dimmer, lichtsteuerungen und led-lichtlösungen€¦ · dimmer, lichtsteuerungen und...
TRANSCRIPT
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Dimmer, Lichtsteuerungen und LED-Lichtlösungen
Unser Knowhow –Ihr Vorsprung
Gé HulsmansSarah CheikhIngo WasielewskiAdrian WohlerOliver EnglerPetra Waldinsperger
How to choose the right LED driver when it comes to perfect dimming & flicker?….and what about camera compatibility and dynamic white ?
Gé Hulsmans – Director Specifier Service
3
The lighting world changes – with traditional technologies the driver was a ‘given’Now all is digital and you should know about a driver
What about good dimming? What about flicker?What about dim-to-warm or tunable white? How to achieve good recordings with HD cameras?Wireless, IoT, the cloud, IT-based services: what’s next in lighting?
This workshop is targetted at creative, non-technical people‘Geeky stuff‘ – easily explained ☺
A training on LED drivers...? Why?
,
The lighting value chain
End-user: shop,museum, hotel,office, bar, restaurant...
OEM luminaire manufacturer
Influcencer: specifier / lighting designer / lighting architect
Partner LED Supplier
eldoLED
Light consumer
5
The lighting system
6
• The luminaire• The driver• The dimmer / controller
The lighting system
7
• The following electrical characteristics define the led. Below data is known when buying the led, refer to the datasheet
• Light output (Lumen)• Drive current (Ampere, A)• Forward voltage / Output voltage (Volt, Vf)• Power consumption, energy (Watts, W)• Efficacy (Lumen / Watt)
• The more current – the more light• Forward voltage is vital information when
connecting leds to a driver
energy = voltage x currentWatts = Volt x Ampere
P = U x I
Electrical characteristics of the led
compare electricity with plumbingelectricity wire ≈ service pipe
current ≈ watervoltage ≈ water pressure
8
• The luminaire• The driver• The dimmer / controller
The lighting system
9
• The driver switches the light on and off – at the right light level• The driver arranges the dimming• The driver is the starting point for wireless lighting controls• The driver is the entrance towards new cloud-based IT-services
The driver supplies the electrical current to the leds
The driver is either inside the luminaire or used externally
A.k.a. intelligent ballast, transformer, power supply (wrong name)
eldoLED drivers are programmable (current settings / dimming curve) and dimmable (via DALI, 1-10V or DMX)
The driver
10
Dimming
11
The lighting system
2 influencers on dimming quality
Dimming – a trivial story?
12
Incandescent- or halogen-like dimming– Dimming all the way down to 0.1% or to 1% to have the best “perceived light”– Dim-to-warm: dimming (less intensity) ánd warmer light (changing colour temperature)
Natural dimming– No flicker – both no visible and no invisible flicker– No steps – smooth and gradually from 100% down to 0.1% or 1%– Constant brightness change over the dimmer scale, no “dead-travel” of the dimmer– Dim-to-warm (see above) & tunable white (separate control on intensity & colour temperature)
Robustness: works flawlessly with standard controls in the market– 0..10V / 1..10V– DALI– DMX and DMX/RDM– Wireless: Bluetooth Low Energy NB: Leading Edge / Trailing Edge / Phase Cut / TRIAC : these are not supported by eldoLED(these methods are designed for incandescent / halogen lamps; method is not standardized & method is too slow for the very quick / speedy leds. Somewhere you will loose on dim quality)
Dim to 5%Dim to 1% Dim to 0.1% / dark
Dimming – a trivial story?
