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Digital Image Processing

Robin WaliaECE Department

Mullana University

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What is Image Processing?

• Machine Vision

• Computer Vision

• Pattern Recognition

• Image Processing

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Origin of DIP

Picture of earth’s moon taken by space probe in 1964. Picture made with a television camera (vidicon), transmitted to the earth by analog modulation, and digitized on the ground.

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Medical Images

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Multispectral Satellite Images

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Image Processing in Manufacturing

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Radar Image

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Image Processing Procedures

• Image acquisition• Enhancement• Restoration• Color processing• Compression• Morphological processing• Segmentation• Representation and description

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Digital Image Fundamentals

• Vision

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Subjective Brightness Perception

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Chapter 2: Digital Image FundamentalsChapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals

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Chapter 2: Digital Image FundamentalsChapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals

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Chapter 2: Digital Image FundamentalsChapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals

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Chapter 2: Digital Image FundamentalsChapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals

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Image Sensing and Acquisition

• Single sensor• Line scan• Array sensor• Other (MRI, Ultrasound)

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Chapter 2: Digital Image FundamentalsChapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals

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Chapter 2: Digital Image FundamentalsChapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals

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Chapter 2: Digital Image FundamentalsChapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals

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Chapter 2: Digital Image FundamentalsChapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals

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Image Sampling and Quantization

• Actual image is continuous• Digital image has a finite number of pixels and

levels

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Chapter 2: Digital Image FundamentalsChapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals

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Spatial and Gray-Level Resolution

• Photo Id: 100x100 pixels, 4 bits (grey scale)

Color adds 50%

• Photo image Depends when you bought a digital camera

• Film editing practice: 2048x1536 color pixels, 10 bit

• Advertising copy (Vogue) 30 Mb

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Chapter 2: Digital Image FundamentalsChapter 2: Digital Image Fundamentals

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Basic Relationships

• Neighors and Neighborhoods• Adjacency and connectivitiy• Distance measures• Pixel operations• Linear and nonliear operations