division 04 masonary final

AL FATEH UNIVERSITY ODAC Division 04 Masonry øøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøøø

1 Al LABINA / AL MANAR in partnership with Hamza/ ECH/ LCE JV

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

DIVISION 04 : MASONRY



Foreword

The internationally recognized framework known as “Masterformat” released by the Construction

Specifications Institute (CSI) has been adopted in order to organize the sorting and numbering in the new

edition of the specifications in a manner that insures the easy flow and exchange of information among

specialists and the community of the building industry at large. The new edition involves 12 main

divisions. These divisions are:

Division 01: General Requirements

Division 02: Site work

Division 03: Concrete

Division 04: Masonry

Division 05: Metals

Division 06: Wood and Plastics

Division 07: Thermal and Moisture Protection

Division 08: Doors and Windows

Division 09: Finishes

Division 14: Conveying Systems

Division 15: Mechanical

Division 16: Electrical

Each Division comprises a number of related Sections. For example: Division 08 includes eight sections.

They are:

08100 Doors and Frames

08200 Wooden and Plastic Doors

08300 Special Doors

08400 Entrances and Storefronts

08500 Metal Windows

08600 Wooden and Plastic Windows

08700 Hardware

08800 Glazing

Further, each Section incorporates seven Parts as follows:

Part 1: General: This is mainly concerned with the references, quality control, submittals, programs,

and maintenance.



Part 2: Products: This gives a breakdown of material used in addition to their properties and place of

installation.

Part 3: Execution: The most significant items in this Part are the execution and installation of the works,

field quality control, as well as cleaning and protection methods.

Part 4: Methods of Measurement: This indicates the measurement units and the measuring methods

that shall be used for the Bills of Quantities.

Part 5: Basis of Payment: This indicates the work that shall be completed for each item of the Bills of

Quantities. It also indicates the ancillary works to be included in the unit rate.

Part 6: Annex: Tables and Figures: Those relevant to the individual Section.



DIVISION 04 MASONRY

INDEX

Division 01: General Requirements



Division 02: Sitework Division 03: Concrete Division 04: Masonry

04200 Unit Masonry

Division 05: Metals Division 06: Wood & Plastics Division 07: Thermal & Moisture Protection Division 08: Doors & Windows Division 09: Finishes Division 14: Conveying Systems Division 15: Mechanical Division 16: Electrical

AL FATEH UNIVERSITY ODAC Division 04 Masonry Section: 04200 Unit Masonry


Division 04 - Masonry

Section 04200 - Unit Masonry

Part 1: General 1 01 Summary

The work covered by this Section consists of providing all plant, labor and materials and performing all operations in connection with Masonry Work. These requirements shall apply to brick-, block- and stonework, methods of fixing walls, wall ties, anchors, damp-proof courses and joints.

1 01 01 Section includes 01.0 Manufactured Unit Masonry

02.0 Natural Stone Masonry 03.0 Glass Blocks.

04.0 Components 05.0 Accessories 06.0 Refractory Masonry 07.0 Chemical Resistant Masonry 08.0 Simulated masonry 09.0 Mortar and Masonry Grout 10.0 Masonry Restoration and Cleaning

1 01 04 Related Sections 02500 Paving and Surfacing

03200 Concrete Reinforcement 03300 Cast-In-Place Concrete 05810 Expansion Joint Cover Assemblies 07150 Dampproofing 07200 Insulation 07900 Joint Sealers 09300 Tile 09400 Terrazzo and Natural Stone Flooring

1 02 References 1 02 01 Applicable Standards 1 02 01 03 International Standards 1 02 01 04 USA Standards

1 02 01 04 01 American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM)

ASTM C 34: 96 Standard Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile ASTM C 55: 97 Standard Specification for Concrete Brick ASTM C 56: 96 Standard Specification for Structural Clay Non-Load-Bearing Tile

ASTM C 62: 97 Standard Specification for Building Brick (Solid Masonry Units made from Clay or Shale) ASTM C 67: 97 Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile



ASTM C 73: 97 Standard Specification for Calcium Silicate Face Brick (Sand-Lime Brick) ASTM C 90: 97 Standard Specification for Load-Bearing Concrete Masonry Units

ASTM C 91: 96 Standard Specification for Masonry Cement ASTM C 126: 96 Standard Specification for Ceramic Glazed Structural Clay FacingTile, Facing Brick, and Solid Masonry Units ASTM C 140: 96 Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units

ASTM C 141: 96 Standard Specification for Hydraulic Hydrated Lime for Structural Purposes ASTM C 144: 93 Standard Specification for Aggregate for Masonry Mortar

ASTM C 150: 97 Standard Specification for Portland Cement ASTM C 207: 91 Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes ASTM C 212: 96 Standard Specification for Structural Clay FacingTile

ASTM C 216: 97 Standard Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale) ASTM C 270: 97 Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry ASTM C 279: 88 Standard Specification for Chemical-Resistant Masonry Units

E1-1995 R (1995)

ASTM C 315: 96 Standard Specification for Clay Flue Linings ASTM C 331: 94 Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Concrete Masonry Units ASTM C 404: 95 Standard Specification for Aggregates for Masonry Grout ASTM C 476: 95 Standard Specification for Grout for Masonry ASTM C 652: 97 Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale) ASTM C 780: 96 Standard Test Method for Preconstruction and Construction Evaluation of Mortars for Plain and Reinforced Unit Masonry

E1-1997 ASTM C 901: 93 Standard Specification for Prefabricated Masonry Panels

ASTM C 952: 91 Standard Test Method for Bond Strength of Mortar to Masonry

Units ASTM C1019: 89 Standard Method for Sampling and Testing Grout

E1-1993 R (1993) ASTM C1142: 95 Standard Specification for Extended Life Mortar for Unit Masonry ASTM D1056: 98 Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials - Sponge or Expanded Rubber ASTM D1667: 97 Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials - Vinyl

Chloride Polymers and Copolymers (Closed Cell Foam) ASTM D1751: 83 Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Bituminous Types) ASTM D1752: 84 Standard Specification for Preformed Sponge Rubber and Cork Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction ASTM E 119: 95 Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials ASTM E 447 : 97 Standard Test Methods for Compressive Strength of Laboratory

Constructed Masonry Prisms.

1 02 01 04 02 American Concrete Institute (ACI)



ACI 530.1: 95 Specifications for Masonry Structures ASCE 5: 95 ACI SP-85: 85 Rehabilitation, Renovation, and Preservation of Concrete and Masonry Structures

1 02 01 05 European Standards DIN EN 771 Specification for masonry units

DIN EN 771-1: 92 Clay masonry units DIN EN 771-2: 92 Calcium silicate masonry units DIN EN 771-3: 92 Aggregate concrete masonry units (dense and lightweight aggregates) DIN EN 771-4: 92 Autoclaved aerated concrete masonry units DIN EN 771-5: 92 Manufactured stone masonry units DIN EN 771-6: 92 Natural stone masonry units

` BS EN 772 Methods of Test for Masonry Units BS EN 772-2: 98 Determination of percentage areas of voids in aggregate Concrete masonry units

BS EN 772-3: 98 Determination of net volume and percentage of voids of clay Masonry units by hydrostatic weighing

BS EN 772-7: 98 Determination of water absorption of clay masonry damp proof Courses by boiling in water

BS EN 772-9: 98 Determination of volume and percentage of voids and net volume of calcium silicate masonry units by sand filling

1 02 01 06 British Standards BS 12: 96 Portland Cement

BS 146: 96 Portland Blast furnace Cements

BS 187: 78 Specification for calcium silicate (sandlime and flintlime) bricks BS 493: 95 Specification for air bricks and gratings for wall ventilation BS 743: 70 Specification for materials for damp-proof courses BS 882: 92 Specification for aggregates from natural sources for concrete BS 890: 95 Specification for building limes

BS 1014: 75 Pigments for Portland Cements and Portland Cements Products BS 1181: 89 Specification for clay flue linings and flue terminals BS 1200: 76 Specification for building sands from natural sources (1996) BS 1217: 97 Specification for cast stone BS 1243: 78 Specification for metal ties for Cavity Wall construction BS 3056 Sizes of refractory bricks, Part 1 to 8 (1991/1993) BS 3921: 85 Specification for clay bricks (1995)

BS 4027: 96 Sulfate Resisting Portland Cement BS 4721: 81 Specification for ready-mixed building mortars (1986) BS 4729: 90 Specification for dimensions of bricks of special shapes and sizes BS 4887 Mortar admixtures BS 4887-1: 86 Specification for air-entraining (plasticizing) admixtures. BS 4887-2: 87 Specification for set retarding admixtures. BS 5224: 95 Specification for masonry cement BS 5642 Sills and copings BS 5642-1: 78 Specification for window sills of precast concrete, cast stone, clayware, slate and natural stone BS 5642-2 : 83 Specification for copings of precast concrete, cast stone, clayware, slate and natural stone BS 6073 Precast concrete masonry units BS 6073-1 : 81 Specification for precast concrete masonry units BS 6073-2 : 81 Method for specifying precast concrete masonry units BS 6100-5 Masonry BS 6100-5.1 : 92 Terms common to masonry (1998)



BS 6100-5.2 : 92 Stone (1998) BS 6100-5.3 : 84 Bricks and blocks (1997)

BS 6398: 83 Specification for damp-proof courses for masonry BS 6477: 92 Specification for water repellents for masonry surfaces

BS 6515: 84 Specification for polyethylene damp-proof courses for masonry BS 6649: 85 Specification for clay and calcium silicate modular bricks BS 8000 Workmanship on building sites

1 02 01 07 German Standards DIN 105 Clay bricks

DIN 105-1: 89 Solid bricks and vertically perforated bricks DIN 105-2: 89 Lightweight vertically perforated bricks DIN 105-3: 84 High strength bricks and high strength engineering bricks DIN 105-4: 84 Ceramic engineering bricks DIN 105-5: 84 Lightweight horizontally perforated bricks and lightweight horizontally perforated brick panels DIN 106 Sandlime bricks and blocks DIN 106-1: 89 Solid bricks, perforated bricks, solid blocks, hollow blocks DIN 106-2 : 80 Facing bricks and hard-burnt facing bricks DIN 1053 Masonry

DIN 1053-1: 96 Design and Construction

DIN 1053-2: 96 Masonry Strength classes on the basis of suitability tests

DIN 1053-3: 90 Reinforced masonry, design and construction

DIN 1053-4: 78 Building of Prefabricated Brickwork Components DIN 4243: 79 Hollow glass blocks; requirements and testing

1 02 02 Codes ACI 530: 95 Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures

ASCE 5: 92

ENV 1996: 95 Eurocode 6: Design of Masonry Structures

BS 5390: 76 Code of practice for stone masonry (1984) BS 5628 Code of practice for use of masonry

BS 5628-1: 92 Part 1: Structural use of unreinforced masonry BS 5628-2: 95 Part 2: Structural use of reinforced and prestressed masonry BS 5628-3: 85 Part 3: Materials and components, design and workmanship BS 8000-3: 89 Code of practice for masonry BS 8215: 91 Code of practice for design and installation of damp-proof courses in masonry construction

1 02 03 Other References 01.0 Masonry Designers’ Guide based on Building Code Requirements for Masonry

Structures (ACI 530:92) and Specifications for Masonry Structures (ACI 530.1:92). 02.0 Standard Method of Measurement (SMM) issued by the British 'Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and the National British Federation of Building Trade Employers'

03.0 Civil Engineering Standard Method of Measurement issued by the Institution of Civil Engineers (Thomas Telford, London 1985)

04.0 NCMA TEK 45 issued by: National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA) Herndon, VA 22071-3406 (USA)



05.0 ‘ILI Handbook’ issued by: Indiana Limestone Institute of America, Inc. (ILIA) Bedford, IN 47421 (USA)

1 03 Definitions 1 03 01 Technical Terms

For technical terms and definitions not listed below see: BS 6100: Part 5 Masonry.

