DESIGN PRACTICE

PIPING SUPPORT SYSTEMS

Sheet 2 (18)

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CONTENTS

1. GENERAL 4

1.1. Scope and field of application 4

2. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 5

3. DEFINITIONS 6

3.1. Stress supports 6

3.2. Non-stress supports 6

3.3. Standard and special supports 6

3.4. Large size supports 6

4. CRITERIA FOR THE DESIGN OF SUPPORT SYSTEMS 7

4.1. General criteria 7

4.2. Stress supports design 8

4.3. Non-stress supports design 9

4.4. Positioning the supports 12

4.5. Support shoes and saddles for horizontal pipes 13

4.6. Support saddles for vertical pipes 13

4.7. Supports for Cupro-Nickel piping 14

4.8. Supports for fiberglass piping 14

4.9. Supports for cryogenic piping 14

4.10. Control valve assemblies and by-passes 16

4.11. Supports on steel and reinforced concrete structures 16

4.12. Stubs for attachment of supports on elbows 16

4.13. Attachments for piping supports on pressure vessels 16

4.14. Posts and portals 17

4.15. Foundations supports at grade 18

5. PIPING SUPPORT NUMBERING & CODING 19

5.1. General notes 19

5.2. Supports list 19

5.3. Special supports 19

5.4. Support indication 20

5.5. Foundations indication 20

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5.6. References 20

APPENDIX A 1

Maximum permissible spans for non-metallic piping 1

APPENDIX B 1

Guide locations 1

APPENDIX C 1

Support requirements for piping at exchangers 1

APPENDIX D 1

Identification of supports on model 1

APPENDIX E 1

Identification of supports on piping arrangement drawings 1

APPENDIX F 1

Identification of supports on isometric drawings 1

APPENDIX G 1

Maximum permissible spans for Cupro-Nickel piping 1

APPENDIX H 1

Maximum permissible spans for steel piping 1

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1. GENERAL

1.1. Scope and field of application

The purpose of this design practice is to define the general criteria for the design of pipingsupports, identify reference documents and outline the general rules for the numbering and codingof pipe supports.This practice applies to piping in petroleum refineries, petrochemical plants, power stations, marineterminals and off-shore platforms.

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2. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

ASME B 31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping

ASME B 31.1 Power Piping (when expressly requested)

BSI BS.5500 Unfired Fusion Welded Pressure Vessels

STD.TP.SUP.5920/21 Supports standardisation

STD.TP.SUP.5923 PTFE slide plates for supports requiring a low coefficient of friction

STD.TB.SUP.5069 Vertical & horizontal extensions for pipe support connections

SPC.TP.SUP.0601 General specification for prefabrication of steel supports for piping

SPC.TB.SUP.0602 General specification for spring supports

PRG.TP.SLP.1006 Guide to sleepers layout plot plan preparation and dimensioningcriteria

IST.IP.MAP.0561 Instructions for local piping applications

Note: the latest edition shall be adopted for all the above specifications and standards

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3. DEFINITIONS

3.1. Stress supports

Stress supports are those whose function and positioning are chosen on the basis of the flexibilityrequirements of the piping.Spring supports, stops, anchors, supports on PTFE and saddles for large-diameter piping are to beconsidered as stress supports.

3.2. Non-stress supports

Non-stress supports are those that are positioned and chosen not on the basis of the flexibilityrequirements, but with the purpose of maintaining the stresses due to the piping’s own weight andany external loads, within the limit sets in the reference standards.Supports or hangers to limit the sag of the piping, guides to keep the piping in its pipe-way,auxiliary supports for maintenance are considered as non-stress supports.

3.3. Standard and special supports

3.3.1. All supports that can be coded in accordance with STD.TP.SUP.5920 are defined as standardsupports.

3.3.2. All supports that cannot be coded in accordance with STD.TP.SUP.5920 either wholly or partially,are defined as special supports.

3.4. Large size supports

Can consist of structures, posts, frames and structure extensions.Can be constructed:

a) as standard parts in accordance with STD.TP.SUP.5920/21;b) as special supports.

When these supports largely consist of other structures or are structures which require more thantwo foundations or are used repeatedly (e.g. posts for blow down headers in the offsites), it isestablished for each individual project, whether they are to be considered as steel structures ratherthan piping supports.

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4. CRITERIA FOR THE DESIGN OF SUPPORT SYSTEMS

4.1. General criteria

4.1.1. Aim

The detailed design consists of the selection and positioning of simple of compound supports,normally the standard type, with the aim of:

a) creating a system of constraints for each piping system in accordance with the stressrequirements;

b) keeping the stresses due to own weight and external loads within the reference standardslimits;

c) avoiding excessive distance between the supports that cause excessive stress in the piping orcreating pockets which, in some cases, could be hazardous because of localised corrosion orcondensate flash that could lead to phenomena such as water hammer;

d) avoid piping subject to vibration being in resonance with the excitant;

e) distribute the loads due to the weight of the piping so as to avoid putting excessive local stresson the structures.

4.1.2. Design loads

The loads to be carried by the supports are calculated taking into account all the applicablecomponents listed below:

4.1.2.1. Fluid mass calculated on the basis of the following densities:

a) gas/steam/air : 0b) water : 1.0c) other liquids : density of the liquid.

4.1.2.2. Concentrated loads due to the opening of safety valves.

4.1.2.3. Insulation mass calculated according to the density of each type of insulation.

4.1.2.4. All calculated loads due to thermal expansions.

4.1.2.5. Overloads due to any water hammer phenomena.

4.1.2.6. Overloads due to earthquake, assuming a corrective factor in the piping’s own mass.

4.1.2.7. Wind force.

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4.1.2.8. Overall mass of piping in hydraulic test conditions, i.e. full of water.In this case, however, the loads due to wind and earthquake should not be considered.The load due to the hydraulic test is not applied to the supports for lines subject to pneumatic test.

4.2. Stress supports design

The detailed design of the stress supports must be developed giving full consideration to the stressrequirements.These requirements are expressed either on the layout studies or on the plastic and computerisedmodels by means of relevant symbols (see appendix D).

4.2.1. Spring supports

For spring supports, both variable load and constant load type, the design specifications must beentered in forms DAT.TP.SUP.0654 or 0655 respectively, filling in all parts of the forms.When short delivery times are demanded, these forms must be completed in two successivestages. In the first, which allows the issue of the purchase order, only the information needed toidentify the type of and quantity of springs are specified and, in a second stage, all the dimensionsfor the construction of all the accessories (bolts, tie rods, forks, pins, etc.) are added.

4.2.1.1. The characteristics of each spring supports, such as operating load and the operating range mustcomply with the stress calculations.

