design realisation report 2011-2012 part 1, clarissa yee

BENV GA08 Design Realisation 2011-2012

Clarissa Yee

Unit 22

[Academic use only]

DesignRealisation towards a slow food housing typology

Design Realisation tutor: Richard Hyams Design tutors: Izaskun chinchilla, Carlos Jimenez and Helen& Hard

Contents

00- introduction 3

00.10 Site Area Introduction: Lancashire 400.20 Accurate definition of site 600.30 Site photographs 700.40 Program and Agenda 800.50 Intentions and Motivations 9

01- Building Form, Systems, Planning and Context 10

01.10 Program analysis 1001.11 Program analysis: Private to public 1101.12 Site analysis: Ground and nature 1201.13 Site analysis: Environmental 1301.20 Site Plan 1:500@A3 1501.21 Time based plans- 1:500 1601.25 Schedule 1901.26 Ground Floor GA 1:250@A3 (original 1:125@A1) 2001.27 First Floor GA 1:250@A3 (original 1:125@A1) 2101.28 Second Floor GA 1:250@A3 (original 1:125@A1) 2201.29a Short Section GA 1:200@A3 (Original 1:100@A1) 2301.29b Long Section GA 1:300@A3 (Original 1:150@A1) 2401.30 Overall Scheme 2601.31 Structure Sequence Overall 27 01.32 Build Sequence Detail 2901.33 Structure of Clusters as Components 3001.34 Structure Detail 3101.35 Structure Analysis Overall 3301.36 Structure Analysis Foundations 3401.40 Services Strategy 3601.41 Explanations and Precedents 3701.50 Access 3801.60 Fire 3901.61 Fire Analysis 4001.70- Context- local planning policy and unitary development plans 4101.80 Acoustic qualities 421.90 Health and Safety in construction 42

02- Building Construction 43

02.10 Materials and Construction 4302.11 Rammed Earth Construction 4402.12 Jet grouting Construction 4502.13 Timber frame Construction 4602.14 Timber frame details 4702.20 Solar Gain and Daylight 4802.21 Solar Shading 49

02.30 Water Tightness 5002.40 Interstitial Condensation 5102.50 Thermal Insulation 5202.60 Internal Fire Spread Legislation 5302.70 Maintenance 54

03- Building Performance 55

03.00 Initial Ideas on Performance 5503.01 Initial Ideas on Performance 5603.03 Overview on Performance Issues 5703.10 Ventilation and Cooling Strategy: Passive 5803.11 Ventilation and Cooling Strategy: atria 5903.12 Humidity Strategy 5903.20 Solar Heating Strategy 6003.21 Solar Heating Graph 6103.22 Plan layout according to solar heating 6203.30 Energy Assessment 6303.40 Energy overview Strategy 6403.41 Energy Strategy 6503.42 Heating and cooling systems 6603.50 Water Supply Diagram 6703.51 Rainwater Drainage and Harvesting System 6803.52 Rainwater Supply System 6903.53 Alternative Water Supply 7003.60 Rainwater Nature Bathroom 7103.70 Services Strategy 7203.80 Acoustics 7503.90 Environmental Impact of Materials 76

04- Building Delivery 77

04.10 Planning Legislation and how it affects the scheme 7704.20 Contractual relationships of client, design team, contractor and sub contractor and supplier 7804.30 Architects role and appointment 7904.40 The role of each of the other consultants 8004.50 Financial Context 8104.50 Financial Context- A case study 8204.60 Establishing Procurement Profile 8304.60 Procurement of the building and implication of the different contracts used 8404.70 CMD 85

05- Bibliography 86

06- Appendix 87

DESIGN REALISATION- TOWARDS A SLOW FOOD CO-HOUSING TYPOLOGY CLARISSA YEE UNIT 22 3

00- introduction

Unit 22 Theme

DARE TO CARE. Architecture taking care of vulnerable realities.

Technification pushed us to hold to the illusion that humans are invulnerable, with our magnificentcreations, our cities and our technologies. This resulting system allows economic privilege and the shortsightednessof the economic sphere to overwhelm the ecological and social realities in which we all live.The advances of science and technology and the domination over nature, allows us to consider that our environmental worries are no longer about what nature might do to us, but what we are doing to nature. The modern world seems to harbour notions that we stand outside of nature, that we are notembedded in an ecology. Nevertheless newspapers and television remind us that we are far from controlling nature and preventing its risk productions.While natural hazards still pose a major threat, even in the developed world, and the new sort of self-produced risk has been spread all over, the result is that we are substantially more vulnerable.