Actual dimension - see: work size.

Additions - finely ground substances (e. g. pozzolana or pigments for producing colored mortar) added to modify certain properties of the mortar, the volumes of which are to be taken into account when designing the mix.

additives - this term is sometimes used for additions.

admixtures - substances added to the mortar and which, by chemical or physical action or by both, modify such properties of the mortar as its workability, hardening, setting, etc. They are added in negligible quantities.

autoclaving - steam curing at high pressure.

bed joint – mortar layer upon which masonry units are set

block - a masonry unit exceeding the length or width or height specified for bricks.

brick - a masonry unit with defined nominal dimensions acc. to the relevant standard.

brick earth - a mixture of clay and shale particularly suitable for brick or block making

cast stone - cast stone is manufactured from cement and natural aggregate for use in a manner similar to, and for the same purpose as, natural stone

cellular - unit with a defined volume of holes as per relevant standard which do not

effectively pass through the unit.

characteristic strength of masonry – the value of the strength of masonry below, which the probability of test results falling is not more than 5 %.

closer - portion of a masonry unit used to maintain masonry bond, either specially manufactured or cut.

collar joint – continuous vertical joint parallel to the face of the wall

common brick - a brick, which is suitable for general building work but which, has no special claim to give an attractive appearance.

compressive strength - the average value of the crushing strength of a specified number of masonry units.

coping - unit or assemblage placed at the head of a wall and designed to shed rainwater from the top of the wall clear of all exposed faces of the walling it is intended to protect.

co-ordinating size - the size of a co-ordinating space to a masonry unit, including allowances for joints and tolerances.

cross joint – joint, other than a bed joint, at right angles to the face of a wall

facing brick - bricks, which are specially made or selected to give an attractive appearance when, used without rendering or plaster or other surface treatment of the wall.

fixing unit - a masonry unit of the same dimensions as a brick, which permits the easy driving of, and provides a good purchase for nails or screws.



frogged brick - a brick with depressions in one or more bed faces.

grout - mixture of cementitious material and water, with or without aggregate, proportioned to produce a pourable consistency without segregation of the constituents.

hollow - unit with a defined volume of holes as per relevant standard passing through the unit.

jointing - finishing of a mortar joint as the work proceeds.

loadbearing brick - a brick which is suitable for brickwork bearing significant loads and conforming to defined limits of strength.

masonry - a material made from an assemblage of masonry units, either laid in situ or constructed in prefabricated panels, in which the masonry units shall be bonded and solidly put together with mortar.

masonry unit - a brick, a block or a fixing unit.

mortar - mixture of cement paste and fine aggregate.

nominal dimension - see: co-ordinating size.

perforated – unit with a defined volume of small holes not exceeding a defined area as per relevant standard passing through the unit.

pointing - filling and finishing of raked-out joints.

reconstructed stone - see cast stone, but reconstructed stone contains crushed stone.

solid - unit entirely solid or with a defined volume of holes as per relevant standard passing or nearly passing through the unit.

structural facing tile - see: facing brick.

trim unit - units of various shapes necessary to cover ends of walls or piers.

unit strength - see: compressive strength.

water absorption - weight of water picked up by a masonry unit - in particular clay and partial sandlime - during immersion at prescribed conditions expressed in relation to the dry weight of the unit.

work size - the size of a masonry unit specified for its manufacture, to which its actual size should conform within specified permissible deviations.

1 03 02 Abbreviations and Symbols B.o. Q. Bill of Quantities

Q.C. Quality Control

1 04 System Description 1 04 01 01 General

The design shall be in accordance with:

01.1 Masonry Designers’ Guide based on Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures and Specifications for Masonry Structures (ACI 530.1:92)

01.2 DIN 1053-1 : Masonry-Design and Construction (1996)

1 05 Submittals In compliance with conditions of contract and provisions of section 01300, the

following shall be submitted within forty five (45) days before masonry works to commence



1 05 01 Product Data The product data for each different masonry unit, accessory and other

manufactured product indicated.

1 05 02 Shop Drawings Shop drawings shall include :

01.0 complete layout and sections of unit masonry.

02.0 bending and placement of masonry reinforcing bars.

03.0 trim units, copings, fixing units and the like.

04.0 all accessories embedded in the masonry.

1 05 03 Samples Unless otherwise approved, sample panels shall not be part of the finished

construction but shall be retained at the job site until all work has been accepted.

01.0 Samples for initial selection purposes:

01.1 small-scale unit masonry samples showing full extent of colors and textures

01.2 colored masonry mortar samples showing full extent of manufacturer’s colors .

02. Samples for verification purposes:

02.1 full-size samples for each type of exposed masonry unit required showing full range of exposed colour, texture and dimensions expected in completed construction

02.2 weep holes/vents

02.3 accessories embedded in the unit masonry

1 05 04 Quality Control Submittals 01.0 Documented experience of site supervisor(s) and

mason(s) (see: ref. 1 06 01)

02.0 Reports and records of source Q.C. (see: ref. 1 06 04 03)

03.0 Reports and records of Contractor’s field Q.C. (see: ref. 3 04)

04.0 Reports and records of Contractor’s internal Q.C. (see: ref. 1 06 04 01)

05.0 Reports and records of Contractor's external Q.C. (see: ref. 1 06 04 02)

06.0 Mix design(s) of mortar and grout including test results as specified (see: ref. 2 09 01 05)

07.0 Manufacturer's instructions concerning handling, installation and maintenance of unit masonry, grout, mortar and accessories.

1 05 05 02 Operation & Maintenance Data 1 05 05 02 01 Chemical Resistant Masonry

Appropriate maintenance, safety and health instructions shall be established and submitted prior to use.



1 05 06 Other Submittals 01.0 Records and reports of Contractor’s major equipment.

02.0 Schedules and Programs.

1 06 Quality Assurance Sampling, testing and checking shall be recorded on a daily basis

(i.e. indicating day, month, year) including corrective actions taken by the Contractor if necessary.

Reports and records shall be available for assessment to the Engineer not later than three (3) days after testing and checking.

Reports and records shall be established in a manner to ensure traceability between records, test results and locations of placed masonry units.

Arrangements shall be made in Contractor’s work schedule and time allowed for testing and checking as indicated.

The Contractor shall permit and facilitate access of the Engineer’s representatives to the construction site and assist the performance of all activities for quality assurance.

1 06 01 Qualifications Site supervisor shall have knowledge of referenced standards and at least

five (5) years of documented experience in masonry works. He shall have had successfully completed masonry works similar in material, design, and extent to that work indicated for the Project .

Masons shall be familiar with all materials and installation procedures and shall be skilled and trained.

1 06 03 Certifications Certificates of Compliance issued by an independent agency/laboratory (approved

by the Engineer), and not more than 12 months old, indicating that any material proposed by the Contractor meets or exceeds the requirements of the referenced standards, shall be submitted by the Contractor prior to execution of any work, in particular for masonry units, grout, mortar and accessories.

1 06 04 Quality Control 1 06 04 01 Internal Quality Control

Contractors internal Q.C. shall include but not be limited to:

Checking suppliers test certificates and certificates of compliance for masonry units, grout, mortar and accessories to be delivered to the job site prior to first delivery and each shipment that comes from another source than the previous one to conform compliance with specifications.

Checking suppliers delivery tickets of each delivery for completeness and compliance with supply order and specifications.

Checking quality of masonry units prior to use in construction.

Checking proper storage of materials at least every two (2) weeks.

Examination and verification of foundations and embedded items and accessories prior to the start of masonry construction.

Checking temperatures and providing precautionary measures for hot or cold weather construction.



1 06 04 02 External Quality Control External quality control tests as indicated under Clause 3 04 shall be performed by

approved laboratories under Contractor’s responsibility. Cost of these services shall be paid by the Contractor.

1 06 04 03 Source Quality Control The source quality control is the responsibility of the Contractor.

Masonry units shall be sampled and tested at the source prior to first delivery.

1 07 Delivery, Storage and Handling 1 07 01 Packing and Shipping

Masonry units shall be clearly indicated and marked on the delivery note, invoice or supplier's certificate supplied with a consignment of units, in particular : the name, trade mark or other means of identification of the manufacturer. the number and designation of the bricks or blocks supplied as specified the inspection agency, e.g. identified by an inspection mark the number and date of the standard(s) applied the type of brick, i.e. solid, cellular, hollow or perforated the commercial name of the brick or block if any the date of delivery the consignee the country of origin the class or compressive strength the work size of the masonry unit

All materials shall not be contaminated.

Damaged masonry units, damaged packaged materials, and damaged accessories will not be accepted and shall be replaced.

1 07 02 Storage and Protection Masonry units and cementitious materials shall be stored and handled off the

ground, under cover, and in a dry location.

Masonry accessories and reinforcement shall be stored in appropriate shelters.

1 08 Project and Site Conditions 1 08 02 Environmental Requirements

01.0 Dust Control Dust caused by contractor’s operations on and near work shall be controlled by use of all means necessary.

02.0 Pollution Prevention Necessary precautions shall be taken to prevent pollution of ground with fuel, oil, chemicals or other harmful materials.



