DemandResponseResearchCenterand OpenAutomatedDemandResponse

February22,2011

MaryAnnPieKe mapieKe@lbl.gov

PresentaIontotheStateEnergyAdvisoryBoard

DemandResponseResearchCenter BuildingTechnologiesDept.

LawrenceBerkeleyNaIonalLaboratory

drrc.lbl.gov

    

     

  

ScopeofDRResearchCenter

SponsoredbyCEC,PG&E,SCE,SD&GE,DOE,BPA,NYSERDA, NRCANADA,SMUD,

• EnergySystemsIntegraGonandStrategicIssues – Communica8onsInfrastructures – GridIntegraIonandRenewables – MarketDesignfromPriceResponseandAncillaryServices

• Buildings – Automa8on,Communica8onsandControl – End‐UseControlStrategiesandModels – SimulaIonTools,FieldStudies,DeploymentandTraining – BehaviorResponse

• Industry – AutomaIon,End‐UsesandControls

OpenADRisaNISTSmartGridStandard: OpenAutomatedDemandResponse

Signaling‐conInuous,2‐way, securemessagingsystem fordynamicprices, emergencyandreliability signals.One‐way applicaIonsareunder development

Client‐serverarchitecture‐uses openinterfacestoallow interoperabilitywith publishandsubscribe systems

Currentsystem‐usesinternet availableatmostlarge faciliIesorbroadcasIng points.

Hardwareretrofitorembedded so:ware‐manyclients fullyimplementedwith exisIngXMLso<ware

   

 

  

OpenADRTechnologyConcepts • 2002‐IniIalResearchConcept • April2009–OpenADRSpecPublished

• May2009‐oneof1st16NISTSmartGrid Standards

• 2010–OpenADRinover250faciliIesin California,over150MWplanned

Elements‐

1 UGlitySystem

2 DRAutomaGonServer

3 TwoWaySignalstoFacility

4 FacilityControls

5 ClientAcknowledgesSignal

Pricing Control Physical DataModels Strategies CommunicaGons

$/ kWh

Price Signal

OpenADR Data Model Internet Comms Client

Server Auto‐DR

Building

AcIon End‐Use Controls

4

Over50VendorsHaveOpenADRClientOver350CommercialandIndustrialFaciliDes

5

OpenADR Deployment

7

DRControlStrategiesEvaluatedinPreviousResearch

8LawrenceBerkeleyNa=onal

Laboratory

DemandSideManagementandAutomatedDRFuture

OpenADR OpenADR

FutureDirecDonsDRstrategiesasa“Modes”inOpDmizedControl

•  Orchestratemodesusingschedules,signals,op=miza=onalgorithms:

•  Occupied/Unoccupied•  Maintenance/Cleaning• Warmup/Cooldown•  Nightpurge/Pre‐cooling•  LowpowerDRmode

•  Intelligenceneededfordecisionmaking•  Financialfeedbacksystemsneedtopresent

opera=onalvalue•  EmbedDRcommunica=onsclientinEMCS–work

towardcodes,supportBACnetandLONinteroperability

KWH

Non‐SpinningReserves

11

TOU

PeakChoice

Ancillary Services Resource

Reg.Up/Down&

SpinningReserves

Advanced Notice of Response

Dur

atio

n of

Res

pons

e

Seconds Minutes Hours Days Months

Seco

nds

M

inut

es

Hou

rs

CriDcalPeakPricing

CapacityBidding

Real‐DmePricing

Demand Response Opportunities: Advance Notice and Duration of Response

End Use Type Modulate On/Off Max.

Response Time

HVAC

Chiller Systems Setpoint Adj. 15 min.

Package Unit Setpoint Adj. Disable Compressors 5 min.

Lighting Dimmable Reduce Level 5 min.

On/Off Bi-Level Off 5 min.

Refrig/Frozen Warehouse Setpoint Adj. 15 min.

Data Centers Setpoint Adj., Reduce CPU Processing

15 min.

Ag. Pumping Turn Off selected pumps

5 min.

Wastewater Turn Off selected pumps

5 min.