We will measure the quality of architecture by its ability to represent the interest and programs of others, being these others, humans, non humans, institutions or any other aspects and entities of our. BRUNO LATOUR

Including the ecological limits and dependence of everything we design. Protecting the context from the damage we are creating using the logic of Solving for pattern, coined by Berry in his essay of the same title, as the process of finding solutions that solve multiple problems, while minimizing the creation of new problems and maximizing the amount of opportunities- WENDEL BERRY


Lancashire is a North Western English County. It emerged during the Industrial Revolution as a major commercial and industrial region. The county encompassed several hundred mill towns and collieries. By the 1830s, approximately 85% of all cotton manufactured worldwide was processed in the Lancashire area.

19th century has seen the area shrink much smaller following a major reform of local government. The boroughs of Liverpool, Knowsley, St Helens and Sefton were removed entirely from Lancashire.

By the census of 1971 the population of Lancashire (including all its associated county boroughs) had reached 5,129,416, making it then the most populous geographic county in the UK. The administrative county of Lancashire was also the most populous of its type outside of London, with a population of 2,280,359 in 1961. On 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, the administrative county of Lancashire was abolished, as were the county boroughs. The urbanised southern part largely became part of two new metropolitan counties. The south-western part became part of Merseyside, the south-eastern part was incorporated into Greater Manchester.Lancaster has become the most urbanised county yet its diminished size and appearance is one of countryside and abundance of land. Its demise of mills has lead to mostly retailers and quarries as its main economic and residents remain large. Agriculture although still present is by far exceeded in economic output by industry.

00.10 Site Area Introduction: Lancashire

Typical lancashire countrysideSkate park in city Bridge over river lune

Photographs taken by Lancaster co-housing group

Map by Google

LANCASTER

HALTON

LANCASHIRE


11

195

2

9

1

3

WALTH

AM CO

URT

1

42

11

114

6

3

130

12

52

20

40

108

26

32

13

2

CLOSE

19

179

21

94

1

67

30

100

2

60

3

66

9

Hazel View

31

27

7072

26

83

171

53

9

19

37

11

CO

URT CLO

UGHA AV

ENUE

19

167

2

125

34

Cartref

30

8

42

10

47.5m

20

101

139

MEADO

WFIELD

105

9

1

19

1

53

111

79

68

67

6

28

59

12

35.1m

19

HO

UG

HTO

N

53

61 2

30

LB

9

20

1

11

31

27

51

14

23

7

12

1

39

21

2

11

11

27

27

16

2

8

Works

75

22

33

11

7

30

Tel

44

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15

97

52

10

28

1

41

25

34

211a

1

187

136

27

13

135

28

9

78

2

1

ThornField

103

1

5

72

6

38

Play Area

54

8

22

76

74

13

20

24

86

10

25

37

2

62

2

45

4

8

El Sub Sta

29

83

Church

Ex

3

NEW

STREET

ST WILFRID

'S PARK

HAY

LOT

DR

IVE

LYTHE FELL AVENUE

155

39.1m

40.8m

HIGH R

OAD

GP

Halton

SCHOOLHOUSE LANE

46

LUNESDALE VIEW

MEAD

OWFIE

LD

44.2m

TCB

42.0m

Shelt

er

116

LB

SYKE

LAND

S GR

El Su

b St

a

MS

AVENUE

SYKELANDS

42

141

128

36

157

10

93

10

17

89

20

22

THRUSHGILL DRIVE

Tank

ROAD

PENNY STONE

BEECH ROAD

Tank

39

PARK

56

24

40

6

3

OAK D

RIVE

12

1

31

49

81

1

54

POINT

ER GR

OVE

10

OAK D

RIVE

36.0m

85

38.8m

48

138

High View

58

52

55

El Sub Sta

HA

RROW

DA

LE

5

20

65

BANK

40A

40

38

34A34

36A36

15

18

2

El Sub Sta

Path (um

)

Halton Green

FB

48

52

House

176

Cottage

House

182

Avondale

Mayfield

Forg

ewoo

d Fla

t

46

50

1

39

Fairacre

El Sub Sta

44

Scholar Green

Forgewood

Forg

ewoo

d Co

ttage

Green Beck

29

ETL

LB

Halto

n

50

2

43

51

FB

Annie's Fold

RC Church

Bridge

10.7m

Lay-by

Stepaside

Halton

12

14

House

11.3m

31

71

21

Path (um)