Part 2: Products 2 01 Manufactured Unit Masonry 2 01 01 Clay Units

Clay units shall be made of clay, shale or loam with brick earth, subsequently made durable by firing to high temperatures. The density may be reduced by additives.

Clay units shall be tested in accordance with SASO 184.

2 01 01 01 Clay Bricks The permissible variations in dimensions of individual units shall not exceed the

actual dimension by more than +/-3 % unless otherwise stated.

Bricks shall be regularly shaped units with flat, level and true faces.

Dimensions and other properties shall be as indicated in the Project B.o.Q.

Following supplementary standard(s) shall apply:

01.1 DIN EN 771-1

01.2 BS 3921, 4729, and 6649

01.3 DIN 105

01.4 ASTM C34, C56, C62, C126, C212 and C216

2 01 01 02 Clay Blocks The permissible variations in dimensions of individual units shall not exceed the

specified dimension by more than +/-4 % unless otherwise stated.

Blocks shall be regularly shaped units with flat, level and true faces.

Dimensions shall be as indicated in the Project B.o.Q.


01.1 DIN EN 771-1

01.2 DIN 105

01.3 ASTM C652

2 01 02 Concrete Units 2 01 02 01 Concrete Bricks

The permissible variations in actual dimensions in the mean shall not exceed: length: +4, -2 mm, width: -2 mm, height: +/-2 mm, unless otherwise stated.

Bricks shall be regularly shaped units with flat, level and true faces.



01.1 DIN EN 771-3, 771-4

01.2 BS 6073

01.3 ASTM C55

2 01 02 02 Concrete Blocks The permissible variations in dimensions in the mean shall not exceed +/-4 mm

unless otherwise stated in accordance with the relevant standard.



Blocks generally shall be regularly shaped units with flat, level and true faces.



01.1 DIN EN 771-3, 771-4

01.2 BS 6073

01.3 ASTM C145

2 01 03 Calcium Silicate (Sandlime) Units 2 01 03 01 Calcium Silicate (Sandlime) Bricks

The permissible variations in dimensions in the mean shall not exceed: length: +/ -2 mm, unless otherwise stated.

Sandlime bricks shall have the shape of a unit defined by rectangles, and shall be free from cracks, large pebbles, balls of clay, or particles of lime.


Following supplementary standard(s) shall apply:,

01.1 DIN EN 771-2

01.2 BS 187 and 6649

01.3 ASTM C145

01.4 DIN 106

2 01 03 02 Calcium Silicate (Sandlime) Blocks The permissible variations in dimensions in the mean shall not exceed:

length: +/ -2 mm, unless otherwise stated.

Sandlime blocks shall have the shape of a unit defined by rectangles, and shall be free from cracks, large pebbles, balls of clay, or particles of lime.


01.0 Sandlime blocks shall conform to the standard(s):

01.1 DIN EN 771-2

01.2 DIN 106

2 02 Natural Stone Masonry Stone masonry shall conform to BS 5390.

2 02 01 Natural Stone Blocks Natural stone shall be obtained from a source proposed by the Contractor and

approved by the Engineer. The Contractor shall confirm that the quarry can supply the quantity required for the project to the dimensions and quality as indicated.

Natural stone units shall be made from blocks of stone, square dressed to dimensions indicated and appropriate.

The permitted tolerance for length, width and thickness of stone units shall be +/- 3 mm related to the sizes indicated.

Sizes and quality shall be in accordance with DIN EN 771-6.

The natural stone shall be

01.0 igneous

02.0 sedimentary



03.0 metamorphic

04.0 as indicated in the Project B.O.Q. or in the Drawings

2 02 02 Natural Stone Lintels Stone lintels shall comply with the requirements of BS 5642.

2 02 03 Embedded Items Metal dowels and fixings shall comply with BS 5390 (9.1) and shall be non-

corrodible non-ferrous metal and / or stainless steel and / or galvanized steel

2 03 Glass Blocks Glass blocks shall be of soda-lime silicon and shall comply with DIN 4243.

Glass blocks shall be hermetically sealed.

The permissible variations in dimensions in the mean shall not exceed: length: +/ -2 mm, unless otherwise stated.


Thermal resistance value in (m2 * k) / W and maximum allowed sound transmission shall be as indicated.

The following material specifications and properties shall be as indicated in the Project B.o.Q.:

01.0 block type

02.0 solar reflection

03.0 transparency

04.0 texture

2 04 Components 2 04 01 Air Bricks

Air bricks shall comply with BS 493, class 1 units: Airbricks for external use.

Air bricks shall be units having apertures to allow for the passage of air and shall be built into external walls. They shall be, as stated in BS 493, constructed of clay, concrete, fireclay, terra-cotta, cast iron, copper, aluminum or stainless steel as indicated.

The strength shall be as indicated and shall be adequate for the location where it is to be used.

2 04 02 Exit Air Chimneys Exit air chimneys for ventilation purposes shall be constructed from bricks, blocks

or rigid sheet materials and shall be as indicated in the Drawings.

Chimneys may also be required to have a degree of fire resistance to be indicated

2 04 03 Wall Ventilators and Gratings Wall ventilators and gratings for internal use shall comply with BS 493, class 2

units.

2 04 04 Coping Units Coping units shall comply with BS 5642 : Part 2.

Coping units shall be made of

01.0 clay



02.0 precast concrete

03.0 cast stone

04.0 natural stone

05.0 slate

06.0 as indicated in the Project B.o.Q. or in the Drawings

2 05 Accessories 2 05 01 Joint Reinforcement

Joint reinforcement shall consist of metal rods, hoops or mesh reinforcement complying with

01.0 ACI 530/530.1

02.0 BS 5628 : Part 2

2 05 02 Anchors Anchors for masonry and stonework shall be of stainless steel, to sizes, shapes

and thicknesses suitable for the function to be fulfilled.

Anchors shall comply with

01.0 ACI 530/530.1

02.0 BS 5628

2 05 03 Ties Wall ties shall be manufactured from stainless steel wire or strip of strength and

thickness as indicated and shown in Fig. 2.3 (see Part 6: Annex) unless otherwise approved by the Engineer.

Wall ties shall comply with

01.0 ACI 530/530.1

02.0 BS 1243

2 05 04 Expansion Joint Filling Materials In general, Section 07900 Joint Sealers shall apply.

Following standards shall also apply for expansion joint filling materials:

01.0 Premoulded closed-cell cellular rubber expansion joint-material shall comply with ASTM D 1056.

02.0 Premoulded closed-cell vinyl or polyvinyl chloride expansion joint material shall comply with ASTM D 1667.

03.0 Bitumized softboard shall conform to ASTM D 1751.

2 06 Refractory Masonry 2 06 01 Clay Flue Liners

The clay and any glaze used for flue liners shall be of strength as indicated, low-water permeability, resistant to high temperatures, and high resistant to acid attack. Clay flue liners shall have a uniformly smooth surface.

Clay flue liners and flue terminals for use with heating appliances and incinerators shall comply with

01.0 BS 1181

02.0 ASTM C 315



2 06 02 Fireclay Refractories Bricks shall be true to form and have sharp edges and shall be free from

deleterious cracks, laminations, cavities and black core.

Fireclay refractories shall comply with

01.0 BS 3056

02.0 ASTM C 315

2 07 Chemical Resistant Masonry 2 07 01 Acid-resistant Bricks

Bricks shall be true to form and be free from deleterious substances.

Acid-resistant bricks shall comply with ASTM C 279.

2 08 Simulated Masonry 2 08 01 General

Definitions and terms see: BS 6100: Part 5: Section 5.2.

Simulated masonry may be of mineral, epoxy, or fiberglass type.

The ingredients of the stone shall be mixed and poured into moulds in order to produce the type, the size and face finish as indicated.

2 08 02 Cast Stone 01.0 Cast stone shall comply with

01.1 DIN EN 771-5

01.2 BS 1217

02.0 The minimum compressive strength shall be 25 MPa.

03.0 The maximum drying shrinkage shall be 0.04 %.

04.0 The texture and the colour of the units shall be uniformly throughout.

2 08 03 Reconstructed Stone 01.0 Reconstructed stone shall comply with

01.1 DIN EN 771-5

01.2 BS 1217

02.0 The minimum compressive strength shall be 25 MPa.

03.0 The maximum drying shrinkage shall be 0.04 %.

04.0 The texture and the colour of the units shall be uniformly throughout.

05.0 Reconstructed stone shall be made of natural stone as approved by the Engineer.

2 09 Mortar and Masonry Grout 2 09 01 Mortar

Masonry mortar ingredients shall be of uniform quality and colour to be obtained from one source or one manufacturer.

Calcium chloride is not allowed in mortar or grout.

Mortar shall be of the type and colour as indicated and shall conform to

01.0 ASTM C 270



02.0 BS 5390 and BS 5628 - Part 3

2 09 01 01 Aggregates 2 09 01 01 01 Natural Aggregates

Natural sand shall be graded in accordance with:

01.0 ASTM C 144

02.0 BS 882 and BS 1200

2 09 01 01 02 Manufactured Aggregates Manufactured sand shall be graded in accordance with ASTM C 144

2 09 01 01 03 Lightweight Aggregates Lightweight aggregates shall comply with:

01.0 BS 877 : Part 2

02.0 BS 3797 : Part 2

2 09 01 01 04 Aggregates of Mortar for Special Joints 01.0 For thin joints (e.g. for ashlared stone) the aggregates shall conform to the

relevant standard and not less than 100 % passing the 2.36 mm sieve and not less than 90 % passing the 1.18 mm sieve.

02.0 For construction employing joints thicker than 12 mm (e.g. rubble walling) a coarser aggregate shall be used complying with ASTM C 404.

2 09 01 02 Binder 2 09 01 02 01 Cement

For cement in general see: Section 03300 Cast-In-Place Concrete.

Cement shall conform to standard(s)

01.0 BS 12

02.0 BS 146

03.0 BS 4027

04.0 BS 5224

05.0 ASTM C 91

06.0 ASTM C 150

2 09 01 02 02 Lime Lime shall only be used in conjunction with cement. For mix proportions see:

Clause 2 09 01 05 Mixes.

Lime shall comply with

01.0 ASTM C 207 ‘Hydrated lime for masonry purposes’

02.0 ASTM C141 ‘Hydraulic hydrated lime for structural purposes’

03.0 BS 890

2 09 01 02 03 Epoxy resin Epoxy resin shall be a proprietary product, to be used strictly in accordance with

the instructions of the manufacturer.



2 09 01 03 Water Water for mortar mixing shall be potable unless otherwise indicated and approved.