End Uses and Response

CurrentResearchArea:DRforIntegraDngRenewableResources(IRR)

•  California’s Renewable Portfolio Standards: 33% renewable integration by 2020

•  Wind and Solar resources are variable and intermittent

•  Challenges: •  Intra-hour variability •  Ramping •  Forecast error •  Over generation

Goal: Identify strategies to address renewable integration challenges.

14

ArchitectureforPilot:DRasResourceforManagingGridwithIntermi`entRenewables

Acronyms:

EMS – ISO’s Energy Management System

AGC– Automated Generation Control

ICCP– Inter-control Center Communication Protocol

DRAS – DR Automation Server

15

ResearchQues=onsforResiden=alSmartGridResearch

•  Whatnear‐termbenefitscanconsumersexpectfromSmartGriddeployments?– SmartMetersarethemostconsumer‐visibleelementsoftoday’sSmartGrid

– SmartMetershavebeendeployedandhavealreadybecomeavola=leconsumerissue

•  Whencanthesebenefitsbedemonstrated?– SmartMeterscanimmediatelyprovidebenefitsintheformofnearreal‐=meinforma=on

U)litySecurityDomain

Residen)alSecurityDomain

HANSecurityDomain

AMI(proprietary)

Zigbee(SEP1.0/2.0)

Zigbee WiFi(IEEEStd.)

U=lity‐approvedGateway

UDlity‐ownedAMINetwork

UDlity‐controlledHANNetwork

End‐userNetwork

Dedicated Display

Cell Phone

Web / TV

SmartMeter(ItronorSilverSpring)

Residen)alSecurityDomain

U)litySecurityDomain

HANSecurityDomain

AMI(proprietary)

Zigbee(SEP1.0/2.0)

Zigbee WiFi(IEEEStd.)

U=lity‐approvedGateway

UDlity‐ownedAMINetwork

UDlity‐controlledHANNetwork

End‐userNetwork

Dedicated Display

Cell Phone

Web / TV

SmartMeter(ItronorSilverSpring)

Residen)alSecurityDomain

U)litySecurityDomain

HANSecurityDomain

AMI(proprietary

Zigbee(SEP1.0/2.0)

Zigbee WiFi(IEEEStd.)

U=lity‐approvedGateway

UDlity‐ownedAMINetwork

UDlity‐controlledHANNetwork

End‐userNetwork

Dedicated Display

Cell Phone

Web / TV

SmartMeter(ItronorSilverSpring)

IssuesforPresentStudy•  Foru=li=eswillingtoenable

HANradios,fewdevicesapprovedforproduc=onuse–  Manydevicesare

available–somewithZigbeecer=fica=on

–  HANdeviceSmartMeterfirmwareinteroperabilitytes=ngisadhocandlacksmarket‐wideorganiza=on

–  HANdevicetes=ngnotyetmatureorconsistentacrossu=li=es

•  Intheproduc=onenvironment,manydevicesareinvariousstagesof“produc=onreadiness”

•  But…few,ifany,devicesareusableforwidespreadfieldtes=ng

HostUDliDes

ProposedY/N

NetworkProvider

Comments

LADWP N none Nosmartmeters

MID Y SilverSpring

Greenfield

PG&E N SilverSpring

Securityconcerns

SCE ? Itron Havebeentoobusytorespond

SDG&E Y Itron Leverageexis=ngpilots

SMUD N SilverSpring

Securityconcerns

20

Summary

Automating Demand Response with open standards is making good progress

Need to link advanced controls for efficiency and DR

Future research

•  Additional end-use load evaluations, especially ancillary services

•  Closer analysis of economics

•  Continue to explore load and DR predictions

Summary and Future Research

21

APPENDICES

DRRCToolsandGuides

•  Surveys and Audit Tools •  Site Survey (Commercial) •  Industrial Controls Survey

•  Guides •  Case Studies (C&I) •  DR Strategies Guide (Commercial) •  Client Logic w/ Integrated Relay Installation Guide •  Application Manual for Software Client Development

•  Tools •  DR Quick Assessment Tool •  Load statistical Analysis Tool •  Weather sensitivity Calculation Tool •  Baseline Analysis Tool