Cae Newydd

35.4m

33

35

41

7

5

7

Glendale

166

172

Bridge

2

ROAD

65

FB

16.8m

Denny Bank

Ashrigg

Denny

34

Cottage

1

2

Car Park

22

7

24

164

2

23

25

2

39

15

17

1

1

2

7

Issues

22

43

Path (um)

10

1

5

Bridge

37.9m

1

1

37.8m

73

45

Woodfield

713

75

26

2

1311

Woodlands

5

5

10

1

19

Slipway

Denny Beck

Cunningarth

PW

Manor House

MILL LANE

Rosenlavi

Lower

Path and Cycleway

Rectory Barn

GP

Sewage Works

El

30.8m

Club

Shelter

HIGH

GRI

MES

HAW

LA

NE

(Tra

ck)

29.9m

Hazelwood

2119

Hotel

6

11

291

Allotment

BEC

K

DEN

NY

2

1

LYTH

E FE

LL A

VEN

UE

FORGEW

OOD D

RIVE

21.6m

Farm

LOW RO

AD

Boat

Bulk

Beck House

4

Denny Beck

Ivy Cottage

Car Park

1

152

11.6m

33

Path & Cycle Path

ETL

St Robert's

Depot

CLOU

21

FORGEW

OO

D D

RIVE

Sta

Beckside

Sub

Shelter

GP

13

11

RIVERSIDE C

LOSE

ST WILFRID

'SPARK

24

Slipway

Lay-by

Lay-by

LB

Track

5759

40.9m

TCB

(PH)

61

63

Halton W

eir

GHA

Denny Beck

10.4m

Kilindi

Gardens

13

Whin's Brow

Sinks

River Lune

55

Beck

Greyhound

18

LAN

E

The OldSchool

VictoriaPlace

RectoryCottages

TCB

1

3

REC

TORY

PINE C

LOSE

PADD

OCK

2

1

3

4

2

2

1

5

Denny Beck Barn

37

CG

SM

10

Forge B

ank We

ir

Pumping Station

ETL

SM

GVC

CG

MS

Post

Track

Cattle Grid

Intake

FORG

EWO

OD

Intake

5

39.3m

8

ParksideFarm

Post

38.2m

Path (

um)

North Lodge

CG

CG

37.5m

Pond

Caravan & Camp Site

Path & C

ycleway

A 683

1

Path (um

)

New

Track

FB

Track

16

River

Lune

Beach Croft

Breakwaters

CG

TheSta

bles

FORG

EWO

OD

Trac

k

26

HouseHazelbank

3

HAZELBA

NK

1

LUNE VIE

W

1

7Playground

ESS

Co Const & Ward BdyCR

PARK13

14

1 to 6

108

CRCo C

onst

& Ward

Bdy

TOWN END WAY

RiversideHouse

FORGE LANE

628

14

23

22

29

28

36

2

16

C of E Primary School

St Wilfrid's

PO

LB

Town End

14.0m

Farm

Farmhouse

The Coach House

Threshers Barn

The Dairy

The

The Granary

Courts

Playing Fields

Wenning House

The Centre at Halton

Librar

y

GreenBeck

CLOSE

Track

AVEN

UE

1:2000 Site map. Site market by red line

The site is on the north banks of River Lune. Halton, the closest village is only 3 miles away and is easily reachable by car and by bike.


Site is a 2.5 acre plot on the outskirts of Halton, North West England. It runs alongside the river Lune, and is 3.4 miles away from Lancaster town centre. It is easily navigated by bike and car. Historically, it was a site for an engineering company Luneside Engineering and in 1950 they built mechanical life size elephants which they took on tour around the country. Before this there were several mills on the site for cotton, linseed, fabrics before the businesses ceased and the properties sold. These mills did use the water from the river nearer the eastern end to use in ponds and building processes. It now houses one out of use old mill building.

1 in 3 people now live alonein Britain

85% of us dont know our neigh-bours

Aerial view of site

Topographical context of site

land

food

living

eatingproject

Lancashire and the world

Supermarkets,restaurants,farm shops

marketsEarthFarmland, River,Soil,Back garden,Tree,Plants

The link

00.20 Accurate definition of site


1. River Lune2. View of site from river side3. Fishing Hut and Boat House (still running)4. Old Mill Building ( empty)5. River Lune on boat6. View of mill building from west side.