4.2.1.2. Variable load supports, are selected on the basis of the permissible load variation.The load variation, expressed as a percentage, is given by the following formula:

V=−

×Cm Ce

Ce100

where: Cm = Erection load Ce = Operating load

4.2.1.3. For load variations of max. ± 15% variable load type supports are used.For load variations greater than ± 15% constant load type supports are used.

4.2.1.4. Constant load type supports must be chosen with a total range that is 20÷30% greater then thestress analysis requirement and, in any case, the difference between total range and theoreticalrange must never be less than 20 mm.

4.2.2. PTFE slide plates for piping

In all cases in which supports with a low coefficient of friction (0.1) have been required by thestress analysis, PTFE slide plates must be used.These plates must be in accordance with standard STD.TP.SUP.5923.Supports requiring PTFE plates are marked in the model with the “special support” symbol (seeappendix D).

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4.2.3. PTFE slide plates for exchangers and horizontal vessels

If, for piping stress analysis reasons, the equipment needs to slide on low fiction support plates, adetailed drawing must be drafted quickly for the correct erection of the equipment and, ifnecessary, for the modification of the saddle of the equipment itself.

4.2.4. Hydraulic shock absorbers

When the stress analysis require the use of hydraulic shock absorbers, the necessary details fordeciding on the type of shock absorber must be provided, these being:

a) erection length;b) actual range required to allow the free thermal expansion;c) the dynamic load that has to be contained;d) the frequency range in which the shock absorber has to work effectively.

4.2.5. Anchor sleepers

When fixed points are required for piping on sleepers, anchor sleepers shall be provided and sizedin accordance with design practice PRG.TP.SLP.1006.

4.3. Non-stress supports design

Although supports for all lines have to be designed taking account of thermal expansion andexternal movements, guidelines for typical cases and the most frequently occurring situations aregiven below.Also, the requirements of “Notes on the selection of standard supports” (STD.TP.SUP.5920) mustbe adhered to.A non-stress-support system must be designed in accordance with the requirements of theindividual project.

4.3.1. Horizontal piping on pipe-racks or pipe-ways

The support design must include:

a) guides on straight runs, positioned as per appendix B;b) maximum distance between supports as per appendix A, G, H;c) intermediate support, attached to adjacent piping, for single pipes with a permissible span that

is less than the distance between two consecutive supports.The adjacent pipe chosen as a supporting pipe must be of a diameter at least three sizesgreater than that of a supported pipe, and never less than 4”.

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EXAMPLES:

SUPPORTED PIPE DN 1/2” 2” 3”SUPPORTING PIPE DN 4” 6” 8”

Exceptions will be allowed only after a stress and deflection check of the supporting pipe;d) reinforcing plates of saddles for non-insulated pipes at the support points for loads greater than

those given in the general notes in standard STD.TP.SUP.5920 table 1.1.1.8.a “Allowable loadsfor non-reinforced pipes on 20 mm diameter rods”.

4.3.2. Piping on columns or vertical vessels

The stress requirements for supports and guides must be incorporated as follows:

a) The first support must be as close as possible to the nozzle. If there is a horizontal spoolimmediately adjacent to the nozzle, the support is to be positioned close to the top of thevertical run;

b) the guides along the vertical run are spaced as indicated in table 4.3.2.a;c) ease of erection is also taken into account when planning the positioning and spacing of the

guides, wherever possible grouping the guides for a number of pipes at a common elevation (thesame applies to columns with reinforcing rings, with the guides being positioned on the rings toavoid the necessity of welding on the shell);

d) for large diameter piping (= 16”), there are no set standard distances between the guides, asthe support system is generally based on stress requirements.

Diameter 2” 3” ÷ 4” 6” ÷ 8” 10” ÷ 14”Distance betweenguides (meters) 3 ÷ 4 4 ÷ 6 6 ÷ 8 8 ÷ 10

Table 4.3.2.a

4.3.3. Piping connected to centrifugal pumps, turbines, axial or centrifugal compressors

The main requirement for support for these lines is to protect the machines from excessive loadsdue to thermal expansion and piping mass. Support design therefore, must reflect the stressrequirements. The following general requirements must also be met:

a) it must be possible to adjust the support system in the setting up operations. The first supportbefore each nozzle must be of adjustable type, with a low friction slide plate (PTFE);

b) the supports must not create difficulties in access to the machines or in valves operation;

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c) the ground supports and foundation plinths must not interfere with the floor drains, withunderground cables or piping (if the loads are significant) or with the equipment foundations. Ifinterference does occur each individual case must be resolved with the Civil Engineer;

d) The supports must be positioned in such a way to allow the dismantling of the piping formaintenance or removal, and to allow the installation and dismantling of temporary strainerswithout having to install extra supports.

4.3.4. Piping connected to reciprocating pumps and compressors

As well as providing support, the support must also limit the stresses on the piping to acceptablelevels; not only stresses derived from vibrations transmitted by the machine, but also those derivedfrom the mechanical vibrations induced by the pressure pulses.Thus, the supporting structures need to be designed for both static and dynamic loads.The support design must be such that it’s natural frequency is at least 1.5 times that of the highestexcitant harmonic, having an internal fluid pressure pulse amplitude of not greater than 1% peak topeak and never less than 2.5 times the natural frequency of the machine.Although the study of these supports must always be verified with a calculation of the naturalfrequencies, individual supports must be:

a) as independent as possible and with individual foundations, to avoid the transmission ofvibrations to other components in the plant;

b) study and rigid and with foundations of adequate mass (in relation to the loads to which theyare subjected);

c) constructed in such a way as to ensure that their components parts are subject to tension andcompression stresses only, and not to bending stresses;

d) the guides must be designed with zero clearance. This can be achieved with the use ofadjustable devices and/or with the insertion of ductile material such as ARMCO iron betweenthe support and the pipe, in order to allow the necessary movements of the piping due toexpansion, and to reduce vibration.

4.3.5. Piping connected to heaters

As well as complying with stress requirements, the following general requirements must beconsidered:

a) supports adjacent to the nozzles, if an anchor has not been provided by the manufacturer, mustnot restrict the expansion of the coil, as predicted in the stress calculations;

b) the supports must minimise the piping mass loads on the nozzle in all cases, unless otherwiseagreed with the Heater Engineer;

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c) where spectacle blinds or isolating joints are inserted, both the upstream and downstreampiping spool must be permanently supported;

d) the support must not obstruct walkways and service platforms.

