do now!! what is energy? what is the ultimate source of energy on the earth? where do we get our...
TRANSCRIPT
Do Now!! Do Now!!
What is energy?
What is the ultimate source of energy on the earth?
Where do we get our energy from?
What is energy?
What is the ultimate source of energy on the earth?
Where do we get our energy from?
ObjectivesObjectives
To define energy.
To list the different types of energy.
To explain the laws of thermodynamics.
To begin discussing photosynthesis and cellular respiration
To define energy.
To list the different types of energy.
To explain the laws of thermodynamics.
To begin discussing photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Section 8.1: How organisms obtain energy!!
Section 8.1: How organisms obtain energy!!
So what is energy??So what is energy??
Energy-
The ability to do work!!
Thermodynamics-
is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe.
Energy-
The ability to do work!!
Thermodynamics-
is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe.
3 Types of Energy3 Types of Energy
Potential
Kinetic
Chemical
3 Types of Energy3 Types of Energy
Potential- stored energy, or energy of positionEx: top of the rollercoaster!
Kinetic- motionEx: moving down from top of rollercoaster!
Chemical- energy found in bonds (released when bonds are broken, stored when bonds are formed)Ex: lighting a match (released or stored?)
Potential- stored energy, or energy of positionEx: top of the rollercoaster!
Kinetic- motionEx: moving down from top of rollercoaster!
Chemical- energy found in bonds (released when bonds are broken, stored when bonds are formed)Ex: lighting a match (released or stored?)
Laws of ThermodynamicsLaws of Thermodynamics
First law —energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created nor destroyed.
Ex. Stored energy to chemical energy to mechanical energy
First law —energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created nor destroyed.
Ex. Stored energy to chemical energy to mechanical energy
Do Now!! (P. 6)Do Now!! (P. 6)
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
What are the three types of energy?
How can plants harness energy from the sun?
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
What are the three types of energy?
How can plants harness energy from the sun?
ObjectivesObjectives
To discuss the second law of thermodynamics
To define metabolism and differentiate between anabolic and catabolic pathways.
To define ATP
To read and analyze the article “Will we ever photosynthesize like plants?”
To discuss the second law of thermodynamics
To define metabolism and differentiate between anabolic and catabolic pathways.
To define ATP
To read and analyze the article “Will we ever photosynthesize like plants?”
Laws of ThermodynamicsLaws of Thermodynamics
Second law —energy cannot be converted without the loss of usable energy.
Ex. Energy Lost as Heat
Second law —energy cannot be converted without the loss of usable energy.
Ex. Energy Lost as Heat
Second Law of ThermodynamicsSecond Law of Thermodynamics
Entropy
Measure of unusable energy in a system.
Ex: thermal energy
Entropy always increases.
Entropy
Measure of unusable energy in a system.
Ex: thermal energy
Entropy always increases.
Do Now!! Do Now!!
Please take out your homework!
What are the 2 laws of thermodynamics?
What is entropy?
What is metabolism?
Please take out your homework!
What are the 2 laws of thermodynamics?
What is entropy?
What is metabolism?
ObjectivesObjectives
To define metabolism and differentiate between anabolic and catabolic pathways.
To define ATP
To be able to list the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis.
To be able to identify the structures of a chloroplast.
(“Quest” on photosynthesis next week!)
To define metabolism and differentiate between anabolic and catabolic pathways.
To define ATP
To be able to list the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis.
To be able to identify the structures of a chloroplast.
(“Quest” on photosynthesis next week!)
Review of Reactions…Review of Reactions…
Endothermic- uses energy to make bondsH + H H2
Energy put in
Exothermic- breaks bonds and releases energyH2 H + H
Energy Released
Endothermic- uses energy to make bondsH + H H2
Energy put in
Exothermic- breaks bonds and releases energyH2 H + H
Energy Released
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
o Autotrophs: make their own energy
Ex:
o Heterotrophs: have to eat to obtain energy
Ex:
o Autotrophs: make their own energy
Ex:
o Heterotrophs: have to eat to obtain energy
Ex:
Do Now!! (P.2)Do Now!! (P.2)
What is the first law of thermodynamics? The second law?
What is entropy?
What is the first law of thermodynamics? The second law?
What is entropy?
ObjectivesObjectives
To define metabolism and differentiate between anabolic and catabolic pathways.
To define ATP
To read and analyze the article “Will we ever photosynthesize like plants?”
To define metabolism and differentiate between anabolic and catabolic pathways.
To define ATP
To read and analyze the article “Will we ever photosynthesize like plants?”
MetabolismMetabolism
Metabolism:
All chemical reactions in a cell
Two types of Metabolic Pathways:
Catabolic: Release energy by breaking down larger molecules
Anabolic: Use energy to build larger molecules from smaller ones
Metabolism:
All chemical reactions in a cell
Two types of Metabolic Pathways:
Catabolic: Release energy by breaking down larger molecules
Anabolic: Use energy to build larger molecules from smaller ones
Think- Pair - ShareThink- Pair - Share
Of the following examples, list which ones are catabolic and anabolic
1. Amino acids becoming polypeptide chain
2. Glucose becoming glycogen
3. Your body breaking down food
4. Lifting weights and building up muscle mass
Of the following examples, list which ones are catabolic and anabolic
1. Amino acids becoming polypeptide chain
2. Glucose becoming glycogen
3. Your body breaking down food
4. Lifting weights and building up muscle mass
Adenosine Tri Phosphate (ATP)Adenosine Tri Phosphate (ATP)
ATP: most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy
Structure: Adenine base, ribose sugar, and 3 phosphate groups
Function: Releases energy when bonds are broken
ATP: most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy
Structure: Adenine base, ribose sugar, and 3 phosphate groups
Function: Releases energy when bonds are broken
Processes involving Energy…Processes involving Energy…
Cellular respiration —organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell-type of process:
Photosynthesis —light energy from the Sun is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell-type of process:
Cellular respiration —organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell-type of process:
Photosynthesis —light energy from the Sun is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell-type of process:
Next up… Photosynthesis!!Next up… Photosynthesis!!