00.30 Site photographs

1 2

3 4

5 6


Housing and public shared facilities for Lancaster Co-housing Group. There will be approximately 32 households comprising of houses 1-3 bed, houses and studio units. There will also be common facilities for sharing and preparing food. Laundry, visitors housing, car pooling and other activities will be shared within the scheme. The emphasis on the project is about food sustainability and general sustainable living. Appreciating where food comes from and the enjoyment of the experience of eating as a social past time. Due to time and money constraints, the inhabitant will move in at an earlier stage than completion and alter their surroundings themselves for their communal spaces in which the building will grow slowly.

- list of matters to be addressed

1. Architecture will respond to the different layers of private to public spaces that residents will encounter between the communal to the bedroom spaces and encourage interaction between people.2. The architecture will improve the relationship between the eater and the history of his/her food.The experience and enjoyment of eating will be drawn upon with the appreciation of where it has come from. 3. Architecture will respect and preserve the natural environment that it is housed in.5. The workings of architectural systems will be made obvious to its users in a friendly and understandable way.

CLARISSA Y E E UNIT 22 YEAR 4 PROJECT 2011-2012

TOWARDS A SLOW FOOD CO-HOUSING TYPOLOGY

massing required for different houses

12 x 1 bed10 x 2 bed7 x 3 bed

3 x 3+ bed

1 x communal house

12 x 1 bed

10 x 2 bed

7 x 3 bed

3 x 3+ bed

1 x communal house

floor area required 1:1000

55m

65m

80m

100m

360m

HOUSING TYPES

IN RELATION TO EACH OTHER

00.40 Program and Agenda

inId like to live with a bunch of friends who all ate together and helped look after each others children. - Pete

Pete

Luke

Chris

Jan

I work around the country and often from home - which will be great overlooking the Lune.- Jan

I look forward to living in community and hope that others will be inspired by the eco-living side of the project.- Kathy

Kathy

FionaI always thought Id suffer from empty nest syndrome when my daughter left home, so I wanted to have other people around me when that happened.- Fiona

Living on your own has its attraction, but it is not all its cracked up to be!- Chris

Huw

LANCASTER CO-HOUSING GROUP DIRECTORS:

Jon


Intentions:

Aims to improve food quality that is the dietary value, and the enjoyment value as a community and social activity by providing a scheme for living, growing and providing. By being mindful of the surroundings and the existing nature cycles that we are part of, the intention will be to add to and improve these systems of food waste, cooking, food production and by doing this having more of a connection with where our food comes from. Even though the feeling of these communities are old fashioned, the scheme should bring out its modern in attitude and outlook. It should set an example of a new and successful way of living, socialising with the community around you and to have an appreciation of the surroundings. It should promote social activity between all families, races and ages but also respect the privacy of individual households and members of the community that may not live on the premises.

It should be open to all as a way of living, and the process of adjusting to this way of life should be as easy and natural as possible.

Motivations:

Slow food as a link between land and food.To build a link between living and eating in set of building systems which treat the two activities as an engaging and dependent of each other. Treating nature not as an all mighty all beautiful object to admire, but as a delicate and almost dangerous world in which to be part of needs close attention to the systems already taking place in it. Therefor the architecture will try to preserve the land as much as possible. Symbiotic relationship between the processes of people, animals and plants. The slow food attitude extends to that of the environment- to protect it as it provides us with nutritional value that we must not destroy. As all the waste products from cooking, cleaning, packaging, heating will have an effect on the surroundings, which will in turn have an effect on the land which provides us food, The motivation of this project is not just to produce a eco village but to set en example of the quality of living and feeding ourselves and the environment well.

Food sufficiency in the way of production, cooking and waste produced must be dealt with to fit into the local environment and not to pollute it. Many normal species of plants may pollute the river which can have dramatic

problems on the habitat of the river animals and plants. This is true about foreign water also. So, there will be a motivation to produce a set of systems which will benefit the surroundings not add to the problem.

Slow architecture

The building will develop over time according to the needs and desires of the residents. Since as a community they get on well and like to be really involved with their surroundings, the architecture will reflect their interests and elements of craft.

Some households being responsible for certain areas of the common facilities will allow people to take ownership of the activities while sharing the facilities with others. It will therefore encourage people to look after shared spaces and encourage socialising.