4.3.6. Piping connected to air-coolers

The support design must meet the following requirements:

a) it must conform with the stress requirements in order to avoid loads greater that the permissiblelevels of each nozzle;

b) it must permit the dismantling of each element of the air-cooler without having to disassembleparts of the supports or to put up temporary supports;

c) when one or more supports uprights need to be placed between the various bundles of the air-cooler, the cooler manufacturer must be notified so that the necessary spaces can be left.

4.3.7. Piping connected to exchangers

The typical sketches given in appendix C show how the first support must be positioned withrespect to the nozzle, if the piping is not self-supporting and does not require stress supports.The support must not prevent the disconnection of the line and/or the replacement of the gasket onthe flanged joint.

4.4. Positioning the supports

4.4.1. Ground supports

Supports must be positioned so that they do not restrict access to equipment and do not obstructroutine maintenance and plant access. The following must be avoided:

a) the use of posts in the area covered by the pipe-rack;

b) the use of supports which require foundations in the vicinity of underground piping or electriccables;

c) the use of supports standing on the coverings to trenches except for in exceptionalcircumstances or for limited loads and without blocking access to the interior of the trench.

4.4.2. Supports on walkways

Any support on walkways must not restrict the normal passage on the walkways and must allow aminimum overhead height of 2200 mm.

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4.5. Support shoes and saddles for horizontal pipes

4.5.1. Minimum required length

Normally, the support shoes or saddles are mounted in the centre of the support.The length must be at least twice the axial movement of the piping plus 100 mm, and not less than300 mm.

4.5.2. Non-aligned mounting of shoes and saddles

If, with reference to the previous paragraph, the length of the shoe or saddle is greater than 500mm, the shoe or saddle can be mounted out of alignment with the support axis.This is necessary when the axial movement of the piping is greater than 200 mm.

4.5.3. Shoes not welded to the piping

For metallic piping of diameter up to 24” in material other than carbon steel, shoes fastened withclamps can be used in order to minimise erection costs by avoiding welding. The use of this typeof shoe, however must be specified for each project.

4.5.4. Saddle sizing

4.5.4.1. For all piping of diameter greater than 40”, either insulated or not, saddles shall be used that arecapable of bearing the mass acting on the support. For these saddles, the local stresses, both inthe pipe shell and saddle itself, must be checked. The BSI BS.5500 method or equivalent can beused for the calculations.The check must be carried out in what are assumed to be the most severe conditions (hydraulictest, if requested, and/or operating conditions with the expected corroded thickness of the pipe).

4.5.4.2. For all insulated piping, of diameter from 20” to 40” inclusive, saddles capable of bearing the loadacting on the support are to be used in all cases where the load exceeds the limits inSTD.TP.SUP.5920.The checking method is the same as in the previous point.

4.5.5. Reinforcing plates and saddles for bare piping

For bare piping, reinforcing plates and saddles must be used in all cases listed inSTD.TP.SUP.5920. The lengths of the plates and saddles must conform to paragraphs 4.5.1. and4.5.2. above.

4.6. Support saddles for vertical pipes

For vertical pipes of diameter 30” or more, both insulated or not, saddles and reinforcementscapable of bearing the load acting on the saddle are to be used.For the sizing and checking of the saddles, refer to point 4.5.4.1. above.

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4.7. Supports for Cupro-Nickel piping

4.7.1. Galvanic protection

In order to avoid galvanic corrosion, cupro-nickel piping must have bolted supports, with a layer ofneoprene or similar material between support clamp and pipe, to prevent direct contact.

4.8. Supports for fiberglass piping

4.8.1. Protection against local damages

The supports used for this piping are normally the bolted type, with a layer of neoprene or similarmaterial between support clamp and pipe, in order to avoid any damage that may be caused to thepipe by tightening the clamp.

4.8.2. Maximum distance between horizontal supports is specified in appendix A.

4.8.3. Supports (usually the type that bolts on to the flange) must be fitted in the vicinity of all valves, sothat the mass of the valves is not carried by the piping. If a valve is situated in a horizontal piping,there must be a support at each flange. The support must always be bolted on to the metal flangedand never on to the fiberglass flange.

4.9. Supports for cryogenic piping

4.9.1. General characteristics

Cryogenic piping supports normally consists of a steel load-bearing component and a woodencomponent for insulation, in order to avoid the collection of condensate, or worse, the formation ofice, around each support, which would restrict the free movement of the piping. Also, under certainthermal conditions, direct contact between the pipe and the structure could produce localbrittleness of the structure itself.

4.9.2. Wooden components

4.9.2.1. For wooden components which can either be segments or blocks, the relevant specification mustbe issued indicating the type of segment or block, quantities and dimensions.

4.9.2.2. The minimum thickness of the wooden components depends on the temperature of the pipe andthe environmental conditions. Table 4.9.2.2.a gives the thicknesses normally used.

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MINIMUM THICKNESS

PIPE or EQUIPMENTTEMPERATURE

WOOD IN DIRECTCONTACT WITH PIPE

(SEGMENTS)

WOOD NOT IN DIRECTCONTACT WITH PIPE or

EQUIPMENT (BLOCKS)

0 ÷ -30 °C 25 mm 50 mm-31 ÷ -50 °C 50 mm 50 mm-51 ÷ -105 °C 90 mm 70 mm

-106 ÷ -195 °C 140 mm 90 mm

Table 4.9.2.2.a

4.9.3. Materials for steel components

The materials for the supports in direct contact with the pipe or equipment shell are selected withreference to table 4.9.3.a.

PIPE or EQUIPMENTMATERIAL

UTILISATION RANGEOF SUPPORT

SUPPORT IN DIRECT CONTACT WITH PIPE orEQUIPMENT SHELL

WELDED NON-WELDEDCarbon Steel Down to -29 °C Carbon Steel Carbon Steel

Carbon Steel -30 ÷ -45 °CCarbon Steel

Impact test 0,4 N/mm2 min., Charpy “U”Test sample 10 x 10

Stainless Steel 18/8 Down to -29 °C Stainless Steel 18/8 Carbon Steel

Stainless Steel 18/8 -30 ÷ -45 °C Stainless Steel 18/8Carbon Steel

Impact test 0,4 N/mm2

min., Charpy “U”Test sample 10 x 10

Stainless Steel 18/8 -46 ÷ -195 °C Stainless Steel 18/8

Table 4.9.3.a

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4.10. Control valve assemblies and by-passes

Control valve assemblies and line by-passes located at grade, adjacent to rack columns or otherstructures, are supported from grade to avoid additional structural loads. Assemblies weightingless than 2500 N may be supported from the structure.The use of ground-mounted spring supports must be absolutely minimised. The option of relocatingthe assembly shall be considered.

