BIO 205Microbiology with Lab

Denver School of Nursing – General Education ClassesLecture / Laboratory : Monday 10:00 am – 2:24pmLecture: Tuesday 4:30pm – 6:30pmInstructor: Lisa Johansen, PhD Microbiology

When you see the word microbiology…

What do you think of??

Microbiology

What is your connection to microbiology??

Work?

Home?

Health?

Microbiology

Chapter 1The Science of Microbiology

The Scope of Microbiology

Six subgroups Bacteria Archaea Algae Fungi Protozoa Viruses Helminths **

Brief History of Microbiology

1674Leeuwenhoek: sees microorganisms 1796Jenner: vaccine for smallpox 1847Semmelweiss: cause of childbed

fever 1859Pasteur: disproves spontaneous gen. 1865Lister: introduces antiseptic

technique 1876Koch: pure culture on agar 1892Iwanowski: discovers viruses 1894Ehrlich: selective toxicity 1929Fleming: discovers penicillin 1977Woese: classifies archaea

Animalcules

Made his own microscopes Antony van Leeuwenhoek

▪ Looked at everything he could▪ White matter from his teeth

Edward Jenner and Immunity Observation:

Dairymaids who had mild cowpox infections were protected from smallpox

Hypothesis Cowpox infection provides

protection against smallpox Experiment

Inoculated boy with cowpox fluid and later challenged with smallpox fluid

Result Boy did not get smallpox

Childbed Fever

Wash your hands! Ignaz Semmelweis

▪ Medical students were bring disease from the morgue to the women’s clinic

Spontaneous Generation

Life is formed from inanimate objects Fruit flies!!!

Spontaneous Generation

Louis Pasteur Used swan-neck flask Boiled broth Open to the air No growth unless broth was

washed into the curved neck

Aseptic technique

Against infection via phenol Joseph Lister

▪ How good is the mouthwash though?

Germ Theory of Disease

Koch’s Postulates1. Microbes present in samples of

diseased animal2. Grow organism in pure culture3. Inject healthy animal with cultured

cells4. Animal develops same disease

Viruses are discovered

Smaller than bacteria - filterable Dmitri Iwanowski and Martinus

Beijerinick ▪ Tobacco mosaic virus

Selective Toxicity

Chemotherapy Paul Ehrlich

▪ Magic Bullet Theory

Penicillin

The birth of antibiotics Alexander Fleming

▪ Bad lab techniques made him famous

Archaea

Not just bacteria anymore Carl Woese

▪ Extremophiles

Microbiology Today

Diagnostics Treatments Genomics Epidemiology Emerging diseases Bioremediation Environment micro / microbial

ecology Green fuels Bioterrorism Bioengineering Agricultural microbiology Industrial microbiology

Chapter 10meet the microbes!

Six subgroups• Bacteria• Archaea• Algae• Fungi • Protozoa• Viruses• Helminths **

Classification systems and names

Kingdom

Writing names properlybinomial nomenclature

genus species

Escherichia coli or Escherichia coli

E. coli or E. coli

bacteria = binomial nomenclature plus

genus species strains

E. coli K12E. coli ML30E. coli 0157:H7

How we classify - methods - old

How we classify - Dichotomous key - an oldie but goodie

How we classify - methods - newmolecular biology / genetics

Molecular biology and identification

The Prokaryotes - Ch. 11

Archaea Bacteria

Prokaryotes: Homework

Chose 5 bacteria (total) from different 5 different phyla (Ch. 11) and describe:

• habitat - where is it normally found?• shape (morphology - what does it look like under the microscope)• pathogenesis (does it cause disease? if so how?)• three interesting facts (not covered above)

• think medical or environmental importance• unique features

• include a picture of the organism

This must be a PowerPoint presentation.This is part of your weekly presentation grade.Due 1/14/13 @ beginning of class - on a thumb drive or email to me.

Eukaryotes and Helminths and Arthropod vectorsChapter 12

A few eukaryotes to know about:Fungi

macroscopic microscopic

Eukaryotic cells - Fungi

heterotrophic

saprobe

Eukaryotic cells - Fungi

yeast colonies

mycelium

spores

A few eukaryotes to know about:Fungi

Fungal diseases : thermal dimorphoism

Mycoses = fungal infections

ringworm / tinea athletes foot / tineathrush

Cryptococcus Aspergillus

Good Fungi

Good Fungi - antibiotic producers

A few eukaryotes to know about:Algae

A few eukaryotes to know about:Lichens

A few eukaryotes to know about:Protozoa

Paramecium Amoeba

Giardia

A few eukaryotes to know about:Protozoa: trypanosome

A few eukaryotes to know about:Protozoa: Toxoplasma gondii

A few eukaryotes to know about:Protozoa: Plasmodium

A few eukaryotes to know about:Slime molds

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bkVhLJLG7ug

A few eukaryotes to know about:Helminths

Intestinal Helminths

Eukaryotes - Helminths

FlukesTapeworms Roundworms

YOU and Helminths diseases

Parasitic Helminths

A few eukaryotes to know about:Arthropod vectors

YOU and Arthropod vectors / diseases

Chapter 13 - Viruses !!!!!!!!!!!

Viruses- naked vs. enveloped

Viruses - such cool shapes

Virus “life” cycle

Viruses - entry

Viruses - exit

Viruses - types of genomes

Virus classification

http://www.virology.ws/2009/08/07/how-viruses-are-classified/

Viruses - reproduction

Viruses - reproduction

YOU and viral diseasesPoliovirus

YOU and viral diseasesInfluenza

Influenza – why you have to get a immunization each year

YOU and viral diseasesHIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Retroviruses - reverse transcription

Retroviruses - genome integration

YOU and viral diseasesMononucleosis – Epstein Barr Virus

YOU and viral diseasesHerpes Virus

YOU and viral diseases: Cancer

http://cancer.about.com/od/cancercauses/a/Viruses-And-Cancer.htm

Phage / bacteriophage – lytic vs. lysogenic cycle

http://biology.about.com/od/virology/ss/Bacteriophage.htm

Phage / bacteriophage – lytic vs. lysogenic cycle

Viruses and plants

http://www.microbiologybytes.com/virology/Plant.htmlhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110810093833.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_virus http://www.ipm.iastate.edu/ipm/hortnews/2007/4-11/sick.html

What if you are already sick: Antivirals

For next week:

• Your bacterial presentations - chapter 11

• Multiple choice quiz chapters• 1 - History• 10 - classification• 12 - eukaryotes• 1 3 - viruses

• Read chapters 2 - 3 - 4

• Read Lab exercises 5, 6, 7