2 09 01 04 Admixtures and Additions Admixtures and additions shall be proprietary products used in the proportions and

manner recommended by the manufacturer.

2 09 01 04 01 Admixtures Any mortar with admixtures shall first stand a suitability test and has to be

approved by the Engineer.

2 09 01 04 02 Additions The additions shall in no way adversely affect the mortar strength or contain

chemicals which may be harmful to other building materials.

It is strictly forbidden to add gypsum to the cement or mortar.

2 09 01 05 Mixes The basic materials for mortar (aggregates, binder, water, etc.) shall be mixed for

at least three (3) minutes with the minimum amount of water to produce a correctly mixed workable consistency in a mechanical batch mixer.

Mortar shall be mixed by volume in approved gauge boxes.

For small jobs only, hand mixing shall be permitted on condition of approval by the Engineer or his Representative.

The mortar strength shall not exceed the strength of the materials to be bond together. Mortars shall be mixed in batches which can be used within a period before the setting process commences. Once a mix begins to go off it shall be discarded, no ingredients shall be added to it once the setting process begun.

Mortar for refractories or acid-resisting brickwork shall be a type suitable for the particular application.

2 09 01 05 01 Cement Based Mortar 01.0 Mortar shall conform to:

01.1 ASTM C 270

01.2 BS 5628

02.0 Mortar shall have a mix proportion of cement : sand = 1 : 3.

2 09 01 05 02 Cement/Lime Based Mortar for Masonry General 01.0 Mortar shall conform to

01.1 ASTM C 270

01.2 BS 5628

02.0 Mortar shall have a mix proportion of cement : lime : sand = 1 : 2 : 9.

03.0 Mortar for joint reinforced walling shall have a mix proportion of cement : lime : sand = 1 : 1/4 : 3.

2 09 01 05 03 Mortar for Glassblocks Mortar should be fatty and not very wet.

A suitable mix is cement : slaked lime putty : sand = 1 : 1 : 4.

The recommendations of the glass block manufacturer shall be observed.



2 09 01 05 04 Cement/Lime Based Mortar for Stone Masonry 01.0 Mortar shall conform to BS 5628 and BS 5390

02.0 Mortar shall have a mix proportion of cement : lime : sand = 1 : 3 : 10.

2 09 01 05 05 Colored Mortar 01.0 Colored mortar shall obtain its colour from pigments complying with BS

1014 and the pigments shall not exceed 10 % by weight of the cement in the mortar.

02.0 The colour shall be approved as part of a mock-up sample.

2 09 01 05 06 Ready-Mixed Mortar Ready-mixed mortar shall be equivalent to the mortar specified above and shall

only be used with the approval by the Engineer.

Ready-mixed mortar shall comply with

01.0 BS 4721

02.0 ASTM C 1142

2 09 02 Grout 2 09 02 01 General Masonry grout shall comply with ASTM C476

2 10 Masonry Restoration and Cleaning 2 10 01 Masonry Cleaner Masonry cleaner shall be a job-mixed detergent solution, a job-mixed acidic

solution or a propriatory acidic solution to be proposed by the Contractor subject to the approval of the Engineer.

2 10 02 Masonry Coating Water repellent shall comply with BS 6477 and shall be of class as indicated.



Part 3: Execution 3 01 General Examination 3 01 01 Verification Of Conditions Prior to the start of masonry construction, the Contractor shall verify that

foundations are constructed within the following tolerances:

Actual width or length shall be at the most 10 mm smaller than the specified dimensions.

Variation in alignment: +/- 5 mm in 3 m.

Variation from specified elevations: +/- 10 mm.

Variation from level or specified slope: +/- 5 mm in 3 m.

The Contractor shall verify that the reinforcing dowels are positioned as specified in the standards and indicated in the drawings.

In the event the conditions above are not met, the Engineer shall be advised and remedial directions requested.

3 02 General Preparation Set out building relative to securely marked or pegged reference lines and datum

levels, check squareness, securely fix datum and profile marks, leave datum level points in positions so that a gauge rod can be used for coursing other heights.

Set out starting course anticipating the positions of openings etc. to avoid unnecessary cutting.

When materials and components are distributed to the work position ensure that neither construction nor scaffolding is overloaded and that their protection is maintained to prevent any damage or deterioration before use.

Construction procedure must be planned in advance to ensure the necessary safety of personnel engaged in formwork and concrete placement and the integrity of the finished structure.

3 03 Installation 3 03 01 Manufactured Unit Masonry 3 03 01 01 Examination and Preparation The Contractor shall remove laitence, loose aggregate and anything else which

would prevent mortar from bonding to the foundation prior to placing masonry.

To prevent undue absorption of moisture from the mortar, especially in warm weather, highly absorbent units shall be wetted before laying. The same effect can be achieved by using mortar of high water retentivity or by moist curing of the masonry.

Installation works shall not proceed until satisfactory conditions are provided.

The Contractor shall notify the Engineer in writing of any defects or conditions that will prevent a satisfactory masonry work.

The work in progress will be inspected and materials, equipment and procedures will be evaluated for quality and acceptability by the Engineer.



3 03 01 02 Techniques and Workmanship 3 03 01 02 01 Laying: Bricks shall be laid on a full bed of mortar and all cross joints and collar joints

should be filled. Immediately after the brick is laid, excess mortar should be struck off the external face of the work and off the internal face of leaves of cavity walls.

Solid and cellular blocks shall normally be laid on a full bed of mortar and cross joints and collar joints should be filled.

All beds of mortar shall be level and straight and vertical joints formed so as to present a uniform pattern of bond.

Units shall be adjusted in position only while the mortar is still soft and plastic. Any unit disturbed after mortar has begun to set shall be removed, cleaned and re-laid with fresh mortar. Damaged units shall not be re-used. No portion of masonry shall be built up more than 1 m high at a time. Work which is stopped and later resumed shall not be toothed and bonded together, but the work shall be racked back in preparation for re-commencement. All masonry to receive plaster, stucco or any other such applied finish shall have sufficiently rough-keyed surfaces and/or joints.

Exposed masonry shall be of uniform texture and colour or a uniform blend within the ranges accepted for these characteristics and shall be obtained from one source or manufacturer. No section of the work shall be constructed with a mixture of units from differing sources. Batches from the same manufacturer or source shall be mixed to ensure that no patchiness results from allowable natural manufacturing variations in colour.

Units erected, when the ambient air has a temperature of more than 42 deg C in the shade and a relative humidity of less than 50 %, shall be protected from direct exposure to wind and sun for 48 hours after construction. The absorption rates of masonry units shall be adjusted by previously wetting to ensure a good solid bond with the mortar.

3 03 01 02 02 Bonding: All masonry for half-brick thick walls or single thickness blockwork and stonework

shall be laid in stretcher bond (i.e. the vertical joint between units in one course shall be offset by at least one-quarter of the length of the unit to the vertical joints in the course above and below) (see 6: Annex, Fig.1).

Brick walls over a half-brick wide and block walls of more than one block thickness shall be either tied together with wall ties or bonded to give stability to the wall.

3 03 01 02 03 Joint Reinforcement: Joint Reinforcement shall be laid in mortar beds as indicated and shall not be

visible on any exposed face.

3 03 01 02 04 Built-in Items: Anchors, ties, pipe sleeves, flashings, lintels and the like indicated to be built into

the work shall be inserted and executed as the work proceeds.

Wall ties cast in with concrete shall be bent down after the removal of formwork and securely jointed into the mortar beds of walling.

3 03 01 02 05 Chases, Holes and the like: Chases, holes, sinkings and mortises for other trades shall be correctly located

and formed to the sizes as required by the relevant trades.



Chases and holes shall be cut neatly and without damaging the walls. The restrictions of BS 8000 : Part 3; (3.7.9) shall apply.

3 03 01 02 06 Jointing and Pointing: In facing work and fair faced work joints shall be finished to the specified profile

as the work proceeds.

Pointing shall be carried out to the colour, texture and finish as indicated.

Pointing shall be carried out from the top of the wall downwards. The joints shall be raked out to a depth of 20mm, shall be well-brushed to remove dust and loose material, and shall be lightly wetted with a brush.

Typical jointing and pointing shows see 6 Annex.: Fig. 3.

3 03 01 02 07 Damp-Proof Courses: In general, Section 07150 Dampproofing shall apply:.

Damp-proof course shall be laid on even mortar bed, free from projections which may puncture the material. Where a damp-proof course is to be stepped only flexible membranes shall be used.

3 03 01 02 08 Insulation: In general, Section 07200 Insulation shall apply:

Insulation to be inserted into the cavities or applied to faces of brickwork or blockwork shall be executed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

Where foam insulation is to be inserted into cavities, holes and openings shall be sealed prior to injection to prevent seepage of the foam.

Loose fill insulation shall be poured into cavities from the top of each wall section completed, where indicated or directed, and shall be allowed to form its natural density and shall not be tamped.

3 03 01 02 09 Expansion Joints: Expansion joints shall be built into walls as indicated.

Structural expansion joints within the building structure shall be carried through the entire wall thickness.

All faces of units abutting expansion joints shall be square and true and thoroughly cleaned.

For expansion joint cover see Section 05810and for joint sealers see Section 07900.

3 03 01 03 Interface with other Products 3 03 01 03 01 Embedded Items Materials for anchorages, dowels and fixings shall comply with

BS 5628 : Part 3; Section 2.

Unless otherwise directed, joint reinforcement, ties, and anchors - if not made of stainless steel - shall be galvanized in accordance with ACI 530.1 (3.2.1.4).

3 03 01 04 Tolerances Masonry shall be erected within the tolerances specified in ACI 530.1 (2.3.3.2)

unless otherwise indicated or directed.

The permissible variation of walls shall not exceed 15 mm above and below the plumb, and horizontal lines, and the specified dimensions.

Mortar beds and vertical joints shall be 12 mm thick.



The reinforcement shall be laid to every fourth course or within 500 mm at the most, with a minimum of 150 mm laps at overlaps and junctions.

Walls or partitions abutting concrete columns or walls shall be securely anchored and tied with metal anchors or ties at not more than 450 mm vertical centers.

For pointing, masonry joints shall be raked out to a depth of 20 mm and left clean and ready for pointing.

3 03 01 05 Cavity Walls Cavity walls shall consist of both an outer and inner skin, each of which may be

either brickwork, blockwork or stone as indicated.

3 03 01 05 01 Techniques and Workmanship The two skins separated by a cavity shall be tied together with ties or cramps as

indicated in the drawings and ties shall be placed at staggered centers (for a typical detail see 6 Annex: Fig. 2.1/2.2).

