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Department of Physics Where are we now? (복습)

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Page 1: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

Where are we now? (복습)

Page 2: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

(magnetic) induction heating

자기조리기의 원리

코일

Induction Heating - Fundamental

The coil itself does not get hot.

전자기유도와 유도용량Chapter 30

Page 3: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

Faraday의 (자기)유도 법칙; Law of (Magnetic) Induction

자기다발의

자기다발의

자기다발의

Page 4: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

B

dA

For an elements of area : dA1. B B dA

(for a single loop)Bddt

cosBd B dA

For the entire loop,

cosB BdA B dA 2.

2T m Weber: (symbol )WbSI unit

3. Magnitude of the induced in a conductive

el p

mf oo

BMagnetic Flux( ) Φ자 다발 계산하기기

(for a coil of turns)Bddt NN Fe =-

Page 5: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

Magnetic Induction

p.991Lenz의 법칙

자기유도로 생기는 (유도)전류는 (유도)자기장이 그것을 발생시키는 본래자기장의 변화를 줄이는 쪽으로 흐른다.

Page 6: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

Lenz의 법칙 예시

확인문제 2, p.992 : 유도전류의 크기 순서?

N S

magnet motion

N S

magnet motion

inet BB B inet BB B

전기기타의 전기pickup

(Coil에 진동하는 유도전류 발생)

Page 7: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

Why??

8 2

Page 8: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

1 : ( ) ; B

F F iLBBA BLx

손으로 당기는 힘

2 2 22( ) B L vRP i R

유도열에너지 방출률

Induction and Energy Transfer (외력이 한 일률)

deflection deflection : F i LF L B Bi유도 유도

자기력 p.996

22

2 2

2

ind

=

|

;

|

B

BLvR

ddt

B L vR

B L vR

i

BLv

F i LB

i R

P Fv

유도 유도

유도

고리를 당기는 데 드는 ,일률

Circuit Diagram

• Power of the Energy Transfer=Thermal Energy Rate

• External Work done to the closed (loop+magnet) system ends up with its

Thermal Energy

에너지 보존

Page 9: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

• MRI scanning 중 마취 상태에 있는환자의 예

oscillation ( )t0B B

확인문제 3, p.999; v=일정

유도기전력의 상대적인 크기?

v

Page 10: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

p.999

0BddtF

¹

Page 11: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

• 유도전기장이 전하에 한 일

Faraday-Henry의전자기 유도 법칙

BdE dsdtF

⋅ =-ò

유도

ε유도 ⋅ 유도 ⋅

⋅ 유도 ⋅

유도 2 r ≡ ε유도

유도기전력

Page 12: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

The path is now an " " line.

: ( )

* Farad

abstract

ay's law: ( )

B

B

E

E d dd

dsd

t

ts

d

eqs.1

eqs.2

* 유도기전력

22

2 cos 0

: BB

E ds E ds E rEd dBr

dt dt

ds

r B

좌변=

우변

∮ ∮ ∮

p.1003

유도전기장 계산하기

2 1) 2 2

for r dBEd

dBt

r Rrdt

rE

22

2

for2) 2 rR dBEr dt

dBrE Rt

Rd

Page 13: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

유도전기장

No Copper Ring yet

4 ind 0E ds∮

1 ind 2 ind 3 indE ds E ds E ds∮ ∮ ∮

균일한 외부 자기장 B(t)

0)dBdt 일정 (

f2

or r dBE Rdt

r

Page 14: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

2. 정전기장과 유도전기장의 특징 비교

* 유도전기장 선은 닫힌 고리를 만든다.

전기퍼텐셜

-f iV V E d s f

전 하

i

Page 15: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

유도기(inductor)와 유도용량(inductance)Choke coil

indBE ds d

dt

유도 ∮

Page 16: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

20 (so le n o id )L

l n A= m

p.1003유도기(inductor)와 유도용량(inductance)Choke coil

유도용량

BNiL F= 2[T m /A] henry, H

Page 17: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

Page 18: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

RV iR

LdiV Ldt

p.1006

LdiV Ldt

: 0diiR Ldt

고 리규칙

2000 , 4.0H, =10VR L

Page 19: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

2000 , 4.0H, =10VR L

: 0diiR Ldt

고 리규칙

/ /0( ) Rt L Rt Li t e i e

R

Page 20: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

p. 1009 확인문제 6

(a) 스위치를 닫은 직후에 전지에 흐르는 전류 i는?

(b) 스위치를 닫고 오랜 시간이 지난 후 전지에 흐르는 전류 i는?