00.50 Intentions and Motivations

The earthship building, where residents build their own house


75 35housespeople

12x 1 bed

10x 2 bed

7x 3 bed

3x 3 bed

residents

MINI COMMUNAL EATING INDIVIDUAL DWELLINGSWHOLE COMMUNITY SEMI COMMUNAL

semi communal space

Min-max number of people

1-2

2-3

3-4

3-4

growing/gardening 75m2

meeting rooms 60m2

laundry 20m2

whole community dining and meeting area

residents

75people

kitchens

PUBLIC COMMUNAL

existing as kitchen garden and outside space

existing as 1 and 2 storey flats

CL

US

TE

RIN

G

GR

OU

PIN

G

PR

OV

IDIN

G A

CC

ES

S

UN

ITIN

G

Hall space- dining & meeting

CL

OS

ING

food providing and storing other living rooms

gym 40m2office space 50m2

4-7

7-10

residents7-10

4-6

For comfortable sharing eating experience3 flats are clustered to make as few variations possible to make it cheaper/easier to build. Also these eating spaces could be combined larger parties i.e for a group. See next column.

A joint number of clustersgrouped according to program here access to everyone but of more responsibility of the group

These extra communal spaces willbe arranged according to what cluster is appropriate. eg. Energy is needed for running of computersand rainwater is needed for showers.

showers 40m2

This space should be easily accessed by everyone as the main space for the whole community to meet once a month. This also doubles as event space.

food ripening

food storage 60m2

Each dwelling will be private and individual but also feel as if it is connected to the widercommunity

Lancaster Co-Housing Group

guest house 50m2

residents

public communal space

3-4 1 bed flat 55m2

2 bed flat 65m2

3 bed flat 80m2

3 bed flat 100m2

ultimate common space

1 2 3 4

Privacy category3

4

Heating cluster

rainwater harvestingcluster

river water harvestingcluster

childcare 30m2Cooling cluster

kitchens

food ripening

growing/gardening 75m2

01.10 Program analysis

01- Building Form, Systems, Planning and Context


Alone space.Image: Enric Miralles- Scottish parliament

Chance to interact with others in areaImage: Morphosis- Madrid social housing

Place to meet others intentionally.Image: Rome Piazza Venezia

PRIvATE SEMI-PRIvATE SEMI- PUBLIC PUBLIC

1 2 3 4

There is a distinction between the different layers of space in which the program and space is organised. This means that in the co housing scheme there is a maximum amount of interaction between residents while they carry out different activities. The journey of a resident from their individual house to their choice of activity or to leave the building will be one of many transitions between these spaces.

View out to others yet still at a distanceImage: Garden trellis

01.11 Program analysis: Private to public


01.12 Site analysis: Ground and nature

N

15 mins to Halton Centre

Mill Building

Boat house And fishing Hut

Existing House

Crumbling rock faces made of sandstone and limestone- integral to landscape but not good for growing on

Massing model on site. In this general form the housing is dense instead of sprawled to impact of the ground as little as possible.

It is proposed that the ground should be brought back to a more natural state which will encourage native plants and animals to use it as well as provide a natural floor on which to live on.

However, the ground is not stable and there is in need of a retaining wall to the north side of the site where a rock face is crumbling.

There are many animals that live on the site, and the building should not destroy and if anything help to provide the habitat in which they thrive.

The river is a source of water, and the south side of the site is largely unobstructed to beautiful views across the River Lune.

River Lune


SUN:South facing windows will take advantage of winter and summer sunlight and also provide view out to the Lune.

The arrangement relies on most of the houses to be lit from the north and south sides with limited windows on the east and west side which are harder to have solar control over

Also, with planting occuring on the site, the best way to grow vegetables is arguably in rows north to south with the taller plants like tomatoes and beans to the north and the shorter or imbedded plants to the south so that they do not shade each other. The trees of the site also provide solar shading when the sun is low in the sky in the summer afternoons but not so much in the winter when the trees lose their leaves.

WIND:Wind is strong and in a south westerly direction. According to the Lancashire Council Web site, this site has the potential or wind energy capabilities.

WATER:Water runoff is naturally from north to south heading towards the river. This movement could be taken advantage of to collect rainwater for flushing toilets, planting and washing.

01.13 Site analysis: Environmental

wind

Access

[Academic use only]

Sun path

Water runoff

1:750


01.20 Site Plan 1:500@A3

[Academic use only]

[Academic use only]

[Academic use only]


[Academic use only]

01.21 Time based plans- 1:500

Wk 1-Wk 8 Groundwork starts in designated site area so that community can help clean up the site from sycamore seedlings while there are works on site.

[Academic use only]

Wk 9- Wk 17Timber construction starts on site from Zone A (east side) through to Zone C.The community move in as each structure is complete.