4.11. Supports on steel and reinforced concrete structures

4.11.1. Loads acting on the structures

All the loads transmitted from the piping to the structures must be specified in sufficient time to beincluded in the structure design.The following loads are to be considered:

a) loads due to the mass of the piping system;b) loads indicated by the stress analysis (stops, guides, wind supports, etc.);c) loads due to the impact of the opening of safety valves installed on the piping and discharges

into the atmosphere.

4.11.2. Plates to be set into reinforced concrete structures

All supports attached to reinforced concrete structures must have hooked attachment plates setinto the structure.The location, sizing and loads on each plate must be specified in sufficient time to be included inthe structure design. If, after the construction of the structure, addition to or relocation of supportsbecome necessary, these can be attached to the pillars either with clamps or expansion bolts. Theuse of these alternative methods, however, should be kept to a minimum.

4.12. Stubs for attachment of supports on elbows

The stubs, to be welded on to the elbows in the piping, must be marked on the isometrics inaccordance with STD.TB.SUP.5069.

4.13. Attachments for piping supports on pressure vessels

4.13.1. Issue of specifications

For attachments and reinforcing plates for supports to be welded to vertical or horizontal vessels,specifications listing the various types of attachment and reinforcing plates must be issued.In these specifications, each item of equipment must have its own separate list.Priority must be given to all vessels that are subject to postweld heat treatment by themanufacturer, as no further welding can be carried out after this process.

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4.13.2. Selection of plate or attachment

The selection is made on the basis of the type of support to be used for the piping and on the loadacting on the support itself. This load must be within the maximum value, calculated as per 4.13.3.below.

4.13.3. Calculation of maximum load

To calculate the vertical load allowable on the bracket or plate, multiply the rated load given in the

table for each type in the specification by t R1 5., in which t and R, expressed in mm, are the

corroded thickness and the mean radius of the vessel respectively.The rated loads given in the table are valid for temperatures of up to 150°C; for higher temperatures,multiply the loads data in the table by the relation Sh S150 , where Sh is the permissible stress atthe design temperature and S150 is the permissible stress at 150°C.

Example:

− Radius of vessel R = 2000 mm− Corroded thickness of vessel t = 20 mm− Rated load in table, for type “1-DN-10” 18 kN− Temperature 316°C− Vessel shell material ASTM A 516 Gr.60− Permissible stress at 150°C S150 = 132.9 MPa− Permissible stress at 316°C S316 = 111.1 MPa

− Max. permissible load = 18 20

20001111132 9

30 091 5×

× =, .

.. kN

The bracket or plate must be checked for all conditions, including the hydrostatic test case, whererequired.

4.14. Posts and portals

4.14.1. Checking and sizing

Posts and portals are selected from the types in STD.TP.SUP.5920 on the basis of thedimensioning and loading.For non-standard items a full design check is required.

4.14.2. Foundations

When a foundation is required, the loads must be indicated in the supports list.

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4.15. Foundations supports at grade

The loads required for sizing foundations must be indicated in the supports list for the cases listedbelow:

a) supports in non-paved areas;b) anchor supports in paved areas;c) all other supports in paved areas with load greater than allowed in STD.TP.SUP.5920.

When calculating loads on pipe support foundations, the mass of the support itself must be addedto the support load. When the support is large, its self mass can be the major part of thefoundation load.

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5. PIPING SUPPORT NUMBERING & CODING

5.1. General notes

5.1.1. The data for each support together with the number required is prepared and inputed in thecomputer in accordance with IST.IP.MAP.0561.The data lists must be stored in separated folders organised by area, together with the specialsupport sketches.

5.1.2. The data is checked and verified against the general information and special support file, as perIST.IP.MAP.0561 before each processing operation with the SUPI program.

.5.1.3. The standard components of the supports, the quantities to be inputed and the type of material are

specified in STD.TP.SUP.5920. Those related to the special supports are specified in the materiallist on each sketch.

5.1.4. See STD.TP.SUP.5920 for notes on the selection of piping supports.

5.2. Supports list

5.2.1. Each position in the supports list generally corresponds to a standard support or to a specialsupport.

5.2.2. Where a single complex support is made up of a number of standard supports, these must belisted in sequence in the supports list with the same number, allocating each a different letter.

5.2.3. For piping on pipe-racks or pipe-ways, all the supports on the same frame or sleeper must belisted in the supports list with the same number, allocating each a different letter.Exceptionally in case when the alphabet will not be sufficient, it is allow to give a further positionnumber.E.g.: to list 30 supports on the same frame or sleeper, the support list will read:

Pos. 10A, 10B, 10C......... 10Z, 6A, 6B........

5.2.4. The supports for each area are numbered independently of the other areas. The support numberingin each area starts with “1”.

5.2.5. A support list must be drawn up for every area. The Unit number to be given in the supports list isthe same of the numbering system adopted for the arrangement drawing to which the supportsrefer. When indicating supports on isometric drawings, the Unit number to be given in the supportslist is the same indicated in the line coding and thus of the isometric.

5.3. Special supports

5.3.1. If a special support includes one or more standard supports, the same position number must begiven in the supports list for both the special support and the standard ones, allocating differentletter indexes.(E.g.: position 10A for the special supports, positions 10B, 10C, 10D, etc. for the standardsupports included in the special support).

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On the special support sketch, the standard supports must be marked with the position numberand the standard support code (e.g.: 10B/ST-01).

5.3.2. The sketch of every support must bear the number of the area in which it is to be installed followedby the position of the support in the supports list.

5.3.3. The type and quantity of material required for the fabrication of one piece shall be specified on eachspecial support sketch. The total number of required pieces shall only be specified in the supportslist.

5.3.4. For each Unit all special support sketches of the same format size are identified by a singledrawing number (i.e.: a number will be allocated for all sketches on A4 size, another for A3 size,etc.). Blocks of sheet numbers are allocated sequentially to each area, from 1 upwards, the blockof lowest sheet numbers being allocated to the lowest area number. Within each area sheetnumbers are allocated sequentially to position numbers, the lowest sheet numbers referring to thelowest position number.

5.4. Support indication

5.4.1. For each project, it is established whether the supports are to be indicated on the arrangementdrawings, the isometric drawings or both.

5.4.2. Supports are indicated on arrangement drawings in according with appendix E.The supports are identified by an index number (from 1 upwards) entered in an ellipsecorresponding to the position number.

5.4.3. Supports are indicated on isometric drawings in accordance with appendix F.The supports are identified by a double index number entered in a rectangle that specified area andpositions numbers.

5.5. Foundations indication

5.5.1. The location of all support foundations must be marked on the underground systems plot plans(onsite areas) or on sleepers plot plan (offsite areas) complete with the position number.