Ties shall be placed at staggered centers 900 mm horizontally and 450 mm vertically.

Weep holes shall be provided at 800 mm centers where lintels or any other solid objects bridge the cavity.

All cavity walls shall be solidly closed at jambs and openings.

A damp-proof course shall be built into the closure when indicated.

The cavity must be kept free from mortar droppings, rubbish and other deleterious matter.

Cavity wall damp-proof courses must be sloped towards the outer skin.

Weep holes shall be provided as indicated. The cavity side of weep holes shall be covered with cotton or plastic insect screen cloth before placing any loose fill insulation into cavities (see 6 Annex: Fig. 2.1/2.2).

For damp-proof courses see Section 07150 Dampproofing.

3 03 01 06 Masonry Facings 3 03 01 06 01 Special Techniques and Workmanship Masonry facings shall be laid in stretcher bond and with well-filled mortar beds.

For a typical detail of masonry facings see 6 Annex: Fig.4.

All linings less than 115 mm shall be tied at the back face to the structure and at abutments with ties or anchors.

3 03 01 07 Curved Walls Curved walls shall be built as indicated from either rectangular shaped units with

tapering joints or from special curved units with standard thickness joints .

The mortar beds and joints shall be of regular thicknesses to present an even appearance. The wall shall be well-supported to prevent any movement especially in arches and the like, prior to setting.

All curved walls shall be built to an even radius with no unit being built out of line.

3 03 01 08 Coping Units Copings shall be set with faces plumb and true in a full bed of mortar. Upon

completion of the walls the remainder of the bed joint shall be filled solidly with mortar front and back and the exterior face of the mortar tooled smooth.



3 03 01 09 Exit Air Chimneys Chimneys shall be constructed with a minimum of bends or offsets, and shall

project vertically through any roof finish a minimum of 500 mm. The tops of chimneys shall be capped, and sides shall be free, louvered or grilled as indicated to provide an area of free air space not less than the cross-sectional area of the chimney.

Chimneys passing through fire resisting elements shall have a fire resistance as indicated.

3 03 01 10 Glass Blockwork Glass blocks are not intended to carry superimposed loads and are to be built in

panels free of the main structure. They carry their own weight up to 6 m height of panel and resist lateral pressure if individual panels do not exceed 11 m2 in area. Panels exceeding 1.8 m in width shall be reinforced with approved gauge expanded metal strips in every fourth course, the ends being built at least 150 mm into adjoining masonry unless the glass blocks are retained within rebates in the brickwork. Panels exceeding 6 m in width shall be vertically reinforced unless otherwise indicated or directed.

Mortar joints shall be 6 mm for external and 5 mm for internal work..

The bottom course of a panel should be bedded in bitumen or similar material to allow for slight movement, and there should be a clearance of 12 mm on the other three sides, filled with mastic or fiberglass to allow for expansion.

The jointing and horizontal surfaces shall be coated so as to provide a satisfactory bond between the glass and the mortar. The recommendations of the manufacturer shall be observed

3 03 02 Natural Stone Masonry 3 03 02 01 Examination and Preparation Contractor shall check that the blocks delivered are of proper dimensions and will

work-in satisfactorily.

Traditional stone masonry work including walls, arches and vaults shall comply with BS 5390 and BS 5642.

3 03 02 02 Techniques and Workmanship 3 03 02 02 01 Laying: Natural stone units in walls shall be laid on their natural bed . The natural bed is

the plane of stratification in a sedimentary rock. The natural bed of voussoirs shall be parallel to their mortar joint. The natural bed of cornices shall be vertical. No angled mitered joints shall be allowed in any part of the work.

All work such as mortises for dowels, cramps and the like shall be performed by a qualified stonemason and all dowels, cramps and other methods of fixing correctly inserted, and bedded and grouted into the unit as indicated.

The type of walling shall be as indicated in the Project B.o.Q.

or the Project drawings.

3 03 02 02 02 Bonding If any bond other than stretcher bond is indicated in the Drawings, the Contractor shall

provide the necessary shop drawings.

3 03 02 02 03 Jambs, Corners and Reveals Jambs, corners, reveals and the like shall be built plumb, true and the work laid out to

minimize the use of small cut units which give no structural support.



Units used at edges and corners of exposed work shall not detract from the aesthetic appearance of the wall.

3 03 02 03 Interface with other Products 3 03 02 03 01 Embedded Items By all means, the Contractor shall co-ordinate with the stone supplier to avoid the

cutting of holes and chases in stone on Site. Where these are required they should be cut by an experienced stone mason upon approval by the Engineer.

Fixing of metal with stone shall comply with BS 5390.

3 03 02 04 Tolerances 3 03 02 04 01 Ashlar Walling Ashlared stone shall be finely square dressed blocks as approved by the Engineer.

The tolerances of the dimensions of the units shall be so as to produce beds and joints of not greater than 5 mm in thickness.

3 03 02 04 02 Rubble Walling

The beds and joints shall not exceed 25 mm in thickness. 3 03 03 Refractory Masonry 3 03 03 01 General During construction of flues with flue linings of proprietary flue blocks or refractory

bricks the following must be observed:

01.0 all joints shall be filled with jointing and caulking materials in accordance with the manufacturer’s sitework instructions.

02.0 at the joints of socketed flue liners, the inner surface of the lining shall be smooth

03.0 the void between brick chimney and flue liners shall be filled with lightweight concrete or weak mortar.

04.0 no cracked or broken liner sections and no cut lengths to form bends shall be used.

3 03 03 02 Proprietary Flue Blocks Blocks shall be coursed properly with the outer blockwork walls observing

manufacturer’s sitework instructions.

3 03 03 03 Refractory Brick Flue Linings By installing of refractory brick flue linings following must be observed:

01.0 only special mortar in accordance with the manufacturer’s sitework instructions shall be used.

02.0 all joints, vertically and horizontally, shall be completely filled, finished flush with the face of the bricks, and shall have the thickness according to the manufacturer’s sitework instructions.

03.0 the lining shall be bonded to the outer brickwork with refractory bricks in accordance with the manufacturer’s sitework instructions.



3 03 04 Chemical Resistant Masonry Chemical-resistant bricks shall be installed with chemical resistant mortar in

accordance with the manufacturer’s sitework instructions.

For installation see 3 03 01 Manufactured Unit Masonry.

3 03 05 Simulated Masonry For installation see: 3 03 01 Manufactured Unit Masonry.

3 03 06 Mortar and Masonry Grout 3 03 06 01 Mortar For handling and preparation of mixes see: 2 09 01 05.

For jointing and pointing see: 3 03 01 02 06.

Placing of mortar shall comply with ACI 530.1 (2.3.3.3).

3 03 06 02 Grout For handling and preparation of mixes see: 2 09 02.

Spaces to be grouted shall be free of mortar dropping, debris, loose aggregates, and any material deleterious to masonry grout.

Placing of grout shall comply with ACI 530.1 (4.3).

3 03 07 Masonry Restoration and Cleaning Restoration and cleaning shall comply with ACI SP-85.

Potable water and detergents shall be used for cleaning unless otherwise approved.

Acid or caustic solutions shall not be used unless otherwise directed or indicated.

3 04 Field Quality Control 3 04 01 General Inspection and quality control testing shall conform to the requirements of Clause

1 06 Quality Assurance and ACI 530.1 (1.5).

In addition, the testing agency, designated and approved by the Engineer, will have specific duties as mentioned under Clauses 3 04 02 and 3 04 03.

3 04 02 Testing Frequency Tests and evaluations listed below will be performed during construction for each

150 m2 of wall area or as indicated.

3 04 03 Testing Methods 3 04 03 01 Prism Test Method For each type of wall construction indicated, masonry prism shall be tested

according to: ASTM E 447 (Method B) . One set of prism for testing at 7 days and one set for testing at 28 days shall be provided.

3 04 03 02 Mortar Properties Mortar properties shall be tested according to ASTM C 270.

3 04 03 03 Mortar Composition Mortar composition shall be tested according to ASTM C 780.



3 04 03 04 Grout Compressive Strength Grout compressive strength shall be sampled and tested according to ASTM C

1019.

3 04 03 05 Evaluation of Quality Control Tests In absence of other indications of noncompliance with the requirements, masonry

will be considered satisfactory if results from construction quality control tests comply with the minimum requirements indicated.

3 05 Adjusting and Cleaning 3 05 01 Adjusting Remove and replace masonry units that are loose, chipped, broken, stained, or

otherwise damaged or if units do not match adjoining units. Install new units to match adjoining units and in fresh mortar or grout, point to eliminate evidence of replacement.

When pointing joints, enlarge any voids or holes, except weep holes, and completely fill with mortar.

3 05 02 Cleaning 3 05 02 01 General Masonry shall be free of stains, efflorescence, mortar or grout droppings, and

debris.

After mortar is thoroughly set and cured, clean exposed masonry as follows:

Unless otherwise indicated or directed masonry shall be cleaned with cleaners in accordance with Clause 2 10 01.

Test cleaning methods on sample wall panel: leave 1/2 panel uncleaned for comparison purposes. Obtain Engineer’s approval of sample cleaning before proceeding with cleaning of masonry.

01.0 Remove large mortar particles by hand with wooden paddles and non-metallic scrape hoes or chisels.

02.0 Adjacent stone and non-masonry surfaces shall be protected from contact with cleaner by covering them with liquid strippable masking agent, polyethylene film or waterproof masking tape subject to the approval of the Engineer.

03.0 Wall surfaces shall be wetted with water prior to application of cleaners: remove cleaners promptly by rinsing thoroughly with clear water.

3 05 02 02 Clay Masonry Clay masonry shall be cleaned by means of bucket and brush hand-cleaning

method. The masonry cleaner: as indicated (see Clause 2 06).

3 05 02 03 Concrete Masonry Concrete masonry shall be cleaned by means of method indicated in NCMA TEK

45 applicable to type of stain present on exposed surfaces.

3 05 02 04 Glass Masonry Clean glass unit masonry after mortar has attained final set before it has dried on

block surfaces by use of scrub brush with stiff fiber bristles and damp cloth.

Do not use abrasive cleaners, steel wool or wire brush.



3 05 02 05 Limestone Masonry Limestone masonry shall be cleaned acc. to the recommendations in ‘ILI

Handbook’ of Indiana Limestone Institute of America, Inc.

3 07 Protection Protect the top of newly built brick- and blockwork from rain and at all times when

work is not proceeding.

Care shall be taken in particular with open textured units, that no mortar encroaches upon the face of the units.