Dimming performance: measured versus perceived light
14
Dim to dark / 0.1%2 to 3% perceived
Dim to 10%32% perceived
Dim 1%10% perceived
Source: IESNA Handbook, 9th edition, measured versus perceived light
How LED drivers dim
15
• Switching LED on/off in fixed frequency
✓ Good dimming regulations at low levels
X Potential noise generation
X Potentially undesirable flicker, depending on frequency and amplitude
• Varying LED current, LED always on
✓ No flicker✓ No noise generation✓ Higher LED efficacy at lower
dimming levelsX Poor dimming regulation at
very deep dimming (low current) levels
X Potential colour shift in leds
PWM dimmingpulse width modulation
CCR dimmingconstant current reduction
Hybrid Hydra Drive dimming“improved” modulation
• LED are not switched off (amplitude change)
• Modulation in variable frequency✓ Best dimming regulations at deep
dimming levels✓ High duty cycle frequencies
✓ Acceptable flicker✓ Dimming all the way to dark 0.1%
measured (2 to 3% perceived light)✓ Increasing LED efficacy at dimming✓ Low noise generation
How LED drivers dim
16
• Switching LED on/off in fixed frequency
✓ Good dimming regulations at low levels
X Potential noise generation
X Potentially undesirable flicker, depending on frequency and amplitude
• Varying LED current, LED always on
✓ No flicker✓ No noise generation✓ Higher LED efficacy at lower
dimming levelsX Poor dimming regulation at
very deep dimming (low current) levels
X Potential colour shift in leds
• LED are not switched off (amplitude change)
• Modulation in variable frequency✓ Best dimming regulations at deep
dimming levels✓ High duty cycle frequencies
✓ Acceptable flicker✓ Dimming all the way to dark 0.1%
measured (2 to 3% perceived light)✓ Increasing LED efficacy at dimming✓ Low noise generation
PWM CCR Hybrid Hydra Drive
flicker
flickerflicker
dim-to-dark
dim-to-dark dim-
to-dark
17
Flicker
Flicker. Who cares? You should!
18
Potential flicker-induced problems like:
The human body / the human eye
Headaches, fatigue, blurred vision, eyestrain
Neurological problems, including epileptic seizure
Increased autistic behaviors, especially in children
Camera recordings
‘Unstable light / vertical stripes’ in video or film recordings
Flicker is increasingly becoming a concern in the lighting industry
How to prevent flicker ?Follow recommendation IEEE 1789
rouLED table
Flicker. Who cares? You should!
19
Mapping the drivers’ performance on flicker
21
eldoLED specification sheets with objective flicker data
22
Dynamic white and flicker
23
Dynamic white and flicker
Dimming down the warm white- & dimming up the cold white LEDs
Dimming twice = Cross dimming!
Luminaire
Control
Flicker
2700K3450K4200K4950K5700K
Colour mixing and flicker – cross dimming !
25
If you don’t want flicker, specify IEEE1789 when you want
• Regular dimming
and / or when implementing
• Dynamic white lighting (regular dimming & colour changing: cross dimming)
Recommendation
26
Camera compatibility
LED lighting & TV studio camera
27
When do you see interference in your recordings?
28
Cameras
• a camera receives light via regular opening and closing of the lens; shutter times
• Some cameras have fixed shutter times and other cameras have variable shutter times
Electric LED light
• most LED light flickers invisibly when dimmed
• some drivers use fixed frequencies (PWM) and other drivers use variable frequencies (hybrid hydra drive)
Your recorded image will contain interference / striping / rainbow effect
if camera shutter times and LED dimming frequencies are not in-line
“if one dances off beat”
Your recorded image will be smooth and regular
if camera shutter times and LED dimming frequencies are 100% in-line
“if they dance to the same beat”
Types of cameras
29
Most TV studio-, video conferencing-, CCTV- and HD-cameras are based on a
fixed shutter times of 50 or 60Hz
Portable cameras / mobile phones have automatic adjustable, rolling shutter times.
The adjustable shutter time acts on the amount of light
30
X In general PWM dimming frequencies can not be divided by 50 / 60Hz
X Noticeable rainbow effect with HD-, TV-studio-, video conferencing- or CCTV cameras - Mixed colours will be separated into
red, green and blue
✓ HHD dimming frequencies are always multiples of the camera frequency which is 50 / 60Hz.
✓ Reduced rainbow effect with HD-, TV-, studio-, video conferencing- or CCTV cameras
3rd party PWM dimming vs.
Types of LED drivers & HD camera compatibility
eldoLED Hybrid HydraDrive dimming
PWM dimming
31
• In general LED drivers have fixed dimming frequency in the range of 250Hz - 2000Hz
• In general PWM dimming frequencies can not be divided by 50 / 60Hz
• Each frame receives different amount of LED light. This will result in visible horizontal shadow lines
1 kHz dim
ming
Hybrid hydradrive dimming
32
• Hybrid Hydra Drive works with variable frequencies
• All dimming frequencies can be divided by 50 / 60Hz
• Each frame receives the same amount of LED light
• Smooth recorded images
33
Driver hardware
34
Which power grid?The power grid (mains) is 220/230VAC in Europe and Australia, but 120VAC in USCheck which mains input the driver can handle
AC drivers or DC drivers?