5.6. References

Where supports are indicated on the arrangement drawings, these drawings must carry thefollowing information:

a) drawing number of support list for site;b) notes for hot insulated piping shoes positions:

1. For shoes on hot insulated piping dia. less than 2”, see pos. ... on the area supports list,unless otherwise indicated.

2. For shoes on hot insulated piping dia. from 2” to 8”, see pos. ... on the area supports list,unless otherwise indicated.

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Revision MemoJanuary 1994 IssueJanuary 1995 Rev. 1

Title of section 5, sheets 2 - 19, modifiedChapter 1.1. modifiedReference codes and standards, section 2, added“ANSI” replaced by “ASME” - Reference codes and standards - section 2Paragraph 4.2.5. addedPoints b) and d), paragraph 4.3.1., modifiedPoints 4.5.4.1. and 4.5.4.2. modifiedTemperature range modified in Table 4.9.2.2.aTable 4.9.3.a modified title “Support in direct contact with pipe or shell”Units of measurement changed from Kg to N - Chapter 4.10.Units of measurement changed from cm to mm and relevant formula in paragraph 4.13.3. -exampleChapter 4.15. modifiedCode IST.TB.MAP.0561 changed to IST.IP.MAP.0561 in paragraphs 5.1.1. and 5.1.2.Point b), Chapter 5.6., modified“Mathematic” replaced by “computerised” - appendix DTable in appendix G modified“ANSI” replaced by “ASME” in appendix HPoint e), note 1, modified in appendix HFormula for sag calculation modified in appendix H

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APPENDIX A

Maximum permissible spans for non-metallic piping

Reinforced thermosetting resin piping

DN SPAN (mm)Tmax = 50 °C Tmax = 100 °C

1” 2000 18001½” 2500 22002” 3000 27003” 3500 31004” 3500 31006” 4000 36008” 4000 3600

10” 5000 450012” 5000 450014” 6000 5000

≥ 16” 6000 6000

NOTES: 1- The calculation of the spans listed in the table is based on the following assumptions:

a) pipe full of water;b) beam uniformly loaded and fixed at ends;c) permissible stress at 25% of critical stress.

2- The spans under Tmax = 50°C are also valid for temperatures down to - 30°C.

3- For thermoplastic resin piping, the spans vary according to the material used and are generally much shorter.

Sheet 1 (18)

1

APPENDIX B

Guide locations

L2

L

b

L1 L

L2

L

L2

L1L Lbb

L 1

L

LL 1

L L L 2

L2

L2 L

L

L 1L1

L L

L2

L2

L, L1. L2 VALUES (mm) PER GROUP OF DIAMETERSDN 2” 3” ÷ 4” 6” 8” ÷ 10” 12” ÷ 14” 16”L 5,000 10,000 12,000 15,000 18,000 20,000

L1 5,000 6,000 10,000 12,000 15,000 15,000L2 5,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 15,000

The values given in the table are indicative and do not account for special cases which may arise and whichare marked with the relevant symbol on the model.

Sheet 1 (18)

1

APPENDIX C

Support requirements for piping at exchangers

1

2

CASE “A”

1 - Height of attachment on pipe: underside of shell.(TS-04-00-04)

2 - Adjustable support if the piping is not sufficiently flexible to allow the replacement of thegasket (especially for ring-joint flanges).(TS-17-05-06 or TS-17-05-07)

12

CASE “B”

1 - Rigid support for piping sufficiently flexible to allow the replacement of the gasket.(TS 00-00-01)

2 - Adjustable support for stiff piping or with ring-joint flanges at the exchanger.(TS-00-04-06)

Sheet 1 (18)

1

APPENDIX D

Identification of supports on model

PLASTIC MODEL SYMBOLS

999

(3)

LINE STOP

TIE-ROD

ANCHOR

GUIDE

SOLID SUPPORT

(1) SPRING (e.g. n 999)

150

BRANCH REINFORCEMENT

(see sketch n. 150)

1900

12.73

(2) DO NOT SUPPORT

PLATE(eg. φ 1900 thickness 12.73)

SPECIAL SUPPORT

(GREY)

COMPUTERISED MODEL SYMBOLS

(WHITE)

(BLUE)

(GREEN)

(RED)

(YELLOW)

(MAGENTA)

(ORANGE)

(LIGHT BLUE)

NOTES: 1- When the spring is part of a special support, the symbol for the special support only must be shown on the model, as the number of the spring is indicated on the sketch corresponding to the number of the symbol.

2 - This symbol is shown on the piping arrangement drawings position number and only with themessage “do not support”.

3 - This symbol does not indicate a support, but a reinforcing plate which must be shown on the piping isometric drawings.

Sheet 1 (18)

1

APPENDIX E

Identification of supports on piping arrangement drawings

REST SUPPORT, HANGEROR SPECIAL SUPPORT

LINE STOP FOR HORIZONTALPIPING

GUIDE FOR HORIZONTALPIPING

ANCHOR FOR HORIZONTALPIPING

SUPPORT ON POST FORHORIZONTAL PIPING

SUPPORT ON FRAME FORHORIZONTAL PIPING

FULL GUIDE FOR VERTICALPIPING

(FROM VESSEL OR STRUCTURE)

UNIDIRECTIONAL GUIDE FORVERTCAL PIPING

(FROM VESSEL OR STRUCTURE)

(FROM VESSEL OR STRUCTURE)

UNIDIRECTIONAL GUIDE FORVERTICAL PIPING

REST SUPPORT OR HANGERFOR VERTICAL PIPING

SPRING SUPPORT (PEDESTALOR HANGER) FOR VERTICALPIPING

SPRING SUPPORT (PEDESTALOR HANGER) FOR HORIZONTALPIPING

Sheet 1 (18)

1

APPENDIX F

Identification of supports on isometric drawings

REST SUPPORTTIE-ROD HANGERSPECIAL SUPPORT

LINE STOP

GUIDE

ANCHOR

SPRING SUPPORT

TYPE

in accordancewith StandardSTD.TB.SUP.5069

DO NOT SUPPORT

STUB

Sheet 1 (18)

1

APPENDIX G

Maximum permissible spans for Cupro-Nickel piping

NOMINALDIAMETER

ACTUALDIAMETER

(mm)

THICKNESS

(mm)

MAXIMUMSPAN

(m)½” 16 1 1.753/4” 25 1.5 2

1” 30 1.5 2.251¼” 38 1.5 2.51½” 44.5 1.5 2.5

2” 57 1.5 2.75 3” 76 2 3

3½” 89 2.5 3.25 4” 108 2.5 3.75 6” 159 2.5 4.5 8” 219 3.5 5.25 10” 267 4 6 12” 324 5 6 14” 368 5.5 6 16” 419 6 6

The maximum distance given in the table for each diameter is based on the smaller of the distancescalculated on the basis of the maximum stress of 25 MPa and the maximum deflection of 6.35 mm,considering the pipe full of water.For piping of diameter ≥ 18”, spans must be individually calculated on the basis of actual thicknesses.

