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Did England become Protestant in the 16 th century? L/O – To write an essay analysing whether England was Protestant by the end of the 16 th century Edward VI Henry VIII Elizabeth I Mary I

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Page 1: Did England become Protestant in the 16 th century? L/O – To write an essay analysing whether England was Protestant by the end of the 16 th century Edward

Did England become Protestant in the 16th century?

L/O – To write an essay analysing whether England was Protestant by the end of the 16th century

Edward VIHenry VIII Elizabeth I

Mary I

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What did Protestants and Catholics believe?

The different beliefs were reflected in the churches that the two faiths built.

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Inside a Protestant church

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Inside a Catholic church

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When Henry VIII passed the Act of Supremacy in 1534, he cut the English Church off from the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church and the Pope in Rome.

Instead, he set up the Church of England, which had the monarch as its leader.

The Church and the monarch

What effect do you think this had on religion in England?

The fact that the monarch was now head of the church meant that the religious views of the king or queen became much more important in Tudor England.

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Henry VIII

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Henry VIII’s children

All of Henry’s children became monarchs because each of them died without leaving a child to follow them.

Henry’s children were:

Edward VI

son of Jane Seymour

Mary I

daughter of Catherineof Aragon

Elizabeth I

daughter of Anne Boleyn

Images © National Portrait Gallery, London

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As each monarch came to the throne, they changed the religion of England to their own.

Each time the religion of England changed, some people would choose to stick to the old religion. Those who did so were called heretics.

Heresy was punishable by death. Some of those who were caught were burned at the stake.

Edward VI

Protestant

Elizabeth I

Protestant

Mary I

Catholic

Religious changes

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Henry VIII’s children

Page 9: Did England become Protestant in the 16 th century? L/O – To write an essay analysing whether England was Protestant by the end of the 16 th century Edward

Henry VIII• Henry wanted a divorce from Catherine of Aragon.

In 1534 he passed the ‘Act of Supremacy’.

The English Church

Before the Act of Supremacy, 1534After the Act of Supremacy, 1534

• Henry was now in charge of the English church, not the Pope.

• He then gave himself a divorce and married Anne Boleyn.

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Henry VIII• In 1536, Henry needed

money from the Church which he was now head of.

• He started to close down the monasteries of England. This was known as the ‘Dissolution of the Monasteries’.

• But in 1539 he banned translation of the Bible into English.

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Aim: to make England a Protestant country.

the monarch was Head of the Church

new (English) prayer book was used

priests were allowed to marry

priests were to dress simply

churches were plain

statues of saints were removed and destroyed

two heretics were burned at the stake

holy days (holidays) were ended

the Protestant Lady Jane Grey was made Edward’s heir.

Religion under Edward VI:

The reign of Edward VI (1547–53)

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Aim: to return England to the Catholic religion.

Lady Jane Grey was deposed and executedPope became Head of the Church againEnglish prayer book was bannedpriests were forbidden to marryProtestant bishops lost their jobs (800 leading Protestants left Britain)statues of saints and altars returned to churchesMary married the Catholic King Philip II of Spainabout 280 Protestants were burned at the stakea Protestant rebellion in Kent was put down firmlyunsuccessfully attempted to return land taken from the Church by Henry VIII.

Religion under Mary I:

The Reign of Mary I (1553–58)

© National Portrait Gallery, London

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Aim: to make England Protestant again and heal religious differences.

monarch was Head of the Church

priests were to swear loyalty to the monarch

churches were plain and simple

statues of saints were removed and destroyed

Catholics were able to avoid persecution if they swore loyalty to Elizabeth

five heretics were burned at the stake

extreme Protestants were kept in check.

Religion under Elizabeth I:

Elizabeth’s policies were called the Elizabethan religious settlement.

The Reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603)

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Religious conformity

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Challenges to the religious settlement

Page 16: Did England become Protestant in the 16 th century? L/O – To write an essay analysing whether England was Protestant by the end of the 16 th century Edward

Introduction – What religion did England have in 1500? What did this mean to people?

Role of Religion in daily life, how important? What was the religion? Why did people begin to ‘protest’ against the Catholic Church?

How did Henry VIII’s actions change religion in England?

How did England become more Protestant under Edward VI?

How successful was Mary I in turning England back to Catholicism?

What did Elizabeth I do to try to reach a settlement in religion?

Conclusion – Was England more Protestant or more Catholic by the end of Elizabeth’s reign?

DID ENGLAND BECOME PROTESTANT IN THE 16th CENTURY?


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