Provide protection and maintain conditions, in a manner acceptable to the Engineer, to ensure that unit masonry is without damage and deterioration at time of Preliminary Hand-Over.



Part 4: Method Of Measurement 4 01 General The quantities to be paid for will be measured in place or determined from

drawings.

No deductions will be made for openings not exceeding 0.50 m2 of a wall area.

Thickness of walls is stated in descriptions. Thickness stated in the nominal thickness

4 02 Units Of Measurement Walls generally will be measured by area (m2), giving the type and thickness.

Walls are measured on the centre line of the material. No deduction is made for voids not exceeding 0.10 m2. No deduction is made for lintels, sills, and the like.

Walls built against other constructions will be measured by area (m2) giving the type and thickness of the wall and nature of the adjoining construction.

Cavity walls will be measured by area (m2) as a composite unit including forming the cavity. Closing cavity walls at ends and around openings will be deemed to be included in the rates.

Isolated piers will be measured by area (m2) giving the type and thickness.

Air bricks or the like and special bricks will be enumerated (no.).



Part 5: Basis of Payment 5 01 General Payments will be made for complete work including, but limited to furnishing all

materials, equipment, tools, scaffolding, storage facilities, water, power, labour, samples and mock-ups, coordinating work with other trades, checking, examination, testing, quality assurance, cleaning and protecting.

5 02 Ancillary Works to be included in the Unit Price Rates Ancillary work includes the following:

Building-in of girders, beams, and other structural members

Sills, lintels, copings, bearing bars, steps, timbers, steel sections and the like, oversealing courses, or the like

Expansion joints or the like

Mortar for bedding and jointing,

Type of bond and method of pointing,

Raking out joints or leaving rough joints to form key,

Extra materials for curved work,

Building overhand,

Bonding ends of walls to other work including providing ties or other fixings and extra material in bonding,

Reveals, angles and intersections,

Rough and fair cutting,

Grooves, throats, mortices, chases, rebates, holes, stops, miters and the like,

Weather fillets, angle fillets and the like and pointing in flashings including cutting grooves or chases,

Labours in returns, ends and angles,

Building in or cutting and pinning ends of lintels, sills, bearing bars, steps, timbers, steel sections and the like,

Templates for forming openings and temporary support and protection to built-in frames.



Annex: Tables and Figures 6 01 Tables Table 1: Basement Walls

Table 2: Spacing and Thickness of Bracing Walls

Basement wall thickness

mm

Height of natural ground above basement floor for vertical wall load

m

365 300 240

2 1.4 1.0

Bracing Wall Thickness of load-bearing wall

to be braced mm

Storey height

m Spacing

m Thickness

mm

>= 115 < 175 =< 4.50

>= 175 < 240 =< 3.25 =< 6.00

>= 240 < 300 =< 3.50 =< 8.00

>= 300 =< 5.00

>= 115



Table 3: Maximum areas of panel walls without static proof

Wherein: x: is the ratio of the larger to the smaller side of the panel wall area. At lateral ratios of 1.0 > x > 2.0 the admissible maximum values of the panel areas can be interpolated in a straight line.

Admissible maximum panel wall areas at a height above the naturalground (m2)

0 — 8 m 8 — 20 m 20 — 100 m

Wallthickness

mm x = 1.0 x > 2.0 X = 1.0 x > 2.0 x =1.0 x > 2.0

115 12 8 8 5 6 4

175 20 14 13 9 9 6

240 36 25 23 16 16 12

>=300 50 33 35 23 25 17



6 02 Figures

Fig. 1: Masonry bond types



Fig. 2.1: Cavity wall without insulation



Fig. 2.2: Cavity wall with insulation



Fig. 3: Jointing and pointing



Fig 4.: Masonry facing , vertical and horizontal section



Annex: Specific Information 7 01 Design Requirements

The Project Documents may include, but shall not be limited to the following information:

01.0 Compressive strength requirements.

02.0 Type and thickness of walls and surface finish required.

03.0 Requirements with regard to load bearing detail, thermal insulation, sound insulation, vibration, wind loading and control joints.

04.0 Special requirements which the materials and goods might be subjected to after erection, such as wind loading, temperature, chemical influence in the atmosphere and the like.

05.0 Any special testing of materials, which may be required over and above those, laid down in the applicable publications particularly with regard to high temperature and dryness or humidity

06.0 Details or drawings which are to be supplied by the Contractor for the execution of the masonry indicating the proposed method of execution which must be approved by the Engineer.

07.0 Types of bricks, blocks or stone to be used and general design criteria.

08.0 Requirements for fire resistance.

7 02 Performance Requirements The system strength requirement for unit masonry and its characteristic

compressive strength shall be indicated if required in accordance with the Project documents and complying with the related standards.

7 03 Masonry Units Options and alternatives for detailed material properties - subject to the standards

specified – are to be selected and indicated in the Project Specification and /or the Project B.o.Q

7 03 01 Clay Units 7 03 01 01 Clay bricks

01.0 load bearing class: Non-load bearing Load bearing, class...

Facing

02.0 damp-proof course.

03.0 minimum mean compressive strength: 3 MPa 7MPa 15 MPa 50 MPa 70 MPa

04.0 water absorption shall not exceed: 25 % 20 % 15 % 7 % No limit



05.0 clay bricks shall be: Frost resistant (F) Moderately frost resistant (M) Non frost resistant (O)

06.0 soluble salt content: Low (L) Normal (N)

07.0 efflorescence: Nil Slight Moderate Heavy

08.0 brick type: Solid Cellular Hollow Perforated Frogged

7 03 01 02 Clay Blocks 01.0 load bearing class: Non-loadbearing loadbearing, class......... 02.0 minimum mean compressive strength: 2.5 MPa 7.5 MPa 15MPa 03.0 water absorption shall not exceed: 25 % 20 % 17 %

no limit

04.0 clay blocks shall be: frost resistant moderately frost resistant non frost resistant

05.0 soluble salt content: low (L) normal (N)

06.0 efflorescence: nil slight moderate heavy

07.0 block type: solid cellular hollow frogged

7 03 02 Concrete Units Dense aggregate concrete units shall be made from a mixture of selected

aggregate and cement and other approved materials in a rigid form under pressure and/or vibration.



Lightweight aggregate concrete units shall be made from a mixture with a low density principal aggregate, e.g. expanded slag, expanded clay or pumice etc., and cement and other approved materials in a rigid form under pressure and/or vibration.

Autoclaved aerated concrete units shall be made from a mixture of fine siliceous aggregate, cement, lime and an appropriate aeration agent and cured in the autoclaving process.

7 03 02 01 Concrete Bricks 01.0 aggregates shall comply with BS 882 and shall be: dense lightweight autoclaved aerated 02.0 loadbearing class non-loadbearing loadbearing, class......... 03.0 minimum mean compressive strength: 3 MPa 7MPa 7.5 MPa 17.3 MPa 24.1 MPa

04.0 water absorption shall not exceed in average: 15 % no limit

05.0 brick type: solid cellular hollow perforated

06.0 concrete bricks shall be: Grade N: for use as architectural veneer and facing units in exterior walls; high strength; resistance to moisture penetration; severe frost action. Grade S: for general use, moderate strength and resistance to moisture penetration and frost action.

07.0 The average value of drying shrinkage shall not exceed: 0.06 % not to be tested

7 03 02 02 Concrete Blocks 01.0 aggregates shall comply with BS 882 and shall be: dense lightweight autoclaved aerated 02.0 loadbearing, class: non-loadbearing loadbearing class.........

03.0 minimum mean compressive strength: 2.5 MPa 5 MPa 7.5 MPa

04.0 water absorption shall not exceed in average: 20 % no limit



05.0 block type: solid cellular

hollow: the external wall thickness shall not be less than 30 mm for loadbearing and 15 mm for non-loadbearing and roof blocks.

06.0 concrete blocks shall be: Grade N: for general use below and above grade Grade S: limited to use above grade

07.0 The average value of drying shrinkage shall not exceed: 0.06 % not to be tested.

7 03 03 Calcium Silicate (Sandlime) Units Calcium silicate (sandlime) units shall be made from a mixture of siliceous

aggregate, lime and other approved materials by pressure and cured in the autoclaving process.

7 03 03 01 Calcium Silicate (Sandlime) Bricks 01.0 sandlime bricks shall be: common facing loadbearing, class........

02.0 minimum compressive strength in accordance with the strength class: 5 MPa 10 MPa 15 MPa 75 MPa

03.0 brick type: solid cellular perforated frogged

04.0 apparent density class shall be............ is not requested

7 03 03 02 Calcium Silicate (Sandlime) Blocks 01.0 sandlime bricks shall be: common: facing loadbearing, class ..............

02.0 minimum compressive strength in accordance with the relevant strength class: 5 MPa 10 MPa 15 MPa 75 MPa

03.0 block type: solid hollow 04.0 apparent density class shall be 0.6 shall be 1.0 shall be 2.2 shall be ......



is not requested

7 03 04 Glass Blocks Glass blocks shall not be used externally in areas that are exposed to sand storms

or direct sun.

The thickness of the glass provides significant noise insulation. Therefore the indication of the sound transmission factor in the Project B.o.Q. is recommended:

The sound transmission shall be in maximum ................................

01.0 block type: solid hollow

02.0 solar reflection: regular solar reflective

03.0 transparency: frosted transparent translucent

04.0 texture shall be: clear weavy ribbed crossribbed squared

7 04 Mortar Mortar is an artificial stone made from a mixture of binder (cement, lime), fine

aggregate and water, sometimes also containing admixtures and additions.

The mortar designation and type shall be specified taking into account the type of masonry unit, type of construction, position in the building, degree of exposure.

7 04 01 Grading of Aggregates 7 04 01 01 Natural Aggregates Table 1: Grading for Natural Sand according to ASTM C 144.

Sieve size Percent passing by weightmm min. max.4.75 1002.36 951.18 70 1000.60 40 750.30 10 350.15 2 15

0.075 0 0



7 04 01 02 Manufactured Aggregates Table 2: Grading for Manufactured Sand according to ASTM C 144.

Sand up to 0.075 mm shall be not more than 8 % by weight of the total.

7 04 01 03 Aggregates of Mortar for Special Joints Table 3:Coarser aggregate grading for joints thicker than 12 mm according to ASTM C 404.

7 04 02 Admixtures Admixtures are used to improve particular properties of the mortar, but there is a risk

that the same admixtures will have an adverse effect on other important properties like strength and adhesion.

In view of the above mentioned facts, any mortar to include admixtures shall first undergo a suitability test.

7 04 03 Mixes Usually, the mix proportion of mortar is specified by volume.

