design and simulation studies of resistive plate chambers (ph.d progress seminar)

Satyanarayana BheesetteRoll number: 04412701

Supervisors

Prof Raghava Varma, IIT BombayProf Naba Mondal, TIFR, Mumbai

Department of PhysicsIndian Institute of Technology Bombay

August 2008

Design and Simulation Studies of Resistive Plate Chambers

(Ph.D Progress Seminar)

August 23, 2008 B.Satyanarayana Ph.D Progress Seminar, IIT Bombay 2

Plan of the this presentation• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


Next topic …Long term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Two small area RPCs made of

Japanese glass• Operated in avalanche mode• No sign of any aging after

continuous operation for 2.5 years

• Long-term tests stopped end of last year

• Wealth of data collected; conclusions made

• Tried another large area RPC in streamer mode this year

• Chamber died after a few weeks of operation


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCsDevelopment of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


Honeycomb pickup panel

Terminations on the non-readout end

Machined pickup strips on honeycomb panel

Preamp connections on the readout end


Measurement of characteristic impedance

Recipe: Tune terminating impedance for each strip width until the reflected signal for injected charge pulse disappear.


Pulse profiles while measuring Z0

100 51 Open

48

100


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panelsDevelopment and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


Electrode coating technique

Graphite paint prepared using colloidal grade graphite powder(3.4gm), lacquer(25gm) and thinner(40ml) is sprayed on the glass electrodes using an automobile spray gun. A uniform, stable graphite coat of desired surface resistivity (100-200K/) can be obtained by this method.


Specifications of the new spray paint


Prototype of automatic painting machine


Screen printing parameter optimisation


Study on effect of thinner on the resistivity


Technique of screen printing on glass


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatingsCalibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


New gas system features• 16 pneumatically controlled outputs• Molecular sieve based input filter columns• Nippon Tylan made model FC-760 MFCs• Parker made fine filters on the mixed gas• On-line moister readout on mixed gas• Output flow control by SS 0.3mm capillaries• Bleeder bubblers for RPC protection• Facility to add controlled moister into the mixture• Computer interface for control and monitoring


Front-view of the new gas system


Precision calibration of the gas system

R134a

Argon Iso-butane

SF6


Cross-calibration of the gas system

• Calibration done using water displacement method• Calibrated against the MFC monitor voltage• Cross-calibration procedure

– Glass/hard plastic tube with precise inner diameter chosen. Placed on a perfectly horizontal surface.

– Water droplet introduced through an opening on one end of the tube

– Gas connected to this end

– Gas moves the water droplet forward α gas flow

– Distance, time intervals measured

– Gas volume computed and compared with displayed value


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas systemDesign and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


Magnet iron installation

T and C Sections of the magnet Assembled magnet


B-H curve for prototype magnet

Steel sample size: 68cm 43.5 cm 4.8 cm

Number of turns in coil: 25


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnetDesign and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


Schematic of the prototype detector stack


Prototype detector stack and the DAQ


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stackElectronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


Schematic of prototype detector DAQ


Preamp for prototype detector

• Built as a cascade of BMC1595/BMC1597 and BMC1513 HMCs, developed at BARC, Electronics Division

• Overall gain of about 80.

• Rise and fall times are about 3nS and 6nS

• Noise band within ±7mV


Gain characteristics of preamplifier


16-channel analog front-end

• Functions– To digitize the preamp signals– To form the pre-trigger (Level-

0) logic– Signal shaping

• Features– Based on the AD96687 ultra-

fast comparator– Common adjustable threshold

going up to 500mV– VTh now at -20mV– ECL output for low I/O delay

and fast rise times


32-channel digital front-end

• Functions– Latch RPC strip status on trigger– Transfer latched data serially through a

daisy chain to the readout module– Time-multiplex strip signals for noise

rate monitoring – Generate Level-1 trigger signals

• Features– Latch, shift register, multiplexer are

implemented in CPLD XC95288– Trigger logic is built into a CPLD

XC9536; flexible– Data transfer rates of up to 10MHz


Control and data router• To route the control

signals and shift clock from controller to the individual FEP modules

• To route the latch data from all the FEPs to the readout module

• To route strip signals from FEPs to the scalers for noise rate monitoring


Trigger and TDC router• To route the m-Fold signals

from each RPC plane to the final trigger module

• To route TDC stop signals (1-Fold) from each plane to the TDC module

• All signals are in LVDS logic, except TDC stop signals which are in ECL logic for achieving better timing resolution


Data and monitor control module• On FTO, triggers all the FEPs to

latch the strip signals• Initiates serial data transfer to the

readout module• Manages the noise rate

monitoring of strip signals, by generating periodic interrupts and selecting channels to be monitored sequentially

• CAMAC interface for parameter configuration (like data transfer speed, size, monitoring period) as well as diagnostic procedures


Data and monitor readout Module• Supports two serial

connections for event data recording of X and Y planes and 8 channels for noise rate monitoring

• Serial Data converted into 16-bit parallel data and stored temporarily in 4k FIFO buffer

