Armed Forces Pest Management Board Technical Guide No. 4

Disinsection of Military Aircraft

Published and Distributed by The Armed Forces Pest Management Board

U.S. Army Garrison―Forest Glen 2460 Linden Lane, Building 172 Silver Spring, MD 20910-1230

Office of the Under Secretary of Defense

(Acquisition and Sustainment)

July 2018

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AFPMB Technical Guides This is one of a series of Technical Guides (TGs) published by Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). The AFPMB is a directorate within the Office of the Secretary of Defense Energy, Installations, and Environment that recommends policies and procedures, provides guidance, and coordinates the exchange of information related to pest management throughout the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). TGs are not policy documents; they provide technical guidance for the DoD pest management community and others. Accordingly, TGs should not be construed or referenced as policy. DoD pest management policy is provided by DoD Directive 4715.1E, "Environment Safety and Occupational Health;" DoD Instruction 4150.07, "DoD Pest Management Program;" other DoD directives and instructions; and implementing Component directives, instructions, or regulations. TGs and DoD pest management policy and other issuances are accessible at the AFPMB Web site: http://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/afpmb/.

Comments and Changes Forward comments and recommended changes to osd.pentagon.ousd-atl.mbx.afpmb@mail.mil, or by fax to (301) 295-7473, or by mail to U.S. Army Garrison Forest Glen, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, ATTN: Chief, Information Services Division, 2460 Linden Lane, Bldg. 172, Silver Spring, MD 20910.

Acknowledgements The initial version of this document was researched and written by CDR Frederick M. Stell and Dr. Douglas A. Burkett of the AFPMB. COL Jamie A. Blow, Mr. Terry L. Carpenter, Maj Leah D. Chapman, and Lt Col Timothy J. Davis of the AFPMB provided subject matter expertise input and technical editing. Significant contributions to the final version were made by Mr. Armando L. Rosales and Mr. Donald A. Teig of the Air Force Civil Engineer Center, Tyndall AFB, FL and MSgt Abraham Rodriguez of the Defense Attaché Office, U.S. Embassy Canberra, Australia.

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1. Introduction: This technical guide establishes basic guidance for disinsection of DoD aircraft to meet destination country requirements. Component-specific guidance derived from it must preserve the basic intent and requirements.

1.1. References.

1.1.1. World Health Organization (WHO). 2016. International Health Regulations (2005), third edition, accessible at http://www.who.int/ihr/publications/9789241580496/en/ as of November 30, 2016.

1.1.2. WHO. 2013. Environmental Health Criteria 243, Aircraft Disinsection Insecticides, accessible at http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/ehc/ehc243.pdf?ua=1 as of November 30, 2016.

1.1.3. WHO. 2016. Report of the WHO Ad-hoc Advisory Group on aircraft disinsection for controlling the international spread of vectorborne diseases, Geneva, Switzerland, 21-22 April 2016, accessible at http://www.who.int/ihr/publications/WHO_HSE_GCR_2016_12/en/ as of November 30, 2016.

1.1.4. Commonwealth of Australia Department of Agriculture and Water Resources. 2014. Schedule of aircraft disinsection procedures for flights into Australia and New Zealand, accessible at http://www.agriculture.gov.au/biosecurity/avm/aircraft/disinsection/procedures /schedule-aircraft-disinsection as of November 30, 2016.

1.1.5. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1996. Pesticide Registration Notice 96-3.

Pesticide Products Used to Disinsect Aircraft, May 14, 1996, accessible at https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-registration/prn-96-3-pesticide-products-used-disinsect-aircraft as of January 26, 2017.

1.1.6. DD FORM 3044. OCT 2017. Pre-embarkation Certificate of Disinsection, accessible at http://www.esd.whs.mil/portals/54/documents/dd/forms/dd/dd3044.pdf.

1.2. Background:

1.2.1. Certain countries require inbound aircraft to be disinsected in order to reduce the accidental importation of potential disease vectors (e.g., mosquitoes), invasive agricultural pests, and other invasive arthropods.