[Academic use only]

[Academic use only]


[Academic use only]

Wk 18- Wk 30Site zone gets smaller and is restricted to south buildings zone C. Residents can build and make their surroundings using rammed earth and found objects.

[Academic use only] Wk 40+Site zone gets smaller and is restricted to south buildings zone C. Residents can build and make their surroundings using rammed earth and found objects.

[Academic use only]

[Academic use only]

[Academic use only]

DESIGN REALISATION- TOWARDS A SLOW FOOD CO-HOUSING TYPOLOGY CLARISSA YEE UNIT 22 18 [Academic use only]

[Academic use only]

DESIGN REALISATION- TOWARDS A SLOW FOOD CO-HOUSING TYPOLOGY CLARISSA YEE UNIT 22 19[Academic use only]

01.25 Schedule

Jet grouting

Timber construction

TIM

E

Rammed earth walls

Community additions

TOTAL

PHASE 1

PHASE 2

PHASE 3

PHASE 4

T1

T1

T2

T3

T4

T5

T6

T7


01.26 Ground Floor GA 1:250@A3 (original 1:125@A1)

[Academic use only]

[Academic use only]

LEGEND

1. Main entrance2. Food Store3. Meeting Hall and Kitchen4. Typical Bedroom5. Typical communal living/ eating space

Communal spaces:6. Child care7. Office space8. Showers9. Archimedes Screw10. Pool11. Store12. Community made animal shelter

1 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

[Academic use only]

See Appendix for Originals


01.27 First Floor GA 1:250@A3 (original 1:125@A1)

[Academic use only]

[Academic use only]

LEGEND

1. Food Store2. Meeting Hall and Kitchen3. Typical Bedroom4. Typical Communal Space

Communal spaces:5. Laundry6. Community Room7. Community Garden and allotment space8. Individual allotment space 9. Office Space10. Boiler Room

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

8

8

8

3

9

10

[Academic use only]



01.28 Second Floor GA 1:250@A3 (original 1:125@A1)

[Academic use only]

LEGEND

1. Road entrance2. Water Storage3. Typical Bedroom4. Typical Communal Space

Communal spaces:5. Gym6. Community Room

1

2

3

4

5

6

8

[Academic use only]


[Academic use only]


01.29a Short Section GA 1:200@A3 (Original 1:100@A1)

[Academic use only]

LEGEND

1. Typical Bathroom2. Typical Circulation space3. Typical Bedroom

Communal spaces:4. Meeting and Eating Space5 Vegetable Ripening

6. Pool 7. Office space8. Bike Store9. Garden and Allotment space

10. Rainwater Harvesters11. Bird housing

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11


[Academic use only]


01.29b Long Section GA 1:300@A3 (Original 1:150@A1)

LEGEND

1. Typical Bathroom2. Typical Circulation space3. Typical Bedroom cosy bed4. Typical Bedroom wildlife bed

Communal spaces:5. Meeting and Eating Space6 Laundry

7. Gym8. Office space9. Outdoor eating space

10. Rainwater Harvesters11. Bird housing 12. Skylight13. Roof holding pipework

14. Main service riser15. Outdoor Hangout 16. Solar shaded facade17, Water storage


[Academic use only]

12

3

4

5

6

4

7

8

9

10

11

1213

14

15

16

17

[Academic use only]


Winter- cosy in controlled environment

Summer- within nature

1:50 model showing material qualities of bedroom/ living space within scheme


Zone A

Zone BZone C

[Academic use only]

Cluster: Hygiene Additional Programmes: Laundry, showers, GymSpecialism: obtaining water from the river, energy generationRequirements: machinery and equipment

Cluster: GrowingAdditional Programmes: gardens, kitchens, storageSpecialism: experience of eating outdoorsRequirements: rainwater harvesting, cooking energy outdoors

Cluster: Meet and EatAdditional Programmes: Large meeting/ dining space, childrens roomSpecialism: eating with everyoneRequirements: cooking energy indoors

Cluster: WorkingAdditional Programmes: Office and working spacesSpecialism: working environmentsRequirements: energy and cooling strategies

01.30 Overall Scheme


[Academic use only]

Construction program option 1 taking into account that the community will want to move in as soon as it is possible this method would mean that the community would have to wait until the end of all of the construction

Construction program option 2. The community would move in after each zone of building is completed. The growth of the architecture by the community is more organic. They will learn as they go along and be part of the excitement of the build.

01.31 Structure Sequence Overall


1A. Jet grounding foundations below ground surface

(Omitted from next drawings to avoid confusion)

1B. Timber platform frames constructed on top of foundations.