스위치를 닫기 직전에 유도기에 흐르는 i=0

-> 닫힌 직후에도 i=0 -> 유도기가 절단된 것처럼 작동

초기전류=0 i2 > i3 > 0, i1 =0

(1) 2R, (2) R/2, (3) R i2 > i3 > i1

전류는 평형에 이름 -> 유도기가 없는 것처럼 작동

Page 21: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

p. 1010 보기문제(a) 스위치를 닫은 직후에 전지에 흐르는 전류 i는?

스위치를 닫은 직전에 유도기에 흐르는 i=0

닫힌 직후에도 i=0

(b) 스위치를 닫고 오랜 시간이 지난 후 전지에 흐르는 전류 i는?

/ 30 3i=eq

eq

iR

RR Re e e

e = =- =

0 i=iRR

ee

- =

전류는 평형에 이름 유도기가 없는 것처럼 작동

Page 22: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

p.1011

:

"

diiR Ldt

단 에너당위전하 지보존규칙

고리 칙 규

"

2 ; di dqi i R Li idt dt

2

:

:

:

i

i RdiLidt

전원의에너지공급률

저항체의 에너지

자기장에너

발생율

유도기의 지저장율

Page 23: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

자기장 에너지

자기장 에너지 밀도

Page 24: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

전류가 흐르는 두 원통 사이의 공간에 저장된 자기장 에너지 계산하기

2

Page 25: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

2

; cos )2

( E q QC

tqU w f= +=

2

2

sin( )

1 ; 2

cos( )

BU Li i

I tI

Q

Q

t

pw f

w

w w f=

+ +º

=

=

- +

p. 1032전기자기 유도

Page 26: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

p. 1032

Page 27: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics 2

sin( ) cos( )i

tQ t

I p

w w fw f

-

+

=

= +

+

cos( ); 0 q Q tw f f= + =

Page 28: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

p. 1035

Page 29: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

p. 1035

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Department of Physics

Page 31: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

2

2

2

2 2

?

B ELi qU U U

C

dU i Rdt

p. 1039

Page 32: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

EU

2/ 2

2

cos ( ' )22

Rt LE

qC

QU e tC

전기에너지 진폭

Page 33: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

sinsin( )m d

d

ti I te

f

w

w

e=

= -

강제 각진동수

위상각

p. 1041

Page 34: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

e e w= sinm dt

Page 35: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

e e w= sinm dt

p. 10423가지 (R형, L형, C형) 교류회로 분석

Page 36: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

m0 ; sinC dV t

reactance: “반응저항”

Page 37: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

dtdi

L

LL

L

0

e e w= sinm dt

reactance: “반응저항”

Page 38: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

reactance: “반응저항”

Page 39: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

reactance: “반응저항”

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Department of Physics

현재 이 이미지를 표시할 수 없습니다 .

)sin(sin

tIi

t

d

dm

p. 1050

L CX X C LX X

Page 41: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

m R C LV V Ve = + +

Page 42: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

-

전류진폭 eº = + -2 2; ( )m

L CI Z R X XZ

온저항impedance;

Page 43: Department of Physics - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/Pusan/leegyeongsu/6.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Department of Physics B nˆ dA 1. For an elements of area : dA B B dA B

Department of Physics

C LX X

eº = + -2 2; ( )m

L CI Z R X XZ

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Department of Physics

Power in ac Circuit2 2 2sin ( )dP i R I R t

cos : Power Factor

rms

rmsavg

rm

rms rms2

rms rms

s rms

rmsZ Z

cos

;

mZ

R

I

I RP

I

I

p. 1056

2 2avg rms2 rms 2

; R IIP I R I

e e w= sinm dt

cos R

m

V IRIZ

RZ

2rmsx x

2rms

1sin sin2

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Department of Physics

cos =avg rms rms avg rms rms rms

0cos RP I P I V I 에너지 전송 조건

안전(낮은 전압)과 전송효율(열손실 최소화: I2R 작은 전류)

이상적인 변압기:

turn turn

turn

;

p p

ss

s

s

sp

p

s

p

p

V V NV V

V V

NN

N N

N

turn ( ) Bddt 유코일당 도기전력e

e w=sinm t

자 화

pe w w= = º-s in (; in ( )

2)p m L LV s t It i I

pp

sp p

ss s ps

pNII V I V I

VI

NV

2

1s s

p

pp p

s ss

p p

V N VR R N

N NIN R

IN

V

등가

발전기에 걸리는부하저항 Please read pp. 1061-

Impedance Matching (온저항 맞춤)Zload = Zsource

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Department of Physics

•Why high voltage power transmission?

•Why transformer?

•What is impedance matching?

Please read pp. 1059-

Energy Transmission Requirement, Ideal Transformer, and Impedance Matching

Zload = Zsource

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Department of Physics

p. 1058 1989.03.13 at 02:45 am in Quebec, Canada