AC (Alternating Current) drivers can be directly connected to mains power gridDC (Direct Current) drivers need a separate power supply to convert mains (e.g. 220VAC) down to low voltage 12/24VDC
The driver
The driver: constant current or constant voltage
35
CC or CV: dependent on the layout of the LEDs
Constant CurrentFor LED modulesE.g. downlights or panelsE.g. “Cree”, “Bridgelux”, “Xicato”
Constant VoltageAssures uniform light distribution across long strips of LEDsFor LED strips, typically 12V, 24V or 48V outputE.g. “LED Linear”, “KKDC”
45
Network interfacesDALI
0-10V / 1-10V
DMX, DMX / RDM
Wireless
The lighting system
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4 supported lighting protocols
1. DALIDigital protocol for white light or for dynamic white lightBi directional communicationFlexible system, with possibility to create lighting groupsSpecial knowledge is needed for commissioning
2. 0-10V or 1-10VAnalogue protocol for white lightOne directional communicationEasy commissioning, less possibilities than DALIVery sensitive to external disturbances: wires should not run next to mains cables / motors / fans
3. DMX or DMX/RDMDigital protocol for coloured light, RGB(W)DMX – mono directional communicationRDM – bi directional communicationSuited for entertainment lighting or architectural lighting
4. WirelessMany proprietary solutionsZigbee, BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy), MESH, WiFi, LiFi, …..It’s a jungle out there ☺ !
47
DALI vs 1-10V / 0-10V
48
Lighting protocol vs dimming levels
49
The lighting protocol does NOT define to which level you can dim down to
Lighting protocol 10% / 32% 5% / 22% 1% / 10% 0.1% / dark
DALI √ √ √ √
1-10 V √ √ √ √
0-10 V √ √ √ √
DMX √ √ √ √
Wireless (e.g. BLE) √ √ √ √
Lighting protocol vs dimming levels
50
The lighting protocol does NOT define to which level you can dim down toIt’s the driver brand / driver technology that defines this
Lighting protocol 10% / 32% 5% / 22% 1% / 10% 0.1% / dark
DALI √ √ √ √
1-10 V √ √ √ √
0-10 V √ √ √ √
DMX √ √ √ √
Wireless (e.g. BLE) √ √ √ √
eldoLED 10% / 32% 5% / 22% 1% / 10% 0.1% / dark
DALI x x ECO SOLO/DUAL/LIN
1-10 V x x ECO SOLO/DUAL/LIN
0-10 V x x ECO SOLO/DUAL/LIN
DMX x x x POWER/LIN
Wireless (e.g. BLE) x x ECO SOLO/DUAL/LIN
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DALI
52
Advantages of DALI• Full digital control: group creation or individual control of fixtures• DALI is a standard and its quality is safeguarded by the DALI organization• Dimming curve is standardized – in principle always compatibility between controllers &
drivers
Disadvantage of DALI• Specific knowledge is needed during installation & commissioning• Specific wiring is needed, although easy and without polarity• Software commission is needed• Existence of DALI dialects, which might hamper compatibility• Maximum 64 “ballasts” (addresses) on 1 DALI controller
53
DALI standard – What is DALI?
Commercial
• It’s a lighting protocol (not a building management system like KNX or Crestron)
• Digital Addressable Lighting Interface
• is an IEC Standard, everybody can use it
• registered logos by DiiA, Digital Illumination Interface Alliance
• manufacturers must be members of DiiA
• eldoLED / Acuity is full member of DiiA
• I am a member of the Promotion Work Group of DiiA
Technical
• two wire control lead
• BUS based protocol, all DALI components in parallel (max 64 per controller)
• digital and bi-directional communication
• 254 digital dimming values (set points from 1 to 254, from 0.1% to 100%)
• baud rate 1,200 bits per second (DMX is 250,000 bits per second)
• DALI-2 is a new certification program which brings the promise of significantly improved interoperability and additional functionality compared with current DALI
systems in the market
DALI implementation
54
Logarithmic dimming curve in the driver !
DALI setpoint
000 001 060 085 126 144 170 195 210 220 229 235 241 246 250 254
% light output
0% 0.1% 0.5% 1% 3% 5% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
DALI set point,
DALI implementation
55
Logarithmic dimming curve in the driver !
DALI setpoint
000 001 060 085 126 144 170 195 210 220 229 235 241 246 250 254
% light output
0% 0.1% 0.5% 1% 3% 5% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
DALI set point,
DALI implementation
56
Logarithmic dimming curve in the driver !