2A. Timber construction acts as shuttering support for rammed earth walls built between the timber frame construction by the community

3A. Building grows as a when the community needs it. They define their own communal space adding roofs using timberal vaulting and ceramic bricks and fast setting concrete.

Time


T+0 Jet grounding

T+1 removing ground

T+2 filling in with rammed earth

T+3 fixing timber columns

T+5 timber platform framing and bracing

natural ground

retaining wall

01.32 Build Sequence Detail

1:200 Isometric to show sequence of foundations and timber structure through two parts of the scheme


see jet grounding sequence

pitched roof made fromtimber constructionand ceramic cladding

solar shading and vine growing canopy made from timber

rammed earth walls

timberal vaulting using thin clay bricks and fast setting concrete

Timber platform framing as primary structure

Floor finishes made from compacted sand

Bedroom units prefabricated plywoodfixed to the timber frame

Rain catcher roof made from timber and plastics

01.33 Structure of Clusters as Components

DESIGN REALISATION- TOWARDS A SLOW FOOD CO-HOUSING TYPOLOGY CLARISSA YEE UNIT 22 31[Academic use only]

jet grouting

Timber frame

High strengthmortar

formwork attached

Rammed earth from timber platform

formwork removed

Timber frame

Timber frame=individualdwelling

Rammed earth=community ad-dition for communal use

Jet grouting

Rammed earth

01.34 Structure Detail

In order for the building to grow, the formwork for the rammed earth construction could be attached to the timber platforms itself as a guide and a base to stand on while doing the upper part of the ramming.

Jet grounding is a good alternative to concrete, as it is less intrusive in the soil and takes advantage of using the soil itself to stabilise the structure above it rather than having to dig out the ground and pouring concrete. Jet grounding also is a process which has less embodied energy than in situ concrete.

It could be fixed to the timber posts using a high strength motar. *

* See Section 02 Building Construction.

dwelling spacesdwelling spaces

community growncommunal space

1:20


01.35 Structure Analysis Overall

Section analysis shows that using the jet grouting method, there is no need for cross bracing the timber structure as there is no rotation movement at base. This is due to the very rigid mortar joint at the base of the columns. The jet grouting base resists the movement of the wind in all directions for the length of the post so other structural elements are not required. This is opposed to a typical connection at footing which does not resist rotation at base. *

* See section 1.36 for more details

Sketch to show the loads acting in 3D


01.36 Structure Analysis Foundations

[Academic use only]

Gravity loads from live weight and dead weight are carried through the load bearing timber columns. The jet grouting covers a large area within the ground to act as friction between it and the soil to counterbalance the weight of the building. (Section A)

Each column is fixed centrally to a jet grouting column to evenly distribute the weight. The fixing between the timber column and the jet grouting resists reactions of the wind in all directions due to the steel bars and high resistance mortar for a rigid connection at the base. (Section B)

Jet grouting at base of column doubles as viewing platform and seating


[Academic use only]


01.40 Services Strategy

[Academic use only]

Risers which will carry all services for water and electricity etc will be for each individual cluster as shown in the diagram. Each riser will then serve that cluster for these needs.

These will be accessible by riser cupboards which when needed to in the future can be used to additionally plumb extra services for new spaces in which it is adjacent to,

The diagram shows in yellow how this could be done in the additional spaces. *

* See section 03 for more details

[Academic use only]


01.41 Explanations and Precedents

The infrastructure and the framework sets where the bedroom units will be in location of the plan.

When the residents move in there is the infrastructure to support the way the building grows to their needs.

A good precedent is the Social Housing Project by Elemental where the bathrooms and bedrooms were built first leaving gaps where the residents would build out the extensions to their houses when they could afford to do so. This gives great flexibility and control to the users of the building.

Water supplied for bathroom useRainwater for other

Bedrooms

Communal area for housing cluster to divide or share

Views out to the river and to the communal spaces

Entrance

Platforms


01.50 Access

Building Regulations Part M states that means of access to and into a dwelling should be reasonable provision within the boundary of the plot of the dwelling for a disabled person to approach and gain access into the dwelling from the point of alighting a vehicle which maybe inside or outside the plot. In most circumstanced it should be possible to provide a level or ramped approach.

However due to the variations in topography on steeply sloping plots mean that a stepped approach would be reasonable.