Sheet 1 (18)

1

APPENDIX H

Maximum permissible spans for steel piping

L

L

L1

L

L

Notes: 1) The spans given in the tables in this appendix have been established in accordance with ASME B 31.3, using the following criteria:

a) continuous beam, uniformly loaded;b) stress assumed as maximum permissible percentage of the permissible stress at the

design temperature as per ASME B 31.3 (Sh):

− for bare or insulated pipes containing water (or fluids of specific gravity = 1): 33% Sh;

− for bare pipes containing gas or steam: 30% Sh(to limit the span and reduce the wind effect);

− for insulated pipes containing gas or steam: 25% Sh(to further reduce wind effect, as insulated pipes have a greater external surface thanbare pipes);

c) max. deflection of beam: 8 mm per DN < 2”15 mm per DN = 2”

d) mass of pipe calculated on nominal thickness;e) calculation of moment of inertia and section modulus based on a thickness reduced by

12.5% of the nominal to account for manufacturing tolerance and corrosion;f) for each material and for each temperature range the modulus of elasticity for the max.

temperature considered has been adopted.

Sheet 2 (18)

2

APPENDIX H

2) For all sloping lines, the max. span must be such that the maximum deflection is less than the differencein level between two adjacent supports, so as to avoid pocketing.

3) To calculate the maximum span for other diameters, thicknesses, materials and temperatures, use thefollowing formulae:

LSh W

e q=

×× ×125

where: L - span (m)

Sh - permissible stress per ASME B 31.3 (N/mm2)

W - section modulus (mm3)

q - unit weight (N/m)

e - reduction coefficient:3 for pipes containing water or fluids of specific

gravity = 13.3 for bare pipes containing gas or steam4 for insulated pipes containing gas or steam

fq LE I

=×

× × ×

4

3185 10where: f - deflection (mm)

q - unit weight (N/m)

L - span (mm)

E - modulus of elasticity (N/mm2)

I - moment of inertia (mm4)

4) Any concentrated loads, such as valves or supports for adjacent piping, must be considered whenchecking spans.

5) To calculated the permissible span L1, multiply the value corresponding to L in the table by 0.8.

Sheet 3 (18)

3

APPENDIX H

BARE PIPESCONTAINING WATER OR FLUIDS OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY ≅ 1

N T 21°C < t ≤ 149°CO HM I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 3 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51” 3.38 4 4 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 5 5 5 5 5 52” 3.91 5.5 6 6 6 6 63” 3.96 6.5 7 7 7 7 74” 4.78 7 8 7.5 7.5 8 86” 5.56 8.5 9.5 9 9 9.5 9.58” 6.35 9 10.5 10 9.5 10.5 10.510” 6.35 9.5 11 10.5 10 11 1112” 6.35 10 11.5 10.5 10.5 11.5 11.514” 6.35 10 11.5 11 11 11.5 11.516” 6.35 10.5 12 11 11 12 1218” 6.35 10.5 12 11.5 11.5 12 1220” 6.35 11 12.5 11.5 11.5 12.5 12.522” 6.35 11 12.5 12 11.5 12.5 12.524” 6.35 11 12.5 12 11.5 12.5 12.5

Sheet 4 (18)

4

APPENDIX H

BARE PIPESCONTAINING WATER OR FLUIDS OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY ≅ 1

N T 149°C < t ≤ 232°CO HM I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 3 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51” 3.38 4 4 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 5 5 5 5 5 52” 3.91 5.5 6 6 6 6 63” 3.96 6.5 7 7 7 7 74” 4.78 7 8 7.5 7.5 8 86” 5.56 8.5 9.5 9 8.5 9 98” 6.35 9 10.5 9.5 9.5 10 1010” 6.35 9.5 11 10 10 10.5 10.512” 6.35 10 11 10.5 10.5 11 1114” 6.35 10 11.5 11 10.5 11 1116” 6.35 10.5 11.5 11 11 11.5 11.518” 6.35 10.5 12 11 11 11.5 11.520” 6.35 11 12 11.5 11.5 11.5 1222” 6.35 11 12 11.5 11.5 12 1224” 6.35 11 12.5 11.5 11.5 12 12

Sheet 5 (18)

5

APPENDIX H

BARE PIPESCONTAINING WATER OR FLUIDS OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY ≅ 1

N T 232°C < t ≤ 316°CO HM I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. H. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 3 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51” 3.38 4 4 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 5 5 5 5 5 52” 3.91 5.5 6 6 6 6 63” 3.96 6.5 7 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.54” 4.78 7 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.56” 5.56 8 9 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.58” 6.35 9 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.510” 6.35 9.5 10 10 10 10 1012” 6.35 10 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.514” 6.35 10 11 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.516” 6.35 10 11 11 11 10.5 1118” 6.35 10.5 11 11 11 11 1120” 6.35 10.5 11.5 11 11 11 11.522” 6.35 10.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.524” 6.35 11 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5

Sheet 6 (18)

6

APPENDIX H

BARE PIPESCONTAINING WATER OR FLUIDS OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY ≅ 1

N T 316°C < t ≤ 427°CO HM I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 2.5 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 3 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51” 3.38 3.5 3.5 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4 4.52” 3.91 4.5 4.5 5.5 5 5.5 5.53” 3.96 5 5.5 6.5 6 6.5 6.54” 4.78 5.5 6 7 6.5 7 7.56” 5.56 6.5 7 8 7.5 8 8.58” 6.35 7 7.5 9 8.5 9 9.510” 6.35 7.5 8 9.5 9 9.5 1012” 6.35 8 8.5 10 9 10 1014” 6.35 8 8.5 10 9.5 10 10.516” 6.35 8 8.5 10.5 9.5 10.5 10.518” 6.35 8 9 10.5 9.5 10.5 1120” 6.35 8.5 9 10.5 10 10.5 1122” 6.35 8.5 9 11 10 11 1124” 6.35 8.5 9 11 10 11 11

Sheet 7 (18)

