DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A MI'CROCONTROLLER BASED

DIGITAL LOGIC Ie TESTER

BY

ATOLAGBE LANRE

2006/24443EE

A TBESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING. FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

MINNA, NIGER STATE.

NOVEMBER, 2011.

DEDICATION

I give glory and honour to the almighty God, for his goodness and mercies over me throughout

my studies and also to my wonderful parent Mr. and Mrs. James Atolagbe.

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I I

DECLARACTION

I Lame Tosin Atolagbe, hereby declare that this work was done by me and has never been presented elsewhere for the award of a degree. I also hereby relinquish the copyright to the Federal university of technology, Minna.

Lame.T. Atolagbe Mr. A.Y. Enesi

(Name of Student) (Name of supervisor)

(Signature and date) (Signature and date)

Engr. A. G. Raji

(Name ofR.O.D) (Name of Examiner)

(Signature and date)

~ ~ ~~(2 (Signature and date)

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,

l 1

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I give thanks to God Almighty for his goodness and infinite mercies upon my life

throughout my program. I also want to thank my amiable supervisor Mr A. Y. Enesi for his

fatherly advice and guidance towards the successful completion of my project work. . ,

My gratitude also goes to the head of my department, Engr. A. G. Raji and all the

lecturers in my wonderful department throughout my program for their co-operation.

My profound gratitude also goes to my parent Mr. and Mrs. James Atolagbe for their

moral and financial support throughout my program. Also to my siblings, Mrs. Funmilola

Ajiboye, Mr. Sunkanmi Atolagbe, Mr. Rotimi Atolagbe, Mr. Adewale Atolagbe, Mr. Yemi

Atolagbe a~d Mrs. Biola Adebayo. I also thank all my wonderful friends for their support, ~.

people like Amudat Alabi Yusuf, Joshua Ilemona, Farouq Abdu}lahi, Katfun Dawar etc.

Finally, I appreciate everyone that have been of help to me in one way or the other during

my undergraduate years, may Almighty Lord bless you all, Amen.

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ABSTRACT

This project shows the design and construction of a microcontroller based digital logic Ie

tester. It is based on the hardware and software integration to produce the required output

through the aid of a virtual LCD display. The required output produced through the hardware

is driven by a program contained in the software. In any manufacturing industry there are

continuous efforts to effect cost reductions, upgrade quality and improve overall efficiencies.

In the electronics industry, with the dramatic increase in circuit complexity and the need for

higher levels of reliability, a major contributory cost of any product can be in the testing.

However, in the real world we have to recognize that no process can be perfect, so that

testing, and in particular, automatic testing, will be an essential part of production for the

foreseeable future which is the aim of this project.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title .... ....... . ... . .. ...................... .. . ............... ...... ..... ..... .. ..... ... ....... ... .. . ....... ..... 1

Dedication ... ......... .. . ...... ....... ..... . ......... ............. .... .. ...... .. ......... .. . . .. . , .... ... .. .. .. . 11

Declaration . .......... , ... . .. ..... . ....... .. ........ . ............. ... .. .. , ............. .. .. . .... .. .. .... ... ... 1I1

Acknowledgement. .......................... ...... ............................... ........ ... . .... . ... . ..... . IV

Abstract. ........................................................... .... ........... ......... ..... ........ . .... . . v

List offigures ...................................................... ....... .......... . ... ........ . .... .. ....... lX

List of tables ... ...... . ....... . .... ........ ' " ... .. . .. . .. .. ...... .... .............. .. ........ .. ... .. . ... ....... x

Chapte.· One: General introduction

l.0 Introduction ......................... " ................. , ..... ... .. .... .... ... ........................ .. .... 1

l.1 Aims and objective ....... . ...... . ................................. ... .. .... ..... ' " ....... . ....... .. .... .. 2

1.2 Methodology ............ ........................................... ........ ... .... . ................... . ..... . 2

1.3 Scope ............ ... .. . ... ..... . ... ............... .......... .. . .. ............... .... .... . .... . .... ............ 2

1.4 Project layout. ....... .. ... .......... . ................ ........... ........ . ......... . .. .................. .. .... 3

Challte.· Two: LiteratUl"e Review

2.0 Origin ofIC tester. ............... ...... .......... . ................ ....... . ... ........ . .................... .4

2.1 Theoretical background .. .. .. .. ......... .. .. '" . .............. ........... . ............ ... '" ............. . 5

2.2 History of micro controller.. ................... ..... .. ....... . ............................... ... .. ........ . 5

2.3 8051 microcontroller. ... ................................ '" ... .. . ....... .... .......................... ..... 6

Chapte .. Th .. ee: Design and Construction

3.0.1 AT89C52 microcontroller. ..... ........ .. ............... .. .. ................ '" ............ ... ... ....... . 7

3.0.2 Pin function of AT89C52 microcontroller. ...... .. . . ... . .......................... ....... .. . ....... 7

3.0.3 Capacitor. .. ..... . ..... ... .. .................... ....... . ........... .... ................... . .... ..... ..... .11

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3.0.4aResistoT. ......... ..... .............. , ................ , ... ...... ..... .. ... ................ .... ... ...... . 11

3.0Ah Potentiometer.. .............................. ........ , ........ . ........................... ..... ....... 12

3.0.5 JBT Transistor ....... , ... .... ............. . ... . ....... . ... ...... ...... .... " .. , ..... .... ..... , ........... 12

3.0.6 Diode .... , . .......... , .. . ... . ..... .. .. .. ... .. ... . ... .............. . .. . .... , ..... ........... . ..... . .... .. .. 13

3 0 7 7805 voltage regulator ...... , ...... .. .............. ......................................... , ........ . 13 ..

