e-learning environment that provided interactive video achieved
significantly better learning performance and a higher level of learner satisfaction than those in
other settings. However, students who used the e-learning environment that provided non-
interactive video did not improve either. The findings suggest that it may be important to
integrate interactive instructional video into e-learning systems.
And Huy, D.T.N., Hieu, L.T., Thang, T.D., Hoa, N.T., & Hue, L.T. (2021) stated teachers and
studentss need to be more creative for example, they can change learning and teaching styles
with E-learning solutions.
Scientific significance of the topic
First, the study will use suitable methods for standardizing data attached with equipment on hand
wrist, so there will be challenges such as images and pictures from camera will be limited in
sight angles, and just take pictures of hand gestures and little environment surrounding.
Second, the study will suggest methods identifying image and accelerometer from scientific
materials found. The topic will research and apply identifying techniques combined with images
data and accelerometer.
Last but not least, Education Law revised in 2019: Article 4. Education development clearly
states:
"First, Education development is the fist priority policy. Second, Education development must be
associated with the needs of socio-economic development, scientific and technological progress,
consolidation of national defense and security; carry out standardization, modernization and
socialization; ensure the balance of occupation structure, qualifications, human resources and
regional suitability; expand the scale on the basis of quality assurance and efficiency;
combination of training and use. THird, Develop an open education system, build a learning
society in order to create opportunities for everyone to access education, study at all levels, in all
forms, and learn for life.”
Research limitation
We need to expand further researches for AI applications topics.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to take this opportunity to express my warm thanks to Board of Editors, my family,
colleagues, and brother in assisting convenient conditions for my research paper.
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