7

APPENDIX H

BARE PIPESCONTAINING GAS OR STEAM

N T 21°C < t ≤ 149°CO HM I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 3 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51” 3.38 4 4 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 5 5 5 5 5 52” 3.91 6.5 7 7 6.5 6.5 6.53” 3.96 8 8.5 8.5 8 8.5 8.54” 4.78 9 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.56” 5.56 11 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.58” 6.35 12.5 13.5 13.5 13 13 1310” 6.35 14 15 15 14.5 15 1512” 6.35 15.5 16.5 16.5 16 16.5 16.514” 6.35 16 17.5 17 16.5 17 1716” 6.35 17 18.5 18.5 18 18.5 18.518” 6.35 18.5 19.5 19.5 19 19.5 19.520” 6.35 19.5 21 20.5 20 20.5 20.522” 6.35 20.5 21.5 21.5 21 21.5 21.524” 6.35 21 22.5 22.5 22 22.5 22.5

Sheet 8 (18)

8

APPENDIX H

BARE PIPESCONTAINING GAS OR STEAM

N T 149°C < t ≤ 232°CO HM I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 3 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51” 3.38 4 4 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 5 5 5 5 5 52” 3.91 6.5 7 6.5 6.5 6.5 73” 3.96 8 8.5 8 8 8.5 8.54” 4.78 9 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.56” 5.56 11 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 128” 6.35 12.5 13.5 13 13 13.5 13.510” 6.35 14 15 14.5 14.5 15 1512” 6.35 15.5 16.5 16 16 16.5 16.514” 6.35 16 17 17 16.5 17 1716” 6.35 17 18.5 18 18 18.5 18.518” 6.35 18.5 19.5 19 19 19.5 19.520” 6.35 19.5 20.5 20 20 20.5 20.522” 6.35 20.5 21.5 21 21 21.5 21.524” 6.35 21 22.5 22 22 22.5 22.5

Sheet 9 (18)

9

APPENDIX H

BARE PIPESCONTAINING GAS OR STEAM

N T 232°C < t ≤ 316°CO HM I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 3 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51” 3.38 4 4 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 5 5 5 5 5 52” 3.91 6 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.53” 3.96 7.5 8 8 8 8 84” 4.78 8.5 9.5 9 9 9 96” 5.56 10.5 11.5 11 11 11 11.58” 6.35 12 13 13 13 12.5 1310” 6.35 13.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14 14.512” 6.35 15 16 15.5 15.5 15.5 1614” 6.35 15.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.516” 6.35 16.5 18 17 17.5 17.5 1818” 6.35 17.5 19 18.5 19 18.5 1920” 6.35 18.5 20 20 20 19.5 2022” 6.35 19.5 21 20.5 21 20.5 2124” 6.35 20.5 22 21.5 22 21.5 22

Sheet 10 (18)

10

APPENDIX H

BARE PIPESCONTAINING GAS OR STEAM

N T 316°C < t ≤ 427°CO HM I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 2.5 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51” 3.38 3.5 4 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 4.5 4.5 5 5 5 52” 3.91 5 5 6 5.5 6 6.53” 3.96 6 6.5 7.5 7 7.5 84” 4.78 7 7.5 8.5 8 8.5 96” 5.56 8.5 9 10.5 10 10.5 118” 6.35 9.5 10,5 12 11 12 12.510” 6.35 10.5 11,5 13.5 12.5 13.5 1412” 6.35 11.5 12,5 15 13.5 15 15.514” 6.35 12.5 13 15.5 14.5 15.5 1616” 6.35 13 14 16.5 15.5 17 1718” 6.35 14 15 17.5 16.5 18 18.520” 6.35 15 16 18.5 17.5 19 19.522” 6.35 15.5 16.5 19.5 18 20 2024” 6.35 16 17.5 20.5 19 20.5 21

Sheet 11 (18)

11

APPENDIX H

INSULATED PIPES CONTAINING WATER OR FLUIDS OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY ≅ 1INSULATION DENSITY = 100 Kg/m3

N T I T 21°C < t ≤ 149°CO HM I

N HS I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K.

U C L. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) (mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 25 3 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 25 3 3.5 3.5 3 3.5 3.51” 3.38 25 3.5 4 3.5 3.5 4 4

1½” 3.68 25 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.52” 3.91 25 4.5 5 5 5 5.5 5.53” 3.96 30 5.5 6 5.5 5.5 6 64” 4.78 30 6 7 6.5 6.5 7 76” 5.56 40 7 8 7.5 7.5 8 88” 6.35 40 8 9 8.5 8 9 9

10” 6.35 40 8.5 9.5 9 8.5 9.5 9.512” 6.35 40 8.5 9.5 9 9 9.5 9.514” 6.35 50 9 10 9.5 9 10 1016” 6.35 50 9 10 9.5 9.5 10 1018” 6.35 50 9 10.5 9.5 9.5 10.5 10.520” 6.35 50 9.5 10.5 10 9.5 10.5 10.522” 6.35 50 9.5 10.5 10 10 10.5 10.524” 6.35 50 9.5 10.5 10 10 10.5 10.5

Sheet 12 (18)

12

APPENDIX H

INSULATED PIPES CONTAINING WATER OR FLUIDS OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY ≅ 1INSULATION DENSITY = 100 Kg/m3

N T I T 149°C < t ≤ 232°CO HM I

N HS I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K.

U C L. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) (mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 25 2.5 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 25 3 3.5 3 3 3.5 3.51” 3.38 25 3.5 4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

1½” 3.68 30 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.52” 3.91 40 4.5 5 4.5 4.5 5 53” 3.96 40 5.5 6 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.54” 4.78 50 6 6.5 6 6 6.5 6.56” 5.56 50 7 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.58” 6.35 60 7.5 8.5 8 8 8 8.5

10” 6.35 60 8 9 8.5 8.5 8.5 912” 6.35 60 8.5 9.5 9 9 9 914” 6.35 60 8.5 9.5 9 9 9.5 9.516” 6.35 60 9 10 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.518” 6.35 70 9 10 9.5 9.5 9.5 1020” 6.35 70 9.5 10 9.5 9.5 10 1022” 6.35 70 9.5 10.5 10 10 10 1024” 6.35 70 9.5 10.5 10 10 10 10.5

Sheet 13 (18)

13

APPENDIX H

INSULATED PIPES CONTAINING WATER OR FLUIDS OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY ≅ 1INSULATION DENSITY = 100 Kg/m3

N T I T 232°C < t ≤ 316°CO HM I

N HS I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K.