1.2.2. The United States does not require aircraft arriving in the United States to be disinsected.

1.2.3. No product for in-flight disinsection of passenger or crew cabins is registered by

the U.S. EPA. 1.2.4. Callington™ Aircraft Insecticide EPA Reg. No. 88144-1 is currently EPA-

registered for disinsection of unoccupied military aircraft in cabin, crew, and cargo areas.

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1.2.5. Callington™ 1-Shot® Aircraft Insecticide, EPA Reg. No. 83795-1, is currently

EPA-registered for disinsection of aircraft holds.

1.2.6. This Technical Guide (TG) integrates the use of EPA-registered insecticides with WHO International Health Regulations and guidance from countries which have well-developed and internationally accepted practices for aircraft disinsection based on WHO guidance, such as Australia and New Zealand.

1.3. Scope: This TG applies to all DoD-owned or operated aircraft that must be disinsected

per the DoD Foreign Clearance Guide (FCG, https://www.fcg.pentagon.mil/). This TG only applies to disinsection procedures for military aircraft and not to country-specific entry requirements such as immigration, customs, or quarantine requirements.

1.4. Rationale: To be consistent with country-specific disinsection standards. 1.5. Definitions.

1.5.1. Disinsection: the procedure whereby health measures are taken to control or kill

insect vectors of human diseases present in baggage, cargo, containers, and aircraft.

1.5.2. Vector: an insect or other animal that transports an infectious agent that constitutes a public health risk.

1.5.3. Aircraft: any aircraft making an international voyage.

1.5.4. Baggage: personal effects of the traveler.

1.5.5. Cargo: material carried on an aircraft or in a container on an aircraft.

1.5.6. Crew: persons on board an aircraft who operate the aircraft.

1.5.7. Cabin: area where passengers or crew are accommodated during flight. 1.5.8. Flight deck: area where the crew operating the aircraft are accommodated.

1.5.9. Hold: area where only cargo is located and where no crew or passengers are

accommodated at any time.

1.5.10. Pre-embarkation: the point when the aircraft is fully loaded with cargo, but prior to crew or passengers boarding the aircraft for flight.

1.5.11. DoD disinsection trained personnel: personnel who have completed DoD aircraft disinsection training, including DoD contractors employed in performing aircraft disinsection. 2. Aircraft Disinsection.

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2.1. The WHO recommends four techniques for aircraft disinsection; of these,

2.1.1. Pre-embarkation disinsection is the only DoD authorized aircraft disinsection

technique for disinsection of aircraft flight decks, cabins, and holds.

2.1.2. The techniques of Residual, Blocks Away, and Top of Descent are NOT approved for DoD aircraft disinsection.

2.2. Disinsection treatments shall be conducted in accordance with procedures detailed in section 3. Executive Airlift fleet will also have to comply with additional requirements identified per manufacturer guidance. DoD-certified applicators are the primary personnel who disinsect aircraft. If certified applicators are unavailable then trained, non-DoD-certified applicators (e.g., aircrew, aircraft maintenance personnel) may disinsect aircraft.

2.3. The DoD will ensure that aircrew, certified pest management personnel, and disinsection trained personnel are cognizant of and understand the requirements of:

2.3.1. The Foreign Clearance Guide and any host nation standards for aircraft disinsection;

2.3.2. This technical guide, TG No. 4, DoD Aircraft Disinsection.

2.3.3. Mandatory reporting of all applications of disinsection products per Department of Defense Instruction (DoDI) 4150.07, DoD Pest Management Program, May 29, 2008.

2.3.4. Weapon system specific guidance.

2.3.5. Treatment certification requirements:

2.3.5.1. A Certificate of Disinsection (CoD) DD Form 3044 (Appendix A) will be

filled out and signed by the DoD disinsection-trained applicator upon completion of an aircraft disinsection procedure. DD Form 3044 is accessible at http://www.esd.whs.mil/portals/54/documents/dd/forms/dd/dd3044.pdf.

2.3.5.2. The original CoD must be retained onboard the aircraft to ensure

documentation of compliance with DoD certification requirements. 2.3.5.3. A copy of the CoD, either a photocopy, scan, or second original, must be

retained in the aircraft record per aircraft maintenance standard operating procedures.. 3. Pre-Embarkation Disinsection Procedures.