DALI setpoint
000 001 060 085 126 144 170 195 210 220 229 235 241 246 250 254
% light output
0% 0.1% 0.5% 1% 3% 5% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Some DALI controllers cannot dim below 1%, because they cannot / will not send out a DALI set point lower than 085.
If you want to dim-to-dark, please specify a DALI controller that can handle the whole range of DALI set points: from 1 to 254.
With DALI controllers that cannot dim below 1%, all DALI set point levels values under 085 (except 0 = off) are interpreted as a minimum light level.
DALI set point,
DALI implementation
57
Logarithmic dimming curve in the driver !
DALI setpoint
000 001 060 085 126 144 170 195 210 220 229 235 241 246 250 254
% light output
0% 0.1% 0.5% 1% 3% 5% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
% perceived light
0% 1 to3%
10% 22% 32% 45% 53% 62% 69% 76% 82% 88% 94% 100%
Relation between DALI setpoint, % light ouput and perceived light
DALI set point,
DALI is a language
• DALI commands has a translation to English
• You can speak DALI!
58
Light On 100%
What light level do you
have?
Launch the Scene 1
DIRECT ARC POWER 254
QUERY ACTUAL LEVEL
GOTO SCENE 1
ENGLISH DALI
DALI standard – Commissioning process example
59
Art gallery:Each painting should have independent light brightness control
DALI standard – Commissioning process example
60
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI standard – Commissioning process example
61
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
Hello?
DALI standard – Commissioning process example
62
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
Hi!
DALI standard – Commissioning process example
63
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
What type of device are you?
DALI standard – Commissioning process example
64
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
I’m a LED driver device type 6
DALI standard – Commissioning process example
65
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
You are the short address A01
DALI standard – Commissioning process example
66
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
I am short address A01
DALI standard – Commissioning process example
67
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
You will be added to DALI “group 1”
DALI standard – Commissioning process example
68
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
I’m added to “group 1”
DALI standard – DALI commands
69
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
Dim DALI “group 1” to 10%
DALI standard – DALI commands
70
DALI Control device
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
DALI Ballast
Understood
Colour Sciencetunable white, dim-to-warm, DALI DT6, DALI Colour DT8, LightShape
72
Light, visible light
Electromagnetic radiation is characterized by its wavelength (or frequency) and its intensity.
When the wavelength is within the visible spectrum (for humans between 390nm and 700nm), it is known as "visible light".
Colour perception
Colour seen by humans – many ways to define ...
73
Colour CIE1931
• Colour space : x, y, z (includes intensity)• Chromaticiy : x, y (no intensity)• Correlated Colour Temperature CCT: degrees Kelvin
CCT 4000 K is a line, not a single point
4000 K on black body: x = 0.38044, y = 0.37675)
Creation of tunable white / dim to warmThe ideal path travels exactly on the black body locusIn reality – with 2 colours – it’s a straight line, not over the BBLSee example from 4000K to 2000K
You have to check the language that you choose You have to check how you communicate about colour: K or x,y
Black Body Locus / Planckian locusThe ideal white light – “ the sun changes colour like this “
!
DALI standard – IEC 62386
209
Colour Control
(device type 8)
. . .
205
Incandescent
Dimmer
(device type 4)
206
1-10V Converter
(device type 5)
207
LED
(device type 6)
208
Switching
(device type 7)
201
Fluorescent
(device type 0)
202
Self-contained Emergency
(device type 1)
203
HID
(device type 2)
204
LV Halogen
(device type 3)
102 – General requirements - Control gear
101 – General requirements - System
Particular Requirements (Extensions)
General Requirements
74
DALI standard – IEC 62386
209
Colour Control
(device type 8)
. . .
205
Incandescent
Dimmer
(device type 4)
206
1-10V Converter
(device type 5)
207
LED
(device type 6)
208
Switching
(device type 7)
201
Fluorescent
(device type 0)
202
Self-contained Emergency
(device type 1)
203
HID
(device type 2)
204
LV Halogen
(device type 3)
102 – General requirements - Control gear
101 – General requirements - System
Particular Requirements (Extensions)
General Requirements
75
Colour science: your expectations
76
Tunable White
Specify and reproduce natural daylight's colours and transitions. Allows you to recreate the light of any time of the day, the colour and quality of light that fits your mood and space.