If the mix proportion shall be measured by weight, the figures are different to those measured by volume and must be indicated,

e.g. cement : lime : sand = ... : ... : ... by weight.

7 05 Stone Masonry The choice of natural stone is influenced by the design of the building and its

situation and may involve aesthetic as well as technical considerations.

Sieve size Percent passing by weightmm min. max.4.75 1002.36 951.18 70 1000.60 40 750.30 20 400.15 10 25

0.075 0 10

Sieve size Percent passing by weightmm min. max.12.5 1009.5 90 100

4.75 20 552.36 5 301.18 0 100.60 0 50.30 0 0



7 05 01 Types of Natural Stone The type of natural stone should be selected and indicated in the Project B.o.Q.

specifying the properties as follows:

The natural stone may be (1) igneous, (2) sedimentary or (3) metamorphic.

(1) Igneous rocks are formed from molten magma and the natural stone may begranite, basalt, diorite, serpentine, (2) Sedimentary rocks derive from the disintegration of pre-existing rocks by weathering and erosion and the natural stone may be limestone, sandstone, Sedimentary rocks may be shaly and arenaceous, magnesian, calcareous,breccia,conglomerate

(3) Metamorphic rocks are generated from pre-existing rocks which have undergone change caused either by pressure or by heat or by both and the natural stone may be

marble, slate, ......................

The designation may be Carrara,Rosa aurora,Marble shall comply with SASO 814.

7 06 Execution 7 06 01 Expansion Joints:

Thermal expansion joints shall be built into walls to allow thermal expansion of units. The spacing of joints shall be at centers close enough to allow areas to expand and contract without damage to the units, mortar beds, and joints. Structural expansion joints within the building structure shall be carried through the walls to prevent possibility of differential movement.

All faces of units abutting expansion joints shall be square and true and thoroughly cleaned to ensure a good connection with any materials used for the formation of the expansion joint. Expansion joints exposed externally shall be faced with a sealer to ensure a watertight joint:

7 06 02 Cavity Walls The two skins separated by a cavity shall be tied together with ties or cramps

correctly bedded in the mortar beds and joints at centers to ensure a stable and rigid structure and ties shall be placed at staggered centers.

All cavity walls shall be solidly closed at jambs and openings to exclude wind and rain and a damp-proof course shall be built into the closure to form a moisture barrier.

The cavity must be kept free from mortar droppings, rubbish and other deleterious matter, which may facilitate the passage of moisture to the inner skin.

Cavity tray damp-proof courses shall be provided with slope towards the outer skin where lintels or any other solid objects bridge the cavity to direct water away from the inner skin . In such positions weep holes shall be provided to allow any water accumulating in the cavity to escape from the building. The cavity side of weep holes shall be covered with cotton or plastic insect screen cloth before placing any loose fill insulation in cavities.

7 06 03 Exit Air Chimneys The tops of chimneys shall be capped as protection against the weather. Sides

shall be free, louvered or grilled to provide an area of free air space not less than the cross-sectional area of the chimney being ventilated.



If chimneys pass through fire resisting elements then they shall be constructed to achieve a fire resistance at least equal to the minimum fire resistance required of the element through which they pass. Also horizontal branches to chimneys passing through fire resisting elements shall meet the same requirements or shall incorporate fire dampers at junctions with fire resisting elements, which will seal the branch in case of fire.

Exit air chimneys shall only be used for achieving ventilation to internal spaces

Exit air chimneys for ventilation purposes shall be constructed from bricks, blocks or rigid sheet materials and shall be as indicated in the Drawings:

square in section

rectangular in section

circular in section

specially shaped

7 06 04 Refractories The refractory bricks and blocks used for flue linings are of a special nature and the

manufacturer’s sitework instructions shall be carefully followed. The Quality of the workmanship is important, as any such flue will have to function correctly in containing large quantities of very hot gases.

AL FATEH UNIVERSITY ODAC F10 BRICK/ BLOCK WALLING

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Al LABINA / AL MANAR in partnership with Hamza/ ECH/ LCE JV

F10 BRICK/ BLOCK WALLING To be read in conjunction with General Requirements. TYPES OF WALLING 310 CLAY COMMON BRICKWORK BELOW GROUND LEVEL AND CONCEALED - Bricks: To BS 3921. - Average compressive strength (minimum): 20N/mm². - Durability designation: FL. - Water absorption: less than 7%. - Form: Solid frogged - Mortar: As section Z21. - Mix: group 3 (1:1:6). - Bond: half lap stretcher for ½ brick and Flemish for 1 brick. 350 CONCRETE COMMON BLOCKWORK 100mm thick - Locations – refer to drawings - Blocks: To BS 6073-1. - Type: Solid dense aggregrate. - Average compressive strength (minimum): 7.0 N/mm² ,or 15.0 N/mm2 where

required by the Structural Engineer. - Work sizes: 440 x 215 x 100 . - Special shapes: None. - Mortar: As section Z21. - Mix: Group 3 (1:1:6) unless otherwise directed by Engineer. - Bond: Stretching half lap.. 351 CONCRETE COMMON BLOCKWORK 150mm thick - Locations – refer to drawings - Blocks: To BS 6073-1. - Type: Solid dense aggregrate. - Average compressive strength (minimum): 7.0 N/mm² or 15.0 N/mm2 where

required by structural engineer. - Work sizes: 440 x 215 x 150 . - Special shapes: None. - Mortar: As section Z21. - Mix: Group 3 (1:1:6) unless otherwise directed by Engineer. - Bond: Stretching half lap. 352 CONCRETE COMMON BLOCKWORK 200mm thick - Locations – refer to drawings - Blocks: To BS 6073-1. - Type: Solid dense aggregrate. - Average compressive strength (minimum): 7.0 N/mm², or 15.0 N/mm2. - Work sizes: 440 x 215 x 200 . - Special shapes: None. - Mortar: As section Z21. - Mix: Group 3 (1:1:6) unless otherwise directed by Engineer.


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- Bond: Stretching half lap. 380 ENGINEERING BRICKWORK TO MANHOLES - Engineering bricks: To BS 3921 Class B. - Manufacturer: Contractor’s choice - Mortar: As section Z21. - Mix: group 1 (1:3). - Bond: English. - Joints: Flush. WORKMANSHIP GENERALLY 431 CONDITIONING OF CLAY BRICKS - Bricks delivered warm from manufacturing process: Do not use until cold. - Absorbent bricks in warm weather: Wet to reduce suction. Do not soak. 440 CONDITIONING OF CONCRETE BRICKS/ BLOCKS - Autoclaved concrete bricks/ blocks delivered warm from manufacturing process:

Do not use. - Age of nonautoclaved concrete bricks/ blocks: Do not use until at least four

weeks old. - Avoidance of suction in concrete bricks/ blocks: Do not wet. - Use of water retaining mortar admixture: Submit details. 460 MORTAR GROUPS - Mix proportions: For a specified group select a mix design from the following: _________________________________________________________________ Group 1 2 3 4 _________________________________________________________________ PC*:lime:sand with or without air entraining additive 1:0-0.25:3 1:0.5-4.5 1:1:5-6 1:2:8-9 _________________________________________________________________ Masonry cement:sand containing PC* and lime in approx ratio 1:1, and an air

entraining additive - 1:3 1:3.5-4 1:4.5 _________________________________________________________________ Masonry cement:sand containing PC* and inorganic materials other than lime

and air entraining additive - 1:2.5-3.5 1:4-5 1:5.5-6.5 _________________________________________________________________ PC*:sand and air entraining additive 1:3 1:3-4 1:5-6 1:7-8 _________________________________________________________________ PC* = Portland cement - Batching: Mix proportions by volume. - Mortar type: Continuous throughout any one type of masonry work.


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500 LAYING GENERALLY - Mortar joints: Fill vertical joints. Lay bricks, solid and cellular blocks on a full bed. - Bond where not specified: Half lap stretcher. - Vertical joints in facework: Even widths. Plumb at every fifth cross joint. 510 OVERHAND LAYING - Must not be used without approval. 520 ACCURACY - Courses: Level and true to line. - Faces, angles and features: Plumb. - Permissible deviations: - Position in plan of any point in

relation to the specified building reference line and/ or point at the same level ± 10 mm.

- Straightness in any 5 m length ± 5 mm. - Verticality up to 3 m height ± 10 mm. - Verticality up to 7 m height ± 14 mm. - Overall thickness of walls ± 10 mm. - Level of bed joints up to 5 m

(brick masonry) ± 11 mm. - Level of bed joints up to 5 m

(block masonry) ± 13 mm. 535 HEIGHT OF LIFTS IN WALLING USING CEMENT GAUGED OR HYDRAULIC

LIME MORTAR - Quoins and advance work: Rack back. - Lift height (maximum): 1.2 m above any other part of work at any time. - Daily lift height (maximum): 1.5 m for any one leaf. 540 HEIGHT OF LIFTS IN WALLING USING THIN JOINT MORTAR GLUE - Quoins and advance work: Rack back. - Lift height (maximum): 1.3 m above any other part of work at any time. 545 LEVELLING OF SEPARATE LEAVES USING CEMENT GAUGED OR

HYDRAULIC LIME MORTAR - Locations for equal levelling of cavity wall leaves: As follows: - Every course containing vertical twist type ties or other rigid ties. - Every third tie course for double triangle/ butterfly ties. - Courses in which lintels are to be bedded. 580 LAYING FROGGED BRICKS - Single frogged bricks: Frog uppermost. - Double frogged bricks: Larger frog uppermost. - Frog cavity: Fill with mortar. 585 LAYING CELLULAR BRICKS - Orientation: Cavities downward.


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635 JOINTING - Profile: Consistent in appearance. 645 ACCESSIBLE JOINTS NOT EXPOSED TO VIEW

- Jointing: Struck flush as work proceeds. 665 POINTING - Joint preparation: Remove debris. Dampen surface. - Mortar: As section Z21. 671 FIRE STOPPING - Avoidance of fire and smoke penetration: Fit tightly between cavity barriers and

masonry. Leave no gaps. 690 ADVERSE WEATHER - General: Do not use frozen materials or lay on frozen surfaces. - Air temperature requirements: Do not lay bricks/ blocks: - In cement gauged mortars when at or below 3°C and falling or unless it is at

least 1°C and rising. - In hydraulic lime:sand mortars when at or below 5°C and falling or below 3°C

and rising. - In thin joint mortar glue when outside the limits set by the mortar manufacturer. - Temperature of walling during curing: Above freezing until hardened. - Newly erected walling: Protect at all times from: - Rain and snow. - Drying out too rapidly in hot conditions and in drying winds. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FACEWORK 710 THE TERM FACEWORK - Definition: Applicable in this specification to all brick/ block walling finished fair. - Painted facework: The only requirement to be waived is that relating to colour. 760 APPEARANCE - Brick/ block selection: Do not use units with damaged faces or arrises. - Cut masonry units: Where cut faces or edges are exposed cut with table masonry

saw. - Quality control: Lay masonry units to match relevant reference panels. - Setting out: To produce satisfactory junctions and joints with built-in elements

and components. - Coursing: Evenly spaced using gauge rods. - Lifts: Complete in one operation. 780 GROUND LEVEL - Commencement of facework: Not less than 150 mm below finished level of

adjoining ground or external works level. 790 PUTLOG SCAFFOLDING - Use: Not permitted in facework.