3.1. Applicators must meet all technical and safety requirements of aviation and aircraft

manufacturers when performing aircraft disinsection.

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3.2. For the purposes of disinsection, any area in an aircraft where crew or passengers may potentially be accommodated during flight will be disinsected as a cabin area. C-130, C-5, and C-17 aircraft are to be considered passenger aircraft for the purposes of disinsection.

3.3. Disinsection will take place after the aircraft is fully loaded with cargo, if applicable, and prior to the commencement of crew or passengers boarding. Application will be completed following the below guidance, specific weapon system guidance, and aircraft ventilated per the product label prior to allowing passengers and crew to board.

3.4. Disinsection applicators will use personal protective equipment (PPE) in accordance with the product label and safety data sheet (SDS) at a minimum.

3.5. Treatment is effective for the duration of a single flight sector and thus must be performed at the last point of departure prior to arrival in the country requiring the aircraft be disinsected.

3.6. Disinsection products.

3.6.1. Callington™ Aircraft Insecticide EPA Reg. No. 88144-1 is EPA-registered for pre-embarkation disinsection of passenger, crew and hold areas of unoccupied military aircraft. See Appendix B for the label and SDS.

3.6.2. Callington 1-Shot is an EPA-registered product for the pre-embarkation disinsection of cargo hold areas only. Some countries may require hold areas be disinsected with this product. See Appendix C for the label and SDS.

3.7. Certification of Disinsection (CoD). The aircraft commander is responsible for ensuring that:

3.7.1. The DoD-trained applicator accurately completes all sections of the CoD detailing the flight deck, cabin and hold treatments, with any amendments crossed through and initialed.

3.7.2. The DoD-trained applicator signs the CoD.

3.7.3. The original CoD and the empty and/or partly used cans remain onboard until

arrival at the destination. 3.7.4. A second CoD, either a photocopy, scan, or a second original, is provided to

maintain with the aircraft records per aircraft maintenance standard operating procedures.

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3.8. Pre-embarkation cabin disinsection procedures.

Step Action: Cabin Treatment

1 Spraying must be completed using Callington Aircraft Insecticide (2% permethrin). See Appendix B for Callington Aircraft Insecticide label and SDS.

2 The treatment is to be carried out at the last airbase, airport, or airfield before departure to the destination.

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The treatment must take place after cargo has been loaded and prior to the commencement of passengers and crew boarding, in the absence of crew and passengers. Air conditioning system including any pre-conditioned air from a ground support unit must be turn off. Recirculation fans may be left on if essential to the operation of the aircraft, but set to the lowest rate. Note: Aeromedical Equipment is not required to be on board during applicable spraying and ventilation of aircraft.

4 The aircraft must be fully loaded and service doors closed; one main entry door per level may remain open to facilitate operational requirements.

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Disinsection will take place after the aircraft is fully loaded with cargo, if applicable, and prior to the commencement of crew or passengers boarding. Application will be completed and aircraft ventilated per the product label prior to allowing passengers and crew to board and catering being completed. ― For Aeromedical Evacuation missions, ventilate aircraft an additional 4 hours past the 30-minute treatment period to reduce risk of respiratory distress in high-risk patients.

6 Overhead storage bins and sidewall lockers must be open during the spraying.

7 Direct spraying towards the open overhead storage bins and ceiling while walking along the aisle at a rate of not more than one step or one row of seats per second.

8 Spray all galleys, including those on lower levels and the lift access.

9 Spray all toilets and coat lockers for two seconds each.

10 Spray all crew rest areas and the flight deck for three seconds each, directing spray away from aircraft equipment and electronic systems.

11 All cans from the flight deck, cabin, and hold areas used for aircraft disinsection will be consolidated and remain on the aircraft with the CoD as evidence of disinsection.

12 Upon completion of aircraft disinsection, the DoD-trained applicator will complete all sections of the CoD IAW paragraph 3.7.