•DALI, with 2 handles:- Intensity: perfect dimming to dark (0.1%) via digital DALI setpoints- CCT: via exact Kelvin value or digital DALI setpoints
•Define intensity dimming curve for control operability
•True interoperability with majority of tunable white LED modules
•True interoperability with all major OEM luminaire brands
Colour science: your expectations
77
Dim To Warm
Produce the warm and comfortable light of incandescent or halogen. Dim-to-Warm turns white LED sources into warm colours as they are dimmed, creating a comfortable ambience.
•DALI or 0-10V, with 1 handle:- Intensity: perfect warm dimming to dark (0.1%)
•Define intensity dimming curve for control operability
•True interoperability with majority of tunable white LED modules
•True interoperability with all major OEM luminaire brands
Creating tunable white
Dimmer or controller sends information on intensity and colour to the LED driver using a particular communication protocol.
The LED driver translates this information into current for the connected LEDs.
78
Creating tunable white: DALI DT6
You use
• two single-channel DALI LED drivers
• two addresses in DALI DT6
You achieve the desired light level and colour by
• dimming warm white LEDs with one slider
• dimming cool white LEDs with the other slider
The user needs visual feedback; the colour setting is based on a feeling and is achieved by trial and error.
79
Creating tunable white: DALI DT6
You use• one dual-channel DALI LED
driver• two addresses in DALI DT6
You achieve the desired light level and colour by• dimming warm white LEDs with
one slider• dimming cool white LEDs with
the other slider
The user needs visual feedback; the colour setting is based on a feeling and is achieved by trial and error.
Still no guarantee of colourconsistency.
80
Creating tunable white: DALI DT6 with Lightshape
You use
• One dual-channel, DALI LED driver with LightShape
• Two addresses in DALI DT6
You achieve the desired light level and colourby
• dimming the LEDs with one slider (address 1)
• choosing the colour with the other slider (address 2)
• For each address, pick a DALI setpoint between 0 and 255.
LightShape on DT6 introduces relative colourscience. The user chooses a relative dim level and a relative colour. LightShape: link and translation to the different LEDs
Visual feedback still required, but the result is perfect colour experience with the best possible colour consistency over the different LED’s
81
Creating tunable white: DALI DT8 with LightshapeDifferent language, same challenge
82
You use
• One dual-channel, DALI LED driver with LightShape
• only one addresses in DALI DT8
You achieve the desired light level and colour by
• dimming LEDs with one slider (DALI setpoint 0-255)
• setting the colour with one of the four colourcontrol methods
IEC 62386 has defined 4 colour control methods:
• Primary colour
• X and Y coordinates via CIE1931
• Kelvin (most LED drivers support only this method, as does eldoLED)
• RGBWAF
In principle, no visual feedback is required.
LightShape is the link and translation to the LEDs. Result: perfect colour experience, with the best possible colour consistency.
Creating dynamic white: DALI DT6 vs DALI DT8
83
DALI DT6 - 207
• 2 DALI addresses are needed• Colour scenes need to be programmed• Compatibility / interoperability is
guaranteed.• All available 207 compliant LED drivers
are 100% DiiA certified.
DALI DT8 - 209, aka DALI Colour
• Only 1 DALI address is needed• Integrated, pre programmed colour scenes• Compatibility / interoperability
is not guaranteed by default• None of the available 209 compliant LED
drivers have officially been DiiA certified, as the DT8/209 test sequence has not yet been defined.
DALI DT8 is just the language, not the total answer ☺
The language alone does not give the solution for the consistency requestDALI DT8 makes communication easier, but it might hamper interoperability
DALI DT8 (209) – the studybook is ready, but the exam is not...The standard is ready, but there is no official delivery certification, as the test is not defined.Offical DiiA certified DALI DT8 LED drivers cannot yet be delivered... timing is unclear
So compatibility between DALI DT8-controllers and DALI DT8-LED drivers is not guaranteed yet!DALI DT8 controller and DT8 LED driver combinations need to be tested upfront!!
