STRESS Concept In Design

Type of SupportSupport SymbolsSupport DefinitionBasic Support PrinciplesSpring SupportStrutsSnubbersSway brace

STRESS Concept In Design

Type of Supports• Anchors• Rest Support• Guides• Directional Anchors• Trunnions• Rigid Hangers• Spring Hangers

• Variable• Constant

• Struts• Snubbers• Sway Brace• U - Clamp• Hold Supports

STRESS Concept In Design

Resting and Guide

Spring Hanger

Rest

Rest Axial stop/Directional Stop Anchor

XZ

Y

Global Co-ordinate System

Familiarization with Stress symbols:

STRESS Concept In Design

Guides: A guide stops sideways movement of a pipe, but permits movement parallel to the pipe's centerline.

Rest Supports: A pipe support prevents downward motion of a pipe. If the weight of the pipe acting down on the support is great enough, upward motion of the pipe may not be possible.

Hangers: When the piping system moves up or down due to thermal expansion, conventional rigid support is not feasible, as it may not take load at all or it may act as a pivot. Under such condition, it is recommended to use flexible support such as spring hangers

Directional Anchor: DA stops movement parallel to the center-line of the pipe, but permits sideways pipe motion.

Anchor :An anchor is a mechanical connection (welded and/or bolted) between a pipe (or exchanger, etc.) and a structure. The structure must be strong enough so that it cannot bend excessively under large forces.

STRESS Concept In Design

STRESS Concept In Design

STRESS Concept In Design

STRESS Concept In Design

Type A

This arrangement is useful when the head room clearance available is more.

Type B

This arrangement is normally used when the head room clearance available is not higher.

STRESS Concept In Design

Type CIdentical to Type B except that Lug (steel attachment) will take lesser load than that of Type B

Type DNormally used whether Head room clearance available is too less to accommodate can. Load adjustment is done from the top with the help of adjusting nut

STRESS Concept In Design

Type EIdentical to type “D” except that adjustment is done from below using turn buckle but also can be done from above the piping

Type FDesigned to support piping from a base below or from the bottom. The base flange being fastened to the floor or to the supporting beams.

STRESS Concept In Design

Type GMade up of two standard spring units welded to the end of a single or pair of channels. Suitable for excess loads or low head room clearance. Each spring is carrying one half of the total load.

Equipment: Most equipment is anchored to a foundation. Therefore equipment nozzles are also anchors. Generally they are full anchors. The anchors are mechanically rigid but may have additional expansion when the equipment is hot. Even if the equipment is not bolted down, the weight may be great enough to make the equipment an anchor point.

STRESS Concept In Design

Recommended where thermal movement is excess or variation in load is not permitted.

Constant Springs

STRESS Concept In Design

STRESS Concept In Design

STRUTS

• It is a mechanical device, mainly used for restriction of linear movement.• This is preferred where conventional guides/DA can not be installed due to non availability of steel structure.• It allows angular motion of ± 5°.• Field adjustment of 2” - 4” can be done at the time of installation.

STRESS Concept In Design

SNUBBER

STRESS Concept In Design

SNUBBER

STRESS Concept In Design

SWAY BRACE