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800 TOOTHED BOND - New and existing facework in same plane: Bonded together at every course to

achieve continuity of bond and coursing. 830 CLEANLINESS - Facework: Keep clean. - Mortar on facework: Allow to dry before removing with stiff bristled brush. - Removal of marks and stains: Rubbing not permitted.

AL FATEH UNIVERSITY ODAC F30 ACCESSORIES/ SUNDRY ITEMS FOR BRICK/ BLOCK/ STONE WALLING

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F30 ACCESSORIES/ SUNDRY ITEMS FOR BRICK/ BLOCK/ STONE WALLING To be read in conjunction with General Requirements. REINFORCING/ FIXING ACCESSORIES 217 HEAD RESTRAINTS FOR NON LOADBEARING MASONRY WALLS - Standard: BS EN 845-1. - Material/ finish: Stainless steel. 241 WALL STARTERS/ CONNECTORS - Material/ finish: Stainless steel. 270 JOINT REINFORCEMENT FOR FOR MASONRY - Width: Approximately 40-50 mm less in width than wall or leaf. - Placement: Lay on an even bed of mortar in a continuous strip with 225 mm laps

at joints and full laps at angles. Keep back 20 mm from face of external work, 12 mm back from face of internal work and finish joint to normal thickness.

281 GENERAL PURPOSE SLIP TIES FOR MOVEMENT JOINTS IN MASONRY - Standard: BS EN 845-1 - Material: Stainless steel with plastic debonding sleeve. - Fixing centres 450mm vertically. FLEXIBLE DAMP PROOF COURSES (dpc) 310 DAMP PROOF COURSE – BITUMEN BASED - Standard: BS 6398 320 DAMP PROOF COURSE – POLYETHYLENE - Standard: BS 6515. 380 PREFORMED DPC/ STOP ENDS - Product locations: Where directed by Engineer . - Placement: To provide a free draining and watertight installation. Seal laps with

dpc. INSTALLATION OF DPCS 415 HORIZONTAL DPCS - Placement: In continuous lengths on full even bed of fresh mortar, with 100 mm

laps at joints and full laps at angles. - Width: At least full width of leaf unless otherwise specified. Edges of dpc not

covered with mortar or projecting into cavity. - Overlying construction: Immediately cover with full even bed of mortar to recieve

next masonry course. - Overall finished joint thickness: As close to normal as practicable. 425 GROUND LEVEL DPCS - Joint with damp proof membrane: Continuous and effectively sealed.


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560 VERTICAL DPCS GENERALLY - Form: In one piece wherever possible. - Joints: Upper part overlapping lower not less then 100 mm. JOINTS 590 SEALANTS shall be: - Selected by the Contractor unless specified otherwise. - Compatible with all materials in contact, and where required by the Engineer,

tested by the manufacturer on the material(s) with which it will be in contact to ensure that no staining occurs and to verify surface protection procedure to ensure adequate adhesion. Results shall be submitted to the Engineer prior to the start of fabrication

- Capable of renewal without removal of any adjacent component. - Of a colour acceptable to the Engineer. - Applied strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s printed instructions,

including, but not confined to joint size, bond breakers, surface cleaning and priming and application.

- The Contractor shall submit complete information to the sealant manufacturer who shall review all details and certify that the product(s) proposed will be suitable for the application(s).

610 MOVEMENT JOINTS WITH SEALANT TO BLOCKWORK - Joint preparation and sealant application: As section Z22. - Filler: Closed cell polythene. - Thickness: To match design width of joint. - Placement: Build in as work proceeds to correct depth to receive sealant

system. - Sealant: - Designation: 2 part polysulphide . 615 MOVEMENT JOINTS WITHOUT SEALANT TO BLOCKWORK - Filler: - Thickness: To match design width of joint. Product reference: type and size to suit location . - Placement: Build in as work proceeds filling the joint. 616 FIRE RESISTING MOVEMENT JOINTS WITHOUT SEALANT - Fire resistant filler: - Thickness: 10 to 20 mm. - Fire resistance period: 60 minutes maximum. Product reference: intumescent expansion joint . - Placement: Compress and insert into place in open joint. - Adhesives and accessories: Types recommended by filler manufacturer. 630 UNEXPOSED CONTRACTION JOINTS - Formation: Close butt as work proceeds. 650 POINTING IN FLASHINGS


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- Joint preparation: Free of debris and lightly wetted. - Pointing mortar: As for adjacent walling. - Placement: Fill joint and finish flush. 655 POINTING IN UPSTAND SKIRTINGS - Joint preparation: Free of debris and lightly wetted. - Pointing mortar: 1:4 cement: sand incorporating a bonding agent. - Colour: Match adjacent work. - Placement: Fill joint and finish flush. 660 PINNING UP TO SOFFITS - Top joint of loadbearing walls: Fill and consolidate with mortar. - Placement: Full, no gaps. PROPRIETARY SILLS/ LINTELS/ COPINGS/ DRESSINGS 730 PRECAST CONCRETE LINTELS - To Structural Engineer’s specification. 750 PREFABRICATED STEEL LINTELS - To Structural Engineer’s specification. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS 830 BUILDING IN FRAMES - Preparation: Remove horns and provide support. - Fixing cramps: Fully bed in mortar. 840 OPENINGS FOR FRAMES - Formation: Use accurate, rigid templates to required size.

AL FATEH UNIVERSITY ODAC Z21 MORTARS

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Z21 MORTARS To be read in conjunction with General Requirements. CEMENT GAUGED MORTARS 110 MIX PROPORTIONS FOR CEMENT GAUGED MORTARS and other particular

requirements are specified elsewhere. 120 SAND FOR CEMENT GAUGED MORTARS: - To BS EN 13139:2002 unless specified otherwise. - Sand for facework mortar to be from one source, different loads to be mixed if

necessary to ensure consistency of colour and texture. - When a range is specified (e.g. 1:1:5-6) use lower proportion of sand for Grade G

sands and higher proportion for Grade S. 131 READY-MIXED LIME:SAND FOR CEMENT GAUGED MORTARS: - Unless specified otherwise, use ready-mixed lime:sand to BS EN 998-2:2003. - Coloured mortar, where required, to be made using a proprietary coloured ready-

mixed lime:sand, colour to approval where not specified. 160 CEMENT FOR MORTAR: When not specified otherwise, to be Portland cement

or Portland blastfurnace cement, to class 42.5 or 52.5, manufactured and supplied under the BSI Kitemark scheme for cement. All cements must comply with the appropriate British Standard.

171 RETARDED READY-MIXED CEMENT GAUGED MORTARS may be used

provided they are: - Of materials and proportions specified and to BS EN 998-2:2003. - Of a colour acceptable to the Engineer. - Used within the working time recommended by the manufacturer and not remixed

on site. - Obtained from a manufacturer proposed by the Contractor before bricklaying

commences and agreed by the Engineer. The Contractor shall obtain written approval from the Engineer for the use of ready-mix mortar for structural or load bearing walls.

- Certified by a manufacturer’s dated certificate stating that adequate control and regular testing of the ready-mix mortar is being carried out at the time of production in compliance with BS EN 998-2:2003.

- Covered by a certificate for each delivery to site, which confirms that the mortar complies with BS EN 998-2:2003, and includes the date and time of making the mortar. Also that the period of initial set does not exceed 36 hours.

- Stored on site in compliance with BS EN 998-2:2003, with covers and protection from the weather. Each separate container being marked to relate it to its delivery certificate. The containers shall be kept in clean condition, washed out after each use and kept covered for the next use.

175 WATER FOR MORTAR: Clean and uncontaminated. Obtain approval for other

than mains supply. Test to BS EN 1008:2002 if instructed.

AL FATEH UNIVERSITY ODAC Z21 MORTARS

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180 ADMIXTURES: Do not use in mortar unless specified or approved. Do not use calcium chloride or any admixtures containing calcium chloride. Admixtures, if specified, to be to BS 4887.

200 SITE STORAGE OF CEMENT GAUGED MORTAR MATERIALS: - Store different sands and aggregates in different stockpiles on hard clean bases

that allow free drainage. - Store factory produced premixed lime:sand for mortar and ready-to-use retarded

mortars in covered containers to prevent excessive drying out or wetting. - Store bags of cement and hydrated lime in dry conditions, raised off the ground

and not touching damp surfaces. Do not use cement or hydrated lime affected by damp.

- Avoid intermixing and contamination between stored materials and other building materials, debris or other deleterious matter.

210 MAKING CEMENT GAUGED MORTAR: - Keep plant and banker boards clean at all times. - Measure materials accurately by volume using clean gauge boxes or clean,

undamaged buckets. Proportions of mixes are for dry sand; allow for bulking if sand is damp.

- Mix ingredients thoroughly to a consistence suitable for the work and free from lumps. Mix mortars containing air entraining admixtures by machine, but do not overmix.

- Do not mix mortar when the air temperature is at or below 3°C and falling or below 1°C and rising.

- Use mortar within about two hours of mixing at normal temperatures. Use retarded mortar within the time and site temperatures recommended by the manufacturer. Mortar may be retempered to restore workability, but only within these time limits.

360 MAKING LIME:SAND MORTARS GENERALLY: - Use operatives who are skilled and experienced in the making and use of

lime:sand mortars. Provide evidence of their experience to the Engineer on request.

- Keep plant and banker boards clean at all times. Avoid contamination of lime:sand mortar by other materials or by any set material (including Portland cement).

- Measure materials accurately by volume using clean gauge boxes or clean undamaged buckets.

- Do not mix mortar when the air temperature is at or below 5°C and falling or below 3°C and rising.

division 04 masonary final

Documents

mechanical division

metals division

concrete division

sitework division

unit masonry division

masonry index division

doors windows division

general requirements