84
• DALI DT8 only uses 1 DALI channel / DALI address for colour & intensity setting• DALI DT8 enables easier communication, but needs specific attention to interoperability of drivers - controllers• DALI DT8 test is not yet defined by DiiA→ no official DiiA certification for DALI DT8 LED drivers • eldoLED DALI DT8 drivers available Q1 2019, compatible with Helvar, Tridonic, Lunatone & Lutron DALI DT8 controllers
LightShape
Management & compensation for these technical dependencies is needed
LightShape
Now implemented in our standard drivers to create better tunable white / dimtowarm
• DALI DT8 makes it easier from a controls perspective
• DALI DT8 does not solve the inconsistency issue
• DALI DT8 might even impact DALI interoperability, as the LED drivers cannot be DiiA certified yet
86
Colour science with DALI DT6 vs DT8, with and without LightShape
CCT in Kelvin
Dim level %
Colour level %
Dim level %
DUAL DALI DT8LED driver
DUAL DALI DT6LED driver LS
Dim level % led cw
Dim level % led wwDUAL DALI DT6
LED driver
Standard DT6
DT6 with LightShape driver
Standard DT8
CCT in Kelvin
Dim level %
DUAL DALI DT8LED driver LS
DT8 with LightShape driver
DUAL DALI DT6LED driverDUAL DALI DT6
LED driver
DUAL DALI DT6LED driver LSDUAL DALI DT6
LED driver LS
DUAL DALI DT8LED driverDUAL DALI DT8
LED driver
DUAL DALI DT8LED driver LSDUAL DALI DT8
LED driver LS
High risk of inconsistency
Best consistency
High risk of inconsistency
Best consistency
2 addresses
2 addresses
1 address
1 address
88
light mixing
relative user settings
exact user settings
exact user settings
89
Dynamic white
lighting made easytunable white / dim-to-warm
Human Centric Lighting (HCL)
90
Lighting that is modelled to follow natural daylight - the rhythm of the day
• Kelvin changes (warm white / cold white)• Intensity changes (dimming)
Dynamic white lightingDim to warmTunable white
A technology choice needs to be made
Human Centric Lighting – what is it?
91
Dynamic lighting, the ‘holy grail’, linked to human-well being & productivity
Several of these solutions are commercially available, but• sometimes dimming is pretty lousy, because of e.g. flickering, dim to only 10%,
steppiness or shocks• official DALI colour (DT8 / 209) is not yet available (the study book is ready, but
the exam is not)• existing systems are specific and need significant commissioning efforts
(e.g. DMX)
LightShape: taking eldoLED’s dimming to the next level → dimming 2.0
All the way down-to-dark (hybrid hydra drive) & flicker-free (IEEE 1789), extended with tunable white & dim-to-warm!
Dynamic white lighting
92
It’s a technology- and architecture choice in your lighting system1. In the LED module itself?2. In the controller / dimmer ?3. In the LED driver?
FactsAll LEDs have different technical characteristics
– different currents, different lumen outputs, different colour temperatures– LED modules, LED strips
Many luminaire brands use different LEDs, because of different needs
Question?How to achieve homogeneity and similarity in your dynamic lighting, between brands of LEDs, between fixtures and between several fixture brands?While maintaining freedom of choice in controllers?
AnswerOrganize colour management as close to the LEDs as possible…!
How and where to organize it?
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LightShape is eldoLED’s implementation of offering dynamic white lighting –with 2 leds - via the driver
Enabling tunable white and dim-to-warm with standard controls, standard LED modules and standard eldoLED drivers
Building a lighting solution, you want• free choice in LEDs • free choice in controllers• no hassle during installation• consistency in light effect, both for fixture-to-fixture & brand-to-brand• perfect light effect, both in dimming & colour management
LightShape is an OEM tool, to be implemented by the fixture manufacturer
Dynamic white lighting
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We’ve made the driver more intelligent, by “telling” the driver which type of LEDs are connected ándwhich light effect is needed
The LightShape colour science algorithms do the rest……
DALI drivers for dynamic white & dim-to-warm(in combination with standard DALI DT6- & in future also with DALI DT8-controllers)
Available for constant current driversNew: proof of concept for constant voltage drivers
TOOLbox Pro hardware & FluxTool software
HCL – organize it ín the driver
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• GamutThe full potential colour range of luminaire, based on choice of LED’s
• PathRange of colours a luminaire can actually produce, based on application needs
• User interfaceHow many handles to operate the light: 1 rotary knob, 1 or 2 sliders, a touch panel or an app?
• Network interfaceWhich control / dimming protocol is used?
Implementation: 4 topics
If you choose 2 different colours in your fixture (cold white- & warm white leds), you then need to think about the following 4 topics:
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Dynamic white light – gamut & path
CIE 1931 color space chromaticity diagramSource: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_temperature
• GamutThe full potential colour range of luminaire, based on choice of LED’s
• PathPange of colours a luminaire can actually produce, based on application needs
• User interfaceHow many handles to operate the light: 1 rotary knob, 1 or 2 sliders, a touch panel or an app?