This will satisfy part M1 of the Building Regulations since:-Stair widths are greater than 900mm-Rise of flights are less than 1.8m-Intermediate landings are less than 900mm in length-The treads have suitable nosings and the rise of each step is 150mm -There is a suitable handrail at least on one side of the flight.- Level entrance from vehicle to staircase-The entrance door has the appropriate door width of minimum clear opening of 775mm.-All corridors exceed minimum widths for disabled access.

Common Stairs has been provided for access between storeys designed to suit the needs of ambulant disabled people which is compliant with Part M of the Building Regulations.

WC is provided within the entrance storey of the dwelling which can accommodate a wheelchair user.The door opens outwards and provides a clear space for wheelchair users to access it.

There is a passenger lift that satisfies part M with 1500mm by 1500mm clear landing in front of the entrance and doors of which has a clear opening of 800mm minimum

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1:400

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ic use only]

1:100 Disabled WC[Academic use only]

1:100 Platform Lift

Disabled Parking


01.60 Fire

In the event of fire, there will be a suitable means of escape which will allow a safe exit from the building by all occupants. Fire strategies will be compliant with Part B of the UK building regulations. The nearest fire station from the site is 3 miles away in Halton, so the building must be fireproofed to allow enough time for the fire and rescue service to reach the building.

Fire risks are higher in residential buildings more than any other type of building, and risk of fire may occur by:

Cooking and kitchen fireResidents fireElectrical fireForest fire

Building regulations Part B has guidance on means of warning and escape in event of fire.- there is sufficient means for giving early warning of fire for persons in the building.-there are routes of sufficient number and capacity which are suitably located to enable persons to escape to a place of safety in the event of fire; and - the routes are sufficiently protected from the effects of fire where necessary.

Building regulations Part B1 pp 15

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Diagram showing how compartment walls between buildings run up to the roof and beams are short spans which do not continue through to other compartments adjacent

1:400


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01.61 Fire Analysis

As the building is on a slope it makes sense that people of the top floors will be safer to escape to the road side north of the site, and the people on the lower floors of the site will be safer to escape to the south side of the site by the banks of the river. This could be a problem as if may cause confusion for residents knowing which exit is best for them.

Here the diagram shows on the ground floor the strategy is that people have access to the circulation space which is 30min fire rating to which the staircases can be accessed for escape.Walls between houses in semi detached houses or houses in terraces should be treated as separate buildings and therefore dividing walls will be treated as compartment walls which form a complete barrier to fire. They should also run the full height of the building in a continuous vertical plane and continue through the roof space. If one beam, joist or rafter fails it has been designed so that is will not cause failure in any other compartment.

Zone A

Zone A

Zone B

Zone B


01.70- Context- local planning policy and unitary development plans

Areas of outstanding beautyScope For Increase Woodland CoverConservation areas

The site (marked by the red X) exists between an area of outstanding beauty and conservation areas. It also is in an area for scope for Increased Woodland cover.

The site was originally paved over so by removing this tarmac and allowing the ground to revert back to its original state and the foundations of the building to be kept light the ground is actually improved through the scheme. Also, the opportunity for increased native wildlife in the area can be accommodated within the scheme.

Relevant Policies and Strategies cover:

Sustainable communitiesRegenerate the local economyRegenerate the local environmentLandscape Character

The scheme exists within the local planning policies by addressing the concerns about the landscape and the sustainability of the scheme. In the choice of passive systems, and material choices of the project. Addressing the energy use and the environmental systems that have been chosen. Also in the protecting the natural habitat of the native animals and plants on the site. *

* See also Section 04 DeliveryImages from www.lancashire.gov.uk accessed 4th March 2012


01.80 Acoustic qualities

The site is relatively quiet with no problems of sound pollution or traffic due to the site. However, with the site becoming residency for a small community with lots of interaction between them there is a concern that there needs to be acoustic control between rooms especially between residents private rooms and communal rooms. It will be up to the residents to choose and add acoustic barriers to control the acoustic qualities of their spaces. The use cork, sheep wool and rammed earth are choices in which can be added by the community and readily as needed. *

1.90 Health and Safety in construction

The build will be over 300 man hours for the timber construction so appropriate CDM regulations will apply. A CDM coordinator is required.

There is also a need for safety in the third stage of construction for when the community adds to the building. There will be a need for some members of the community to learn the techniques correctly and to carry out the construction safely. **

* See also Section 03 Performance** See also Section 04 Delivery

design realisation report 2011-2012 part 1, clarissa yee

Documents

site analysis

solar heating strategy

energy strategy

cooling strategy

building construction

a3 original

services strategy

program analysis