• Source of LAM for external trigger source

• CAMAC interface for data readout to Computer


Final trigger module• Receives m-fold layer triggers and

generates m n fold final trigger• Final trigger out (FTO) invokes

LAM and is Logic Trigger Out (LTO) vetoed by gated LAM

• Inputs can be selectively masked • The rates of different m n

combinations counted by embedded 16-bit scalers

• Rate monitoring of LTO signal using the built in 24-bit scaler

• Logic inputs and m n signals are latched on an FTO and can be read via CAMAC commands

• Implementing using FPGA adds to circuit simplicity and flexibility


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systemsAnalysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


Typical cosmic ray muon event


Efficiency time profile of an RPC


RPC absolute time resolution plots


RPC relative time resolution plots


RPC Id HV(KV) Mean(nS) Sigma(nS) RelMean(nS) RelSigma(nS)AB06 09.8 49.53 2.06 -7.64 1.41JB00 09.6 46.00 2.32 -4.47 1.67IB01 09.8 42.31 2.15 -0.64 1.63JB01 09.6 42.55 2.28 -0.87 1.58JB03 09.8 43.75 2.26 -2.18 1.44IB02 09.8 38.49 2.31 3.27 1.38AB02 09.8 42.77 2.53 -1.21 1.51AB01 09.8 35.30 2.16 6.33 1.71AB03 09.8 45.82 3.23 -4.55 1.99AB04 09.8 41.66 2.42 Reference RPCAB07 09.8 40.61 2.47 0.96 1.35AB08 09.8 41.56 2.80 0.31 1.82

RPC-wise timing parameters


RPC strip hit summary

RPC Id = AB08 HV = 09.8KV

No strips hit : 35 [ 5.4]Strips 15 + 16 : 408 [62.4]Strips 16 + 17 : 619 [94.6]Strips 15 + 17 : 425 [65.0]Strips 15 + 16 + 17 : 619 [94.6]Strips 15 x 16 : 0 [ 0.0]Strips 16 x 17 : 214 [32.7]Strips 15 x 17 : 0 [ 0.0]Strips 15 x 16 x 17 : 0 [ 0.0]Strips 15~ x 16~ x 17 : 211 [32.3]Strips 15 x 16~ x 17~ : 0 [ 0.0]


Strip hit map of an RPC in a run


RPC strip rate time profiles


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack dataStudy of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


RPC strip cluster size analysis

RPC Size

AB01 1.1

AB02 2.3

AB03 2.2

AB04 2.3

AB06 4.0

AB07 2.4

AB08 1.9

IB01 2.2

IB02 1.1

JB00 1.6

JB01 3.0

JB03 1.1


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster sizeSummary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papers• Acknowledgements


Presentations and papers1. Development of glass Resistive Plate Chambers for INO experiment, Proceedings of RPC2007, Nuclear Instruments

and Methods A, In press2. INO prototype detector and data acquisition system, Proceedings of RPC2007, Nuclear Instruments and Methods A,

In press 3. Development of conductive coated polyester film as RPC electrodes using screen printing, Proceedings of RPC2007,

Nuclear Instruments and Methods A, In press4. On-line gas mixing and multi-channel distribution system, Proceedings of RPC2007, Nuclear Instruments and

Methods A, In press5. RPC exhaust gas recovery by open loop method, Proceedings of RPC2007, Nuclear Instruments and Methods A, In

press6. Development of glass Resistive Plate Chambers for INO, Proceedings of International Conference on High Energy

Physics, University of Philadelphia, July 29 - August 5, 20087. Development and characterisation of large area glass Resistive Plate Chambers for the ICAL detector at INO,

Proceedings of Nuclear Physics Symposium, Sambalpur University, December 11-15, 20078. Electronics and data acquisition system for prototype INO-ICAL detector, Proceedings of Nuclear Physics

Symposium, Sambalpur University, December 11-15, 20079. Development of Resistive Plate Chambers for INO ICAL detector, Invited talk at University of Roma Tor Vergata,

November 2, 200710. Electronics for the INO ICAL detector, Presentation at KEK, Japan, November 27, 200711. Commissioning of ICAL prototype detector electronics, Presentation at INO Collaboration meeting, BARC, April

13-14, 200812. Electronics, trigger and data acquisition systems for the INO ICAL detector, Presentation at INO Collaboration

meeting, BARC, April 13-14, 200813. Possible schemes for INO-ICAL electronics, Presentation at INO Electronics Meeting, TIFR, September 21, 200714. The joy and challenge of doing experimental particle physics, CBS Colloquium, August 12, 2008


Next topic …• Long-term stability tests of RPCs• Development of honeycomb pickup panels• Development and study of electrode coatings• Calibration and precision studies of the gas system• Design and construction of prototype detector magnet• Design and construction of prototype detector stack• Electronics, trigger, DAQ and monitoring systems• Analysis of ICAL prototype detector stack data• Study of RPC cluster size• Summary and conclusions• Presentations and papersAcknowledgements


Acknowledgements

• Prof Raghava Varma, IIT Bombay

• Prof Naba Mondal, TIFR, Mumbai

• Prof Basant Nandi, IIT Bombay

• Prof S.Uma Sankar, IIT Bombay

• INO detector development & electronics design teams’ colleagues

design and simulation studies of resistive plate chambers (ph.d progress seminar)

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