Diversity in Science

What can Centers Do?Patricia A. Marsteller

Emory University "This material is based upon work supported in part by the Center

for Behavioral Neuroscience, an STC Program of the National ScienceFoundation under Agreement No. IBN-9876754."

S&E doctoral degrees

Science EducationPipeline

Old and New

Pipelines and pathways

! Don’t weed out- cultivate!! Don’t use a sieve or a filter-use a pump!! Build community! Emphasize collaboration over competition! Support diverse ways of learning and

demonstrating mastery! Connect knowledge to real world

problems

Who is underrepresented?

! Know the data for your discipline or disciplines! http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/stats.htm! Get data from your disciplinary society

! Get data from your institution! What’s happening at critical points?

! K-12! First year recruitment and retention! Graduate students! Postdocs! Faculty

No Excellence without Equity

US B. S.

M. S. Ph. D.

(%) (%) (%) (%)

African-American

12. 1 5. 7 4. 8 3. 5

Asian-American

2. 9 3. 3 2. 9 3. 5

Hispanic-American

9. 0 2. 7 2. 4 2. 6

NativeAmerican

0. 8 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

S&E degrees earned by underrepresentedminorities within each field, by level: 1998–99

Scientists and engineers in the U.S. laborforce, by race/ethnicity: 1997

Women as proportion of S&Eworkforce, by broad occupation

Doctoral degrees awarded in science andengineering (S&E) fields and in non-S&E

fields, by sex: 1966–97

Non-S&E, women

Non-S&E, men

S&E, men

S&E, women

Number

Percentage of doctoral degrees awardedin science and engineering (S&E) and innon-S&E fields, by race/ethnicity: 1997

Percent

U.S. citizen and permanent resident science andengineering graduate students, by race/ethnicity of

minority students: 1982–97

Asian/Pacific IslanderBlack

Hispanic

American Indian/Alaskan Native

Number

Why?

! Differences in schooling! Learning Styles! Test success! Finances! Climate! Culture! Mentors and Role Models! Discrimination: conscious and unconscious

Key Challenges

! Critical Mass! Climate! Mentoring! Social & Psychological Support! Support from Leadership! Sustained Effort! Policy

What can you do?

! Focus?! Change the climate?Assess! Change the culture?! Plan strategically! Mentor, mentor, mentor! Partnerships -vertical and lateral! Grow your own! Synergy

Science EducationPipeline to Pathways

Focus?

! Particular group?! Active recruitment?! Active retention?! Lateral pipelines-HBCU, HIS, MSI, WI?! Long term pipeline?! Educate effective science & math teachers?! Grow your own?

Bachelor's degrees in science and engineering perthousand 20- to 24-year-olds, by race/ethnicity ofU.S. citizens and permanent residents: 1989–96

Number

Year

Changing the culture

! Who “should” do science and how shouldthey do it?

! What’s wrong with the apprenticeshipmodel?

! Making the implicit explicit

Climate for Women andMinorities

! You are your reputation! Ask current and former students & faculty! Climate surveys! Exit interviews! Action agenda! Why would “they” want your job? Are

you happy? Is your life balanced? Do“they’ know that?

Climate

! Does your school have family leave?! How are your grad students and postdocs

treated? (health insurance? Leave policy?)! Does everyone feel welcomed?

Supported?! HAVE YOU ASKED? UG,G, PD AND

FACULTY?! There is no excellence without equity -

THERE IS NO EQUITY W/O EFFORT

Mentors and Mentoring

! A wise and trusted counselor! Who can (should) mentor?! Multiple mentors! Mentoring as a relationship! Mentors elucidate the “rules” written and

unwritten! Mentors need “training”

Mentoring Cascades

! Postdocs and graduate students forundergraduate research and careerdevelopment programs

! Undergraduates to tell their story to highschool and lower grades

! High school student outreach to middleschools

! Everyone

Strategic Plan

! Identify group(s) to work with! Identify levels (faculty?, students)! Identify current recruitment and retention

efforts on your campuses! Plan MSI partnerships as win-win! Identify clear goals (but be willing to

modify)