13 Applicators will fill out and submit DD 1532-1 per DoDI 4150.07.

14 Inability to meet the procedures prescribed in this guide and the country-specific information in the Foreign Clearance Guide must be reported to the Air Attaché for the destination country as soon as possible.

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3.9. Hold disinsection must be performed in conjunction with pre-embarkation cabin disinsection.

Step Action: Hold Treatment

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Spraying must be completed using Callington Aircraft Insecticide (2% permethrin) unless a country specifically requires Callington 1-Shot (2% permethrin/2% d-phenothrin) in the Foreign Clearance Guide. See Appendix B for Callington Aircraft Insecticide label and SDS, and Appendix C for Callington 1-Shot label and SDS.

2 Spraying must be carried out manually at the last airbase, airport, or airfield before departure to the destination, after all cargo has been loaded and just prior to hold door closure.

3 Aerosol cans must be discharged into each hold in such a manner as to ensure that all parts of the holds have been disinsected.

4 Ensure all cargo doors for the affected deck are closed and other personnel have vacated the area prior to commencing disinsection.

5 Advise the air and ground crew when hold spraying is about to commence. Aerosols can set off the smoke alarm, so the crew should be fully aware prior to any disinsection taking place.

6 During disinsection and for a period of five minutes after completion of the spray, the aircraft’s air conditioning must remain off. Recirculation fans may be left on if essential to the operation of the aircraft, but set to the lowest rate.

7 Discharge the aerosols by walking away from the spray stream, and vacate the area upon completion of spraying.

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When cargo restricts access, discharge the aerosol cans evenly throughout the aircraft and on top of cargo in order to achieve better coverage. Aerosol cans must be discharged into each hold in such a manner as to ensure that all parts of the holds/cargo have been disinsected. When cargo restricts access to all sides, all surfaces including floors and cargo will be sprayed thoroughly to cover unexposed area.

9 All cans from the flight deck, cabin, and hold areas used for aircraft disinsection will be consolidated and remain on the aircraft with the CoD as evidence of disinsection.

10 Upon completion of aircraft disinsection, the DoD-trained applicator will complete all sections of the CoD IAW paragraph 3.7.

11 Applicators will fill out and submit DD 1532-1 per DoDI 4150.07.

12 Inability to meet the procedures prescribed in this guide and the country-specific information in the Foreign Clearance Guide should be reported to the Air Attaché at the destination country as soon as possible.

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3.10. Hold procedures to be performed when transporting service animals in hold area. This guide does not address country-specific animal quarantine procedures, which can be found in the Foreign Clearance Guide.

Step Action: Hold Treatment with Service Animals

1 When service animals are carried in the lower hold, disinsection must be carried out prior to the loading of animals, but after all other cargo has been loaded.

2 Follow steps in paragraph 3.9. above

3 Open hold only for loading animals and close immediately after loading animals to avoid reinfestation.

3.11. Host nation personnel will not embark the aircraft due to the sovereign immune status of

U.S. State (including DoD) aircraft. DoD aircraft will NOT be disinsected by the host nation after arrival. As a result, biosecurity officers do not board sovereign immune aircraft to conduct inspection or other official activities. Biosecurity officers will continue to carry out biosecurity functions without boarding the aircraft.

3.12. The applicator is responsible for ensuring that a certificate detailing the treatment is

completed. The certificate for pre-flight and cabin disinsection must be carried onboard the aircraft and made available to be sighted by an officer/inspector upon arrival. The minimum requirements for certification are detailed in Appendix A.

3.13. **Australia only: After the certificate has been sighted by an officer, the airline must keep

the certificate for a period of 12 months. 3.14. **New Zealand only: The certificates are to be made available for collection by an

Inspector upon arrival. 3.15. Country-Specific Reporting Standards can be found in the Foreign Clearance Guide

information for the destination country.

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Appendix A

Certificate of Disinsection

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Appendix B

Label and Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for Callington™ Aircraft Insecticide (2% permethrin) for pre-embarkation cabin and cargo area disinsection

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Appendix C

Label and Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for Callington™ 1-Shot® (2% permethrin/2% d-phenothrin) insecticide for pre-embarkation cargo area disinsection only

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