• Network interfaceWhich control / dimming protocol is used?
Dynamic white light – gamut & path
Gamut
LED Module 1: warm-to-icecold
• 2700K – 6500 K
LED Module 2: deep-warm to neutral
• 1800K – 4000K
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Dynamic white light – gamut & path
Gamut
LED Module 1: warm-to-icecold• 2700K – 6500K
LED Module 2: deep-warm to neutral• 1800K – 4000K
Path
• 2700K – 4000K
One DALI DT6 (!) controller, steering 2 different leds via a DUAL DALI driver with Lightshape
Slider A: intensitySlider B: colour temperature
Good similarity in colour experience!
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Dynamic white light – user interface
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One rotary knobfor dim-to-warm
Two sliders for tunable white
Touch panelwith pre-set scenes and/or buttons A bluetooth app with
pre-set scenes and/or buttons
• GamutThe full potential colour range of luminaire, based on choice of LED’s
• PathPange of colours a luminaire can actually produce, based on application needs
• User interfaceHow many handles to operate the light: 1 rotary knob, 1 or 2 sliders, a touch panel or an app?
• Network interfaceWhich control / dimming protocol is used?
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Dynamic white light – networking protocol
or
or
eldoLED does not support leading-, trailing edge / triac / phase cut dimming
(may follow later)
• GamutThe full potential colour range of luminaire, based on choice of LED’s
• PathPange of colours a luminaire can actually produce, based on application needs
• User interfaceHow many handles to operate the light: 1 rotary knob, 1 or 2 sliders, a touch panel or an app?
• Network interfaceWhich control / dimming protocol is used?
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0-10V / 1-10V
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Advantages of 0-10V dimming• Traditional way of dimming, known analogue protocol• No (software) commission needed• Low cost dimming method
Disadvantages of 0-10V dimming• No addressing is possible, all connected LED-drivers react identical on a command from
their controller• Groups options can only be created by adding extra 0-10V networks (i.e. extra controller
and extra cabling)• 2 wire control lead, polarity sensitive• Dimming curve is not standardized on shape and tolerance (linear, logarithmic, square,
soft-linear)• Dimming curve is not standardized on full light output, minimum light output and light off• Long wire distance needs special attention because of voltage drop and potential noise
from environment
Difference between 1-10V and 0-10V
There are two known standards
1-10V = IEC60929 (Annex E)
0-10V = ESTA E1.3, Entertainment Technology – Lighting Control System – 0-10V Analog
Control Protocol, Draft 9 June 1997
Main difference is the current direction between dimmer and LED driver.
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Dimmer1-10V output
LED driver1-10V input
current source current sink
Dimmer0-10V output
LED driver0-10V input
current source current sink
1-10V“general lighting”
0-10V“entertainment”
eldoLED supports both standards
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DMX & DMX / RDM
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Advantages of DMX• Made for colour dynamics, but also for sound & moving heads• Used for architectural lighting, e.g. RGB(W)• Speed• Standardized protocol• One DMX universe can handle 512 individual addresses• Maximum length between controller and last driver is maximum 300 meters
Advantages of DMX/RDM• No need to program the driver individually – can be done via the RDM controller
Disadvantages of DMX & DMX/RDM• Complexity - specialized knowledge is needed• Special cabling• Individual programming of drivers is needed (not with DMX)• Not a good match with traditional ‘installers’
Wireless – it’s a jungle out there !
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Wireless – some requirements
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A jungle – one can’t see the wood from the trees
MESH, WiFi, LiFi, Zigbee, BLE, wireless DALI, nLight, Atrius, Gooee, Xicato GalaXi, …
What to choose? What to specify? Linked to only one luminaire brand?Linked to only one LED module manufacturer?Linked to which ‘standard’ ? How to make sure the Quality of Light (dimming quality) is not affected?How to make sure the Quality of Light (‘flicker’ IEEE1789?) is not affected?
In essence: easier & better controls are needed• Commissioning the network must become easier• Using the light via apps – phone, tablet and other devices• Using the light via ‘normal’ wall switches
eldoLED wireless hardware platform
Symbiosis – a new range of external accessories, externally connected with eldoLED drivers via the LED Code interface
BLE radio modulefully digitally integrated with eldoLED drivers
it ‘talks’ Bluetooh Low Energy combined with Quality of Light (dim-to-dark & flicker free IEEE1789)But...it’s useless without an app / a control interface
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eldoLED wireless hardware platform
Symbiosis – a new range of external accessories, externally connected with eldoLED drivers via the LED Code interface
BLE radio modulefully digitally integrated with eldoLED drivers
it ‘talks’ Bluetooh Low Energy combined with Quality of Light (dim-to-dark & flicker free IEEE1789)
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for Europe / APAC
for USA
Wireless Bluetooth MESH – why do disruptive?