“Cheshire Puss”, she began...”Would you tell me, please,which way I ought to go from here?”“That depends a good deal on where you want to get to,” said the CatI don’t much care where---” said AliceThen it doesn’t matter which way you go,” said the Cat.“--so long as I get somewhere,” Alice added as an explanation.Ohy, you’re sure to do that,” said the Cat, “if only you walk longenough”

Institutionalization

! Starts on day 1 and before! Get commitments in writing at the highest

levels! Try articulation agreements! Faculty exchanges and sabbaticals for MSI! Use supplements to NIH and NSF grants

for students, teachers etc.

Barriers

! Institutional leadership changes! Communication! Understanding of Different Missions and

Cultures! Messages from the Past:Trust! Research 1 arrogance

Partnerships w/ MSIs

! Build trust! Know history! Know culture! Include faculty in research and education! Formative assessment

Partnerships

! Needs Assessment! Who’s doing what! What needs doing! Who will contribute

! Equal Partners! MSI faculty in reseaarch and education! Everyone can contribute! Collaborative

Every Problem has asolution:

simple, neat, and wrong!

Grow your own consortia

Partnerships

! Shared Vision! requires Leadership! requires strategic plan

! Articulated! Linked curricula! Know requirements

! Inclusive! Faculty, administrators,

students, business

! Systemic! integrated! comprehensive! radical

! Long term! evolving practices! assessment

! formative! summative

Leadership

! motivation! integrity! self confidence! responsibility! adaptability! charisma! creative

! educational system! science! technology! reform initiatives! curriculum! instruction! assessment! staff development

Leaders

! Make things happen...or not happen! Persuade others to do what they ought to do....and like it! Help people see the possible! Help people change and improve! Inspire hope and confidence! Mobilize people to accomplish goals! Create options and opportunities! Clarify problems and choices! Build morale! Provide a vision of something better than what currently exists! Empower others to become leaders

Major Myths

! There ain’t any out there (but sure ain’tenough)

! Only minorities can mentor minorities;only women can mentor women

! Test scores measure merit! Affirmative action is no longer necessary

because there’s no more discrimination

“Departments with powerfulminority and female

faculty…tend to have studentdiversity”S. Malcom

Questions

! What do you perceive to be the major barriers to the formation of“grow your own” consortia? Time? Money? competition?Departmental structure and autonomy? Buy-in? Leadership?

! What are the essential requirements for a successful consortium todevelop proportional representation in the faculty of the future?The science workforce of the future?

The Leader

I wanna be the leaderI wanna be the leaderCan I be the leaderCan I? Can I?Promise? Promise?Yippee, I’m the LeaderI’m the leaderOkay, what shall we do?

Sky in the Pie, Penguin Publication

Integrating Researchand Education

OverviewPat Marsteller

Center Education Goals

! Create a cadre of interdisciplinaryinvestigators in behavioral neuroscience

! Expand career pathways for undergraduateand graduate students

! Increase the participation of women,underrepresented minority students andpeople with disabilities in behavioralneuroscience research and education

! Enhance science content and pedagogy inmetro Atlanta K-12 school systems

Increasing Women and Minorities inBehavioral Neuroscience

! Effective outreach programs! Early exposure for undergraduates! Collaborative graduate training! Access to alternate careers

Integrating Research and Education

! Students as Vectors! Venture grants

! Infusing Neuroscience into Psychology! Web based Behavior modules

! Released time and research support for AUCfaculty

! Research Faculty involved in BRAIN, SURE,Outreach, Teacher Research Program

K-12 and Outreach Goals

! Improve science education in publicschools! Focus on teachers! Focus on neuroscience! Focus on standards

! Enhance public awareness andunderstanding of CBN research! Events and exhibits! Radio, video

Highlights Year 3

! 7 GIFT Research forTeachers

! Teacher workshops! Got Brains? 15! PBL -14! EXCITE 30! Birth Defects 26

! Brain Awareness Month ! BioBus visits 48 schools; !1200 students! Brain Camps-100+ students!Atlanta Brain Bee 13 students!Brainstorm 500+ visitors!8 faculty, 15 grad students, 9 ug!Radio spots on Center scientists