3.0.82 Line 16-characterLCD ....... .. ....................... . .................. .. .... ... .............. ... 14

3.0.9 Crystal oscillator.. ... ............ ... ... .. ... ...... ... . ...... · ..... · ...................................... 14

3.1. System design ......................... . ............. ......... .......... .... ....... . ........ ........ ... ... 15

3.1.1 Hardware design ................. ........ . ........ . ... . ........ ............ ... . , .................. .. .... 15

3.1.2 System power supply .. ... ... ......................................................................... 16

3.1.3 8-Bit 8952 system controller. .................................. .. .......... '" ......................... 16

3.1.4 Design specification ............ . ................................ ... ................................ ... 17

3.1.5 Socket for (DUT). .......... . ................... ......... .. .... ........... . ................... . ........ 17

3.1.6 System software overview ............. . ...... .. .... . ...................... ... ..... .. ........ . ...... . 18

3.1 .7 Auto ground selection .. ... . . .. .. ........ . ... ..... . ... ......... ... .. . ... ... ...... . ..................... 20

3.1.8 Device testing ..... ..................................................................... .. .............. 21

3.1.9 Hardware circuit construction ......... '" ......................................... , ............ .. .. 23

3.2 Software design .......................... . ............ ...................................... . ...... .... .. 23

Chapter Four: Tests, Result and Discussion

4.0 System Testing .......................................................................... . ............... 24

4.1 Results ..... . ........... . .... .. ... ......... .... .......................... .. .................... ... ........ 24

4.2 Discussion of result.. ............. ... ................. . ............................................ . ... 24

4.3 Limitation ............... ... ..................... ... ............ . .................................... .. ... 24

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Chapter Five: Conclusion and Recommendation

5.0 Conclusion ................... ..... . ... .. ..... ..... .. .... .................. ............ . . ..... ... ..... .. . 25

5.1 Problem encountered and solutions ... ..... ........ ... .. .... ..................... ...... ............. . 25

5.2 Suggestion for further improvement ........ .. .. . .. ..... ...... .. .. ... ...... .... ..... . ............... 25

5.3 Recommendations ..... . ................. . ... ......... ...... ............ .. . .. .... .. . .... ..... .. ........ 25

Reference .... ..... . .. ................ ..... ... ........ . ...... .... . ........................ ... ..... .. .. .......... 26

Appendix A .. .. . .... ........ .. .. .......... .. ......... .... ... .. .............................................. 27

Appendix B ... . ....... . . . ........... . . .... .. ... .. . ... ...... ... ... . . . .. ....... . ... . ....... ....... ... . . .. . 28-47

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LIST OF FIGURES

Fig 3.0.2: 8051 rnicrocontroller ..... . ......... .. ... ....... ..... · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. .l0

Fig 3.0.3: Capacitor.. .... .. ..................... ...... ......... · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. 11

Fig 3.04a: Resistor .............. ....... .. ................ ................................................ 11

Fig 3 .0.4b : Potentiometer .. . ........................................ .. ..... ............ ............ . .... 12

Fig 3.0.5: Transistor ..................................... .. ....................... ... ........ .. .. ... .... .l2

Fig 3.0.6: Diode .................... . ......... .. .... .............................. · .... · .. · .. · .. ·· .... · .. . 13

Fig 3.0.7: Voltage regulator ................................ ...... .... .. ........ .. ........... . .. ........ 13

Fig 3.0.8: 2 Line 16-characterLCD .................. ... .................. .............. ... .. ..... .... 14

Fig 3.1.1: Block diagram ofIC tester. ........................................................... '" .. 15

Fig 3.1.2: System power supply ............................. .............. ... .... ...... . .............. 16

Fig 3.1.4: Controller peripheral interface ........................................................... . 17

Fig 3.1.5: 18-Pin socket interface ... . .............................. ........ .. ..... , ..... .. ...... '" ... 18

Fig 3.1.7: Ground selection .................... .... ............................................... . ..... 20

Fig 3.1.8: CD4011 pinout ........... ... ............................................. ... ............ . ... 21

Fig 3.1.9: Circuit diagram ofIC tester. .. ..... ... . ....... ................................ ....... ...... 27

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.0.2: Function pin AT89C52 .. ........ ........ .. .... .. . .................. . .... . ............ ... 10

Table 3.l.7: Transistor selection ......... ... .................. .. ...... .. ............. ... . ............. . 20

Table 3.1.8a: CD4011 NAND gate tmth table ...... .... ... . ...... ... . ......... .. ....... ... ... .. . ... 21

Table 3.l.8b: Pin 1 and Pin 3 data .. ... ... ..... .. ....................... . ... ....................... . ... 22

Table 3.l.8c: NAND gate test pattern .. ..... ........... ...... .. .............................. . ........ 22

Table 4.0.1: Test results . .. ... . .......... . ...... '" . . , ... . .. . .. '" .............. . .... .... .. .. ... . .. ... ... 24

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