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• Bluetooth Low Energy
• Mesh Network Technology – Self-Healing
• Tightest Possible Integration
• Powerful User-friendly Software (IOS or Andriod)
Wireless
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Casambi – a well known name with established relations with 300 luminaire makersCasbami – a proprietary controls solution based on BLE, Bluetooth Low Energy 4.0Casambi – lighting controls / commissioning made easy via appCasambi – using the light via app, but also via fixed wall switches / dimmersCasambi – offered by system integrators
Typical Wiring Diagrams
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LEDcode
LEDcode
BT-L2C1In-luminaire, remote antenna
LEDcode
BT-L1C1In-luminaire, integrated antenna
BT-S1C1Standalone, integrated antenna
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• The luminaire• The driver• The dimmer / controller
The lighting system
The controller (or dimmer)
The controller is the brains of the lighting network
It sends out a signal over the lighting networkThe signal is picked up by drivers and translated into a light effect
eldoLED supports 3 lighting network interfaces• 0-10V & 1-10V : white functional lighting or warm dimming• DALI: white functional- or dynamic white lighting• DMX & DMX/RDM: coloured RGB(W) or dynamic white lighting
(eldoLED does not support leading edge / trailing edge / phase cut / triac)
Integration with building management systems / domotica like KNXVia KNX gateways to DALI, 0-10V/1-10V or DMX
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The controller – some brands
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eldoLED driver range
Dimming(measured light levels)
AC energyusage
DC energyusage
Controls # control channels
(“addresses”) DALI0-10V 1-10V
DMXRDM
constant current
SOLO dark / 0.1% 20, 30,50, 100W √ √ 1
ECO to 1% 20, 30,50, 100W √ √ 1
DUAL dark / 0.1% 50, 100W √ 2
POWER dark / 0.1% 50W, 100W (√) √ 1, 2, 3 or 4
constant voltage
LINEAR dark / 0.1% 100W √ √ 1, 2, 3 or 4
LIN180 dark / 0.1% 180W √ 1, 2, 3 or 4
LIN720 dark / 0.1% Up to 1150W √ √ 1, 2, 3 or 4
LIN210/212 dark / 0.1% 200W √ 1 / 2
LIN211 dark / 0.1% 200W √ 1
LIN220/222 dark / 0.1% 200W √ 1 / 2
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eldoLED driver range
AC drivers
# output groups
# control channels
20W ECO 1 1
20W SOLO 1 1
30W ECO 1 1
30W SOLO 1 1
50W ECO 1 1
50W SOLO 2 1
50W DUAL 2 2
50W POWER 3 or 4 1, 2, 3 or 4
100W SOLO 4 1
100W DUAL 4 2
100W POWER 4 1, 2, 3 or 4
100W LINEAR 4 1, 2, 3 or 4
DC drivers
MaxEnergy
# output groups
# control channels
LIN720DMX, DALI
24AX 48V =1152W
4 1, 2, 3 or 4
LIN180DMX
6AX 24V = 144W
4 1, 2, 3 or 4
LIN210DALI
8AX 24V = 192W
2 1
LIN220DALI
8AX 24V = 192W
2 2
LIN2110-10v
8AX 24V = 192W
2 1
LIN212DMX
8AX 24V = 192W
2 1
LIN222DMX
8AX 24V = 192W
2 2
Specifier conclusions
The driver arranges the dimming – so the choice of the driver is crucial to get the light effect that your customer needs. A driver can always be specified separately - you are in control ;)
1. Choose a driver that dims to the level that your customer needs (dim to dark 0.1% versus dim to 1% versus dim to a higher level)
2. Choose a driver that delivers non-harmful flicker, when dimming(follow the independent IEEE 1789 recommendation)
3. Choose a driver that gives you good HD camera compatibility(without visible interference)
4. Choose how and where to manage the colour management in your lighting system(best is: as close to the leds as possible)
5. Choose a driver that gives you good warm dimming or good tunable white control(choose a good dimming method, a good driver and a good dimmer. Test the total system)
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