U C L. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) (mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 30 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5¾” 2.87 30 3 3 3 3 3 31” 3.38 30 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

1½” 3.68 40 4 4 4 4 4 42” 3.91 50 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.53” 3.96 50 5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.54” 4.78 60 5.5 6 6 6 6 66” 5.56 60 6.5 7 7 7 7 78” 6.35 70 7.5 8 8 8 8 8

10” 6.35 70 8 8.5 8.5 8.5 8 8.512” 6.35 80 8 9 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.514” 6.35 80 8.5 9 9 9 8.5 916” 6.35 80 8.5 9 9 9 9 918” 6.35 80 8.5 9.5 9 9.5 9 9.520” 6.35 80 9 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.522” 6.35 90 9 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.524” 6.35 90 9 10 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5

Sheet 14 (18)

14

APPENDIX H

INSULATED PIPES CONTAINING WATER OR FLUIDS OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY ≅ 1INSULATION DENSITY = 100 Kg/m3

N T I T 316°C < t ≤ 427°CO HM I

N HS I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K.

U C L. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) (mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 40 2 2 2.5 2 2.5 2.5¾” 2.87 40 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 31” 3.38 40 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3.5

1½” 3.68 50 3 3 4 3.5 4 42” 3.91 50 3.5 3.5 4 4 4.5 4.53” 3.96 60 4 4 5 4.5 5 54” 4.78 70 4.5 4.5 5.5 5 5.5 5.56” 5.56 80 5 5.5 6.5 6 6.5 6.58” 6.35 80 6 6 7.5 7 7.5 7.5

10” 6.35 90 6 6.5 8 7 8 812” 6.35 90 6.5 7 8 7.5 8 8.514” 6.35 100 6.5 7 8 7.5 8.5 8.516” 6.35 100 6.5 7 8.5 8 8.5 8.518” 6.35 100 7 7.5 8.5 8 8.5 920” 6.35 110 7 7.5 9 8 9 922” 6.35 110 7 7.5 9 8.5 9 924” 6.35 110 7 7.5 9 8.5 9 9.5

Sheet 15 (18)

15

APPENDIX H

INSULATED PIPES CONTAINING GAS OR STEAMINSULATION DENSITY = 100 Kg/m3

N T I T 21°C < t ≤ 149°CO HM I

N HS I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K.

U C L. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) (mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 25 3 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 25 3.5 3.5 3.5 3 3.5 3.51” 3.38 25 4 4 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 25 5 5 5 5 5 52” 3.91 25 5.5 6 6 6 6 63” 3.96 30 6.5 7.5 7 7 7.5 7.54” 4.78 30 7.5 8.5 8 8 8.5 8.56” 5.56 40 9.5 10.5 10 10 10.5 10.58” 6.35 40 11 12 11.5 11.5 12 12

10” 6.35 40 12 13.5 13 12.5 13.5 13.512” 6.35 40 13.5 15 14 14 15 1514” 6.35 50 14 15.5 14.5 14.5 15.5 15.516” 6.35 50 15 16.5 15.5 15.5 16.5 16.518” 6.35 50 15.5 17.5 16.5 16.5 17.5 17.520” 6.35 50 16.5 18.5 17.5 17.5 18.5 18.522” 6.35 50 17.5 19.5 18.5 18 19.5 19.524” 6.35 50 18.5 20.5 19.5 19 20.5 20.5

Sheet 16 (18)

16

APPENDIX H

INSULATED PIPES CONTAINING GAS OR STEAMINSULATION DENSITY = 100 Kg/m3

N T I T 149°C < t ≤ 232°CO HM I

N HS I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K.

U C L. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) (mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 25 3 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 25 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51” 3.38 25 4 4 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 30 4.5 5 5 5 5 52” 3.91 40 5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.53” 3.96 40 6.5 7 7 7 7 74” 4.78 50 7.5 8 7.5 7.5 8 86” 5.56 50 9 10 9.5 9.5 10 108” 6.35 60 10.5 11.5 11 11 11 11.5

10” 6.35 60 12 13 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.512” 6.35 60 13 14.5 13.5 13.5 14 1414” 6.35 60 13.5 15 14 14 14.5 14.516” 6.35 60 14.5 16 15 15 15.5 1618” 6.35 70 15.5 17 16 16 16.5 16.520” 6.35 70 16 18 17 17 17 17.522” 6.35 70 17 19 17.5 17.5 18 18.524” 6.35 70 18 19.5 18.5 18.5 19 19

Sheet 17 (18)

17

APPENDIX H

INSULATED PIPES CONTAINING GAS OR STEAMINSULATION DENSITY = 100 Kg/m3

N T I T 232°C < t ≤ 316°CO HM I

N HS I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K.

U C L. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) (mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 30 2.5 3 3 3 3 3¾” 2.87 30 3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51” 3.38 30 3.5 4 4 4 4 4

1½” 3.68 40 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.52” 3.91 50 5 5 5 5 5 53” 3.96 50 6 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.54” 4.78 60 7 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.56” 5.56 60 8.5 9.5 9 9 9 9.58” 6.35 70 10 11 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5

10” 6.35 70 11 12 12 12 12 1212” 6.35 80 12 13 13 13 13 1314” 6.35 80 13 14 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.516” 6.35 80 13.5 15 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.518” 6.35 80 14.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.520” 6.35 80 15.5 16.5 16.5 16.5 16 16.522” 6.35 90 16 17.5 17 17 17 1724” 6.35 90 16.5 18 18 18 17.5 18

Sheet 18 (18)

18

APPENDIX H

INSULATED PIPES CONTAINING GAS OR STEAMINSULATION DENSITY = 100 Kg/m3

N T I T 316°C < t ≤ 427°CO HM I

N HS I

Carbon SteelASTM A-53

Alloy SteelASTM A-335

Stainless SteelASTM A-312

DNPIPE

I C N. K.

U C L. K. Gr. A Gr. B

P 11P 21P 22

P 5P 7P 9

Tp.304 Tp.316

(mm) (mm) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m) L (m)½” 2.77 40 2 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5¾” 2.87 40 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 3 31” 3.38 40 2.5 3 3.5 3 3.5 3.5

1½” 3.68 50 3.5 3.5 4 4 4 42” 3.91 50 4 4 5 4.5 5 53” 3.96 60 4.5 5 6 5.5 6 64” 4.78 70 5.5 6 7 6.5 7 76” 5.56 80 6.5 7 8.5 8 8.5 8.58” 6.35 80 8 8.5 10 9 10 10

10” 6.35 90 8.5 9.5 11 10 11 11.512” 6.35 90 9.5 10 12 11 12 12.514” 6.35 100 10 10.5 12.5 11.5 12.5 1316” 6.35 100 10.5 11.5 13.5 12.5 13.5 1418” 6.35 100 11.5 12 14.5 13 14.5 14.520” 6.35 110 12 12.5 15 14 15 15.522” 6.35 110 12.5 13.5 15.5 14.5 15.5 1624” 6.35 110 13 14 16.5 15 16.5 17