Achievement Motivation

Sports PsychologyA2 Physical Education

Task 1: complete worksheetGIANT KILLERS!!

Barnsley vs. Chelsea in the 6th round of the FA Cup

The result of his match was not as expected. List the reasons you think Barnsly got

this result.

..\..\sport video\Barnsly vs Chelsea AM.mp4

Gill (1986)

‘A person who has high levels of achievement motivation would have a tendency to strive for success, persist in the face of failure and experience pride a accomplishments.’ (D.Gill)

DO YOU KNOW ANYONE LIKE THIS?

AM Continued...Murray (1938) first used the term achievement

motivation and indentified a performers need for achievement as being linked to their personality.

Competition is described as a ‘achievement situation’; in other words a the performer is putting themselves in a situation where they have the potential to succeed or fail, but still a situation whereby achievement can be measured.

Achievement can still take place in non – competitive situations.

In either situation; there are still people that are more willing to put themselves into the ‘achievement situations’ and can be labelled as ‘achievement orientated’.

Atkinson's Interactionist approach

Where have we heard the term Interactionist before?

What do you expect Atkinson's approach to be?

Atkinson’s Interactionist ApproachYou have been playing tennis for four years

at your local club.Your next league match is tomorrow…

YOU vs. Serena Williams

Situational component of AMAtkinson recognises just as a performers

personality (made up of trait characteristics) will effect performance; so will the situation the performer finds themselves in (Interactionist).

He claims that a performer will weigh up:The probability of successThe incentive value of that success

If you were playing a singles match against Rafael Nadal:

What is the probability of success?What is the incentive value of that success?

Atkinson personality components of Achievement Motivation

There are two parts to this approach:

Personality Situational

Need to achieve (N.Ach) Probability of success

Need to avoid failure (n.Af)Incentive value of success

TASK: What do you think the characteristics of each personality type are?

n.Ach n.Af

Personality component:Comparison of a n.Ach & n.Af

n.Ach n.AfSeeks challengesStandards are importantPersists for longerValues feedbackEnjoys evaluation situation (likes to be tested)Not afraid of failureTakes responsibility for own actionsOptimisticConfidentTask goal – orientatedAttributes performance to internal factors e.g. Success = effort failure = lack of effort

Avoids challenge – takes easy optionDislikes 50 – 50 situationGives up easilyDoes not like feedbackDislikes evaluation situationsPerforms worse in evaluation situationsAvoids personal responsibilityBlames failure on external factors e.g. “The rain is effecting my vision” or “I don't play well on this surface”Pessimistic Low confidenceTakes a long time over a taskOutcome goal orientated

If a performer displays a high motive to achieve (n.Ach) they will tend to have ‘approach behaviour’

Approach behaviour: the performer is motivated to attempt challenging situations even if they may fail.

If a performer has a low motive to achieve and is concerned about being evaluated (n.Af) they may have ‘avoidance behaviour’.

Avoidance behaviour: the performer is motivated to protect their self – esteem and will avoid situations where they may be evaluated.

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT FOR A COACH TO ENCOURAGE APPROACH BEHAVIOUR?

Achievement MotivationAchievement motivation is a measurement of

what drives us to succeed or hang back/play safe.

Achievement strives to answer questions such as:

Why is it that some performers achieve and some do not?

Why are certain performers driven to be more successful than others?

Task 3: n.Ach link to elite sportCan you think of a performer who you would describe as having that n.Ach characteristic’s?

ORCan you think of a situation in sport which would display whether you are a risk taker (n.Ach) or you hang back/take the easy option? (n.Af)

Sporting examples...GolfYou are teeing off and there is a water between

your tee and the green.

Do you play the ball short and sacrifice a shot? Play it safe

OR

Do you attempt to drive the ball over the water to the green?

Are you a n.Ach or a n.Af?

Achievement Motivation HomeworkDue next Thursday 24th Sept.

Describe the personality characteristics that are typical of Nach approach; and situational factors that would encourage a ‘need to achieve’ approach. Use practical examples to illustrate your answer. (5)

Use examples from team games to show how a coach would try to ensure that the players in the squad to have high levels of achievement motivation.(4)

Exam technique: Take account of the number of marks available for each

question. Check how many ‘aspects/subjects’ their are in the

question Note the need for practical examples and the context of

the examples Begin each comment that you think will gain you a mark

as a separate indented paragraph Use technical/specialist language