Undergraduate Goals

! To attract students to careers in behavioralneuroscience and to other fields in whichunderstanding of behavioral neuroscience wouldenrich science literacy for the public,! science journalism! K-12 and college teaching! public policy

! To increase the number of women and minoritiesentering PhD programs in Behavior andNeuroscience

Highlights! Faculty workshops

!Morris Brown: Integrating Neuroscienceinto Psychology

! Investigative Cases! BRAIN expansion

! 34 in ForeBRAIN; 24 in midBRAIN; 27 inHindBRAIN

! 36 of 86 Summer Research in CBN (SURE)! Grants for BRAIN and a postbaccalaureate

research opportunity program

Graduate Program Goals

! Develop a cadre of behavioral neuroscientistseducated to collaborate

! Recruit and retain high quality graduatestudents

! Emphasize women and minorities! Facilitate Collaborative Research

inter-institutional committeescollaboratory rotation

! Broaden career pathways

Highlights! Fall 2002 --33 graduate students

! 76% women; 27% minority! Intro to CBN course

! 18 students! Spring symposium

! Topics courses! Reproduction in Context! Hormones, Brain and Behavior! Learning and Memory! Neuroimaging workshop! Behavioral Techniques workshop

Technology to Integrate Research andEducation

! Videoconferencing! Collaborative Computing workshop scheduled! Restructured Website! High speed network infrastructure planning! Introduce on-line courses for undergraduate! Introduce on-line curriculum for K-12 (virtual

labs)! WWW casting of seminar series for

collaboratories and cores

K-12 and PublicEducation

Jordan RoseMelissa Demetrikopoulis

SciTrek Brain Exhibit

! Developed by Pfizer, NIH and SFN! Sponsored by CBN, SciTREK, Cox enterprises,

GRA, McRae Communications, Fox 5 News,NDC Health, St. Joseph’s Hospital

! May 30 through September 15

SciTREK Brain Exhibit

! Over 20,000 visitors! Museum Staff Development! Brain Camps for 100 students! Teacher workshops! Resource materials

Web Based Curriculum

! Based on National Science Standards andQuality Core Curriculum

! Tool for scoring behavior! Middle and High School! Examples from collaboratory Research! First module Mother-Infant bonding

BRAIN

Danielle Gray

The Triune BRAIN

! ForeBRAIN! Evening seminars- 5 faculty, 1 postdoc, 3 graduate

students! 34 participants- 85% URM! 97% “increased interest in neuroscience”! 94% “increased interest in doctoral study”! 71% continued to research internship

! MidBRAIN! 11 week internship in Spring for 24 students! 91% URM; 75% interested in research career! 58% continued to summer research

The Triune BRAIN

! HindBRAIN! Funded by new NSF REU for freshmen and

sophomores! Research, mini-neuroscience course, journal club,

SWORD! 27 participants; national and CBN institutions! 81% from HBCU; 50% AUC

BRAIN student presentation

! Robot Project! Innovative way to learn scientific method and

behavioral neuroscience! Design experiment to determine animal robot most

closely mimicked! Train robot to respond differently to aversive stimuli! Propose a model of the brain and map the cerebral

cortex

Graduate Scholars

Paul Katz

CBN Graduate Scholars

! Intro to CBN! 18 students plus postdocs and others! Particpate in symposium Neurobiology of Maternal

Behavior! Advanced Topics

! Reproduction in Context co-taught by Kim Wallenand Tim Bartness 25 students & postdocs

! Hormones, Brain & Behavior planned! Two Learning and Memory Courses planned

! Techniques Workshops in Neuroimaging &Behavioral Techniques planned for Fall

CBN Graduate Scholars

! 26 CBN graduate scholars this year! Aaron Jasnow graduated-postdoc Rockefeller

with Donald Pfaff! 11 new recruits for Fall 2002

! 2 from Spelman! 4 minority

! Fall total 33! 76% women; 27% minority