digital publishing today: standards, challenges & opportunities
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Digital publishing today: Standards, challenges & opportunities. Columbia University Libraries’ Digital Library Seminar. Michael Healy, Executive Director, Book Industry Study Group. What is BISG?. Founded in 1977 Not-for-profit corporation Based in New York City - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Digital publishing today:Standards, challenges & opportunities
Columbia University Libraries’ Digital Library Seminar
Michael Healy, Executive Director, Book Industry Study Group
Founded in 1977 Not-for-profit corporation Based in New York City Three full-time staff members
Executive Director Associate Director Office Manager
What is BISG?
Drawn from all parts of the supply chain Our unique strength Printers, paper mills, book manufacturers Publishers (large/small; corporate/independent) Booksellers and wholesalers Service suppliers Libraries Trade associations
Membership
“Working to create a more informed, empowered, and efficient book industry.”
Our mission
The mission in action
Standards Best practices Certification Research Publications Education Events
U.S. market size *
* Caveat emptor
Reasons to be gloomy?
Book sales Industry consolidation Readership
U.S. book sales 2004-2011
Book sales by sector
Increasing consolidation
A crisis in readership?
• Americans are reading less• Young adults are reading fewer books• Reading is a declining activity for teenagers• American families are spending less on books• Reading comprehension skills are falling• Civic, economic, and cultural implications
Reasons to be cheerful?
Sources of confidence
Infrastructure Content development Marketing Content protection
Areas of strategic focus
Content preparation– Frontlist titles “born digital”– Backlist digitization: selective or total
DAM and DAD systems Workflow integration
– Editorial, production and distribution Standardization
– e.g. XML, .epub
Infrastructure
Content development
“Fragment” publishing Reader-generated content Customized publishing Short form narrative Reader interaction
Content development
Content development
Widgets Podcasts Social networking sites Cell phone marketing Browse inside Author-publisher collaboration Pricing – the importance of $0.00
Marketing
Author-publisher collaboration
Experimenting with free
Encouraging sales; discouraging piracy Meeting consumer expectations Online audio books without DRM
Random House experiment: September 2007 Random House announcement: February 2008
Watermarking and piracy tracking Amazon and Audible?
Content protection
Issues for publishers
Focus on the individual consumer/user Focus on “granular” content Focus on user-defined content
Influence of social networking sites Encompasses all types of publishers Many new players
Issues for publishers: quality/authority
The question of authority “The wisdom of crowds” The role of the editor and the publisher Social, political, & civic implications Author-reader relationships The prospect of disintermediation?
Publisher Bookseller Librarian
Issues for publishers: content delivery
New focus on “content”, not “books” Customer-driven content models Selling “fragments” Aggregation from different sources Aggregation from different providers Integration of personal and 3rd party content
Issues for publishers: business models
Learning from other media Newspapers Music
“Getting rich by charging nothing” Will books ultimately be “free”? Cost of quality content Proliferation of new commercial models
Purchase, rental, ad-driven, subscription etc.
Issues for publishers: rights and DRM
Rules that describe how content may be used Mechanisms for rewarding content creators Tools for investment returns What are the lessons of the music industry? The influence of the search engines Standardized rights-expression languages
Changing publishing models
Traditional Publishing Model
Bookseller owns customer
Publisher’s contact with customer limited to advertising, author appearances
Content Creators Publisher Bookseller
ContentContent +Product
Metadata Product
Content Metadata
Consumer
Changing publishing models: web 1.0
Content + Product Metadata
(Websites, Newsletters)
Content Creators Publisher BooksellerConsumerConsumer
Content + Product Metadata (Websites, Newsletters, Games, Contests, Interactive)
Web 1.0 Model Shift
Publishers and authors make direct contact with consumers through online marketing
Changing publishing models: web 2.0
Product + Content + Product Metadata
(Websites, Newsletters, MySpace)
Content Creators Publisher BooksellerConsumerConsumer
Consumer Defined Product
(Chapters, Recipes)
Product + Content + Product Metadata(Widgets, chunked, mobile, search) Digital
Warehouse
Web 2.0 Model ShiftPublishers and Authors increase Consumer interaction
Dynamic Search and Discover
Consumer defined products
Interactive Social networks
Digital Warehouse
Challenges: the need for standards
Identification Products Works Contributors
Product description ONIX 3.0
Product formats Transaction standards
